【英语】高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

【英语】高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul: "We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."
Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: "We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve
its scenic value."
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival-related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government."
Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: "This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous (先前的) values."
Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
（1）Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A.A government survey.
B.A research paper.
C.A newspaper report.
D.A travel guide.
（2）Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam?
A.Human activities.
B.Poor building materials.
C.War influence.
D.The passing of time.
（3）It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics, the government should .
A.turn to the UNESCO for financial help
B.improve the scenic value by raising tourist fees
C.encourage the community to join in the rescue work
D.make full use of the money raised by the local people
（4）What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Guide the Community in Proper Behaviors
B.Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style
C.Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins
D.Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。

就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Vietnamese cultural dep artments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influen ce of time, war and human activities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, ‘The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。

越南革命博物馆馆长Dang Quoc Quan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“Experts have called for a systematic guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.
'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.
Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."
（1）What do we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.
（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?
A. Hopeful
B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。

折纸工程将在很
大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or re ctangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufact urer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dash board.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.
Once a program called Fast Track was started in the early 1990s for more than 7,600 children of 55 schools in America. They were identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral problems. The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. The program, which lasted from first grade through 10th grade, reduced delinquency(少年犯罪), arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood.
In another latest study, by looking at the data from nearly 900 students in previous findings, researchers found that about a third of the influence on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.
The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast
Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence. Soft skills might include teaching kids to work cooperatively in a group or teaching them how to think about the long-term consequences when they make a decision.
Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children. Parents should do all they can to promote these skills with their children as should education policymakers. To the extent we can improve those skills, we can improve outcomes in delinquency.
（1）Fast Track was intended for children who .
A. were randomly chosen from their schools
B. had some problems with academic learning
C. often went against their teachers and parents' wishes
D. were considered to have criminal trouble in the future
（2）What can be learned about "the intervention" in Paragraph 2?
A. It included all the students.
B. It focused on social skills.
C. It improved health services.
D. It had positive outcomes.
（3）Compared with soft skills, hard skills .
A. almost have no influence on students
B. are more affected by students' emotion
C. are mainly related to academic learning
D. offer children greater self-control abilities （4）Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Soft Social Skills Matter
B. Fast Track Helps Children
C. How to Prevent Delinquency
D. What to DO for Education
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。

(1)考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students ‘soft’ skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.可知，Fast Track是为那些在未来被认为有犯罪问题的儿童准备的。

故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. ”学生被随机分为两组；一半的人参与了the intervention，其中包括教师主导的课程、家长培训小组、学术辅导以及自我控制和社交技巧方面的课程。

由此推知划线词的意思是“辅导”，故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence.”可知，与软技能相比，硬技能主要与学术学习有关。

故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“Researchers drew th e conclusion that these soft skills
should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children.”可知，本文讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
The influence of America is increasing in my country. Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day.
I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies. Most of the programs and documentaries(记录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood.
In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe.
American culture is a part of Spanish life now. It's certain that many things from America are as much a part of people's lives as Spanish things. For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product. I've known about Coca Cola for my whole life.
However, it's different with Western fast food. For example, I don't think McDonald's is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries. In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people, The Spanish people normally eat at home.
On the other hand, maybe McDonald's hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas. It's true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonald's, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults. In any case, it's obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day.
（1）From the first paragraph we can know that .
A. the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere.
B. most Spanish people don't like to listen to their own music,
C. fast food spreads from Spain to the United States.
D. some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills.
（2）What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain?
A. American novels.
B. Hollywood movies.
C. McDonald.
D. American music.（3）Why did the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain?
A. To protect foreign culture in Spain.
B. To earn more money from Spanish films.
C. To limit the number of foreign movie.
D. To unite European Communities.
（4）What do you think Spanish tapas might be?
A. The name of a drink.
B. The name of a restaurant.
C. A clothing brand.
D. A certain kind of food.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。

穿着习惯和生活习惯都极大影响了西班牙人。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段可知，到处都可以发现美国对西班牙的影响。

选A。

(2)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture”可知，故答案选B。

(3)考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in E urope.”可推断出，西班牙政府给在西班牙上演的电影制定一些规则是为了限制外国电影的数量，保护西班牙的电影。

选C。

(4)考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“On the other hand, maybe McDonald's hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas.”可知，或许麦当劳的汉堡将最终取代著名的西班牙tapas，由此可推断tapas指西班牙的一种食品。

选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
BEIJING/SAO PAULO-Chinese traditions like cockfighting like-flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years.
Despite the thousands of kilometers between them, China's historical and artistic mark on Brazil has existed for about 300 years, said Brazilian sinologist (汉学家) Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil. "Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after after Brazil's independence." The commercial relationship between the two countries has existed for a long time, he noted, adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Recife with Chinese products like porcelain (瓷器), silk and fans He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but also in the most diverse areas of Brazilian society, like the economy, medicine and popular culture. "At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco, (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons." Teixeira added.
The book took him about 15 years to finish. "The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies," he said. "Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil."
Besides, the sinologist did research on the mark and presence of China in the architecture and arts of Brazil. "It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion," Teixeira said.
In 1992, the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marks and presence of China in Brazil, and that trip impressed him a lot. In 2013, Teixeira had a chance to
visit the Chinese cities of Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and got to know "the past and present of the great country culturally, as well as its incredible material development."
（1）What does the underlined sentence imply?
A.Brazilian children's love for dragons as Chinese children.
B.The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation.
C.A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries.
D.China's influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society.
（2）What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazilian?
A.Children's clothes.
B.The sinologist's traveling.
C.The sinologist's book.
D.China's porcelain.
（3）What fired the sinologist's passion for Chinese studies?
A.Chinese art.
B.Chinese customs.
C.The history of China.
D.China's development.
（4）What is the best title for this passage?
A.The Impression of China on Sinologist.
B.China and Brazil in Eyes of Sinologist
C.An Introduction to Sinologist's New Book
D.The Future of China-Brazil Trade Relations
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西汉学家Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite眼中的中国和巴西。

（1）考查句义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Influences from China can date from the colonial period, ev en up to the time after after Brazil's independence.”可知中国的影响可以追溯到殖民地时代，甚至到巴西独立之后。

从画线句所在的句子“At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco,（a state in northeastern Brazil）, there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons．可知19世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，伯南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上。

因此，划线句子显示的是中国对巴西社会各个领域的影响。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的"‘The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies, ’ he said. ‘Some have said th at the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil.’"可知这本书的影响令我吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的，印刷量只有1000册。

有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的一个转折点。

因此，这本书标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了一个新的阶
段。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的"‘It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after tha t, interest, and finally, passion,’ Teixeira said.”可知正是通过艺术，中国在我心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣，最后是激情，特谢拉说。

因此，是艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，巴西汉学家Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite从艺术，商业，经济，医学，文化，建筑等方面介绍了中国对巴西的影响。

所以短文的最佳标题为“汉学家眼中的中国和巴西”。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because" the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature," the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?
A. It introduces different cultural values.
B. It explains the history of artistic works.
C. It relates artistic values to local conditions.
D. It excites the human mind throughout the world.
（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ .
A. great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B. history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C. popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D. great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ .
A. they are results of scientific study
B. they establish some general principles of art
C. they are created by the world's greatest artists
D. they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Are Artistic Values Universal?
B. Are Popular Arts Permanent?
C. Is Human Nature Uniform?
D. Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了根据文化相对主义，艺术作品在永恒受欢迎的原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.”可知根据相对主义，艺术作品就是把艺术的价值与当地的社会经济条件结合在一块，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if t hey began as works of popular art.”可知不会把莫扎特与日本的音乐进行比较，正如日本的画作与巴黎的画廊进行比较，艺术作品是没有国界的，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because‘ the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature," the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.’ ”可知Davide曾辩论到风格的原则上是没有变化的，所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，但作者提出不同的观点，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

It is commonly believed that in medieval France, New Year was celebrated on 1 April. Then in 1562, Pope Gregory introduced a new calendar for the Christian world, changing New Year to 1 January. With no modern communications, news travelled slowly and new ideas were often questioned. Many people did not hear of the change, some merely forgot, and others chose to ignore it. These people were called fools. Invitations to non-existent "New Year" parties were sent and other practical jokes were played. Over time playing tricks on 1 April became a tradition. The custom eventually spread to England and Scotland, and it was later transported across the Atlantic to the American colonies (殖民地) of the English and the French. April Fools' Day has
now developed into an international festival of fun, with different nationalities celebrating the day in special ways.
France and Italy
In France and Italy, if someone plays a trick on you, you are the "fish of April". By the month of April fish have only just hatched and are therefore easy to catch. Children stick paper fish to their Friends' backs and chocolate fish are found in the shops.
America and Britain
Today, Americans and the British play small tricks on friends and strangers alike on 1 April. A common trick is to point to a friend's shoe and say "Your shoelace(鞋带) is untied." When they look down, they are laughed at. Schoolchildren might tell a friend that school has been cancelled. Sometimes the media get involved. Once, a British short film was shown on April Fools' Day about spaghetti farmers and how they harvest their crop from spaghetti trees!
Scotland
In Scotland, April Fools' Day lasts for two days! The second day is called "Taily Day" and tricks on this day involve the botto m (or the "tail", in informal speech). Often a sign saying ‘kick me' is stuck onto someone's back without them knowing.
（1）In what condition would someone be called "fish of April" in France?
A. When one is fooled.
B. If one is fond of fish.
C. When one fools others.
D. If one prefers chocolate.
（2）What was the purpose of the British short film?
A. To help the audience.
B. To trick the audience.
C. To warn the audience.
D. To inform the audience.
（3）Where does April Fools' Day last for more than one day?
A. Italy.
B. France.
C. America.
D. Scotland.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，愚人节现在已经发展成为一个国际性的娱乐节日，不同的国家以不同的方式庆祝这一天。

作者讲述了关于“愚人节”的一些事情以及一些国家愚人节的风俗习惯。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据France and Italy部分中的“In France and Italy, if someone plays a trick on you, you are the‘fish of April’.“在法国和意大利，如果有人捉弄你，你就是“四月鱼”。

”可知，在法国当一个人被愚弄时才会有人被称为“四月鱼”。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据America and Britain部分中的“Today, Americans and t he British play small tricks on friends and strangers alike on 1 April.和Once, a British short film was shown on April Fools' Day about spaghetti farmers and how they harvest their crop from spaghetti trees!”今天，美国人和英国人都会在4月1日这天对朋友和陌生人开些小玩笑。

有一次，
愚人节放映了一部英国短片，讲的是种意大利面的农民如何从意大利面树上收获意大利面”和“有一次，愚人节放映了一部英国短片，讲的是种意大利面的农民如何从意大利面树上收获意大利面。

”可知，英国短片的目的是来欺骗观众。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Scotland部分中的“In Scotland, April Fools' Day lasts for two days!“在苏格兰，愚人节要持续两天！”可知，在苏格兰愚人节持续超过一天。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.
Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the "New Journalism." "I've always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable," he said. "The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa."
"When Tom Wolfe's voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards," says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. "Wolfe didn't do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people." Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.
In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America's first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. "The Right Stuff was the book for me," says Grossman. "It reminded me, in case I'd forgotten, that the world is an incredible place."
In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase "pushing the envelope." In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as "The 'Me' Decade." Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.
"He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality," Grossman says. "He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right." All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.
（1）The "New Journalism" is a style of journalism that .
A. changes its news writing techniques frequently
B. popularizes new American idioms in a literary way
C. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reporting
D. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective。