2020年洛阳理工学院附中高三英语二模试题及参考答案

2020年洛阳理工学院附中高三英语二模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Looking to the future, we are now focusing on next year's tours. We are not presently taking bookings, but if a specific tour lifts your spirits, why not mark your interest and we will contact you when the time is right.
Japan
October 2021
A centre for technology with natural beauty, Japan is a must-see destination for science and nature lovers. Join us on a special journey across the country during its fantastic autumn to see its amazing landscapes, visit leading scientific institutions and experience robotics and AI.
Antarctica
April to September 2021
Join us aboard the Magellan Explorer for an exciting adventure to South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula, exploring the world's largest ocean reserve and best ocean ecosystem. Follow in the footstepsof the great scientists while marveling（惊叹）at icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice flies onto volcanic beaches.
Italy
March and June 2021
Encounter the great scientific minds and discoveries of the Renaissance on a cultural adventure across two of its cities, Florence and Bologna. Enjoy beautiful surroundings as you take in the wonderful collections, buildings and churches that demonstrate the period across architecture and paintings.
Czech Republic
May and July 2021
Discover the legacy（遗产）of Kepler and Brahe in Prague, a city where astronomy, maths, medicine and architecture connect. Kepler became the father of modern astronomy supported by the observational data from Brahe.
1. What can travelers do in Japan?
A. Experience space travel.
B. Enjoy its spring landscape.
C. Visit its scientific institutions .
D. Learn about its traditional culture.
2. Which of the following can you choose if you are free in August?
A. Japan.
B. Italy.
C. Antarctica.
D. Czech Republic .
3. What do Italy and Czech Republic havein common?
A. Astronomy.
B. Architecture.
C. Paintings.
D. Medicine .
B
Even plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．
Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．
4. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．
A. facing an infrared scanner
B. sprayed with pesticides
C. exposed to extreme sun rays
D. inpoor physical condition
5. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．
A draw a color1﹣coded map
B evaluate the damage to the crops
C. locate the problem area
D. measure the size of the affected area
6. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．
A. the lack of official support
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
7. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．
A. full support from agricultural experts
B. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
C. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
D. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops
C
About a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.
Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a bird more or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.
“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.
The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”
Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them.
And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.
By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.
Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."
8. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?
A. They didn't see the buildings.
B. They took reflections for reality.
C. They assumed the windows to be open.
D. They considered buildings as safe routes.
9. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?
A. It created a new data set.
B. It went beyond national borders.
C. It covered a wider range of sites.
D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.
10. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?
A. Migratory species travel at night.
B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.
C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.
D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.
11. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?
A. Adjust the lightening system.
B. Attach radars to each building.
C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.
D. Ban using glasses on buildings.
D
At any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.
Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .
Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.
Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.
“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”
12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.
B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.
C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.
D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.
13. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Denim.
B. Sediment.
C. Microfibers.
D. Chemicals.
14. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?
A. To avoid wearing jeans.
B. To reduce denim consumption.
C. To wash jeans more often.
D. To limit input in denim production.
15. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?
A. Science.
B. Entertainment.
C. Tourism.
D. Geography.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Have you promised that you are going to get healthier? Maybe you want to lose weight, get stronger and have more energy. Maybe you are under the doctor's orders to eat right and take exercise more. Well, those all sound great.___16___So here are healthy tips that you can follow.
Eat right. Healthy eating is harder than before. Now many supermarkets or restaurants are packed with unhealthy choices that cause weight gain and weaken energy. Over time, making poor food choices can cause illness. But you don't have to be concerned about it. Eat natural and organic foods as often as possible.____17____
Keep healthy.___18___So take exercise at once. Once you get started, you will be more likely to stick to it.
Reduce stress. In theUS, 77% of people often experience physical stress._____19_____You can manage stress by taking exercise, getting enough rest and cleaning bad relationships from your life.
___20___Sure, some people are naturally happier than others. But there are things you can choose to do be happier. And guess what? They are all free. So if you want to be happier, there are a few things to do, for example, express thanks, help others, or how to meditate.
A. That is not a group you want to be a part of.
B. Choose happiness.
C. Cut out the junk food.
D. Get happy for free.
E. But with so many choicest it can be hard to get started.
F. So you don't need to care about this.
G. People who often take exercise are generally happier and healthier than people who don’t.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Early in my career,I was always shocked by the fact that “expensive” hotels charged extra money for things like Internet access and movies. At the same time, many___21___hotels included everything. Although these less expensive hotels did not have___22___lobbies(大堂), they did offer the things that a young and tired___23___would want: a clean room and a quiet environment.
For the high prices you pay at nice hotels, everything should be___24___. They should give refunds(退款)for the things you don’t___25___instead of tricking their customers.
I once read an article about a government officer who was invited to a very expensive restaurant inWashington. The restaurant’s food and service were both___26___. But there was something that ruined his___27___: the officer was charged＄1 for the ice in his＄7 mixed drink. The fact that he was charged the extra dollar___28___----instead of just being charged＄8---made him so___29___that instead of talking about how wonderful everything was at the restaurant, he___30___talked about the＄21.___31___, he never went back to that restaurant again.
I see the___32___thing is starting to happen in the airline industry. For example, American Airlines is charging＄22. 50 for snacks and＄7 for meals. Unbelievably, sodas and water are still___33___. The airline should just charge a___34___price and give you a refund for what you don’t want or use. This will put more power in the hands of a___35___----the airline might be surprised to find that people are willing to____36____extra services. Just imagine what could happen if you just trust your customers to make their own___37___?
So remember, don't___38___your customers. Instead, charge what you think your service or product is worth and take it from there. This way, you can remove___39___services in exchange for lower prices. It becomes a win-win for you and your customers by sharing buying decisions and therefore giving your customers more___40___.
23. A. brilliant B. affordable C. comfortable D. international
24. A. well-developed B. well-organized C. well-decorated D. well-known
25. A. businessman B. explorer C. student D. traveler
26. A. charged B. accepted C. included D. improved
27. A. use B. buy C. eat D. like
28. A. tasty B. ordinary C. disappointing D. excellent
29. A. activity B. excitement C. adventure D. experience
30. A. completely B. exactly C. separately D. totally
31. A. annoyed B. satisfied C. ashamed D. stressed
32. A. still B. indeed C. hardly D. only
33. A. After all B. As a result C. So far D. To be honest
34. A. same B. different C. funny D. strange
35. A. fresh B. average C. free D. available
36. A. higher B. lower C. better D. cheaper
37. A. employer B. customer C. visitor D. manager
38. A. ask for B. prepare for C. apply for D. pay for
39. A. plans B. minds C. choices D. changes
40. A. embarrass B. cheat C. lose D. puzzles
41. A. terrible B. basic C. unnecessary D. public
42. A. freedom B. support C. warmth D. discount
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In western countries, after a long day with the sun____41.____(burn) your back, a bottle of cold water sounds like the perfect solution. However, consuming cold drinks may not be____42.____same choice internationally. In theUS, people often receive a glass cold water alongside their meals,____43.____inChina, people usually get a cup of hot tea instead. In fact, even when the weather is____44.____(extreme) hot, many Chinese people prefer to have hot water. According to ancient Chinese medicine, drinking a glass of warm water____45.____(be) beneficial to health.
Restaurants in theUSare places where people____46.____(serve) with cold water, which doesn’t hurt anyone if it is spilled accidentally. InChina, you pour tea into cups yourself; if you spill the water, you are responsible____47.____it.
In spite of the benefits of hot water and the____48.____(harm) effects of drinking cold water, modern medicine tells us that they are both fine ____49.____(consume). Actually, the debate between cold water and hot water is all a matter of____50.____(prefer) and body type. So, what would you like to drink?
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My name is Ma Lili, an survivor of theTangshanearthquake in 1976. Many strange things had happened before the earthquake , but we didn't take them serious. Fifteen seconds late, the large city lay in ruin. My family and I were buried under the building. Luckily, soldiers came to our rescue in time. It was reported thatTangshanwas the centre of the earthquake but tens of thousands of people died, what shocked the world! At that time, some people were thoughtTangshanwould disappear from the world. However,Tangshansoon begin to breathe again. We all devoted ourselves to rebuild it and now the city is becoming even beautiful than before.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I had moved to Arizona about two weeks before the start of my junior year of high school, so not only was this a new school for me, but also a new state and I did not know anyone.
On the first day of school at lunch after getting my meal, I sat down at a table in the courtyard. As I began to eat, I looked around at the other tables and saw another girl sitting alone, so I decided to go and sit with her. Anyway, there was no reason for me to have a whole table to myself, and who knew maybe I could make a friend. I walked to check and said, “Excuse me, do you mind if I sit with you?” She was surprised at first, but then smiled and said, “No, I don't!”
We hit it off immediately and became close friends throughout the next two years. Towards the end of our senior year, she told me that she had been accepted to an out - of - state college and would be moving away after graduation. I was sad that I would miss her but at the same time was really happy for her.
She then shared with me something very moving. “Do you remember the first day of school when you came over and sat down with me during lunch?” she asked. “Of course! Why do you ask?” I replied.
She continued, “I want to let you know how special you are and that you make a difference. I was severely depressed that day, because something unhappy had happened to me that morning. I had been being sad since the morning and nobody realized my sadness. It had just broken me down. If you hadn't appeared, I would be probably in deep sadness for a long time after I got home from school.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then, she told me something more I hadn't known before.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
____
Both of us gained a lot from the incident.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. E 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B
21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34. A 35.
B 36. D 37.
C 38. B 39. C 40. A
41. burning
42. the 43. but/while/yet
44. extremely
45. is 46. are served
47. for 48. harmful
49. to consume
50. preference
51.(1). an→a
(2). serious→seriously
(3). late→later
(4). ruin→ruins
(5). but→and
(6). what→which
(7). 删除thought前的were
(8). begin→began
(9). rebuild→rebuilding
(10). 在even和beautiful之间添加more
52.略。