高一下册期中考试英语在线测验完整版(2023年河南省郑州市中牟县)

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You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind. First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let’s start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down. Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but
you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
【1】What should you consider first while sailing?
A. Wave levels.
B. Size of sails.
C. Sailors’ strength.
D. Wind directions.
【2】What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The boat.
B. The wind.
C. The sail.
D. The angle.
【3】What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?
A. Tack the boat.
B. Lower the sail.
C. Move in a straight line.
D. Allow the sail to flap.
【4】Where can you probably find the text?
A. In a physics textbook.
B. In a tourist guidebook.
C. In a popular magazine.
D. In an official report.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】C
【3】A
【4】C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了帆船运动的一些常识，进行
帆船运动必须掌握风向，风向决定着帆船的运动速度。

后文分别就顺风行驶、侧风行驶和逆风行驶进行了阐述。

【1】根据第二段中的“First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?””可知风向是决定帆船最重要因素。

【2】根据文章中的“you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动).”可知it指代the sail。

【3】根据文章最后一段中的“It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking.”所以选A。

tack the boat意为：改变船航向。

【4】帆船运动是普通的一种体育运动，因此，本文很可能从流行杂志中节选。

Hong Kong is among the cities which have the largest populations in the world, but with night skies around 1,000 times brighter than globally accepted levels, it gains a bad reputation(名声) for its light pollution.
A study by Hong Kong University found that brightness levels in the southern Chinese city's popular shopping district of Tsim Sha Tsui were
1,200 times greater than the international dark sky standard.
The crowded city of 7 million people, full of residential(住宅的) high-rises, towering office blocks and neon(霓虹灯) advertisements has no laws to control outdoor lightning.
The result is that light pollution is thought to be much worse than in other large cities, including London, Sydney, Tokyo and Shanghai.
“In Hong Kong, you can't go anywhere outdoor in the evening without your eyes being blinded by this really upsetting outdoor lightning,” the light pollution survey's head Jason Pum told AFP.
“The fact that we have all this light in the sky means energy is wasted,” he said, adding that too much artificial lightning also affects nightly wildlife.
Research has suggested that light pollution can cause a number of harmful health problems in humans, including sleeplessness and headaches and can also affect body clocks and hormones(荷尔蒙).
The university's survey, the result of five million measurements taken from points across the city, was released just days before the start of the yearly Earth Hour event, organized by the World Wildlife Fund.
People around the world will be encouraged to turn off the lights for an hour on Saturday night to advertise climate change. Last year, a number of Hong Kong's major buildings along Victoria Harbour went dark to mark Earth Hour.
“Anyway, we should do our best to reduce the amount of lightning and suit it to the benefit of the environment.”
【1】If you walk out at night in Hong Kong, you can see all those things except ______.
A.neon advertisements
B.residential buildings
C.a dark sky with many stars
D.high office blocks
【2】Which of the following statements about too much lightning is NOT true?
A.Too much lightning means wasting energy.
B.It can make the city more beautiful at night.
C.It may have a bad effect on nightly wildlife.
D.It can do great harm to human beings' health.
【3】We can know from the passage that__________
A.Earth Hour is simply organized to reduce pollution.
B.light pollution is the biggest problem in Hong Kong.
C.light pollution is the primary causes of sleeplessness.
D.light pollution in Hong Kong is among world's worst.
【4】What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph? A.Ways to reduce light pollution B.Causes of light pollution
C.Worries about light pollution
D.Bad effects of light pollution
【答案】
【1】C
【2】B
【3】D
【4】A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，香港是世界上人口最多的城市之一，但是光污染非常严重，给人们已经环境都带来了严重的问题，所以应该提倡地球一小时来减少光污染。

【1】
推理判断题。

根据第三段的“The crowded city of 7 million residents(居民), full or residential high-rises, towering office blocks and neon(霓虹灯) advertisements, has no laws to control outdoor lightning.”可以看出，这个七百万居民的拥护城市，到处都是高耸的办公大楼，霓虹灯广告，没有去控制外面闪烁的这些灯光的法律。

到处都是灯光，所以可以推出，在香港的夜空是看不到有星星的黑暗天空。

故选C。

【2】
细节理解题。

根据第六段的“The fact that we have all this light in the sky means energy is wasted.”可知，在天空中存在的这些灯光是能源上的浪费，故A是正确的；另外“adding that too much artificial lightning also affects nightly wildlife.”可以看出，太多的人靠光也会影响野生的动植物，故C是正确的；又因第七段的“Research has suggested that light pollution can cause a number of harmful health effects in humans”可知，研究显示，光污染也导致了大量的对人体产生危害的因素，故
D是正确的；而B选项It can make the city more beautiful at night.是来说使城市在夜间更加美丽，是与全文相悖的，因此是错误的选项，故选B。

【3】
细节理解题。

根据第一段的“Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated (人口密集的)cities in the world, but with night skies around 1,000 times brighter than globally accepted levels, it gains a bad reputation for its light pollution.”意思为：香港是世界上人口最密集的城市之一，但是这个城市晚上的亮光是世界可接受水平的1000倍，它得到了一个光污染的坏名声。

根据第四段The result is that light pollution is thought to be much worse than in other large cities, including London, Sydney, Tokyo and Shanghai.其结果是，人们认为光污染比伦敦、悉尼、东京和上海等其他大城市严重得多。

所以可以看出，香港的光污染是世界上最严重的，故选D。

【4】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“Anyway, we should do our best to reduce the amount of lightning and adjust it for the benefit of the environment.”可知，无论如何，我们都应尽我们最大的努力去减少光污染，使之有利于我们的环境。

由此判断出下文应该告诉我们减少污染的具体的方法是什么，故选A。

Reports tell us that Americans work more and vacation less than people in other major developed countries. Still millions of Americans do try to get away from home for a week or two in the summer months. Some might even have the time and money to spend longer on vacation.
For example, many retired(退休的) Americans can be found driving around the United States in big recreational vehicles, known as R.V's. These serve as a home away from home. In fact, It might even be their only home as they see the country.
Some American families get in their cars and drive to historic places like Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia. There, they can experience what life was like for early Americans. If that is not exciting enough, also in Williamsburg is a water park and an amusement park with rides.
Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone or Yosemite out in the West. They want to spend time with nature. Or they take their vacation by a lake or the ocean. They might swim or fish. But many just want to sit and enjoy the feeling of doing nothing, except maybe reading a book.
Some families fly to other countries on vacation. Or they go on a cruise ship and stop in different ports. Cruise ships are like floating cities.
But not everyone goes someplace special on vacation. This might be the
only time for people to work on things like home improvement projects. And while they do that, they might think of all the fun their friends are having.
【1】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Not all Americans take summer vacations.
B.Americans enjoy more work and less vocation.
C.Where Americans go on their summer vacations.
D.Different places have different summer vacations.
【2】If you want to spend time with nature, you can do the following things except______.
A.to visit historic places
B.to see the country
C.to stay by a lake
D.to visit national parks
【3】Which of the following is NOT true?
A.People choose different places depending on different interests.
B.All the people just do nothing but relax themselves for vacations.
C.Not all Americans can afford time and money to go on a vacation.
D.People interested in history can have fun in Colonial Williamsburg.【4】What does the underlined sentence of the passage mean?
A.They think of their work at home as a special kind of vacation.
B.They can imagine what fun their friends are having on vacation.
C.They fully enjoy doing their work on home improvement projects.
D.They might admire their friends for having time going on vacation.
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【3】B
【4】D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

本文讲述了美国人比其他工业城市的人工作时间多，而休息时间少。

当他们休息时，大部分家庭会选择在暑假离开家去旅游一两周，甚至更长的时间，通过不同的方式去各个地方感受不一样的旅行快乐。

文章主要介绍了不同的美国人夏季度假的不同方式。

【1】
主旨大意题。

根据第一段Reports tell us that Americans work more and vacation less than people in other major developed countries. Still millions of Americans do try to get away from home for a week or two in the summer months. Some might even have the time and money to spend longer on vacation.可知报告告诉我们，美国人比其他主要发达国家的人工作更多，休假更少。

然而，在夏季的几个月里，仍有数百万美国人试图离开家一两个星期。

有些人甚至有时间和金钱花更长的时间去度假。

结合本文讲述了美国人比其他工业城市的人工作时间多，而休息时间少。

当他们休息时，大部分家庭会选择在暑假离开家去旅游一两周，甚至更长的时间，通过不同的方式去各个地方感受不一样的旅行快乐。

文章主要介绍了不同的美国人夏季度假的不同方式。

故
C项“美国人夏季去哪度假”作为文章标题最佳。

故选C。

【2】
细节理解题。

根据第四段Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone or Yosemite out in the West. They want to spend time with nature. Or they take their vacation by a lake or the ocean. They might swim or fish. But many just want to sit and enjoy the feeling of doing nothing, except maybe reading a book.可知其他美国人则去西部的黄石国家公园或约塞米蒂国家公园。

他们想与大自然共度时光。

或者他们在湖边或海边度假。

他们可能会游泳或钓鱼。

但很多人只是想坐下来享受无所事事的感觉，也许除了看书。

由此可知，如果想接近自然，你可以去参观国家公园，或呆在湖边或去海边玩耍，甚至可以读书，而A选项“参观历史古迹”不属于接近自然的方式，故选A。

【3】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的But not everyone goes someplace special on vacation. This might be the only time for people to work on things like home improvement projects.可知，并不是每个美国人都会在假期放松自己去各个地方旅游，有些人也许只有在假期才能进行他们的家庭改进工作。

故B选项“度假的时候，人们什么也不做，只是放松一下自己”不正确。

故选B。

【4】
词义猜测题。

根据上文But not everyone goes someplace special on vacation. This might be the only time for people to work on things like
home improvement projects.可知，有的美国人会在假期进行家庭改进的工作，而这些人是不能出去旅游的，由此可推断出，划线词表达的意思是他们可能会羡慕他们的朋友有时间去旅游。

故选D。

The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine(女主角) in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other forever. He sent his camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.
The next morning he said to the men, “Have you provided me with that sunset?” “No, sir,” the men answered.
The director was angry.
“Why not?” he asked.
“Well, sir,” one of the men answered, “we're on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.”
“But I want a sunset!” the director shouted. “Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one.”
But then a young secretary had an idea. “Why don't you photograph a
sunrise,” she suggested, “and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset.”
“That's a very good idea!” the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, “Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea.”
The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. “Here it is, sir,” they said, and gave it to him. He was very pleased.
They all went into the studio. “All right,” the director explained, “now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them.”
The “sunset” began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.
The birds in the film were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.
【1】One evening, the director sent his camera crew out ______.
A.to film a scene on the sea
B.to try to please the audience
C.to watch a beautiful sunset
D.to find an actor and an actress
【2】Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?
A.Because he was angry with his crew.
B.Because it was his secretary's
suggestion.
C.Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset.
D.Because he wanted to fire his foolish crew.
【3】After the “sunset” began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands ______.
A.as he was satisfied with what the crew filmed
B.as he saw everything in the film moving backwards
C.as the hero's and heroine's performance disappointed him
D.as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imagined
【答案】
【1】A
【2】C
【3】B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述了一位知名导演为拍摄日落画面而引发的滑稽故事。

【1】
细节理解题。

由第一段“He sent his camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.”可知，导演让拍摄人员去拍摄日落的场景。

故选A 项。

【2】
细节理解题。

由“ “But I want a sunset!” the director shouted. “Go to the
airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one.” ”可知，导演让拍摄人员去西海岸是为了可以拍到日落的画面。

故选C项。

【3】
细节理解题。

由“ The “sunset” began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop. The birds in the film were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.”可知，看到拍摄的日落画面之后，导演很奔溃。

是因为画面中的所有东西都在倒退。

鸟在倒着飞，海浪从海滩上退回去了。

故选B项。

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中的两项为多余选项。

What is a dream?For centuries,people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep.【1】However,they have been valued as necessary to a person’s health and happiness.Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically,believing that they tell about a person’s character.【2】He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears,which would be socially unacceptable in real life.The
second theory to become popular was Carl Jung’s compensation theory.Jung,a former student of Freud,said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something,but to communicate it to the dreamer.【3】Thus,people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling;those who think too little of themselves dream of being ing more recent research,William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans.【4】Until they reach age five,they cannot express very well what their dreams are about.Once people become adults,there is little or no change in their dreams.The dreams of men and women are different.For instance,the characters that appear in the dreams of men are often other men,and often involve physical aggression.The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand.【5】If you dream that a loved one is going to die,do not panic.The dream may have meaning,but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.
A.It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.
B.However,people should not take their dreams as reality.
C.Children do not dream as much as adults.
D.Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.
E.First,there was Sigmund Freud’s theory.
F.They think their mind is trying to tell them something.
G.They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.
【答案】
【1】G
【2】E
【3】D
【4】C
【5】B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

本文分析了人们的梦境的真实性以及很多人对梦的看法和观点。

【1】
根据下句“However,they have been valued as necessary to a person’s health and happiness.”可知,这些梦也被认为是关乎人们健康与快乐的必要事物。

根据这里的however,说明前面一句的内容应该是人们也许会认为梦是没有意义的事情,故G项“他们被认为是毫无意义的夜间旅行。

”符合语境。

【2】
根据第三段的“The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung’s...”可知,此处应该是第一点,故E项“首先是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的理论。

”符合语境。

【3】
根据下句“Thus,people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling;those who think too little of themselves dream of being
heroes.” 因此，那些自视过高的人可能梦想着堕落，而那些自视过低的人梦想着成为英雄。

选项承接下文。

故D项“梦境弥补了在现实生活中所缺少的东西”符合语境。

【4】
解析:根据下句“Until they reach age five,they cannot express very well what their dreams are about.” 5岁之前，他们不能很好地表达自己的梦想是什么。

可知,这里叙述的是关于孩子的话题。

故 C 项“孩子不像成年人那样爱做梦。

”符合语境。

【5】
根据下句“If you dream that a loved one is going to die,do not panic.The dream may have meaning,but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.” 如果你梦到心爱的人即将死去，不要惊慌。

这个梦可能有意义，但它并不意味着你所爱的人将要死去。

选项承接下文。

故B 项“我们不要把梦境当成真的事情。

”符合语境。

完形填空
There was once an ant that was very _______ . It ran here and there looking for some water but could not find any. Then suddenly, when the ant was almost _______ to die of thirst, a large drop of water fell on it. The ant _______ the water, which saved its life.
The water was _______ a tear from a young girl who was _______ . Because of her sadness, the tear had magical qualities and suddenly the ant could _______ the language of human beings.
The ant looked _______ and saw the young girl sitting in front of a huge pile of seeds.
“Why are you sad?” asked the ant. “I'm the _______ of a giant.” the girl told the ant. “He won't let me go_______I've made three separate heaps(堆) of grain, barley and rye out of this ________ pile of seeds in which they are all ________together.” “That will ________ you a month!” the ant said, looking at the huge pile of ________. “I know,” the girl cried, “and if I haven't finished ________ tomorrow, the giant will eat me for his ________ !” “Don't cry,” the ant said, “my ________and I will help you.” ________ thousands of ants were at work, ________ the three kinds of seeds.
The next morning, when the ________ saw that the work had been done, he let the girl go.
Thus it was one of her tears that ________ her life.
【1】A.hungry B.thirsty C.angry D.sleepy
【2】A.ready B.amazed C.willing D.similar
【3】A.ate B.took C.drank D.rescued
【4】A.slightly B.gradually C.exactly D.actually
【5】A.crying B.singing ughing D.sleeping
【6】e B.say C.tell D.speak
【7】A.up B.down C.over D.around
【8】wyer B.partner C.prisoner D.customer
【9】A.after B.until C.before D.since
【10】A.huge B.rare C.loose D.valuable
【11】A.buried B.crowded C.mixed D.surrounded 【12】A.pay B.take C.cost D.spend
【13】A.nuts B.debts C.seeds D.medals
【14】A.in B.by C.on D.for
【15】A.tea B.wife C.slave D.supper
【16】A.friends B.parents C.sisters D.brothers
【17】st te C.Just D.Soon
【18】A.weighing B.separating C.selecting D.transporting 【19】A.ant B.boy C.girl D.giant
【20】A.cost B.lost C.saved D.wasted
【答案】
【1】B
【2】A
【3】C
【4】D
【5】A
【6】D
【7】A
【8】C
【9】B
【10】A
【11】C
【12】B
【13】C
【14】B
【15】D
【16】A
【17】D
【18】B
【19】D
【20】C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

记叙了一只蚂蚁因为喝了一滴女孩的眼泪，而救回了自己的命，结果蚂蚁又反过来帮助了女孩的故事。

【1】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：从前有一只蚂蚁非常口渴。

A. hungry 饥饿的；B. thirsty口渴的；C. angry愤怒的；D. sleepy困的。

根据后文to die of thirst可见蚂蚁是渴了，故选B。

【2】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：突然，当蚂蚁准备要渴死的时候，一大滴水落在了它的身上。

A. ready准备好的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. willing 乐意的；D. similar相似的。

根据前文It ran here and there looking for some water but could not find any可知蚂蚁因为找不到水，正准备要渴死了。

故选A。

【3】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：蚂蚁喝了水，水救了它的命。

A. ate吃；
B. took带走；
C. drank喝；
D. rescued救援。

结合后文the water, which saved its life.可知是喝下了水。

故选C。

【4】
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：这滴水实际上是一个正在哭泣的小女孩的眼泪。

A. slightly轻微地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. exactly恰好地；D. actually实际上。

结合后文可知蚂蚁喝下的水实际上（actually）是一个女孩的眼泪。

故选D。

【5】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：这滴水实际上是一个正在哭泣的小女孩的眼泪。

A. crying哭泣；B. singing唱歌；C. laughing大笑；D. sleeping 睡觉。

因为是女孩的眼泪，可见这个女孩在哭，故选A。

【6】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：因为它的悲伤，眼泪有了神奇的性质，突然蚂蚁能说人类的语言。

A. use使用；B. say说，强调说的内容；C. tell 告诉，指把事情说出来让别人知道；D. speak说话，强调说的能力。

根据后文the language of human beings可知此处指这只蚂蚁可以说人类的语言，强调说某种语言的能力应用speak。

故选D。

【7】
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：蚂蚁抬起头，看见一个年轻的女孩正坐在一大堆种子前。

A. up向上；B. down向下；C. over在上；D. around 围绕。

根据后文句子saw the young girl sitting in front of a huge pile of seeds可见蚂蚁很小，因此是抬头看的，故选A。

【8】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我是一个巨人的囚犯。

A. lawyer律师；B. partner伙伴；C. prisoner犯人；D. customer顾客。

根据后文句子the giant will eat me for his可知女孩是巨人的囚犯。

故选C。

【9】
考查连词词义辨析。

句意：直到我把这堆混合在一起的种子分成谷物、大麦和黑麦三堆，他才会放我走。

A. after在……之后；B. until直到；
C. before在……之前；
D. since自从。

此处为短语not…until表示“直到……才……”。

故选B。

【10】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：直到我把这大堆混合在一起的种子分成谷物、大麦和黑麦三堆，他才会放我走。

A. huge巨大的；B. rare稀有的；C. loose松散的；D. valuable有价值的。

根据第三段中in front of a huge pile of seeds可知这是三大堆种子。

故选A。

【11】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：直到我把这堆混合在一起的种子分成谷物、大麦和黑麦三堆，他才会放我走。

A. buried埋葬的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. mixed混合的；D. surrounded被……环绕着的。

结合后文蚂蚁帮女孩分种子，可推知种子是混在一起的。

故选C。

【12】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：“那要花你一个月的时间!”蚂蚁看着那一大堆种子说。

A. pay支付；B. take花费，常用于take sb sometime“花费某人多长时间”；C. cost花费，物做主语；D. spend花费，人做主语。

本句是分开这些粮食要花费她一个月的时间，根据上文That will可知应用take sb sometime，指“花费某人多长时间”。

故选B。

【13】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：“那要花你一个月的时间!”蚂蚁看着那一大堆种子说。

A. nuts坚果；B. debts债务；C. seeds种子；D. medals奖章。

根据前文pile of seeds可知这里是指种子，故选C。

【14】
考查介词辨析。

句意：“我知道，”女孩叫道，“如果明天之前我还没完成，巨人就会把我当晚餐吃掉!”A. in在里面；B. by到……之前，借助；C. on在上面；D. for为了。

结合后文tomorrow, the giant will eat me 可推知是指“到明天之前”应用介词by。

故选B。

【15】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：“我知道，”女孩叫道，“如果明天之前我还没完成，巨人就会把我当晚餐吃掉!”A. tea茶；B. wife妻子；C. slave
奴隶；D. supper晚餐。

根据上文the giant will eat me for his可知女孩没完成这件事的话，巨人就会把她当晚餐吃掉，其他选项不符合语境。

故选D。

【16】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：蚂蚁说:“我的朋友和我将帮助你。

”A. friends 朋友；B. parents父母；C. sisters姐妹；D. brothers兄弟。

根据后文thousands of ants were at work可知蚂蚁叫来了自己的朋友帮忙。

故选A。

【17】
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：很快，成千上万的蚂蚁开始忙碌起来，把三种种子分开。

A. Last最近；B. Late晚；C. Just仅仅；D. Soon很快。

结合后文女孩在第二天早上就完成了工作，可知很快这些蚂蚁的朋友就来了，开始把种子分开。

故选D。

【18】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：很快，成千上万的蚂蚁开始忙碌起来，把三种种子分开。

A. weighing称重；B. separating分开；C. selecting挑选；D. transporting运输。

根据上文I've made three separate heaps可知把种子按照巨人的要求分成了三堆，故选B。

【19】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：第二天早上，当巨人看到工作已经完成，他让女孩走了。

A. ant蚂蚁；B. boy男孩；C. girl女孩；D. giant巨人。

根据前文the giant可知这个巨人看到这一切让女孩走了，故选D。

【20】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：因此，正是她的一颗眼泪救了她的命。

A. cost花费；B. lost失去；C. saved拯救；D. wasted浪费。

根据上文which saved its life可知，是女孩的一滴眼泪挽救了她的命，故选C。

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dogs are 【1】very popular pet. Most of them just live with their families. But some dogs have very special jobs to do. A group of dogs 【2】(know)as 'Therapy Dogs(治疗犬) '. These dogs are family pets with special training, 【3】allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people in need. The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet. 【4】(Loudly) noises and unfamiliar places don't frighten them. They enjoy spending time 【5】people.
Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes. When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered too. They look forward to 【6】(they)visits. The dogs help to make their day bright. Therapy dogs can improve people's health as well. Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood pressure and heart rates go 【7】.
They are calmer and their mood 【8】(improve).
Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries. They serve as warm and caring 【9】( friend) to children, but they also do more. In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children's reading buddies(搭档). The dogs make a great audience. The children enjoy 【10】(read) to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.
【答案】
【1】a
【2】are known
【3】which
【4】Loud
【5】with
【6】their
【7】down
【8】improves
【9】friends
【10】reading
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了有着特殊用途的狗-治疗犬。

它们能给病人带来心理上的安慰，能成为孩子的朋友。

【1】
考查冠词。

句意：狗是一种非常受欢迎的宠物。

根据句意可知，此处
是泛指一类动物，应用不定冠词，又very是辅音音素开头，故填a。

【2】
考查语态。

此处是句子谓语动词，结合语境判断为一般现在时，主语dogs和know之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，be known as“作为……而出名”，主语dogs是复数，故填are known。

【3】
考查定语从句。

分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词special training在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。

【4】
考查形容词。

分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词noises，故填Loud。

【5】
考查介词。

此处是固定短语spend time with sb.“和某人一起度过”，故填with。

【6】
考查代词。

分析句子可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词visits，故填their。

【7】
考查副词。

句意：研究发现，当人们爱抚动物时，他们的血压和心率会下降。

根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语go down“下降”，故填down。

【8】
考查主谓一致。

分析句子可知，and连接了两个并列的句子，故此处应用谓语动词，根据are判断为一般现在时，主语their mood是不可数名词，谓语动词用三单现形式，故填improves。

【9】
考查名词。

分析句子可知，此处应填名词作为介词as的宾语，由厅they判断用friend的复数形式，故填friends。

【10】
考查动名词。

根据短语enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，此处应用动名词作为enjoy的宾语，故填reading。

改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其正下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（∧）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词正下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词，请严格按照要求格式修改。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I talked to Frank, and I found that he loved reading. From his
childhood, he developed the habit of carry a little book in his pocket. He got used reading whenever he had anything else to do. He found the book was especially useless during the periods of waiting: waiting for meals, buses, doctors, haircuts, and even telephone calls. That was how he find himself fifteen minutes a day in reading. And that was why he read twenty books a year —one thousand book all his lifetime!
【答案】1. and去掉
2. carry→carrying
3. used后面加to
4. anything→nothing
5. the→a
6. useless→useful
7. find→found
8. in→for
9. why→how
10. book→books
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

作者和Frank交谈中，发现Frank喜欢读书，从他童年起，他养成了口袋里装一本小书的习惯。

只要有时间他就读书，这就是为什么他一年读二十本书，一辈子读一千本书的原因。

1.考查简单句。

前面有when引导时间状语从句，I found that he loved reading.为主句，不用连词and。

故and去掉。