2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit1ArtPeriod1素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第

Unit 1 Art
一Unit 1 Period 1
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Between about 1910 and 1930, new artistic movements in European art were
making themselves felt in the United States. American artists become acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions
in the famous New York gallery “291” of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz.
But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States
was the sensational Armory Show of 1912-1913 in New York, in which the works of a number of progressive American painters were shown.
Several of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscapes, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the “feel ” of the “Ash Can School” and the later realists were still tied to nineteenth-century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.
The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, developed most fully in France between 1907 and 1914, which brought about a major revolution in Western painting. It overturned the rational tradition that had been built upon since the Renaissance. In Cubism, natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes. No longer was a clear differentiation made between the figure and the background of a painting: objects represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubism abandoned the conventional single vantage point of the viewer, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same time.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了美国现代艺术界的情况。

1. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The development of Cubism.
B. Modern art movements in the US.
C. Contemporary artists in the US.
D. The influence of photography.
【解析】选B。

主旨大意题。

综合分析整篇文章, 本文主要是介绍了美国现代艺术界的情况。

结合各个选项的内容, 可知应选B。

2. American artists learned about new artistic movements through the following means EXCEPT ______.
A. lessons from successful artists
B. the Armory Show of 1913
C. trips to Europe
D. the exhibitions at the gallery “291”
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“American artists become acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291” of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of 1912-1913 in New York”, 可知B、C、D三个选项的内容都在这两个句子中有所讲述, 故应选A。

3. Why does the author mention Alfred Stieglitz?
A. To show photography was the major influence in modern art.
B. To compare him to the other artists of his time.
C. To point out many artists learned from him.
D. To give an example of someone who influenced modern art.
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据Alfred Stieglitz所出现的语境(第一段第二句), 可知作者利用“Alfred Stieglitz” 作为一个例子来介绍现代艺术的一种形式, 故应选D。

4. According to the author, which of the following was a favorite subject for American modernists?
A. Portraits of famous people.
B. Country scenes.
C. Pictures of buildings’ interiors.
D. City landscapes.
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的“Several of the American m odernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscapes, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much removed from the actual appearance of th e city”, 可知美国现代派的艺术家钟爱的是乡村的景色。

故答案为B。

B
Do you drink water that’s been left sitting out overnight or even
for another day? Have you noticed it tastes different?
Tap water that has been left to sit out slowly begins to acquire an
off taste. Many people think that this is because of microorganisms(微
生物). But that’s not what makes old water taste not fresh. For that
we can thank carbon dioxide. After about 12 hours, tap water starts to
go flat as carbon dioxide in the air starts to mix with the water in the glass, lowering its pH and giving it an off taste. But it’s most likely safe to drink.
However, back to those microorganisms. If you use a dirty glass day after day, there is more of a chance of bacteria making themselves known; a risk that increases if you share the glass with another mouth as well. But assuming you use a fresh glass every few days, you probably won’t have a problem unless the glass has been touched by dirty fingers, and especially if those dirty fingers went unwashed after using the bathroom.
As for plastic water bottles that have been left out in the sun or in the car, step away from the bottle, warns Dr. Kellogg Schwab, director of the Johns Hopkins University Water Institute. “A chemical called bisphenol-A, or BPA, along with other things used to make plastic can leach(过滤) into your water if the bottle heats up or sits in the sun. ” He explains, BPA, as you probably know, has been linked to everything from heart disease to cancer. Schwab also adds that plastic used for commercial bottle d water isn’t meant to be washed or refilled, so use only one time and recycle. Or don’t buy them at all; use refillable water bottles instead. 【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了隔夜放置的水尽量不要饮用, 由于二氧化碳会使这种水口感有变化, Dr. Kellogg Schwab 警告我们要扔掉长期在阳光下或汽车里放置的塑料瓶, 因为
塑料瓶中的成分BPA是一种与心脏病和癌症有关的化学物质。

5. Tap water begin to acquire an off taste because of ______.
A. BPA
B. the glass
C. the microorganism
D. carbon dioxide
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第三、四句“But that’s not what makes old water taste not fresh. For that we ca n thank carbon dioxide. ”可知, 导致放置太久的水不新鲜的原因是二氧化碳, 故选D。

6. According to Paragraph 2 , tap water that’s been left sitting out for 12 hours ______.
A. tastes better
B. is still safe to drink
C. contains few microorganisms
D. is most likely undrinkable
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第五、六句“After about 12 hours, tap water starts to go flat as carbon dioxide in the air starts to mix with the water in the glass, lowering its pH and giving it an off taste. But it’s most likely safe to drink. ”可知, 饮用水放置超过12小时喝起来还是安全的, 故选B。

7. What should we do with plastic water bottles that have been left out in the sun or in the car?
A. Throw them away.
B. Refill them with fresh water.
C. Use them after they cool down.
D. Clean them and use them again.
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

文章第四段的句子“As for plastic water bottles that have been left out in the sun or in the car, step away from the bottle, warns Dr. Kellogg Schwab” 可知 Dr. Kellogg Schwab警告我们要扔掉长期在阳光下或汽车里放置的塑料瓶。

故选A。

8. Which of the following is true about BPA?
A. It is safe for people to use.
B. It is a kind of new material.
C. It can cause great harm to people.
D. It is the main material to make plastic.
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据最后一段的句子“He explains, BPA, as you probably know, has been linked to everything from heart disease to cancer. 可知 Dr. Kellogg Schwab”指出BPA是一种与心脏病和癌症有关的化学物质, 由此判断选C。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余
选项。

(2020·哈尔滨高二检测) Art is for everyone and it exists everywhere. When it comes to appreciating an art painting, there is no right or wrong way. 1. ________
●Know the artist. To know the artist is the first step toward appreciating an art painting. 2. __________ Once you get familiar with the paintings from a particular artist, you will start relating to his unique style.
●3. __________ This is really tough. There are different styles and types of art mediums, realism, surrealism, and impressionism, to name but a few. So for beginners, it’s advi sable to keep things simple. Try to understand if the art you see is a watercolor, oil painting or acrylics(丙烯画) or sketch(速写) on paper. You also need to figure out the styles of the work—figurative(形象的)or abstract.
●Try and find a meaning. To read between lines and colors and understand what the artist means can be very difficult. 4. __________ So here’s a simple guide. Figurative paintings are easy because they are an honest description of emotions on the canvas(画布). Still, it doesn’t mean you r understanding is the same as the artist’s. Abstracts attempt to create magic with shapes, lines and colors and their meaning is difficult for everyone who sees it.
●Search for emotions. Not every work of art will catch your eyes or emotions at first sight. 5. __________ Explore the art work with your eyes.
Once you are aware of these things, you will be able to break the ice with art.
A. Discover your taste and styles.
B. Know the type of art and medium used.
C. Some of these art works will take time to reach you.
D. You just might find that art changes the way you see the world.
E. Learning something about the artist adds to the appreciation of art.
F. A simple art painting might be understood for different people.
G. The following ideas may help you join in the conversation between you and the artist.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。

当今社会艺术品很多, 喜欢艺术的大有人在。

然而欣赏艺术要求人们有一定的欣赏水平和艺术知识。

本文从了解艺术家、了解艺术种类、发现其所含意义等几个方面向读者介绍了欣赏艺术画作的方法。

1. 【解析】选G。

根据空前一句“When it comes to appreciating an art paintin g, there is no right or wrong way. ” 可知, 欣赏艺术画作没有什么对或错的方式。

而下文从几方面介绍了欣赏艺术画作的方法, 所以, 本空应为承上启下的句子。

G项中的“The following ideas”为重点提示, 引出下文的信息, 故选G。

2. 【解析】选E。

本空前一句“To know the artist is the first step toward appreciating an art painting. ”的意思是: 了解艺术家是欣赏其艺术画作的第一步。

空后一句“Once you get familiar with the paintings from a particular artist, you will start relating to his unique style. ”的句意是: 一旦你熟悉了来自某位特定艺术家的绘画, 你就会开始联系其独特的艺术风格。

因此本空应与了解艺术家有关, 故选E。

3. 【解析】选B。

根据下文“There are different styles and types of art mediums, realism, surrealism, and impressionism, to name but a few. ”可知, 艺术有不同的风格以及不同的表现手段和方法, 后文则具体地介绍了不同的风格和表现方法, 由此可知本段主要是关于艺术风格和方法的。

本空位于段首, 所以本空为总结句, 对下文进行概括, 故选B。

4. 【解析】选F。

根据空前一句“To read between lines and colors and understand what the arti st means can be very difficult. ”可知, 通过阅读线条和颜色来理解艺术家的心思很难, 而空后则提到了一些简单的方法指导。

所以本空与不同的人对艺术品有不同的理解有关, 故选F。

5. 【解析】选C。

根据空前的“Search for emotions. Not every work of art will catch your eyes or emotions at first sight. ”可知, 并非每一件艺术品都能让你第一眼便被吸引或激起你的情感, 空后句则提到了让读者用眼睛去探索, 所以本空为过渡句, C项“理解某些艺术品会需要一些时间。

”符合语境, 故选C。

【素养培优】
According to Passage A, retell the main idea.
Between about 1910 and 1930, the most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of 1912-1913 in New York, in which many works of progressive American painters were shown.
Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the “feel ” of the “Ash Can School” .
The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, in which natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes.
阅读理解
I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such an attractive, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.
Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience
during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a
deeper, more long-lasting emotion. Going to an amusement park or ball
game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us
relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they
do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.
I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to exciting parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir(回忆录)after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, and long-time loneliness.
The way people hold on to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates
happiness actually decreases their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, charitable work and
self-improvement.
【语篇概述】本文从各个层面分析幸福和乐趣之间的本质区别, 从而下结论乐趣永远代替不了幸福。

1. Accor ding to the passage, “fun activities” ______.
A. are the things we do before we find happiness
B. may help us relax and forget our problems sometimes
C. will lead us to the true happiness
D. could provide long-last positive effects
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

从第二段的倒数第二句“Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. ”可知, 快乐的活动可以帮助我们放松, 有时忘记我们的问题, 故选B。

2. In the author’s opinion, those Hollywo od stars ______.
A. possess happiness because they are rich and famous
B. experience almost all kinds of happy things
C. tell us happiness isn’t equal to fun using their own stories
D. have to suffer a lot before they become successful
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

从第三段第一句“I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. ”可知, 好莱坞明星的故事告诉我们幸福不等于乐趣, 故选C。

3. It is difficult for people to find real happiness because ______.
A. they believe happiness is the fun life without pain
B. they find pain equals unhappiness
C. they fear to lose what they already have in life
D. they are afraid all their efforts were in vain
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

从第四段第一句“The way people hold on to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually decreases their chances of ever attaining real happiness. ”可知, 人们认为幸福就是没有痛苦的快乐生活, 这减少了人们获得幸福的可能性, 故选A。

4. The main purpose of the text is to ______.
A. describe the difference between happiness and fun
B. show the true meaning of happiness
C. encourage people to pursue fun activities
D. advise people to find their real life
【解析】选B。

写作意图题。

从全篇文章和最后一段第一句“As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. ”可知, 作者是想告诉我们真正的幸福是什么, 故选B。