2019-2020学年成都双流中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年成都双流中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
When Rich Jean wanted to help his daughter, Abigail, learn to read, he took her to the library near their home in Brooklyn, N. Y. That's where they met Hasina Islam, who Jean says arose her interest in reading and the library.
“You see what you started? You see that spark that you put in this child?” Jean told Hasina Islam at aStoryCorpsconversation in 2016. At the time, Abigail was 7 and Islam was 27. Their friendship began when Abigail was 3. Through the years, Islam has offered book suggestions that Abigail has read with great enthusiasm. “What's cool is that Hasina has recommended a lot of books that I, at the time, thought might be a little too advanced for you," Jean told Abigail. “Like Charlie and the Chocolate Factory." Abigail said.
Islam's own love of the library was sparked when she was in the third grade. She lived near the main branch of the Queens Public Library in New York City, and she went there to research Henry Hudson, an English explorer, for a school project.
"The librarian made me feel so special. She remembered my name, and my favorite thing was that she gave me book recommendations," she said." When I was graduating from college, I thought about how I was going to make a difference in the world. And I remembered my librarian，and I remembered that feeling that she gave me every single time I went to the library. ”
4. When might Abigail and Hasina Islam first meet?
A. In 2012.
B. In 2016.
C. In 2018.
D. In 2020.
5. What do we know about Charlie and the Chocolate Factory from the text?
A. It was Islam's favorite book.
B. It might be hard for Abigail.
C. It was a best seller at that time.
D. It was important for Abigail.
6. How did Hasina Islam help Abigail?
A. By offering books to her.
B. By reading together with her.
C. By giving advice on books.
D. By introducing great libraries.
7. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Islam's special college life.
B. Islam's working experiences.
C Islam's living conditions. D. Islam's reasons for loving library.
C
New research has shown that loneliness may affect ants to a greater extent than many other living creatures.
It has long been known that loneliness can lead to a shorter life. In humans, it has even been found to be a driver of high blood pressure, sleep disorder, and depression that’s independent of factors like age, race, gender, weight and economic status.
However, loneliness has never been identified as a factor that can cut human lifespan by more than a small part of the average. Ants, on the other hand, appear to be far more sensitive to this stress, with loneliness leading to a surprising 91 percent reduction in lifespan.
That’s at least according to a study that details how “lonely” ants only live up to six days on average. Ants living in a community, on the other hand, were found to live up to about 66 days.
In a series of experiments where ants were picked from their colonies (群体) and separated, they were found to continuously walk without rest,consuming far more energy than they could ever.
The reason for the behavior is that an isolated ant is simple trying to get back to its colony at all costs, and doesn’t know what to do without its nest mates. After all, many entomologists (昆虫学家) would argue that an ant colony is far more a single living entity (实体) than its members.
If you were to take a single part from a clock, it would simply move aimlessly as well, running without a purpose. However, while there is a difference between aimlessness and loneliness, the researchers found that the latter affects lonely ants more directly.
The study indicated that ants can’t even eat alone, as they normally collect some of the food they gather in the field in a specialized organ called a crop.This crop is normally shared with other ants back at a nest,but as for a single ant, it simply just sits there, undigested and useless.
8. How does loneliness influence a person?
A. It can make him very tired of himself.
B. It can leave him in conflict with others.
C. It can lead to him being very independent.
D. It can cause him to suffer from poor health
9. What can be learned from the experiments?
A. Most ants can live about 6 days on average.
B. Lonely ants can become very restless.
C. Human beings are similar to ants in some way.
D. Lonely ants seem to be violent and impatient.
10. Why does an isolated ant walk non-stop?
A. It attempts to return to its colony.
B. It wants to attract other ants to form a colony.
C. It hopes to make signals to its mates.
D. It has to find more food to survive.
11. The author mentioned a clock in the passage_________.
A. to show ants have a biological clock in the head.
B. to prove ants are a well-regulated community.
C. to stress ants are really highly social animals.
D. to compare aimlessness with loneliness.
D
A teenager in Georgia will no longer have to walk 7 miles to work after school thanks to one woman’s act of kindness.
Jayden Sutton, a high school senior, went on foot each day from school to his job at a restaurant and then back home. Sutton was determined to work and make enough money to eventually buy his own vehicle.
Sutton said he’d leave school at 3:30 pm, then walk miles to his job at the restaurant. After his work, which usually lasted six to eight hours, he walked home, sometimes not arriving back until almost midnight.
That all changed when Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. “The young man was insistently in a rush walking to work, saying ‘I can’t be late,’” Myers said. “He begged me to give him a ride. I told him I could take him as far as I was going. I began to create small talk along the way. It wasrevealedto me that his name was Jayden, 12th grader, worked 40 hours a week, walked 5 miles to work immediately after school, got off
at 10:30 pm at night and walked back home another 5 miles if co-workers didn’t offer a ride.”
After dropping Sutton off, Myers said his heart and determination filled her with tears. “He was smiling in good spirits and that’s a child worth blessing,” she told Fox News. So, Myers shared Sutton’s story on the GoFundMe page, which raised more than $ 9, 000 from 186 donors.
She surprised Sutton with a new car after she managed to convince the general manager to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the budget.
12. Why did Sutton work so hard in his spare time?
A. To gain working experience.
B. To pay for his education.
C. To own a car.
D. To support his family.
13. What difficulty did Sutton have in his work at the restaurant?
A. He worked longer than other workers.
B. His work was too tiring.
C. His job was much less paid.
D. He had to walk to work.
14. What does the underlined word “revealed” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Known.
B. Attached.
C. Believed.
D. Limited.
15. What do we know about the money donated online?
A. It could buy more than a new car.
B. It was not enough to buy a new car.
C. It was given to Myers to buy herself a new car.
D It mainly came from a car sales manager.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项As a child, being sent to bed early seemed like the biggest punishment you could possibly get, but nowadays we know better. A good night's sleep ensures that you feel fit duringthe day, and it is therefore not an unnecessary luxury. Are you not sleeping well at night?____16____Fortunately, there are some small things you can do to help you sleep better at night.
Don't drink that cup of coffee in the evening.
It can be so nice to have a cup of coffee after dinner, but if you have trouble falling asleep in the evening, it is best to avoid “the cup of comfort”.____17____Even if you've always been able to handle caffeine (咖啡因) well, it can still cause some sleep problem.
Take more magnesium (镁).
____18____Eating magnesium-rich foods can help you sleep better at night. Some examples of this are fish, chicken, bananas and leafy vegetables.
____19____
If you want to be indreamland by eleven o'clock, it sounds a bit extreme to put your phone away at eight o'clock. It takes some time getting used to, but according to lifestyle website, Her, it makes a big difference.
Create a playlist with calming music.
Some enjoy phone checking before going to sleep, but you could also listen to calming music before going to bed.____20____Instead of talking on the phone before you go to bed, listen to the calming music you have chosen, and you will fall asleep a lot more relaxed.
A. Then you know how annoying this can be.
B. You can make a list of your preferred songs.
C. Put your phone away three hours before bed.
D. Good bedding also promotes your night's sleep.
E. We all know that caffeine can keep us awake at night.
F. It can be nice to take a quiet moment before bed with a cup of coffee.
G. Some studies find a link between poor sleep and insufficient intake of this element.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively dislike work and will do anythingto___21___it. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives.Theory Y is the view that everyone has the___22___to find satisfaction in work. Both of them are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity(僵化）of the model.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the___23___, many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,___24___, that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed fromabove without___25___. This, of course, makes for autocratic (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of managing people. Unlike___26___management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative___27___of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to___28___to this process. This is management by the collective opinion.
Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general___29___. Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional___30___managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to___31___employees to use their own initiative, to makedecisions on their own without asking managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing:___32___the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be___33___with just a top levelof senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has___34___been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to___35___that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization,___36___less.
Another trend is off-site or___37___management, where teams of people___38___by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers___39___the performance of the team members___40___what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
21. A. neglect B. avoid C. overwhelm D. emphasize
22. A. potential B. privilege C. principle D. perseverance
23. A. contrary B. measure C. extent D. extreme
24. A. vice versa B. by coincidence C. for instance D. or else
25. A. procedure B. consultation C. submission D. regulation
26. A. irreplaceable B. ridiculous C. democratic D. authoritarian
27. A. domain B. nature C. quantity D. alternative
28. A. sacrifice B. subscribe C. contribute D. cater
29. A. approval B. objection C. election D. practice
30. A. aggressive B. superior C. experienced D. male
31. A. infuse B. persuade C. urge D. expose
32. A. estimating B. reducing C. attaining D. zooming
33. A. left B. surrounded C. flooded D. satisfied
34. A. tremendously B. thoroughly C. ultimately D. conventionally
35. A. assume B. claim C. guarantee D. abolish
36. A. apart from B. other than C. rather than D. owing to
37. A. visual B. virtual C. inadequately D. occasionally
38. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure
39. A. visual B. virtual C. ineffective D. available
40. A. in terms of B. for the sake of C. compared to D. in spite of
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As the COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) continues to spread____41.____(global), young people in China care for the well-being of their young friends across the world and are trying to deliver messages of love and care in____42.____(variety) ways now.
As a partof the project “We Are Always Together in Weal and Woe”, a new program has recently been launched by China Soong Ching Ling Foundation,____43.____has collected 85 letters____44.____(write) by students from 17 middle schools in Beijing to young people in pandemic-stricken (疫情重创下的) countries. These letters are shown____45.____the form of sand paintings and have been made into a series of short____46.____(video) titled A Letter to Friends.____47.____project “We Are Always Together in Weal and Woe” is hosted____48.____supported by China Soong Ching Ling Science & Culture Center for Young People. More works____49.____(produce) by Chinese young people in the near future, aimed_____50._____(send) support and blessings to more countries.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Two years ago, my friend Tom devotes himself to pet cure work. He and his pet dog naming Angel would go to the hospital three time every week. Angel was such clever that all the patients liked her, especially the kids she had worked with them. One day, a man who lost his ability to move asked to train his muscles with pet Angel by his doctor. For everyone's amazement, the man succeeded at last. The man's wife was very excitedly so she bought a lot of delicious food to treat Angel, what made Angel quite happy. Up to now, Angel has helped the number of people in need.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

School mornings were always busy. The first sentence I usually heard was. "It's time to rise and shine!" It was my mother's loudest voice. and there was no way I could ignore it or hide from it.
"Okay, Mom. I am getting up and dressed!" When I got up. Mon's loudest voice rose again as she announced, " Breakfast is ready!" By then, the house was filled with the good smell of breakfast and I couldn't help getting to the kitchen fast enough.
“Thanks, Mom! This is my favorite,” I said, enjoying the dishes.
Mom replied, “You are welcome, my dear. Now grab your lunch bag and books. The school bus will be here any minute!" My sisters and I ran out to the bus stop as we grabbed our lunch bags that contained a sandwich, fruit and dessert.
Then one day, to my surprise, there was no dessert in my lunch bag. I looked through every part of my lunch bag, and even turned it upside down. My dessert just wasn't there. What could have happened to it? Did Mom forget to make it? “Well," I thought, "it's only one time, so it's no big deal." But for the next several days, my lunch bag contained no dessert. So one day as soon as I got home from school, I asked Mom if she forgot to put a dessert in my lunch bag.
Mom was surprised and responded, “Why? I have been including a dessert in your lunch bag every day. If you are not getting them, then who is?"
Soon when I reviewed my activities and schedules in school, I found Carl-the terror of the third grade. No one liked him in his class because he was rough, often fighting with other boys. Now even worse-he was a thief. "He must be punished," I said angrily. But my Mom seemed to be not angry at all.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After knowing everything about Carl, my Mom told me her way to solve this problem.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Carl was touched and asked me if he could visit my house and thank my mother.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
16. A 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. B
21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32.
B 33. A 34. D 35.
C 36. C 37. B 38.
D 39. D 40. A
41. globally
42. various
43. which 44. written
45. in 46. videos
47. The/This
48. and 49. will be produced
50. to send
51.(1).devotes→devoted (2).naming→named (3).time→times (4).such→so (5).删除worked with后的them (6).在asked前加was (7).For→To (8).excitedly→excited (9).what→which (10).the→a
52.略。