2020届郑州市第一中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案

2020届郑州市第一中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!
Position:Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)
Place:Manchester
Hours:Part Time
We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
Role:
You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.
Skills and Experience Required:
You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
1.The text is meant to_________.
A.carry an ad
B.send an invitation
C.present a document
D.leave a note
2.The volunteers’ primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities__________.
A.to learn new living skills
B.to get some financial support
C.to properly protect themselves
D.to realize their own importance
3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?
A.The one who can drive a car.
B.The one who can speak English fluently.
C.The one who has relevant work experience.
D.The one who has the patience to listen to others.
B
We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.
Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.
The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.
When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.
When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.
With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.
4. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To make comparisons.
C. To provide an example.
D. To support his argument.
5. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?
A. It failed to complete the task.
B. It followed the etiquette rules.
C. It made a random decision.
D. It communicated with the researchers.
6. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?
A. It was creative but worthless.
B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.
C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.
D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Robot Taught To Be Polite
B. Robot Can Explain Its Decision
C. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A Dream
D. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A Problem
C
Six Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchersmay have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.
While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.
The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.
Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their s “from the early Palaeolithic to theBronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性)
or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.
8. What does the study mainly focus on?
A. The social behavior of Neanderthals.
B. The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals.
C. The climate change in southeasternFrance.
D. The influence of global warming on ancient animals.
9. What can possibly be used to describe the climate in southeasternFrance120,000 to 130,000 years ago?
A. It was no warmer than it is today.
B. It was first warm while later cold and dry.
C. Its change was mild and went through quite a long process.
D. Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism.
10. Which of the following might the study authors agree with?
A. Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality.
B. Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive.
C. Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes.
D. Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history.
11. Where can you most possibly find this passage?
A. In a science journal.
B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a history book.
D. In a geography book.
D
It is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?
For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth”. The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.
Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body.
Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural (神经的) stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.
What are stem cells(干细胞)? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin
cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.
Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature, Cai explained when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost. it eventually leads to aging.
Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells, Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination (协调) of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals, Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.
But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in.
12. In Paragraph 2 a “fountain of youth” is mentioned to ________.
A. introduce the main topic
B. show a hidden secret.
C. describe scientists research
D. recommend a way to stay young
13. Aging takes place in the body when _______.
A. stem cells develop into specialized cells
B. there are important activities within the body
C. hypothalamus neural stem cells fail to protect against aging
D. the hypothalamus fails to repair damaged tissues and organs
14. What do we know about the researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine from the text?
A. They did experiments to see how stem cells work.
B. They studied mice to find their connection with humans.
C. They have found a possible way to slow the aging progress.
D. They have found no changes in mice s behavior during the experiment
15. What will the researchers probably do next?
A. They will help some animals live longer.
B. They will announce the fountain of youth doesn’t exist
C. They will develop products to help people live a longer life immediately
D. They will do research to see if what they have found in mice will apply to humans.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项It's important to develop strong study skills in high school so that you can be prepared for any continuing education or training after you graduate.___16___. By repeating them, you will create a new study habit and that will result in improved learning and grades.
___17___. Update it as the term goes on. Make sure you have all the materials with you that you might need.
Develop a calm attitude.___18___. Nobody learns anything straight away.
Set up small rewards for reaching goals. Remember that it takes time to develop a new habit, so set small achievable study goals and reward yourself for reaching then.___19___
Review the information you've learned. By creating repetition, you strengthen the memory of what you're studying. Take frequent breaks during your study time. Short bursts of studying are proven to be more effective than hours of cramming. Get up and stretch, clear your mind and relax your muscles before returning to the books.
Using thinking skills effectively.___20___. If you're not a good thinker, start now by developing habits that make you ask yourself questions as you read. Talk to other students who you feel are good thinkers. Ask them what it is they do when they think critically or creatively. Often times, you can pick up valuable insights to help you become a better thinker.
A. Be calm and patient with yourself
B. For that repeat the following study habits daily
C. Obviously, a good habit benefits you all life long
D. This helps keep you motivated and feeling positive
E. At the beginning of a term, prepare a Term Calendar
F. Good thinkers see only dead-ends where others see possibilities
G. Good thinkers see possibilities where others see only dead-ends
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When I was a little girl, there was the magic of Mercurochrome (红药水). It was good for cuts, scratches (抓
痕), or other___21___. My brother and I___22___and proved the powers of Mercurochrome many years ago.
It was summer and hot. Mama was not feeling well and had become___23___tired. She told us that she was going to___24___ on her bed. Only a few minutes had passed when Ronnie___25___a scratch on his knee that needed immediate___26___. We tiptoed(踮脚走) into Mama’s room and asked her if we could put Mercurochrome on Ronnie’s scratch.___27___on her back, Mama had fallen into a deep sleep and made no answer.
We stole into the bathroom, took the Mercurochrome and___28___Ronnie’s knee. Undoubtedly, he immediately began to feel better.___29___, we tiptoed into Mama’s room to show her that we had taken care of our scratches without___30___her. But she was in sound sleep. Then we whispered that___31___Mama didn’t feel well, perhaps Mercurochrome would make her feel___32___.
Twenty minutes___33___, we painted every scratch and every freckle(雀斑) of Mama’s skin. She had Mercurochrome___34___her legs, arms and face. At Ronnie’s encouraging, we___35___tried to paint her fingernails and toenails.
When Mama screamed in___36___, we knew that she was awake. With all the___37___, it didn’t seem at first that she was feeling better,___38___she burst into laughter as she stared at her image in the mirror.
We laughed a lot the next few days. If anyone had asked us, we would have___39___that Mama had been cured by the___40___of Mercurochrome.
21. A. matters B. worries C. troubles D. wounds
22. A. marked B. tested C. collected D. ignored
23. A. suddenly B. gradually C. hardly D. extremely
24. A. lie down B. settle down C. go down D. look down
25. A. doubted B. learnt C. noticed D. recognized
26. A. service B. attention C. advice D. study
27. A. Round B. Tight C. Wide D. Flat
28. A. painted B. designed C. completed D. decorated
29. A. Politely B. Proudly C. Carelessly D. Properly
30. A. pleasing B. disturbing C. exciting D. worrying
31. A. before B. unless C. until D. since
32. A. better B. rarer C. worse D. stranger
33. A. earlier B. ago C. later D. ahead
34. A. in B. on C. over D. under
35. A. always B. ever C. even D. only
36. A. horror B. shame C.disappointment D. excitement
37. A. laughing B. talking C. screaming D. joking
38. A. so B. although C. because D. but
39. A. pretended B. expected C. insisted D. accepted
40. A. magic B. reality C. secret D. story
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In the ancient times,there used to be so many myths about the moon, and all of___41.___made the moon more attractive. On the moon, according to the Chinese myth, lived a goddess named Chang 'e who led a lonely life. In the west, up to now, scientists____42.____(study) the moon for many years. I wonder if you have received an___43.___(invite) to spend a Moon Day, which is officially celebrated on July 20 every year. Moon Day marks the first human landing on the moon______44.______(success) that occurred on July 20, 1969. That explains it! Ever since 1969, Moon Day has been celebrated in the US to mark one of the______45.______(great) achievements in human history.
Moon Day is largely celebrated by NASA and space fans. One way to celebrate Moon Day is to make something about the moon,like cutting paper moons. Children are made to bake cookies and cut them in the shape of the moon. They also consider_____46._____(learn) some facts about the moon on this occasion. Exploring the moon on Google Moon is a great idea to get familiar with our natural satellite. It is especially important that we celebrate Moon Day with children.___47.___this way, children can learn about____48.____happened on July 20, 1969, and understand the importance of this event in the future. It can be said with certainty that humans will devote all their___49.___(life) to the research into the moon. As for young people, they must go to all lengths to study hard for the future even if there is a long way to go!
Should there be a chance for you to go to the moon, who would you like to have_____50._____(go ) with you ?
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

How time flies! My first term in senior school was coming to an end, but I can remember every day clear. There are many beautiful flowers or tall trees in our school. And at present a new teaching building is built in my school. The school is very attractive that I quite enjoy my study here.
However, I also had some problems. I had difficult in pronouncing English words correctly. As the result, I often made mistakes in class. Luckily, Miss Wang, my English teacher gave me some useful advices on English learning. I also joined in an English club at school, where helped me a lot.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Old Jimwas without doubt the besthairstylist I’d ever known. He designed every haircut so artistically that it would be an understatement to say the magics created by him were “beautiful”. But there was one strange thing about his shop: there was nomirrorin it, so customers were kept in suspense until they reached home.
I entered Old Jim’s hairdresser’s, sad and disappointed, having just been rejected a role in the school play. I was ordinary-looking and boring, and that’s why they didn’t want me — I was convinced. “I want to bebeautiful,” I said to Old Jim, tears almost dropping. After having a haircut, I thanked him again andwalkedout through the door, his words remaining in my head: “There’smagicin your new hair. Now start your journey to beauty.”
Sunlight dropped down through the overlapping leaves above my head as I walked on the street. I shook my head but didn’t feel a difference. I could only slightly feel that something was different, like a little voice that had long been suppressed that desired to beheard.
Suddenly, I heard someone calling out to me. “Susan! Susan” I turned around. It was Jennifer, the most popular girl in the whole school. “It really is you, Susan. You look great today!” ‘Thanks.” Jennifer was everything I wanted to be. What a sweet victory to get such admiration from a girl like her! We had aconversationon school and parted at a crossing, where she turned left and I right.
As I walked, I could see aboywalking toward me. We went to the same school but hadn't talked to each other much. If it weren't for the new hair, I would have looked down and pretended not to see him. I had always beenshy.
Paragraph 1:
But at that point, I intended to test out Old Jim’s magic.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
At the sight of home, I started to go faster, desperate to see my new hair in the mirror in my room.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D
16. B 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G
21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32.
A 33. C 34.
B 35.
C 36. A 37. C 38.
D 39. C 40. A
41. them
42. have studied
43. invitation
44. successfully
45. greatest
46. learning
47. In 48. what
49. lives 50. go
51.(1).was→is
(2).clear→clearly
(3).or→and
(4).is后添加being
(5).very→so
(6).difficult→difficulty
(7).the→a
(8).advices→advice
(9).去掉in
(10).where→which 52.略。