高中英语阅读理解经典试题(含答案)doc

一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy?— Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
（1）Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?
A. Because people tend to center themselves.
B. Because everyone lacks empathy.
C. Because empathy is a strange quality.
D. Because it's better to give than to receive.
（2）Which situation can empathy be used in?
A.When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B.When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C.When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D.When a dancer is dancing to music.
（3）What does the underlined sentence "An empty jug cannot fill a cup" mean?
A.An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B.It's a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C.Adults should set an example to kids.
D.Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
（4）What is the main topic of the passage?
A.How to train kids to have empathy.
B.How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C.How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D.Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

同时说明了同理心的含义，以及如何培养孩子的同理心。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“在一个强调自我满足的世界里，它供不应求。

因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

可知，下一代人被教导要有同理心，因为人们往往以自己为中心。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的”While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see em pathy modeled by the adults around them.“虽然有些孩子天生就有一颗善良的心，但在大多数情况下，孩子们需要看到他们周围成年人的同情心。

故选B。

（3）考查句义猜测。

根据第四段中的”Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.“满足情感需求——当孩子们的情感需求得到满足时，会发生两件事。

他们学习如何满足他人的情感需求，他们被锚定在他们所接受的东西上，这意味着当需求出现时，他们有足够的安全感去给予他人，但首先他们需要接受。

可知，要想孩子们有同理心，必须首先满足他们自己的情感需求。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的”This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“因此，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。

以及文章主要内容为如何教导孩子拥有同理心客栈，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries. Peter Tabichi, 36, a maths and physics teacher at Keriko secondary school in Pwani Village, has won the Varkey Foundation Global Teacher Prize 2019.
Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books. More than 90% of his students are from poor families and almost a third are orphans or have only one parent. Drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, leaving off their studies, young marriages and suicide are common. Students have to walk 7 km along roads that can become impassable in the rainy season to reach the school and the area can be affected by drought and starvation.
Despite only having one computer, a poor Internet connection and a student-teacher ratio of 58:1, Tabichi started a "talent nurturing club" and expanded the school's science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions. His students have taken part in international science competitions and won an award from the Royal Society of Chemistry after using local plant life to generate electricity. Tabichi and four colleagues also give struggling students one-to-one tuition in maths and science, visiting students' homes and meeting their families to identify the challenges they face.
Accepting the prize, Tabichi said Africa's young people would no longer be held back by low expectations." Africa will produce scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs whose names will be one day famous in every corner of the world." he said.
（1）What made Peter Tabichi win the prize in 2019?
A. Giving away $ 1 million to education.
B. Teaching in secondary schools for 36 years.
C. Fighting drought and starvation in Africa.
D. Helping the poorer students in rural Kenya.（2）Why did Tabichi start the "talent nurturing club"?
A. To contribute most of his income.
B. To expand national competitions.
C. To guide students to design research projects.
D. To encourage students to grasp opportunities.
（3）Which of the following best describes Peter Tabichi as a teacher?
A. Independent.
B. Caring.
C. Humorous.
D. Interesting.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. African education cost is expected to get lower.
B. Africa is in desperate need of young scientists.
C. Tabichi is not pleased until he is known worldwide.
D. Tabichi has high expectations for young Africans.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，肯尼亚农村教师彼得·塔比奇由于资助贫困学生获得了世界最佳教师奖。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了100万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学
生。

可推知，助肯尼亚农村贫困学生让彼得·塔比奇赢得了2019年世界最佳教师奖。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Despite only having one computer, a poor Internet connection and a student-te acher ratio of 58:1, Tabichi started a ‘talent nurturing club’ and expanded the school's science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions.”尽管只有一台电脑，网络连接不畅，师生比例为58:1，但他还是创办了一个“人才培养俱乐部”，并扩大了学校的科学俱乐部，帮助学生设计出质量如此之高的研究项目，现在许多学生都有资格参加全国性的竞赛）可知，他创办“人才培养俱乐部”，是为了帮助学生设计一些研究项目。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“A science teacher from rural Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the world's best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖，并获得了100万美元的奖金，他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学生；及第二段中的“Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books.”塔比奇把他80%的收入捐给了设备简陋、人满为患的学校，帮助那些买不起校服和书籍的最贫困学生。

可知，塔比奇将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学校和学生。

由此可知，塔比奇是一个非常有爱心的好老师。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Africa will produce scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs whose names will be one day famous in every corner of the world.” 他说“非洲将培养出科学家、工程师和企业家，他们的名字总有一天会在世界各地家喻户晓。

可推知，塔比奇对非洲年轻人充满了很高的期望。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。

考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
The negative (负面的) health effects of sleep shortages during the week can't be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a new study.
Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.
The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption (代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of inadequate sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.
"If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they're gone when you go back to your routine. It's
very short-lived," said Kenneth Wright, who led the research. "These health effects are long-term. It's kind of like smoking once was — people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be."
Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep — cutting out the optional "sleep stealers" such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic equipment. Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.
（1）What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?
A. The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.
B. Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.
C. People's habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.
D. The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.
（2）Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _________.
A. call on smokers to completely abandon smoking
B. advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke
C. show people have known the harm brought by smoking
D. show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation
（3）What does the underlined word "prioritize" probably mean?
A.Have a low opinion of something.
B.Increase the amount of something.
C.Cut down something that isn't necessary any more.
D.Treat something as being more important than others.
（4）What can be the best title for the text?
A.Weekend Catch-up Sleep Is a Lie
B.Bad Sleep Habits Are Harmful to Health
C.A New Study Has an Unexpected Discovery
D.Advantages and Disadvantages of Catch-up Sleep
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。

人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes”研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险，可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中Kenneth Wright说的最后两句话可知：长期睡眠不足
给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样——人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。

睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样。

也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。

故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。

划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。

由破折后的句意：减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上。

可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。

也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段就说明了文章中心。

第一段段意为：一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。

也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Antarctica has become one of the world's most popular tourist destinations. Since 1969, the average number of visitors to the continent has increased from several hundred to over 34,000 today. All activities in Antarctica are heavily supervised by the Antarctic treaty for environmental protection purposes and the industry is largely managed by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).
The first expedition (探险) to Antarctica with travelers was in 1966, led by Swedish explorer Lars Eric Lindblad. He wanted to give tourists first-hand experience of the ecological sensitivity of the Antarctic environment, in order to educate them and promote a greater understanding of the continent's role in the world. In 1969, Lindblad built the world's first expedition ship, the MS Lindblad Explorer, which was specifically designed to transport tourists to Antarctica.
In 1977, both Australia and New Zealand started to offer scenic flights to Antarctica through Qantas and Air New Zealand. The flights often flew to the continent without landing and returned to the departure airport. The experience was an average 12 to 14 hours with up to 4 hours of flying directly over the continent. The flights from Australia and New Zealand stopped in 1980. It was largely due to the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident on November 28, 1979. In 1994, flights to Antarctica continued again.
Despite the potential dangers and risks, trips to Antarctica continued to grow. According to IAATO, 34,354 travelers visited the continent between 2012 and 2013. Americans contributed to the largest share with 10,677 visitors, or 31.1%, followed by Germans 11.1%, Australians 10.7%, and the British 10.2%. The rest of the visitors were from China, Canada, Switzerland, France and elsewhere.
The cost of a trip to Antarctica can range from as little as $3,000-$4,000 to over $40,000, depending on the scope of transportation, housing, and activity needs. The higher end packages typically involve air transport, on-site camping, and a visit to the South Pole.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "supervised" in Paragraph 1?
A. Protected.
B. Monitored.
C. Supported.
D. Forbidden.
（2）What's Lars Eric Lindblad's original purpose in getting to Antarctica?
A. To make himself the first explorer to go to Antarctica.
B. To transport more and more tourists to Antarctica.
C. To get first-hand experience of precious resources.
D. To let people know the significance of the continent.
（3）What do we know about the flights to Antarctica?
A. They were once cancelled for more than ten years due to dangers.
B. Natural conditions of Antarctica are unable to support their landing.
C. It takes 14 hours to fly from New Zealand to Antarctica directly.
D. Air New Zealand has much success in developing Antarctic tourism.
（4）What can be learned from the passage?
A. It is very convenient for Americans to travel to Antarctica.
B. The travelers usually have 4 hours' sightseeing on the continent.
C. The number of people travelling to Antarctica is increasing.
D. New Zealand is the first country to offer scenic flights to Antarctica.
（5）What's the best title for the text?
A. The development of Antarctica
B. Antarctica, a dream tourist attraction
C. The history of tourism in Antarctica
D. IAATO, a great organization
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了南极洲已经成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一，同时按照时间顺序说明了南极洲的旅游业历史，尽管存在潜在的危险和风险，前往南极洲的旅行仍在增加，以及南极洲之旅的费用情况。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的”by the Antarctic treaty for environmental protection purposes and the industry is largely managed by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).“可知由于南极洲的旅行人数增多，为了保护环境，在南极洲的所有活动都受到《南极条约》的严格监督，旅游业主要由国际南极旅游经营者协会管理。

故可推测划线单词意思为“监督”。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”He wanted to give tourists first-hand experience of the ecological sensitivity of the Antarctic environment, in order to educate them and promote a greater understanding of the continent's role in the world.“他想让游客亲身体验南极环境的生态敏感性，以便教育他们，并促进他们更好地了解南极在世界上的作用。

可知Lars Eric Lindblad去南极洲的最初目的是为了让人们知道南极洲大陆的重要性。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”The flights from Australia and New Zealand stopped in 1980. It was largely due to the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident on November 28, 1979. In
1994, flights to Antarctica continued again.“来自澳大利亚和新西兰的航班于1980年停飞。

这主要是由于1979年11月28日新西兰航空公司901航班的事故。

1994年，前往南极洲的飞行再次继续。

可知飞往南极洲的航班曾经因为危险而被取消了十多年。

故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”Since 1969, the average number of visitors to the continent has increased from several hundred to over 34,000 today.“自1969年以来，到南极洲大陆的平均游客人数已经从几百人增加到今天的34000多人；以及倒数第二段中的”Despite the po tential dangers and risks, trips to Antarctica continued to grow.“尽管存在潜在的危险和风险，前往南极洲的旅行仍在增加。

可知前往南极洲的人数正在增加。

故选C。

（5）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的”The first expedition to Antarctica with travelers was in 1966, led by Swedish explorer Lars Eric Lindblad.“1966年，由瑞典探险家Lars Eric Lindblad带领的探险队首次随旅行者前往南极洲。

以及文章主要内容为介绍南极洲旅游行业的历史，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America's most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. $65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
—$23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.
$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
（1）What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A. The ticket is available on site.
B. It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C. Visitors are forbidden to take photos.
D. The number of visitors is not limited.
（2）How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour tickets in advance?
A. $34
B. $63.
C. $40.
D. $54.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一栋建在宾夕法尼亚州西南部瀑布上的房子——流水别墅。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据In-Depth Tour部分中的”Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.“可知，In-Depth Tour在每日上午十时至下午四时之间开放。

由此可知，早上9:30是不开放的。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Guided House Tour部分中的”Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase“成人- $20.00，预购；以及”Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase“6-12岁的青少年- $14.00，预购，可知，一对夫妇带着一个8岁的女孩买导游房的门票需要花费$20.00*2 +$14.00=$54.00。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要主准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.
Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐)is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I'm surprised by this. Most younger people are in denial (否认)about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance to plan for the future, with increasing time and financial pressures. Those pressures bring sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the money needed to look after our elderly parents.
As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I understand why: they're not sick, and often they don't feel sick. They just need someone—anyone-to talk to.
Although loneliness has no medical classification, the health effects are real: the result of loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings. So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (延长) people's lives, but as
the ratio of pensioners(退休人员)to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to fund that very health service.
Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest meters of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational(两代间的) cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers recognize the duty of someone with an elderly parent the same way they recognize those of someone with a newborn child.
（1）The example of FaceApp is used to _____.
A. prove the popularity of it
B. explain the function of it
C. show the progress of technology
D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness
（2）What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?
A. Desire to have the consultation.
B. Strong feeling of loneliness.
C. Unclear medical issues.
D. Questions to ask doctors.
（3）How can the oldest members be truly helped?
A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.
C. By providing family care.
D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.
B. FaceApp's popularity proves it has no security problems.
C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.
D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。

作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段"FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month. “；第二段中的”...the more interesti ng lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized.“可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。

据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。

它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。

事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。

作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。

所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。

故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with n o particular illness, no clear medical issue. “可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”But loneliness does not come with nearly enough healt h warnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注，选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
The Largest World Fairs of All Time
New York World Fair — New York, 1939
The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博览会) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出现) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors.
Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900
The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自动扶梯) and talking films.
Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan
Expo' 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th century and the second largest in history. Expo 70 had a record attendance of over 64 million visitors, a 40-year record that would not be broken until Expo 2010 in Shanghai. Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.
Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China
Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history, having attracted 73 million people. It also had the highest international participation of any exposition in the world with 246 countries participating. The opening ceremony featured the biggest LED screen in the world as well as one of the biggest fireworks displays in history.
（1）Which Expo is the biggest one in history?
A. Expo 70 — Osaka. Japan.
B. Exposition Universelle — Paris
C. Expo 2010 — Shanghai, China.
D. New York World Fair — New York
（2）What is the purpose of New York World Fair?
A. To attract more inventions.
B. To improve the nation's economy.
C. To display the technological development.
D. To share achievements with other countries.（3）What did Expo 70 in Japan feature?
A. A piece of rock from space.
B. A rocket in the Apollo 12 mission.
C. The cultural heritage from countries.
D. The biggest LED screen in the world.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有史以来最大的世界博览会。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China部分中的“Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history”可知，2010年上海世博会是历史上规模最大的一届世博会，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据New York World Fair —New York, 1939部分中的“aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment.”可知，纽约世博会的目的是通过吸引外资来缓解国内经济萧条，也就是改善国家经济，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan部分中的“Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.”可知，第70届日本世博会的特色是展出了阿波罗12号带回来的一大块月球岩石，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g. "I volunteer because it's important to me") to an external factor (e.g. "I volunteer because I'm required to do so"). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.
Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track。