最新 七年级英语下册阅读理解专题剖析与专题同步训练(含答案)1

最新七年级英语下册阅读理解专题剖析与专题同步训练（含答案）1
一、七年级英语下册阅读理解专项目练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
Look at the Sky from the Bottom of a Well
There is a frog（青蛙）. He lives in a well（水井）and he never goes out of the well. He thinks the sky is as big as the mouth of the well.
One day a crow（乌鸦）comes to the well. He sees the frog .
The frog asks, “Where are you from?”
“I fly from the sky.” the crow says.
The frog feels surprised and says, “The sky is only as big as the mouth of the well. How do you fly from the sky?”
The crow says, “The sky is very big. You always stay in the well, so you don't know the world is big.”
The frog says, “I don't believe it .”
But the crow says, “You can come out and have a look by yourself.”
So the frog comes out from the well. He is very surprised. How big the world is!
（1）A crow lives in a well.
（2）The crow flies from the sky.
（3）The sky is only as big as the mouth of the well.
（4）The frog doesn't believe because he never goes out of the well.
（5）The frog doesn't jump out of the well at last.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是井底之蛙。

一只青蛙在井底感觉天只有井口那么大。

一天，它看到一只乌鸦问它从哪里来，乌鸦告诉它从天空很远的地方。

青蛙说天空只有井口那么大。

乌鸦告诉它天空很大，青蛙最后从井口跳出，看到了世界的巨大。

（1）细节理解题。

根据“I fly from the sky.” the crow says.我从天空来。

乌鸦说。

可知乌鸦不是在井里。

故答案为：错误。

（2）细节理解题。

根据“I fly from the sky.” the c row says.我从天空来。

乌鸦说。

可知乌鸦从天空来。

故答案为：正确。

（3）细节理解题。

根据The crow says, “The sky is very big. You always stay in the well, so you don't know the world is big.”乌鸦说“天空非常大。

你一直在井里带着，因此你不知道世界是大的。

”可知世界是大的，比井口要大的多，故答案为：错误。

（4）细节理解题。

根据The crow says, “The sky is very big. Y ou always stay in the well, so you don't know the world is big.”乌鸦说“天空非常大。

你一直在井里带着，因此你不知道世界是大的。

”可知青蛙一直待在井里，不知道世界多大。

故答案为：正确。

（5）细节理解题。

根据 So the frog comes out from the well. He is very surprised. How big the world is!因此青蛙从井里跳了出来。

他非常吃惊。

世界多大啊!可知青蛙从井里跳出来了。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。

2．根据短文内容，完成下列小题。

A TV program has become popular in China recently. It has made people all over China become interested in writing Chinese characters（汉字）.
The increasing use of computers and smart phones has left most young people hardly able to write by hand. Many of them are even unable to remember the 10,000 characters used in daily life without electronic help.
CCTV started the Chinese Character Dictation Competition to improve the population's handwriting skills. Contestants（参与者） on the show were school pupils, but it was found that 70% of adults in the audience（观众） were unable to remember how to write the word "chan chu".
Because computers allow people to type characters simply by entering pinyin, they don't need to remember how to write them. "The keyboard age has had a big influence on the handwriting of Chinese characters," Guan Zhengwen, who designed and directed the show said.
He added that he hoped to encourage people to keep it alive as an art form.
Hao Mingjian, an editor of a magazine, putting his heart into Chinese characters, said, "Learning Chinese characters goes on throughout your life. If you stop using them for a long time, it is very likely that you will forget them."
（1）Are Chinese people interested in writing Chinese characters now?
（2）What has left most young people hardly able to write by hand?
（3）Why did CCTV start the Chinese Character Dictation Competition?
（4）How do computers allow people to type characters simply?
（5）What can you learn from the passage?
【答案】（1）Yes, they are.
（2）The increasing use of computers and smart phones.
（3）Because it/they wanted to improve the population's handwriting skills. / To improve the population's handwriting skills.
（4）By entering pinyin.
（5）It's important/necessary to have/make/let young Chinese know the importance of writing Chinese words. / Computers have a big influence on the handwriting of Chinese characters. /We /Young people must learn to write Chinese characters.
【解析】【分析】（1）文章第一行A TV program has become popular in China recently. It has made people all over China become interested in writing Chinese characters（汉字）.一个电视节目最近在中国流行。

它使全中国人民对书写汉字感兴趣。

故答案为Yes, they are.
（2）文章第二行The increasing use of computers and smart phones has left most young people hardly able to write by hand.越来越多的电脑和智能手机的使用使大多数年轻人几乎无法手写。

故答案为The increasing use of computers and smart phones.
（3）文章第四行CCTV started the Chinese Character Dictation Competition to improve the population's handwriting skills央视启动汉字听写竞赛为了提高人口书法技能。

故答案为To improve the population's handwriting skills.
（4）文章倒数第五行Because computers allow people to type characters simply by entering pinyin, 因为计算机允许人们简单地输入拼音。

故答案为By entering pinyin.
（5）通过文章我们明白了：让年轻人知道写中文单词的重要性是很重要的。

计算机对汉字的手写体有很大的影响。

我们必须学会写汉字等等。

故可以填It's important to make young Chinese know the importance of writing Chinese words. / Computers have a big influence on the handwriting of Chinese characters. /We must learn to write Chinese characters.
【点评】文章的概括和理解。

3．阅读理解
If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory （记忆） works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance （机会） to become strong.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault （过错）. But
if he tells to us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be to blame （责备）, and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write, they have to remember the things. Since they cannot write them down in a small notebook, they have to remember days, names, songs and stories. Therefore, their memory is being exercised the whole time.
So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people：practise remembering things as other people do.
（1）Someone can't have a good memory if ________.
A. he can't read or write
B. he doesn't use his memory
C. his parents don't have a good memory
D. he doesn't use his arms or legs for some time （2）If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, ________.
A. you can't use them any more
B. they will become stronger
C. they become weak but they will slowly become strong again
D. they become weak and won't become strong until you use them again
（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Your memory works in the different way as your arms or legs.
B. A good memory comes from less practice.
C. Don't learn how to read or write if you want to have a better memory.
D. Your memory becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance for practice.
（4）The writer wants to tell us ________.
A. how to use our arms or legs
B. how to read and write
C. how to have a good memory
D. how to learn from the people
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述的死用进废退的道理，最后告诉我们如果要想提高记忆力好像别人那样联系记忆东西。

（1）细节理解题，根据 When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance （机会） to become strong. 可知当其他人说他的记忆不好，他真正的意思是他没有给它足够的机会变得强大，也就是用得少，或者不用。

故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. 可知如果你一段时间不用你的胳膊或者腿，他们将会变弱，当你开始使用他们的时候，他们又会慢慢地变得强壮。

故答案是D。

（3）正误判断题，根据根据 When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance （机会） to become strong. 可知当其他人说他
的记忆不好，他真正的意思是他没有给它足够的机会变得强大。

因此D的叙述是正确的，故答案是D。

（4）主旨大意题，本文通过用手和腿做例子，告诉我们如何增强记忆力。

故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、正误判断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；正误判断也是细节理解题的一种变形，也要从文章中选找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解
Spring comes back again. It's the best time for children to fly kites outside. Look! There are different styles of kites in the sky. How beautiful and lovely!
Kite facts
Kites all have long strings（绳子）. They keep kites from flying away. Kites can fly up high with a good wind. Each of them always has a tail. It makes the kite beautiful and balanced（平稳的）. Useful kites
Kites weren't just for fun. People also used them to do many other things. Before planes came out, some people put cameras on kites to take photos. 100 years ago some Americans used kites to learn about weather. Later some people used them for fishing.
How to fly
Never fly kites in the street or on the road. We can find a big playground or an open place. When we fly kites, we should be far away from wires（电线）. If our kites are in a tree, don't climb to get it. Maybe we'll fall off. Ask our parents for help.
（1）Which season is the best time for kite flying according to the passage?
A. Winter.
B. Autumn.
C. Summer.
D. Spring.
（2）After kites came out, people used them to ________.
①learn about weather ②catch fish
③grow wheat ④take photos ⑤feed birds
A. ①③④
B. ②③④
C. ①②④
D.
②④⑤
（3）Where can children fly kites?
A. On the playground.
B. Near the wires.
C. In the street.
D. In the forest.（4）If Sandy's kite falls onto a tall tree, what should she do?
A. Climb to get it quickly.
B. Call the police.
C. Ask her parents for help.
D. Cut down the tree.
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了一些关于风筝的事实、风筝的有用之处和如何放风筝。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段 Spring comes back again. It's the best time for children to fly kites outside. 可知，春天是放风筝最好的季节。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段 some people put cameras on kites to take photos. 100 years ago some Americans used kites to learn about weather. Later some people used them for fishing. 可知，人们用风筝带着照相机照相、了解天气和钓鱼，①②④ 表述正确。

故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第四段 We can find a big playground or an open place. 可知，孩子们可以在操场或者开放的地方放风筝。

故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

根据最后一句 Ask our parents for help.可知，当风筝挂在树上时，我们应该向父母寻求帮助。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解
When I was in Grade 8, my teacher asked us to write an article about what we would like to do when we grew up. All I could think of was one sentence: I want to help other people! Over the years, I met many difficulties and failures. But I never thought of giving up. I realized that to help other people, I had to help myself first. I encouraged myself after I experienced failures, and I cheered for myself when I did well.
Finally, my dream really came true. I found a part-time job in a charity. I began to spend my days doing things for people in need. I have a happy life. That doesn't mean that this kind of life is easy, or that my work is always enjoyable. I am happy because I am doing what I want to do.
What do you want to do? Write it down now. If you don't know, you can ask yourself, "What would I do if this was the last day of my life?" Then write down the first thing that comes to your mind, no matter how silly or how impossible it seems. Once you have an answer, you will know what your dream is.
（1）Which article did the writer's teacher probably ask them to write?
A. My favourite sport.
B. My article.
C. My hobby.
D. My dream.（2）What did the writer want to do?
A. To be a teacher.
B. To help others.
C. To be happy.
D. To be free.（3）What did the writer do whenever he experienced failures?
A. He gave up.
B. He found a part time job.
C. He encouraged himself.
D. He wrote an article.
（4）The writer is happy because .
A. he is doing what he wants to do
B. his work is always enjoyable
C. his par>time job is easy
D. he makes a lot of money
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲诉了作者在上八年级时写自己理想的作文的事。

（1）推理判断题，根据 my teacher asked us to write an article about what we would like to do when we grew up. 可知，老师让他们写未来想干什么的作文，实际上就是梦想。

故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据 All I could think of was one sentence: I want to help other 可知，作者想帮助别人，故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据 I encouraged myself after I experienced failures 可知，作者经历失败后，鼓励自己。

故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据 I am happy because I am doing what I want to do 可知，作者之所以高兴，是应为他做了自己想做的事。

故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6．阅读理解
Hobbies are very important to a person. Without any hobby, life won't be as colourful as it should be. I have a number of hobbies, such as collecting stamps, playing musical instruments （乐器）, singing, reading, and doing sport activities. When I am free, I will spend time on my hobbies. When I am in a blue mood（情绪低落）, I will also do my hobbies to cheer myself up. Hobbies can help us improve our moods. Many hobbies need you to put your heart into them. For example, when you play a musical instrument, you have to practise over and over in order to perform good music. After a long time if you still enjoy it, slowly it will become a hobby of yours. But remember: A hobby is like gold under the ground. No hobby will come to you unless you dig it out yourself. If you can treat study as one of you hobbies, learning will be more enjoyable. I hope all of you can find your own hobbies and also have fun from them.
（1）Hobbies can make life .
A. boring
B. colourful
C. busy
D. free
（2）How many hobbies does the writer have?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. More than four.
（3）When the writer is free, what does he do?
A. Go over his lessons.
B. Play computer games.
C. Spend time on his hobbies.
D. Help his parents.
（4）If your hobby is playing a musical instrument, you need to .
A. practise over and over
B. watch others play again and again
C. lie in bed and think about it
D. do your homework well
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文告诉我们爱好是很重要的，没有了爱好生活就没有了色彩。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Without any hobby, life won't be as colourful as it should be. 可知，没有了爱好生活就不像它原来那样多姿多彩，因此，爱好可使我们的生活多姿多彩。

故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 I have a number of hobbies, such as collecting stamps, playing musical instruments （乐器）, singing, reading, and doing sport activities. 可知作者的爱好包括集邮、演奏乐器、唱歌、阅读还有参加体育活动，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据 When I am free, I will spend time on my hobbies. 可知作者在业余时间会从事他的爱好。

故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据For example, when you play a musical instrument, you have to practise over and over in order to perform good music. 可知当你演奏乐器的时候，你应该一遍遍地练习。

故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题主要涉及了细节理解，这样的题型都可以从文章中找到答案，认真阅读就可以很好地完成。

7．阅读理解
This is' a story of a man who worked in a big factory. I got to know him many years ago, but I never paid any attention to him. He always wore an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag. He usually spent his break time and lunchtime walking around in that old big factory to collect the unused tins.
Today, I was fixing one machine in the factory when this "tin man" came with his bag. As usual, he picked up the tins. My manager was standing there to watch me. He asked the "tin man" what he was going to do with those tins. I never thought about this question, because I always thought that he'd sell those tins for money.
The "tin man" answered, "I will give these tins to my neighbour. He is ill and he cannot work." I was so surprised to hear that, so I asked him, "You collect all those tins just to help your neighbour? I know this does not help much," he said. "But I will try my best to help him."
At that time, I found myself standing in front of a great man. This "tin man" only wore a T shirt and an old red hat and carried a rubbish bag, but he was a great man.
We shouldn't judge a man by his appearance（外表）. We should look at his heart.
（1）The "tin man" was a（n） in a big factory.
A. worker
B. manager
C. engineer
D. cleaner
（2）The "tin man" usually during his break time and lunchtime.
A. had a rest
B. talked with his friends
C. collected the unused tins
D. fixed machines （3）From the passage we know that the "tin man" is .
A. a rich man
B. a busy man
C. a great man
D. a poor man
（4）The last paragraph tells us that .
A. we should judge a man by his clothes
B. we should learn from the "tin man"
C. everyone should help the poor
D. we should judge a man by his heart
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一名在工厂工作的男子总是拿着垃圾袋在工厂周围捡废弃的铝罐，作者起初认为该男子行为古怪，但后来了解到这名男子把捡来的铝罐送给了生病多年的邻居。

（1）推理题。

根据第一段和Today, I was fixing one machine in the factory when this "tin man" came with his bag 的描述，可知tin man是一个工厂的工人，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据 He usually spent his break time and lunchtime walking around in that old big factory to collect the unused tins. 可知他总是在午饭和休息时收集过的罐子。

故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据 he was a great man. 可知他是个伟大的人，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据 We shouldn't judge a man by his appearance（外表）. We should look at his heart. 可知我们应该用心去判断一个人，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解
There are all kinds of animals on our planet. Some are cute, but some are not. Some are small, but some are big. Here are four of the funniest and friendliest animals. But remember, although they look nice, it doesn't mean they are always friendly.
Not all dogs are so cute, but most of them are pretty friendly. When you come near an unfamiliar （不熟悉的） dog, remember to hold out your hand, so he can smell you and see that you don't mean to harm him.
Cows love to eat grass, and they eat quite a lot! You needn't be afraid of this kind of quiet farm animals. But don't run at a cow in a field or touch one, unless you are told by an adult it's okay.
Horses are big and beautiful animals, but they can be frightened easily. A horse might jump up if he hears a loud noise, or kick his legs if you come near too suddenly. All horses, like humans, are different.
Chimpanzees（黑猩猩） make funny faces and put on a real show at the zoo, but believe it or not, they can be very dangerous. And they are strong, too much stronger than humans, so you should never make a chimp mad!
（1）Which of the animals can make faces?
A. Cows.
B. Chimpanzees.
C. Dogs.
D. Horses.
（2）We can learn from the passage that .
A. cows are usually quiet
B. all dogs are cute
C. horses never kick their legs
D. chimpanzees are not dangerous
（3）According to the passage, you should when you come near an unfamiliar dog.
A. feed him something
B. shout at him
C. touch his head
D. hold out your hand （4）According to the passage, you shouldn't unless you are told by an adult it's okay when you see a cow.
A. run at it in a field or touch it
B. hold out your hand
C. make it mad
D. make a loud noise
（5）The author wants to tell us that .
A. some animals are cute, but they are small
B. some animals are not cute, but they are tall
C. some animals are funny, but they are not beautiful
D. some animals look nice, but they are not always friendly
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在农村一些注意事项。

（1）细节题。

根据由文中 Chimpanzees make funny faces and put on a real show at the zoo 可知黑猩猩被放在动物园，给人做鬼脸，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据 You needn't be afraid of this quiet farm animal 可知牛很安静，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据由文中 When you come near an unfamiliar dog，remember to hold out your hand，so he can smell you and see that you mean no harm 可知当你走近一个不熟悉的狗，记得伸出你的手，他就可以闻你，知道你没有恶意，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据 But don't run at a cow in a field or touch one, unless you are told by an adult it's okay 可知除非大人告诉你没关系，否则不要在田里追赶牛或碰牛，故选A。

（5）主旨题。

根据But remember，although they look nice，it doesn't mean they are always friendly 可知但是记住，尽管他们看起来很好，但这并不意味着他们总是很友好，文章总结了四种友善的动物也有发脾气的时候，所以友善的动物也不是总是友善，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和主旨题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解
My name is Alex. I had an interesting and scary experience last Saturday. At about three o'clock in the afternoon, I was walking down the Main Street. I stopped in front of a jewelry store to look at some rings in the window. I really liked one of the rings. While I was standing there, two men
came out of the store. They ran across the street, got into a car, and drove away quickly. Then I saw something on the ground. It was a black bag. I thought maybe they dropped the bag while they were driving away in the car.
I went to pick up the bag and opened it. There was a diamond watch in the bag. I took the bag with the watch into the jewelry store and showed it to the store manager. The manager looked scared by what had happened but he was very happy to see the watch. He said the two men were thieves, and that the police were looking for them. He also said the watch was very expensive. To thank me, he gave me fifty dollars. I was happy that I helped him. However, the thieves stole many pieces of jewelry. They took ten rings, three watches, four necklaces, and ten pairs of earrings. I hoped the police would catch them soon.
（1）What was Alex looking at in the store window?
A. Rings.
B. Watches.
C. Clothes.
D. Shoes.
（2）Who came out of the store?
A. The manager.
B. Two men.
C. The police.
D. Alex.
（3）What did Alex see on the ground?
A. Ten rings.
B. Three watches.
C. A black bag.
D. Four necklaces.（4）What did Alex do with the watch?
A. He took it home.
B. He took it to the store.
C. He took it to the police.
D. He gave it back to the two men.
（5）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Alex is telling an experience of his own now.
B. Alex is talking to a police officer now.
C. The manager was too scared to stop the two men.
D. Alex didn't know the two men were thieves until he went to the manager.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是阿莱克斯在上周六下午三点钟在一家珠宝店的橱窗里看戒指时，看到两个人从珠宝店里出来，上了汽车，开车快速离开了。

然后他捡起地上掉落的包，发现里面有一块儿钻石手表，当他拿着表走进珠宝店时，老板告诉他，那两个人是小偷。

警察正在找他们。

因为他还了手表，老板给了他五美元，他很高兴。

（1）细节理解题。

根据 I stopped in front of a jewelry store to look at some rings in the window.可知他在珠宝店看戒指。

故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据While I was standing there, two men came out of the store. 可知两个人走出了珠宝店。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据 Then I saw something on the ground. It was a black bag.可知他在地上看到一个黑包。

故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据 I took the bag with the watch into the jewelry store and showed it to
the store manager. 可知他把手表拿回到珠宝店。

故选B。

（5）推理判断题。

根据 He said the two men were thieves, and that the police were looking for them.可知阿莱克斯没有和警察谈话。

可知选项B叙述不合事实。

故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

我们先弄懂文后问题，然后带着问题阅读短文，在短文的细节中找到问题的答案。

对于推理判断题，我们要认真阅读短文，根据短文的细节判断选项的正误。

10．阅读理解
Most people enjoy hiking（徒步旅行）. Hiking is not only a healthy but also a relaxing activity. Why do people like to go hiking? The answers are different. Here are some of the most popular reasons.
First of all, hiking is good exercise. It can make your body strong and it can make you become smart.
Secondly, hiking is simple and cheap. All you need is to wear a pair of hiking shoes and take your smile to start.
Finally, hiking is the best way to get away from your everyday life. You can hike alone or go with you friends. After hiking, you may have a clear mind. So why not plan your hiking route right away?
（1）Hiking can make us .
A. bored
B. moved
C. relaxed
D. tired
（2）How many reasons are mentioned in the passage?
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
（3）What's the structure（结构）of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文说明了远足让人们感觉放松的原因。

（1）细节题。

根据文章提到的Hiking is not only a healthy but also a relaxing activity.可
知，远足可以让人放松，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据文章提到一共有3点建议，可知3个原因被提到了，故选B。

（3）主旨题。

根据文章内容可知文章采用了总分形式，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和主旨题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。