高中英语Module1SmallTalkSectionⅠ 学案含解析外研版选修6

Module 1 Small Talk
Ⅰ.Small Talk的特点
Ⅱ.A psychologist test—How good are your social skills?
1．Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognize?
Yes.( ) No.( )
2．Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest?
Yes.( ) No.( )
3．Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know?
Yes.( ) No.( )
4．Are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country?
Yes.( ) No.( )
5．Are you brave enough to talk to a foreigner you meet in the supermarket?
Yes.( ) No.( )
开启快乐学习之旅
一、Small Talk的作用
您有没有这样一种经历？在朋友的宴会上，在乘坐火车时，或在旅途中，面对陌生的朋友，出于胆怯、拘谨，相视无语，无从谈起，双方都觉得尴尬、窘迫。

在这种场合下，我们需用Small Talk技巧打破僵局(break the ice)，如谈谈天气、讨论影视人物、议议体育运动、交流一下网络见闻等等。

二、Small Talk的步骤
Small Talk大致分为五个主要步骤：问候，引入话题，扩展话题，发出结束信号，再见。

刚开始时，可以从简单的自己熟悉的话题开始，再慢慢尝试其他话题。

三、Small Talk四个基本技巧
Look, Listen, Ask和Remember。

常言说得好：“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，面对面交流时，
“看”在Small Talk时是绝对不可缺少的，通过看可以观察对方的身体语言，并可进行“Eye Contact”；“听”对方使用的词汇和语调来理解对方的态度；“问”可以提出疑问，更好地了解对方并且延伸引入的话题；“记”住交流的信息，以便将来交流时参考。

模块核心素养导航
SectionⅠIntroduction & Reading and Speaking
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．lack v. 缺乏，缺少
2．nod v. 点头
3．impolite adj. 不礼貌的
4．opportunity n. 机会
5．informal adj. 非正式的→formal adj. 正式的
6．serious adj.严肃的→seriously adv. 严肃地
7．confidently adv.自信地→confident (of) adj.自信的→confidence (in) n. 自信
8．advance adj.预先的，在前的→advanced adj. 先进的，高级的
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．make_friends 交朋友，建立友谊
2．(be)_nervous_about 对……神经紧张/害怕
3．think_of 想起，回忆起
4．body_language 身体语言，肢体语言
5．look_away_from 把目光从……移开
6．social_rules 社交规则
7．in_addition 除此之外
8．find_out 了解到，找出信息
9．lack_the_confidence 缺少自信
10．have/get/make_sth._ready 做好准备
11．do a little advance planning 提前做好计划
12．be prepared 准备好
13．keep good eye contact 保持好的目光接触
14．develop your listening skills 发展你的听力技能
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．而且这些(技能)是很容易学习的。

And they are easy to learn.
2．具有良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样交谈。

People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation.
3．和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时。

Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours.
课文预读
How Good Are Your Social Skills?
Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking①to someone you recognise? Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently② to every guest? Do you want to make more friends③ but lack④ the confidence to talk to people you don't know⑤？ And are you nervous about⑥ the idea of being at a social event in another country? Don't worry—we can help you!
You needn't⑦worry about situations⑧like these if you have good social skills. And they are easy to learn⑨. People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation⑩. It helps if you do a little advance planning⑪.
Here are a few ideas to help you.
Learn how to do small talk
Small talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations ⑫. Be prepared! Have some low­risk⑬ conversation openers ready. For example：·think of⑭a recent news story—not too serious, e．g. a story about a film star or sports star
·think of things to tell pe ople about your studies
·think of “safe” things you can ask people's opinions about⑮—music, sport, films, etc.
·think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers⑯—and avoid talking about them! That way⑰， you don't damage your confidence!
①avoid doing sth.避免做某事
avoid后接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式。

②confidently /'kɒnfɪd ntli/ adv.自信地
③make friends交朋友，建立友谊
make friends with 与……交朋友
④lack/læk/ v．缺乏，缺少
⑤you don't know为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词people。

⑥(be) nervous about对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯
⑦needn't没有必要，不必
⑧situation n．情景，情形
⑨be easy to learn 易于学习
⑩have a conversation 交谈
⑪advance /əd'vɑːns/ adj.预先的，在前的
do planning 做计划，做准备
⑫prepare sb. for sth.使某人对某事有所准备
⑬low­risk adj.低风险的，不太会出错的
⑭think of想起，回忆起
⑮you can ask people's opinions about为定语从句，修饰things。

引导词that或which在从句中作about的宾语，在此被省略。

⑯that you would avoid...为定语从句，修饰先行词topics; if从句中be动词用了were，这是虚拟语气的用法。

⑰that way作方式状语，其前面省略了介词in。

⑱develop vt.提高，使……发展；培养；培育；开采；冲洗
⑲which引导定语从句，修饰a skill。

⑳two­way adj.双向的
21process n．过程
○
22involve v．涉及，牵连，常用involve doing sth.表示“涉及做某事”。

○
be involved in 卷入……中，涉及
be involved with 和……有联系
23impress v．给……留下印象
○
impress sth. on sb.使某人了解某事
impress sb. with sth.某事给某人留下印象
24encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的，激励的
○
encouragement n．鼓舞，鼓励，支持
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励/激励某人做某事
25nod /nɒd/ v．点头
○
26contact n. & v．联系，接触
○
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
27body language 身体语言，肢体语言
○
28ask for要求，询问ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
○
29yawn /jɔːn/ v．打呵欠
○
30sigh /saɪ/ v．叹气，叹息
○
31look away from把目光从……移开
○
32subject n．话题；主题
○
subject还可意为“学科，科目，课程；主语”。

33Prime Minister 首相
○
34social rules社交规则
○
35for example表示举例说明，可以位于句首、句中或句末。

○
36you don't need to后省略了arrive on time，动词不定式符号to不可省略。

○
37in addition除此之外，另外；若带宾语，须先接介词to。

○
38if you don't want to后省略了take things。

○
39a certain＋单数名词，表示“某一种(个)……”。

○
40find out了解(到)；找出(信息)
○
译文助读
你的社交技能有多高？
你是否做过这样的事情：看见认识的人以后，故意过马路以避免与其说话？你是否愿意参加聚会并自信地和每位来宾交谈？你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？你是否一想到要在别的国家参加社交活动就觉得忐忑不安？别担心——我们能帮助你！
如果你具备了良好的社交技能，你就不用担心这样的情景。

而且这些技能是容易学习的。

具备良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样交谈。

要是预先做些准备，将会对你有所帮助。

下面为帮助你出些主意。

学会怎样聊天
聊天是很重要的，并能帮助你为一些更严肃的谈话做准备。

有备无患！准备一些不太会出错的开场白。

例如：
·想出一个最近的新闻故事——不要太严肃，譬如，一个有关电影明星或体育明星的故事
·想出一些有关你学习的事情告诉别人
·想出一些“不会出错”的事情询问别人的意见——音乐、体育、电影等
·想出一些和陌生人谈话时要回避的话题——并且要避免谈论这些话题！那样，你的自信心就不会被伤害了！
提高倾听的技能
倾听是大多数人所缺乏的技巧，而交流是双向的过程——它包括说和听两个方面。

永远记住——话太多并不会给人留下怎样的印象。

下面是一些使你成为更好的倾听者的建议：做下面的事情……
·用一些鼓励的声音和姿势表示你正在倾听——微笑、点头、说“嗯”或“对啊”之类的话等等
·保持得体的目光接触
·使用积极肯定的肢体语言
·询问更多的信息表示你的兴趣
不要做下面的事情……
·看自己的手表
·打呵欠
·叹气
·把目光从正跟你说话的人身上移开
·改变话题
·替别人把话说完
要牢记19世纪英国首相本杰明·迪斯累里的话：“和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！”
学习规则
如果你在另一个国家去参加一个社交场合，要记住会有不同的社交规则。

例如，在一些国家，你得准时参加聚会；而在另一些国家就不需要。

另外，你需要知道该待多久，以及在何时必须离开。

有的主人希望能得到鲜花或小礼品，而在另一些地方你可以给主人送东西，但如果你不想送就没有必要送。

还有，要记住在有的国家你绝不能带某种颜色的鲜花，因为
那是不吉利的。

在大多数地方，参加聚会不必带礼物——但你得事先弄清楚！
课文理解
StepⅠ Fast reading
1．What's the main idea of the text?
The passage is about social skills. It tells us how to do small talk, develop your listening skills and learn the rules.
2．Match the following parts with their main idea.
Part 1(Paras.1～3) A．Develop your listening skills
Part 2(Para.4) B．The introduction of the main idea of the passage
Part 3(Paras.5～8) C．Learn how to do small talk
Part 4(Para.9) D．Learn the rules
答案：Part 1－B；Part 2－C；Part 3－A；Part 4－D
StepⅡ Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．According to the passage, which skill do most people lack during communication?
A．Listening. B．Speaking.
C．Body language. D．Eye contact.
答案：A
2．What can we learn from what Benjamin Disraeli said?
A．When talking with each other, never talk about other people.
B．When talking with each other, talk more about other people.
C．Talking more about the one who is talking to you helps make a good conversation.
D．Talking more about yourself will impress others in the conversation.
答案：C
3．It is advised in the passage that before going to a social occasion in a foreign country, you should ________.
A．find out the social rules of the country first
B．prepare flowers or a gift
C．make sure you arrive on time
D．prepare flowers of a certain color
答案：A
4．Which of the following can we infer from the passage?
A．Social skills are of great help for interpersonal relationships.
B．Communication involves only speaking.
C．For small talk, you'd better have some low­risk conversation openers ready.
D．We'd better talk as much as possible at social events.
答案：A
5．Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?
A．It is important for you to remember different social rules if you go to a social occasion in another country.
B．Listening is a skill which is as important as speaking.
C．Learning some good social skills and having a good preparation for the topics can help you have a conversation at any social event.
D．When you are talking to a man, you'd better talk as much as possible.
答案：C
StepⅢ After reading
You might cross the road to avoid __1__ (talk) to someone you recognise, or you would love to go to a party and talk __2__ (confident) to every guest. You needn't worry about situations like these if you have good social skills. People with good social skills communicate well and know how __3__ (have) a conversation. It helps if you do a little advance __4__ (plan)．
Small talk is very important and __5__ (prepare) you for more serious conversations. Ha ve some low­risk conversation openers ready. And __6__ (listen) is a skill __7__ most people lack, but communication is a two­way process—it involves __8__ (speak) and listening. Always remember—you won't impress people __9__ you talk too much.
If you go to __10__ social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different.
1．talking 2.confidently 3.to_have 4.planning
5．prepares 6.listening 7.which 8.speaking 9.if 10.a
1 lack v.缺乏，缺少n.缺乏，不足常与of连用，有时前面可加不定冠词a
派生词：lacking adj.缺少的，缺乏的，不足的
(教材P2)Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know?
你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？
[归纳拓展]
(1)lack sth.缺乏某物
lack for nothing 什么也不缺
(2)(a) lack of... 缺乏……
for/through lack of... 因缺乏……
(3)be lacking in 不足，没有，匮乏，缺乏
[品读高考]
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)He lacks motivation.
他缺少动机。

[经典例句]
I lack words in which to express my thanks.
我难以用语言来表达我的感谢。

They are so rich that they lack for nothing.
他们非常富裕，什么也不欠缺。

She seems to be totally lacking in common sense.
她似乎一点常识都没有。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①Lack of vitamin B is making him seriously ill.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
③Lacking (lack) money, he lived a simple life.
2advance adj.预先的，在前的n./v.前进；促进，提出，发展
派生词：advanced 先进的，高级的
(教材P2)It helps if you do a little advance planning.
要是预先做些准备将会对你有所帮助。

[归纳拓展]
advance on/towards sb./sth.向……前进
in advance (＝ahead of time) 事先
in advance of... 在……前面；比……进步
make advances/an advance in在……方面取得进展
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Advance reservations required.
提前预定是必要的。

[经典例句]
It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential.
这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。

It's impossible for us to beat AlphaGo, an advanced robot.
对于我们来说，击败阿尔法围棋——一款先进的机器人是不可能的。

The strikers advanced towards/on us, shouting angrily.
罢工的人愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。

There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years.
在过去十年里，医学取得了巨大的进步。

[语境串记]
With the help of the advanced technology, we can complete the task in advance.
在高科技的帮助下，我们可以提前完成这项任务。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①If you tell me in advance, I will have your order ready for you.
②The date of the meetin g has been advanced (advance) from Friday to Monday.
③Thanks to the advanced (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.
1 look away from把目光从……移开
(教材P3)look away from the person who's talking to you
把目光从正跟你说话的人身上移开
[归纳拓展]
look out for 当心……；提防……
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look back on 回顾；回忆
look down upon 看下面，俯视，轻视；瞧不起
look forward to 盼望，期待
look up 向上看，仰视；查找
look into 调查，研究
look through 翻阅；浏览；看透
[经典例句]
Hearing the noise, they looked away from their books.
听见喧闹声，他们的目光从书本上移开了。

We must not look down on/upon those who have lagged behind.
我们千万不要瞧不起落后的人。

I like to look back on my high­school days,which were the happiest in my life.
我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①He quickly looked away from me and pretended not to have seen me.
②It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of two missing children.
③I often look up the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
2 in addition除此之外，另外
(教材P3)In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave.
另外，你需要知道你该待多久，还有该在何时离开。

[辨析比较] in addition, in addition to
in addition 副词短语，表示“此外”，在句中作状语。

与besides (adv.), what's more 同义
in addition to 介词短语，to后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“除了……之外(还)”。

从意义上讲，相当于as well as或besides (prep.)
[品读高考]
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials.
除了提供季节性特色菜以外，我们的咖啡馆还提供了午餐和小吃。

[经典例句]
You need money and time. In addition, you need diligence.
你需要钱和时间，除此之外，你还需要努力。

In addition to my studies, I got involved in lots of social activities.
除了学习以外，我还参加许多社交活动。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①Dr Bake is a professor in physics. In addition, he is a famous writer.
②In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
3 be nervous about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯
(教材P2) And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country?
你是否一想到要在别的国家参加社交活动就觉得忐忑不安？
1feel nervous about 对……紧张不安
be nervous of
因……而紧张
2feel nervous 感到紧张
get nervous 变得焦躁不安
make sb. nervous 使人烦躁不安
[品读高考]
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Som e of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.
我们中的一些人自信，渴望参加班级活动；而其他人紧张和焦虑。

[经典例句]
I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
对于明天的全国英语演讲比赛我感觉非常紧张。

I'm extremely nervous about missing the train.
我非常担心我会赶不上火车。

Anything could make me nervous. I was so uneasy.
任何事情都可以让我烦躁不安，我也太心绪不宁了。

[辨析比较] nervous, anxious, eager
nervous 特指在陌生的环境或重大事情发生前的那种害怕、紧张的感觉，相当于very afraid
anxious 指等待不确定结果时感到焦虑、担心，构成be anxious about sth.
eager 表示重大事件发生前兴奋和激动的心情，构成be eager for sth.
[即学即练]单句语法填空
①I'm very anxious about the speech contest.
②When my own son was five years old, I became eager for another baby.
③I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.
1 People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation.
具备良好社交技能的人能很好地和别人交流并且知道怎样聊天。

how to have a conversation属于“特殊疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语。

该结构的重要用法：
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ ①该结构可作主语、宾语、表语、宾补和同位语②疑问词可以是除了why 之外的所有疑问词③可接该结构作宾语的动词有decide ， discuss ， explain ， know ， learn ， show ， teach ， tell ， wonder 等
[品读高考]
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
成功闲聊的关键是学会如何和其他人联系，而不仅仅是和他们交流。

[经典例句]
Where to hold the meeting is not known yet.
在哪里开会还不知道呢。

(主语)
Li Lei will advise you whether to accept the job .
你是否该接受这份工作，李雷会给你建议的。

(宾语)
She had no idea how to help the old man .
她不知道该如何去帮助那位老人。

(同位语)
[即学即练]完成句子 ①When and where to hold the meeting hasn't been decided yet. 在哪里什么时间举行会议还没有决定下来。

②He told us whether to have a picnic was still under discussion. 他告诉我是否举行野餐仍然处于讨论之中。

2 Here are a few ideas to help you.下面为帮助你出点主意。

(1)本句是完全倒装句，主语是a few ideas 。

to help you 作定语，修饰a few ideas 。

(2)当表示地点、时间或方位的副词放在句首而且句子的主语是名词时，通常将谓语动词提到主语前构成倒装句式。

完全倒装句常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

[归纳拓展]
详析副词引起的倒装
1当主语是代词时不倒装。

2常见用于完全倒装的副词有：here ； there ； now ； then ； up ； down ；in ；out ；away ；off 等。

[经典例句]
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车开来了。

Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。

In came a girl, wearing a white skirt with two long pigtails.
进来一个小姑娘，留着两个长辫子，穿着白色裙子。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①Then came (come) the moment we had been looking forward to.
②At the top of the mountain stand (stand) two temples.
3 Talk to a man about himself， and he will speak to you for hours！
和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！
该句是一种常用固定句型，即“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，意为“做某事，那么/否则就会……”。

and/or前面的祈使句表示一个条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，而and/or 后面的句子表示一种结果。

掌握此句型结构，需注意两点：中间的连词常为and或or；连词后的陈述句的时态多用将来时态。

[归纳拓展]
1祈使句＋破折号＋另一分句
2名词短语＋and/or＋陈述句
[经典例句]
Use your head, and you will find a way.
动动脑筋，你就会想到一个办法的。

Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.
人必自敬，然后人敬之。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
①Work hard and you will succeed.
②One more minute and I will finish my homework.
③Try (try) some of this juice—perhaps you'll like it.
④Hurry (hurry) up, or you will miss the train.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We have an informal (非正式的) agreement to ride to school together.
2．It is a pity that he failed to catch the opportunity (机会)．
3．The enemy forces were advancing (前进) against our defense works.
4．She greeted her neighbor with a nodding (点头)．
5．He needs money. In addition (另外), he needs total devotion.
6．The project was in vain for lack (缺少) of money.
7．She is quite confident (自信) that she will get work for herself.
8．Be serious (严肃的) for a moment; this is important.
9．She is certain (确信) that the young man has gone mad.
10．What are you sighing (叹气) for?
Ⅱ.选词填空
1I never see the picture but I think_of my college years.
2．I am determined to find_out the rights and wrongs of this matter. 3．Hiking is good sports. In_addition,_it is great fun.
4．She looked_away_from her computer and smiled at me.
5．We never knew for_certain how it happened.
6．We are_certain_of your success, so be confident of yourself.
7．It is better to get to the airport in_advance_of at least a hour. 8．Helen is a very shy girl and does not make_friends easily.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．Follow the advice of the doctor, and you'll be well very soon.(同义句转换) →If you follow the advice of the doctor, you'll be well very soon.
2．If you don't keep quiet, I'll report you to Mr Li.(同义句转换)
→keep quiet,_or I'll report you to Mr Li.
3．It is difficult to find work at present.(同义句转换)
→Work is difficult to find at present.
4．I have no idea of how I should do it.(同义句转换)
→I have no idea of how to do it.
5．How do you like our school？(改为what引导的句子)
→What do you think of our school?。