单元检测3:Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero
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单元检测卷(五)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Arthur Miller (1915-2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th ler’s father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary,drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”.However,he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.
Miller’s most famous play,Death of a Salesman,is a powerful attack on the American system,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman,the hero of the play,we see a man who has got into trouble with this system.Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment:if he can’t do the work,then he is no good to his employer,the Wagner Company,and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this,and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
When it was first staged in 1949,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play,the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award,and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury,Connecticut,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway. 1.Why did Arthur Miller’s father move to the USA?
A.He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.
B.He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”.
C.He hoped to make his son a dramatist.
D.His family business failed.
答案B
解析细节理解题。
由第一段中的“Miller’s father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary,drawn like so many others by the‘Great American Dream’.”可知,米勒的父亲搬到美国去是被“伟大的美国梦”所吸引,故选B项。
2.The play Death of a Salesman.
A.exposes the cruelty of the American business world
B.discusses the ways to get promoted in a company
C.talks about the business career of Arthur Miller
D.focuses on the skills in doing business
答案A
解析细节理解题。
由第二段第一句“Miller’s most famous play,Death of a Salesman,is a powerful attack on the American system,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.”可知,《推销员之死》揭露了美国商业社会的残酷,故选A项。
3.What can we learn about Willy Loman?
A.He treats his employer badly.
B.He runs the Wagner Company.
C.He is a victim of the American system.
D.He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
答案C
解析推理判断题。
由第二段中的“...if he can’t do the work,then he is no good to his employer,the Wagner Company,and he must go...in the end.”可推知,Willy Loman是美国社会制度的牺牲品。
4.After it was first staged,Death of a Salesman.
A.achieved huge success
B.won the first Tony Award
C.was warmly welcomed by salesmen
D.was severely attacked by dramatists
答案A
解析细节理解题。
由第三段第一句“When it was first staged in 1949...the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.”可知,这部戏剧获得了巨大的成功,故选A项。
B项错误在于不是赢得了第一个Tony Award。
B
Now,I’ll tell you something about the Internet.The Internet is a network of computers.It became popular in the 1990s.Now,we live in the Internet Age.The Internet is very useful.You can get information,do some shopping or talk with people from all over the world.You can do all these things in your room.
You can set up your own space on the Internet.We call it a homepage.It’s open to anyone in the world.Write your message on your homepage.Soon,you can get answers by email from people around the world.
The Internet is also useful when a flood or an earthquake happens somewhere in the world.We can learn about the needs of the people there and send them food and medicine more quickly than before.
In the world of the Internet,everyone is equal.Famous writers,artists,and scientists—they are all your friends.A lucky person can even find a message from the president of a country.
Some people lose themselves in the world of the Internet.That’s really bad.Remember that the world of the Internet is not a real world.Facetoface communication with family,friends and neighbours is very important.Don’t forget that the Internet is only a tool for communication and information.
Many people say that the Internet has some problems,but most people agree the Internet still has a wonderful future.For the first time in history,anyone can exchange messages and information immediately with other people.
5.The Internet became popular .
A.in the 1980s
B.in the 1990s
C.in the year 2000
D.in the 21st century
答案B
解析细节理解题。
由第一段第三句可知B项正确。
6.According to the passage,the Internet is usually used .
A.to get information from all over the world
B.to help people who need help badly
C.to react to email from all over the world
D.both A and B
答案D
解析细节理解题。
由文章第一段和第三段可知A、B两项都有提及。
7.We shouldn’t lose ourselves in the world of the Internet .
A.because the world of the Internet is a real world
B.because communication with family and friends is more important
C.because the Internet is not only a tool for communication and information
D.because it does a lot of harm to our body and mind
答案B
解析推理判断题。
由文章倒数第二段第四句“Facetoface communication with family,friends,and neighbours is very important.”可知B项正确。
8.What’s the best title of the passage?
A.The Internet
B.People’s Attitude to the Internet
C.Information on the Internet
D.How to Use the Internet
答案A
解析标题归纳题。
文章自始至终都是在介绍Internet,故选A项。
C
Why do we dream?It’s a question researchers have been studying for years.Now new research suggests that some dreams may result from the brain’s effort to keep learning,even as we sleep. In a study in Boston,100 volunteers were trained for an hour on a maze(迷宫).They tried to find their way through the difficult puzzle as quickly as possible.Then half of the volunteers were allowed to sleep for 90 minutes.The other half stayed awake,reading or relaxing.The ones who slept were asked to describe their dreams when they woke up.
After the rest,the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze.Those who hadn’t slept showed no improvement or did even worse after the break.Sleepers who didn’t report any mazerelated dreams did better but showed only a little improvement.However,four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement.They scored 10 times higher after sleeping and dreaming about the maze.
Even though the number of dreamers was small,the researchers noted that the gap in learning between the dreamers and nondreamers was so wide that the finding was significant(有意义的).The dreamers had all performed poorly on the test before dreaming about it.That suggests that struggling with a task might be the trigger that leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it.
“It’s almost as if your brain is going through everything that happened today,” Dr.Stickgold,a scientist at Harvard Medical School,said.“The things you’re obsessed(迷住) with are the ones that your brain forces you to continue to do with.”
9.What were the volunteers asked to do after the rest?
A.To work on a new maze.
B.To continue to do the maze.
C.To talk with each other about their dreams.
D.To tell what they thought about the maze.
答案B
解析细节理解题。
根据第三段的“After the rest,the volunteers were asked again to solve the maze.”可知应选B。
10.According to the study,which group showed the greatest improvement?
A.Those who didn’t sleep.
B.Those who slept but didn’t dream.
C.Those who dreamed about the maze while sleeping.
D.Those who thought about the maze before falling asleep.
答案C
解析细节理解题。
根据第三段的“However,four naptakers who reported dreaming about the maze showed a surprising improvement.”可知应选C。
11.The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 5 probably means “”.A.chance B.cause
C.way D.idea
答案B
解析词义猜测题。
根据后文的“that leads the sleeping brain to focus on it and work on how to deal with it”可知,trigger在这里意为“起因”,即设法努力完成一项任务会导致沉睡中的大脑集中注意力去解决这个任务。
D
Don’t you just love ice skating every winter?I am sure,that since winter is approaching,your skates are set to come out,just waiting to be used.Impress your friends with your new trick on how to iceskate backwards with the help of these tips.Skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic,there’s nothing like it.Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.
Stand Straight
The first thing that you need to do is,stand straight.If you feel that you are falling backwards,then just put your chin(下巴) up and slightly bend your knees.Don’t worry;this happens to all. Confidence Is What You Need
The most important step while learning how to skate backwards,is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing.How can you achieve this?By practice.Just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slop every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort.But before you do that,make sure that the place where you are practicing is free from any kind of debris(碎片) because otherwise,you could land up in the hospital due to some accident.While going backwards,just get used to the feeling of moving backwards.One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance,then scissor(做剪式运动) your skates.Keep practicing this till you are confident about it.
Maintain Speed
Confident now?Great!Now the next step is to maintain your speed.While rolling in a straight line with one skate,with the other try sculling(划桨),that is,keep pushing yourself backwards with an
outwards stroke(滑动).Now bring the skate which you were using to scull,and then again,repeat the same process.Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling.Now,try the same thing using the other foot.Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.
Increase Your Speed Now
Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot,the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed.Try some of your own tricks now.Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
Scull and Be Aware
While you keep one foot straight,keep sculling with the other.You can do that simultaneously with both feet.Concentrate on what you are doing but don’t get so involved,that you don’t see where you are going.If you are not watching your back,you might just bang against something or someone.
12.According to the text confidence comes from .
A.high speed B.strict coaches
C.constant exercise D.good techniques
答案C
解析细节理解题。
根据文中Confidence Is What You Need这一节的内容可知,作者认为信心是很重要的,而不断的练习能够提高能力从而增强自信心。
13.Which is the right order of iceskating backwards?
a.Increasing your speed.
b.Being able to scull with one foot.
c.Being about to stand straight.
d.Trying some different tricks.
A.c→a→d→b B.c→b→d→a
C.a→c→b→d D.c→b→a→d
答案D
解析细节理解题。
根据作者所给出的几点建议,倒滑的几点技巧里面,首先保持直立站姿,接着是学会用一只脚倒滑,再换另一只脚,然后再慢慢加速,到这个时候才可以尝试不同的花样。
14.In order to keep balance when skating backwards you should .
A.skate in a scissor gesture
B.use both your feet to scull
C.skate forward first and then backward
D.put most of your weight on the skate with which you are sculling
答案A
解析细节理解题。
根据Confidence Is What You Need一节中的倒数第二句“One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance,then scissor(做剪式运动) your skates.”可知,当你感觉要失去平衡的时候,建议你做剪式移动。
15.The purpose of the text is .
A.to compare different ways of iceskating backwards
B.to introduce the culture of iceskating backwards
C.to explain advantages of iceskating backwards
D.to offer some advice on iceskating backwards
答案D
解析写作目的题。
作者主要从几个方面给出了如何倒滑的建议,这就是本文的写作目的。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations.They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. 16
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 17 So they are called “diseases of civilization”.Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco,probably none. 18 However,a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat,which had much less fat than domestic ones.They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits.They did not have milk or any other dairy products,and they made very little use of grains. 19 We eat six times more salt than our ancestors.We eat more sugar.We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
20 But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did,cutting the amount of fatty,salty and sweet food.
A.Stone Age people lived a simple life.
B.But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.
C.In that case,we would live much healthier.
D.Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.
E.These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.
F.People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors.
G.Modern people used to suffer from “diseases of civilization”.
答案16.C17.E18.D19.B20.F
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Internet seems to have become a necessary part in modern life.This is 21 the Internet has
a lot of 22 .To begin with,the Internet provides people 23 lots of information in a very
24 time.With this easy access 25 the Internet,searching 26 information has become easier than ever before. 27 ,the Internet 28 the way people communicate 29 each other.Email 30 us to write to our friends and 31 letters from our friends cheaply and 32 .Furthermore,the Internet has changed business.Ecommerce(电子商务) enables people to do business and go shopping at home easily and conveniently.Finally,the Internet 33 an important role in people’s education.
34 ,the Internet also has some 35 .Cyber crime causes a great 36 in people’s puter viruses bring us lots of 37 .Trash mail is always a nuisance to everyone.Worst of all,pornography(色情) may do harm to people,especially 38 people.
In a word,every coin has two 39 .But on the whole,it brings people more benefits than harm.It is suggested that a clever use 40 be made of this modern technique for the benefit of all people.
21.A.why B.because
C.whether D.that
答案B
解析根据第一句可知,此处交代网络成为现代生活必不可少的一部分的原因是网络有许多的优点。
22.A.problems B.harm
C.trouble D.advantages
答案D
解析advantage优势,有利条件,符合语境。
23.A.to B.for
C.with D.of
答案C
解析网络的优点之一是能在很短的时间内提供给人们大量的信息。
provide sb.with sth.提供给某人某物。
C.much D.many
答案A
解析in a very short time在很短的时间内。
25.A.of B.to
C.with D.in
答案B
解析由于上网方便,查询信息也变得比以前任何时候都容易了。
access to接近,靠近,是固定搭配。
26.A.to B.for
C.through D.off
答案B
解析search for搜查,寻找。
27.A.As a result B.Luckily
C.So D.Besides
答案D
解析此处表示语气的加强,进一步说明网络的优点。
besides除此之外,而且。
28.A.stops B.keeps
C.changes D.happens
答案C
解析由下文可知,网络也改变了人们的交流方式。
29.A.with B.to
C.for D.by
答案A
解析communicate with sb.意为“和某人交流”。
30.A.lets B.makes
C.has D.allows
答案D
解析我们可以通过电子邮件收发朋友的信件,这既便宜又快速。
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。
31.A.receive B.hear from
C.posts D.brings
答案A
解析receive letters from sb.相当于hear from sb.,意为“收到某人的信”。
C.happily D.sadly
答案B
解析通过电子邮件收发朋友的信件既便宜又快速。
quickly快速地。
33.A.shows B.makes
C.plays D.hides
答案C
解析网络对人们的教育也起着重要的作用。
play a role/part in意为“在……中起作用”。
34.A.But B.Although
C.However D.If
答案C
解析第一部分交代网络的优点,这一部分说明网络的弊端,构成转折关系,应用however。
but是连词,直接连接两个简单句,一般不用标点符号和连接的句子隔开。
35.A.advantages B.suggestions
C.advice D.disadvantages
答案D
解析disadvantage缺点,弊端,符合语境。
36.A.failure B.network
C.keyword D.loss
答案D
解析网络犯罪给人们的财产造成了重大损失。
37.A.results B.trouble
C.inventions D.essays
答案B
解析电脑病毒给我们带来了很多麻烦。
38.A.young B.old
C.rich D.poor
答案A
解析网络上的色情会对人们有害,特别是年轻人。
39.A.sources B.data
C.ways D.sides
答案D
解析每一枚硬币都有正反两面,比喻事物有利就有弊。
40.A.would B.could
C.should D.might
答案C
解析suggest作“建议”讲时,后面的从句要用should引导的虚拟语气。
第Ⅱ卷
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Good afternoon,my dear friends,
My name is Li Jin.I’m outgoing and get 41.on/along well with my classmates and teachers.I am 42.skilled(skill) in organizing all kinds of activities.I’d like to run 43.for the vice president of the English club in our school.I know as the vice president,I must do the 44.following(follow) things for the club:I will try to make 45.it known to every student and more students 46.involved(involve) in the activities organized by the club.Also,47.to improve(improve) our English and get 48.more(many) students interested in English,I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures,English parties and interschool 49.ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests.I hope all of you 50.will vote(vote) for me.
Thank you.
第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One day I told Mr Wang,our maths teacher,was ill.I was sorry for him and went to see him after the school.When I enter his room,he struggled up to welcome me.I let him lay down again.Mr Wang looked pale.I ask about his trouble.He said he was having a bad cold.Then he had a bad cough.After take some medicine he was getting better.He asked me that we liked the teacher who took place.When he heard everything was all right,I could see he was pleasant.Finally I asked him don’t to worry about the work and have a good rest.
答案
One day I
∧
was told Mr Wang,our maths teacher,was ill.I was sorry for him and went to see him
after the\ school.When I
enter
entered his room,he struggled up to welcome me.I let him
lay
lie down
again.Mr Wang looked pale.I
ask
asked about his trouble.He said he was having a bad cold.Then he
had a bad cough.After
take
taking some medicine he was getting better.He asked me
that
if/whether we
liked the teacher who took ∧
his place.When he heard everything was all right,I could see he was
pleasant
pleased.Finally I asked him don’t
not to worry about the work and have a good rest.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
周信芳是中国伟大的京剧表演艺术家,“麒派”艺术创始人。
请结合下面所给的要点信息,用英语写一篇100个词左右的英语短文,简要介绍一下周信芳。
1.1895年1月14日出生于江苏省,1975年3月8日在上海逝世;
2.出生于戏剧世家,6岁开始学习京剧,7岁开始登台,13岁成为京剧名角;
3.一生致力于京剧表演,自创“麒派”唱腔(Qi Style),影响深远。
参考范文
Zhou Xinfang,born on January 14,1895 in Jiangsu Province,was a famous Beijing Opera actor in China.
Born in a family with a tradition of opera performance,Zhou Xinfang started to learn Beijing Opera at 6,and first played on the stage when he was 7.By the time he was 13,he had become one of the most famous actors of Beijing Opera.
He devoted all his life to Beijing Opera and developed his own manner of acting—Qi Style,which was so powerful and popular that it attracted a large amount of audience in our country.
Zhou Xinfang died in Shanghai on March 8,1975,but he inspired and influenced several generations.。