09.特殊句式-高考英语一轮复习语法知识

(2)“only+状语”置于句首时, 主句要进行部分倒装。 Only then did we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move. 只有在那时我们才意识到发生了地震。我太害怕了以至于无法动弹。 Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 只有在和两个学生交谈之后我才发觉拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之 一。
(3)so/such...that...结构中的so/such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调 时,主句要用部分倒装结构。 So touching did the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.这首歌听起来如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住 流下眼泪。 (4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系 动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义, neither/nor表示否定意义)。 None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools. 我们都不熟悉种植,也不知道如何使用园艺工具。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
考点4 强调的两种形式 1.强调句型 (1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型 可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。 But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. 但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。 【特别提示】强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。 It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress.
(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必须部分倒装;though引导让步状语从句时, 从句可部分倒装,也可不倒装。 One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption campaign over the past few years, tough as/though it is, has achieved inspiring progress. 人们有理由相信在过去的几年里,中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然 这个行动很艰难。 (6)在非真实条件句中,if省略时,助动词had, were, should要提到主语前面。 Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. 要不是老师们的支持,这个学生是不能克服她的困难的。
2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等) Be careful to avoid being subjective and one-sided. 仔细一点,切忌主观片面。 3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分 Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。
祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never。 Don’t swim in the river.别在河里游泳。 Never answer the phone while driving. 决不在开车时接电话。
考点2 感叹句 感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由
what和how引导的,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”,也有少 量其他形式的感叹句。常见的感叹句句型有: 1.What感叹句 What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构: (1)What+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如: What an apple this is! (2)What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如: What an interesting story it is!
【要点归纳】 考点1 祈使句
祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中 一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下3种类型: 1.行为动词原形+其他成分 In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. 在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会给你需要的帮 助。
2.全部倒装 当here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,on the wall,in the room等表示地点、时 间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且句子主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装。 Up into the blue sky flew the bird when we passed by its nest. 当我们经过它的巢时,那只鸟飞上了蓝天。 She opened it and took a deep breath. Inside it were two sharp knives. 她打开它,深深地吸了一口气。它里面是两把锋利的刀子。
考点3 倒装 1.部分倒装 (1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。这类 词(组)有:never,seldom,rarely,hardly,little,few,at no time,by no means,no longer, hardly/scarcely...when...,no sooner...than...,not only...but also...,not until,nowhere, neither...nor...等。 The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so efficiently to connect different peoples and nations. 互联网是传达这些情感的方式之一,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国 家联系起来。 The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile
【特别提示】强调句型与三大从句的区别
类型
区别
与主语 从句
强调句型去掉It is/was和that/who之后,句子结构仍然完整,而主语从 句却不能 ①It is there that accidents often happen.(强调句) ②It is inevitable that English is being accepted as an international language.(主语从句)
特殊句式
【考题再现】 ①(2024·龙岩模拟) It was in 2018 _t_h_a_t_the junior students at the Jilin University of the Arts presented a design—a Chinese knot and a red lantern. ②(2023·全国甲卷语法填空改编) There _w__a_s_(be) once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings. ③“Not only __a_re__(be) the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What honest children they are! What important water it is!
2.How感叹句 How作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构: (1)How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!如: How beautiful the city is! How hard the workers are working! (2)How+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如: How interesting a story it is! (3)How+主语+谓语!如: How time fl.句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分. —How long is it since you picked up your badminton training? —It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training. ——自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了? ——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。
【特别提示】①若only修饰主语,句子不倒装; ②only+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装; ③构成部分倒装结构时,如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则需要找助动词来 帮助构成倒装句。 Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部 分? Was it during the Second World War that he died? 他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗? (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分? Where was it that you found your lost pen? 你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的? 【特别提示】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。 The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area.
2.强调谓语动词 用助动词do,does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的 陈述句中, do还可以用于祈使句。 Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace. 有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。