2018年高考英语一轮复习 基础考点聚焦 Unit 13 People 北师大版必修5

Unit 13 People
话题：家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family，friends and people around)
1.invite vt.邀请
2.reward v.奖赏
3.pressure n.压力
4.creative adj.富有创造力的
5.outstanding adj.杰出的
6.friendly adj.友好的
7.admire v.钦佩；欣赏
8.attitude n.态度
9.confidence n.自信
10.harmony n.和谐
11.devote v.奉献
12.take care of 照顾
13.be tired out 筋疲力尽
14.bring up 抚养
15.behave oneself 举止规矩
16.be pleased with 对……满意
17.lose heart 灰心；泄气
18.look down upon 看不起
19.be upset about 对……感到难过
20.be patient with... 对……耐心
1.Much to my regret, I will not be able to go to attend your birthday party this evening. 让我非常遗憾的是，我今晚不能去参加你的生日派对了。

2.Since he graduated from college, he has been doing some research to increase rice harvest.
自从大学毕业，他就一直做研究来提高大米产量。

3.Not only do his great achievements deserve my admiration, but his attitude towards life impresses me a lot.
不仅他伟大的成就值得我敬佩，他对生活的态度也给我留下了深刻印象。

(2017·福建四校联考)假如你是李华，国际学校的教师Paul邀请你星期六参加该校举行的“中国文化日”活动。

但你爷爷突然生病住院，你要和父母一起去医院探视，不得不谢绝他的邀请。

请根据下列要点用英语给Paul写一封电子邮件。

要点：1.谢绝邀请；2.说明理由；3.预祝活动成功。

Dear Paul，
Thank you very much for inviting me to attend the “Chinese Culture Day” to be held at your school this Saturday. I have been looking forward to it. I believe it will give your students more ideas about Chinese culture and will be great fun. However，much to my regret，I shall not be able to make it now. My grandpa suddenly fell ill and is in hospital. I will visit him with my parents on Saturday.
I feel it a great pity to miss the opportunity to be with your students. I wish the activity a great success and hope I will have another chance to join you in the future.
1．weakness n．弱点，缺陷
2．phrase n. 短语，词组
3．mental adj. 内心的；精神病的
4．senior adj. 高级的
5．uniform n. 制服
6．facial adj. 面部的
7．chain n. 链条；一连串的事物
8．gifted adj. 有天赋的
9．academic adj. 学术的
10．sharp adj. 敏锐的；锋利的；尖的
11．characteristic n. 特点，特性
12．airline n. 航空公司
13．assistant n. 助手；助理
14．fault n. 缺点；错误
15．astronomy n. 天文学
16．grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的
1．assessment n. 评估
2．previous adj. 以前的，过去的
3．positive adj. 积极的
4．emergency n. 紧急情况
5．accurately adv. 精确地，准确地
6．predict vt. 预言，预测
7．deserve vt. 应得，值得
8．entirely adv. 完全地
9．accuse vt. 控告，谴责
10．desire n. 渴望，欲望
11．harvest n. 收获
12．aboard prep. 在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上
13．broken adj. 断的，破的
14．glare vi. 怒视，瞪
15．upset adj. 不安的，不快的
16．account n. (银行)账户
1．strength n．长处，优势→strengthen v．增强，加强→strong adj.强壮的；强健的
2．appropriately adv.适当地→appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的
3．associate vt.联想，联系→associated adj. 有关联的，相关的→association n．联想；协会
4．concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)→concentration n．专心，专注
5．expression n．表情；词语→express vt.表达；表示→expressive adj.富于表情的；有表现力的
6．connection n．联系；连接→connect vt.联系；连接
7．description n．描述，形容→describe v．描写，描述
8．failure n．失败→fail vi.失败
9．possibility n．可能性→possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地
10．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立
11．satisfaction n．满意，满足→satisfy vt.使满意，使满足→satisfied adj.感到满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的
12．requirement n．要求→require vt.要求
13．relief n．减轻，宽慰→relieve v．使安慰；缓解
14．confirm v．证实→confirmation n．证实
15．judge vt.评判→judgement n．判断，判断力
16．companion n．同伴，伴侣→company n．陪伴
17．devote vt.专心致志于，献身于→devotion n．奉献→devoted adj.献身的；忠诚的
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
1．The man is very strong and he has enough strength to climb the mountain，for he has been doing exercise to strengthen his body.(strong)
2．I have never associated the plan with Mr.Green.To be honest，I don’t want to be associated with Mr.Green.I’d like to carry out the plan in association with a modest person.(associate)
3．Catherine threw up her arms in an expressive gesture and I knew that she would start to express herself.In my opinion，her beauty was beyond expression．(express)
4．From his satisfied expression，I knew that he was very satisfied with the experiment.In other words，the result of the experiment was satisfying．(satisfy) 5．Lucy is devoted to her music and she has devoted too much time to it.Meanwhile，she also shows devotion to the poor and the disabled.(devote)
1．come__up__with 提出，想出
2．concentrate__on 集中于；专注于
3．talk__sb.into__doing__sth. 说服某人做某事
4．draw__up 起草
5．end__up 结果为……；以……结束
6．on__the__other__hand 另一方面
7．in__terms__of 就某事来说；从某个角度上看
8．be__willing__to__do__sth. 愿意做某事
9．react__to 对……作出反应
10．deal__with 处理，对付
11．glare__at 怒视
12．can’t__help__doing__sth. 情不自禁地做某事
13．to__be__honest 说实话
14．be__devoted__to 奉献，致力于
15．compared__to/with 和……比较起来
[选用上面的短语填空]
I paid a visit to my friend Mark yesterday.When I got to his house，he was busy
1.drawing__up an important plan.He mistook me for his wife，which made me laugh.Mark is a person who always
2.concentrates__on his work.
pared__with his colleagues，he is weaker in
4.dealing__with all kinds of people.However，he often
es__up__with a good idea when we get into trouble.
1．It is generally believed that...人们普遍认为……
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.
【仿写】人们普遍认为信息技术既有优点又有缺点。

It__is__generally__believed__that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.
2．There is no/little doubt that...是固定句式，意为“毫无疑问……”
On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations...
【仿写】毫无疑问，我们必须尽全力对抗雾霾。

There__is__no__doubt__that we should try our best to fight against the haze.
3．I dislike it when...，it作形式宾语，when引导的从句作真正的宾语
I really dislike it when ...
【仿写】我不喜欢人们嘴里含着饭说话。

I__dislike__it__when people talk with their mouths full.
4．that’s why...“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句
Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and that’s why the letter never arrived.
【仿写】2016年的电影《寒战2》很振奋人心，那就是我喜欢它的原因。

The film Cold WarⅡ in 2016 was exciting.That’s__why I liked it so much.
5．if anything是一个省略句，意为“如果有什么不同的话”
If anything，it made me even angrier.
【仿写】我想要说有什么区别的话，她家比我家有钱。

I think her family，if__anything，was richer than mine.
过去分词和表示推测的情态动词
单句语法填空
1．The light is on and our teacher must be__correcting(correct) our exam papers.
2．Lucy would__have__arrived(arrive) here on time but she was caught in a traffic jam.
3．The road is very wet.It must__have__rained(rain) last night.
4．The old man went into the room, supported(support) by his wife.
5．She is talking with a young man dressed(dress) in white under that big tree.
strength n．[U]力量，体力；[C]长处，优势，强项
(2015·四川高考书面表达)Besides, Chinese has always been my strength among all the subjects.
此外，中文一直是我所有课程里的强项。

(1)build up one’s strength/body强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
The strength of...is that... ……的优点是……
(2)strengthen vt.&vi. 加强
(湖北高考)To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses. 为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。

Practising Chinese kungfu can not only build up one’s strength，but also develop one’s character. 练中国功夫不但能增强体质，而且还能培养一个人的品质。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)The strength of his diet is that__it contains plenty of vitamins and fibre.
(2)As far as I know, repairs are necessary to__strengthen(strength) the bridge.
(3)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well, you know, English is my strength(strengthen)．So it is my best choice.
[能力提升]——高考小作文
(4)(福建高考书面表达)如果我们像一家人一样团结在一起，互相照顾，帮助那些需要帮助的人，我们就能创造奇迹。

团结就是力量。

We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring__for__each__other__and__helping__those__in__need.Unity__is__strength．
concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)
(教材P5)Excitement makes you pay attention and concentrate on what you are studying.
兴奋会使你专心于你所学习的东西。

(1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事
concentrate/fix/focus one’s mind/attention/energy on... 集中注意力/致力于
(2)concentration n.集中；专心
We must concentrate/fix/focus our attention on urgent problems.
我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。

(2015·陕西高考)Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time，fed，dressed and ready to lear n.
前面的几代人致力于让孩子按时入学、吃饱、穿暖、爱学习。

表示“专心致志于……”的表达方法还有：be devoted to；be buried in；be absorbed in；apply oneself to；put one’s heart into等。

[巧学活用]——一句多译
你若集中精力学习英语，你就会掌握这门语言。

(concentrate)
(1)If you concentrate__(your__mind/attention/yourself)on English, you will master the language.(用if条件句)
(2)Concentrate__(your__mind/attention/yourself)__on English, and you will master the language.(用：祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
(3)Concentrating(your__mind/attention/yourself)on English will enable you to master the language.(用动名词)
(4)Concentrating__your__attention__on English, you will grasp the language.(用
现在分词)
deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；应得，值得
(经典例句)The players had been training so hard that they deserved to win the medals in Rio in 2016.
这些运动员一直非常刻苦地训练，他们值得在2016年里约赢得奖牌。

deserve to do... 应该做……；值得做……
deserve to be done＝deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
You’ve been working all the morning.I think you deserve to have a rest.
你已工作了一个早上，我想你该休息一下了。

In my opinion，her suggestion deserves consideration/to be
considered/considering，for it is very practical.
我认为她的建议值得考虑，因为这个建议很实用。

deserve to be done与deserve doing用法相同，动名词的主动形式表被动意义，用法相同的单词还有need，want，require等。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to__be__respected(respect)．
(2)Maria is constantly making efforts; she deserves to__achieve(achieve) the goal of entering the key university.
[能力提升]——高考小作文
(3)(广东高考写作)无论一个工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着重要作用，因此值得我们的尊重。

No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore__deserves__our__due__respect．
accuse vt.控告，谴责
(教材P9)Accused of stealing money，the man was brought to court.
那个人因被指控偷了钱而被带上法庭。

accuse sb.of (doing) sth. 因……而控告某人
charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控某人……
blame sb.for (doing) sth. 为某事而责备某人
scold sb.for (doing) sth. 为某事而批评某人
punish sb.for (doing) sth. 为某事而惩罚某人
The star has been accused of doing good things only to acquire a good
reputation.
那位明星被指责做好事的目的只是在沽名钓誉。

Her son was charged with cheating in the examination，which made her very angry.
她的儿子被指控考试作弊，这让她很生气。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)This morning Jack was blamed for being late for school.
(2)The woman was charged with abusing her step­son and was arrested.
(3)He was in low spirits，for he was scolded by his father for breaking the vase.
(4)The woman was angry at her son failing in the exam, but she didn’t punish him for it.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(5)The man was fired because he was accused of stealing computers from the factory.
→Accused__of__stealing__computers__from__the__factory，the man was fired.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
desire n．渴望，欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要vi.渴望
(经典例句)We always desire to live in peace with all the other countries in the world.
我们一直希望与世界上其他国家和平相处。

(1)have a desire for sth./to do...
渴望得到……/做……
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
desire that... 渴望……[that从句中用
(should＋)do]
Devoted to her career, she has no desire to become a wife and mother.
奉献于事业，她没有欲望做妻子和母亲。

The organizer said that anyone desiring to vote must come to the meeting.
组织者说，任何想投票的人都必须来参加会议。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)We desire you to__complete(complete) the work within one month of the start date.
(2)We desire that immediate help(should)be__given(give)to the villagers trapped by the flood.
(3)(2015·湖南高考单项填空)I had a strong desire to__reach(reach) in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。

(4)Each student in our class has__a__desire__to__go__to__a__famous__university．(desire n．)
(5)Each student in our class desires__to__go__to__a__famous__university．(desire vi.)
(6)Each student in our class desires__that__they__(should)__go__to__a__famous__university．(desire vt.)
upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的，不快的；不适的
vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱
(教材P12)Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.
他们的朋友真的很不安，一直在焦急地等待更多的消息。

(1)be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心
(2)upset oneself about sth. 使某人为某事烦恼
It upsets sb.that... 让某人心烦的是……
(2015·广东高考)I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why.
我通常会变得非常烦躁，总是问他为什么会这样。

In my opinion，there is no point in getting upset about/over/at it.
依我看来，为此事烦恼没有任何意义。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Don’t upset yourself__(you) about it—no harm has been done.
(2)He stood up suddenly, upsetting a cup of coffee on my shirt, which made him
upset．(upset)
[能力提升]——一句多译
(山东高考书面表达)我曾经不擅长英语，掌握词汇少，语法也差，这确实使我伤心。

(3)Once I was not very good at English. I didn’t know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which__really__upset__me．(upset vt.)
(4)Once I was not very good at English. I didn’t know enough words and my grammar was also poor，and it__really__made__me__upset．(upset adj.)
relief n．减轻，宽慰，轻松；解脱；消除；缓和
(教材P12)It’ll be a real relief when they’re found.
当找到他们后的确会令人很宽慰。

(1)to one’s relief使某人宽慰的是
with relief 宽慰地
(2)relieve v.解除；减轻；缓和
relieve sb.of 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)
(2016·全国卷甲语法填空)Whatever it is, make sure it’s a relief from daily
stress rather than another thing to worry about.
无论什么事情，都要确保这件事是缓解日常压力而不是另一件让你担心的事情。

We breathed a sigh of relief when the missing boy was sent home.
失踪的孩子被送回了家，我们长舒了一口气。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)To her relief(relieve)，someone had found the keys and handed them in.
(2)Just at that time a man came up to her and offered to relieve her of her suitcase.
(3)“You’ll really need that break to help you recover，”laughed his mother with relief.
[能力提升]——一句多译
听说你安然无恙地回来了，我们就都放心了。

(4)To__our__relief，we heard that you came back safe and sound.(to one’s relief)
(5)It’s__a__relief__for__us__to__hear you came back safe and sound.(It’s a relief...)
account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．(银行)账户；说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
(2016·上海高考选词填空)He believes design must take into account the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste.
他认为设计必须要把天然的知觉考虑在内，如：视觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉。

(1)on account of 因为，由于
take account of/take...into account＝take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
on no account 决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(2)account for 说明(原因等)；做出解释；
占……(比例)
The woman couldn’t work much when she was young on account of her children.
这个女人因为孩子的缘故年轻时没大能去工作。

A number of factors account for the differences between the two scores.
若干因素导致了这两个分数之间的不同。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)If you take everything into account，we actually spend less now.
(2)The player dropped out of the team on account of his injury.
(3)Together they account for less than five per cent of the population.
(4)(2015·福建高考)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of
a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。

(5)I sincerely hope that you will take__my__suggestions__into__account. (account)
(6)I sincerely hope that you will take__account__of__my__suggestions. (account)
(7)I sincerely hope that you will take__my__suggestions__into__consideration. (consideration)
(8)I sincerely hope that you will consider__my__suggestions．(consider)
judge vt.& vi.判断；评价；判决；评判
n．裁判员；法官；评判员
(2016·江苏高考)The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions.
网络使我们能够与其他很多人交换想法来检查我们的主张、判断我们的行为。

(1)judge...from/by... 从……来判断
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
judging from/by 从……上看；
根据……判断
(2)judgement n.判断；评价
make a judgement 作出判断
As far as I can judge，it is more likely that you will get the job.
据我判断，你更有可能获得那份工作。

As the saying goes, “We should never judge a person by/from his looks.”
常言道，我们不能以貌取人。

judging from/by 用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。

[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)The company’s success can be judged from/by its growing sales.
(2)I think that it is difficult to make a judgement (judge)about other people in that case.
(3)Judging(judge) from/by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.
devote vt.专心致志于，献身于
(2016·北京高考)Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.
邻居们奉献出自己的业余时间来帮助别人重建家园。

(1)devote...to.. 把……致力于……；专心于
devote oneself to... 献身于；专心于
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；挚爱的
be devoted to... 专心于；对……忠诚
(3)devotion n.关爱；忠诚；奉献
(2016·四川高考)But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.
但是我们确实认为当你把一些时间和精力奉献给比你自己更重要的事时，你就能过上一个更充实的生活。

From my first job at the restaurant，I learned teamwork and devotion.
从我在餐馆的第一份工作中，我学会了合作与奉献。

to用作介词的动词短语还有：
(1)pay attention to 注意
(2)get used/accustomed to 习惯于
(3)stick to 坚持
(4)get down to 开始着手做某事
(5)object to 反对
[基础练习]——单句改错
(1)Mr.Smith made up his mind to devote all to set up some schools for poor children. set__→setting
(2)Her only son, to whom she is so devoting, went abroad last year. devoting__→devoted
[能力提升]——一句多译
一心投入到教育儿童，这位女士很少有时间照顾她自己的女儿。

(3)Devoting__herself__to__teaching the children, the lady has little time to care for her daughter. (用现在分词作状语)
(4)Devoted__to__teaching the children, the lady has little time to care for her daughter. (用过去分词作状语)
in terms of 就某事来说；从某个角度上看
(经典例句)The job is great in terms of salary，but it has its disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。

come to terms with 达成协议，和好；接受，适应
be on good/bad terms 关系良好/不好
in the long/short term/run 就长远/短期而言
The savings，both in terms of time and money，could be considerable.
节省下来的时间和金钱可能相当可观。

They have to come to terms with each other no matter what happens.
无论发生什么，他们总得达成妥协。

The couple quarreled so often.Two years later，they parted on good terms.
这对夫妇经常吵架。

两年后，他们友好分手了。

[巧学活用]——高考小作文
(浙江高考书面表达)就激发对科学发现的好奇心而言，我们最需要的是科普书籍。

In__terms__of__arousing__the__curiosity__about__scientific__discoveries，what we need most are popular science books.
can’t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事
(教材P14)I couldn’t help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.
听了这话，我禁不住笑了，然后邀请她到我的公寓喝了杯茶。

can’t help (to) do st h. 不能帮忙做某事
can not help but do sth. 不得不做某事
can not choose but do sth. 不得不做某事
I couldn’t help worrying whenever I heard that traffic accidents happen here
and there. 每当听说这里或那里有交通事故发生的时候，我就禁不住担心起来。

The last bus left.We could not choose but walk home.
最后一班公共汽车走了，我们别无选择，只有步行回家。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)She can’t help(to)clean(clean)the house because she’s busy making a cake.
(2)She couldn’t help bursting(burst) into tears when she heard the news.
(3)It is raining hard outside and they couldn’t choose but wait(wait) at home.
[能力提升]——高考小作文
(4)(2015·上海高考书面表达)这位作家的天赋让你很吃惊，你会情不自禁地和同学或者好朋友分享，他们也对这位作家印象很深刻。

You are so amazed by the genius of the writer and you can’t__help__sharing__it__with__your__classmates__or__best__friends,__who turn out to have been deeply impressed as well.
(教材P9)On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations...
另一方面，毫无疑问的是，低情商的人经常在与别人相处和处理困难情况时有问题……
(1)There is no/little doubt that...为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that后面的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。

(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。

There is some doubt whether the boy will get over the difficulty or not.
这个男孩能否克服这个困难，还很难说。

I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate
earlier.
毫无疑问，特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业。

其他常见类似句型还有：
There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事。

There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有意义。

There is no possibility that... 没有可能……
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)I doubt whether we can persuade the old man to tell us the whole truth.
(2)There is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
(3)There is no point (in) arguing(argue) with them who have no reason.
(4)There is no need to__worry(worry ) about him. He is so considerate.
(教材P11)I really dislike it when...
我真的不喜欢……
句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的宾语从句。

英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like，enjoy，love，hate，dislike，appreciate，prefer等接when/if 引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之后。

We really appreciated it when she offered to help.
她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。

I like it when the sky is clear and blue in autum n.
我喜欢秋高气爽的时节。

it作形式宾语除了上述情况外，还有下面的情形：
(1)某些作介词宾语的that从句要放在形式宾语it之后。

(2)某些动词后的宾语从句较长，状语较短，也可以在宾语位置上用形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语从句放到状语之后。

You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.
你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。

He owed it to his first teacher that__he had good pronunciation. 他把自己
的正确发音归功于他的第一个老师。

(教材P13)Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and that’s why the letter never arrived.
可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未到的原因。

句中that’s why...为固定表达，意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。

该句型强调结果。

I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet all through.
我既没穿雨衣，也没带雨伞，那就是我全身淋湿的原因。

That’s because...那是因为……，because也引导表语从句，但该句型强调原因。

Sorry，we are late.That’s because we were held up in the traffic jam.很
抱歉我们迟到了，那是因为我们遇上交通堵塞被耽搁了。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
(1)—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Peking University?
—Yes, that’s because he worked so hard all the time, so his efforts paid off.
(2)(2016·全国卷甲)However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.
(3)—You see, I’m poor in math, but good at English, while you are good at math, but weak in English.
—That’s__why we should help each other.
(4)She was badly ill. That’s because she didn’t go to school.because→why
(5)I missed our appointment, that’s why I met with an old friend on the way.why→because
[能力提升]——句型转换
(6)He had an urgent thing to deal with. That was why he didn’t attend the meeting.
→He didn’t attend the meeting.That’s__because he had an urgent thing to deal
with.
And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need，and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.
[分析] 该句是一个复合句。

句中第一个that引导的是同位语从句，说明the fact 的具体内容；第二个that引导名词性从句，作means的宾语；第三个that引导名词性从句，作make__sure的宾语；第四个that引导名词性从句，作know的宾语。

they really need 是定语从句，省略了引导词that/which，修饰the education。

[翻译] 可能提高情商的事实意味着，学校需要确保学生受到他们需要的教育，需要知道学生的未来不完全是由他们的智商决定的。

Ⅰ单句语法填空
1．In my opinion, the scenery here is beyond description(describe), so it has attracted a lot of visitors every year.
2．When she saw the lovely monkey，she couldn’t help laughing(laugh)．
3．The woman was accused of stealing(steal) little children from the neighbourhood.
4．Most of the scientists devoted themselves to doing(do) the research and seldom went home.
5．You’d better not go out.In my judgement(judge)，it is dangerous to fly in such weather.
6．The novel written(write) by Gu Man was adapted into a famous film，which was very popular.
7．To the teacher’s satisfaction(satisfy)，all the students handed in their notebooks on time that day.
8．The children were making much noise and I can’t concentrate on my work.
9．When the interview is one day away, send an e­mail to__confirm(confirm) the time of the appointment.
10．The young man has grown up and he is eager to be independent(depend) of his parents.
Ⅱ单句改错
1．It is true that she has made a mistake but she hardly deserves lose her job.deserves后加to
2．The young woman was accused with stealing goods from a large market.with→of 3．I felt relief to know that all the missing children had arrived home.relief →relieved
4．Hearing the sad news，the mothers present at the meeting couldn’t help cry.cry →crying
5．Devoting to his research, the young scientist almost forgot everything about himself.Devoting→Devoted
Ⅰ教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Most students do an IQ test early in their school career because they believe that it is IQ that determines how well they’re going to do in life. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not 1.simply(simple) the result of a high IQ. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following 2.description(describe): At work, it is IQ that gets you 3.hired(hire)but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 4.Supported(support)by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when 5.predicting(predict)someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ. He may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, 6.who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up 7.failing(fail)exams? Perhaps their failure is because of their low EQ. People are often 8.mistaken(mistake) in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. The result of studies shows that EQ is as important, 9.if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world 10.and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.
Ⅱ教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

When I met my best friend the first time, I was full of anxiety. I was trying to do some revision for a important oral exam in the local library and people kept disturbed me. The last straw was when I heard someone which was a tall girl about
the same age as me singing behind me. At that moment, I thought she was inconsiderate but selfish. Only when I got home do I realize that I left my most important textbook behind because I left the library in so a hurry. I was so upset that I almost cried. Just then, a girl calling Jenny phoned me and told me she could bring it around for me. It was a surprise that the girl who I met her was the one I had shouted at for singing. I felt so guilty and apologised several time for my rude behaviour. We got along really well and ever since then we’ve been best friends. From the experience I kn ow that the first impression is untrue sometimes and we can’t judge a person only by the first impression.
答案：
When I met my best friend ∧for
the first time, I was full of anxiety. I was trying to do some revision for a an
important oral exam in the local library and people kept disturbed disturbing me. The last straw was when I heard someone which who
was a tall girl about the same age as me singing behind me. At that moment, I thought she was inconsiderate but and selfish. Only when I got home do did
I realize that I left my most important textbook behind because I left the library in so such
a hurry. I was so upset that I almost cried. Just then, a girl calling called
Jenny phoned me and told me she could bring it around for me. It was a surprise that the girl who I met her was the one I had
shouted at for singing. I felt so guilty and apologised several time times
for my rude behaviour. We got along really well and ever since then we ’ve been best friends. From the experience I know that the first impression is untrue sometimes and we can ’t judge a person only by the first impression.
Ⅲ 教材与话题写作
根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文， 并背诵成文。

1．与别人相比，海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)是不幸的。

当她在19个月大的时候，她变得又盲又聋。

(compared to)
2．起初时，她并不愿意学习。

(be willing to)
3．后来，她的老师沙利文(Ms Sullivan)来帮她应对残疾。

(deal with)
4．在Ms Sullivan 的帮助下，她能够做到集中精力学习，并完成了大学教育。

(concentrate on)
5．后来，她致力于帮助盲聋儿童。

(devote oneself to)
6．她是20世纪最伟大的女性之一，值得我们尊重。

(deserve)
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：
Compared to others，Helen Keller was unlucky.When she was 19 months old，she became blind and deaf.At first，she was not willing to learn ter，her teacher Ms Sullivan came to help her deal with her disabilities.With the help of Ms Sullivan，she was able to concentrate on her study and graduated from ter on，she devoted all herself to helping the blind and deaf children.She was one of the greatest women in the 20th century and deserves our respect.
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
Ⅰ阅读理解
A
(2017·东北三省四市模拟)
The British Museum
What’s on
Although many parts of Asia have long been connected through trade along Silk Road and shared religious systems，there are strong regional differences.In addition to various languages，Asia has developed its cultural networks，patterns of government，technology and styles of artistic representation.
The diverse cultural life of Africa has been expressed through everyday cooking。