复合句——名词性从句

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复合句——宾语从句
连接词(引导词)
从属连词 that ,if ,whether 连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 when ,where ,how ,why 1.如果陈述句作从句,连接词用that,在口语和非正式语体中常可省 略that . 2.特殊疑问句作从句,就用原来的特殊疑问词 3.一般疑问句作从句,连词用if或whether 在选择疑问句只用 whether,记住这一结构:whether … or not .
locate
sharping
colleague
throat-clearing
stare
can not wait to do
复合句
复习
复合句 什么叫复合句?
复合句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句 (Subordinate Clause)构成。 主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在。 从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句 须由一个关联词(connective)引导。 复合句(The Complex Sentence):句子中有一个或一个以上的从句,叫做复合句。
复合句——主语从句
①主语从句的时态:不受主句的时态影响和限制。
(1)That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. (2)Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. (3)Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. (4)Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. (5)What caused the accident remains unknown.(6)Whatever you did is right. (7)Who the watch belongs to is unknown. (8)What we need is time. (9)What we need are good doctors.
复合句——宾语从句
宾语从句的语序
无论什么引导词,表达陈述还是疑问,宾语从句都必 须用陈述语序。
复合句——宾语从句
宾语从句的时态
1.主句谓语动词如果是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语动词可用除 过去完成时、过去完成进行时以外的任何所需要的时态。 I know he didn't tell you that he would come then. 2.主句的谓语动词如果是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用过去的 某种时态。 He told.me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 3.若从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象,不论主句时态,从句都用 一般现在时态。 He told me his sister is ten years older than him.
复合句——表语从句
(三)表语从句
表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语。
表语从句的引导词: 从属连词that、 whether、because、as if/though 等; 连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which. whoever、 whomever、whosever、whatever、whichever等; 连词副词when、where、why、how. whenever、wherever、 however等。
复合句——主语从句
小结:
(1)引导主语从句连词有 that,whether,who,what,whatever等 (2)连词位于句首不能省略 (3)主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数,但也有 例外,如例(9)
复合句——宾语从句 (二)宾语从句
宾语从句 The Object Clause,在复合句中作主句的宾语,它可以作主 句谓语动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。 宾语从句有四步曲 连接词: (也叫引导词) 语序: 从句的词序用陈述语序(主+ 谓) 时态: 谓语动词的时态常常受到主句谓语动词的影响 宾语从句的否定转移
复合句——同位语从句
后边可跟同位语从句的名词常用的有:
advice建议 belief信念;信心 doubt怀疑 explanation解释 fear害怕 fact事实 hope希望 idea想法,主意 news消息 order命令 opinion观点 promise承诺 He kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucy to make sureofher happiness.他遵守了他愿意为露西做一切事情来保证 她的幸福这一诺言。 The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at homeis a trend.大部分劳动力可能将在家里工作成了一种趋势。
复合句
复合句——名词性从句
名词性从句:在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语与 同位语的句子分别叫做主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句, 这些统称为名词性从句。
复合句——名词性从句
复合句——主语从句
(一)主语从句 在复合句中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。 ①主语从句的时态:不受主句的时态影响 和限制。 ②大部分主语从句都可以用it做形式主语。
复合句——宾语从句
1.He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们他们会帮助我们完成整个工作的。 2.He didn't tell me where the meeting would be held.他没有告诉 我会议在哪里开。 3.Do you know who won the first prize?你知道谁获得了一等奖吗? 4.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在谈论是否让学生加人我们的俱乐部。 5.Kate was interested in what she had seen at the exhibition.凯 特对她在展览上看到的东西很感兴趣。
复合句—名词性从句
教师:盖特儿
课前测试
目录
复习
新知识点——名词性从句
总结&作业
复合句
课前测试
单词 adventure humour raise 短语
be filled with be located in sth turn out be/get used to
tiny
touch
delicious
复合句——同位语从句
(四)同位语从句
同位语从句是用以解释、说明某一名词的内容和实质 的从句。同位语从句在句中的作用等同于其前的名词。 常用的引导词有that 、whether、why、who、where 、 how、when等,if不能引导同位语从句。
复合句——同位语从句 1.The fact that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a big problem to the world. 有一些国家仍然贫穷这一事实对整个世界来说是一个大问题。 2.The question why so many peoplo would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion.人们仍 然在讨论这样一个问题:为什么有如此名的人感意在乡下居住而到城 里上班。 3.I have no idea who will be in charge of the company when the manager is away,我不知道经理不在的时候谁会负责公司的业务。
复合句——表语从句
表语从句中需要注意的问题
1.主语为名词reason时,表语从句的引导词要用that,一般不用why或 because The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was drunk.这么 严重的交通事故是由于司机醉酒驾驶造成的。 2.主句主语是advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等名 词时,表语从句的谓语动词常用“(should+ )动词原形”形式。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 我的建议就是我们应当讨论一下这个问题, 而不应把它放在一边。 The captain's order was that we (should) start out immediately it got dawn.船长的命令是天一亮我们就出发。
复合句——主语从句
用形式主语it引导的主语从句相当多,有些已形成固定的语法和译法. 常见的有: It is said that... 据说…… It is reported that... 据报导…… It is well known that... 众所周知…… It is announced that... 据宣布…… It is believed that... 人们相信…… It is thought that... 人们认为…… It is understood that... 自不待言…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认……
复合句——宾语从句
宾语从句的否定转移
主句谓语动词是think、believe、imagine、suppose、consider、 expect、fancy、guess等时,从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。 翻译时否定意义体现在从句上。 I don't think they'll stick out to the last minute。我认为他们不会坚 持到最后分钟的。 I don't suppose that's his fault。我认为那不是他的过错。
复合句——表语从句 1.The reason for your mistake is that you lack confidence in yourself. 你犯错误的原因是你对自己缺乏信心。 2.The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the product. 问题是我们能否降低产品的成本。 3.This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。 4.The doubt is who has got away with the document. 疑点就是谁拿走了文件。 5.It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来要下雨了。 6.It seems as if she had done a great thing.她看起来好像做了一 件分主语从句都可以用it作形式主语
为了保持句子平衡,主语从句常用it作形式主语,将主语从句 后置.用it作形式主语的主语从句结构有如下几种: 1、It is + 名词 + that从句 2、It is + 形容词 + that从句 3、It + 动词 + that从句 4、It is + 过去分词 + that从句
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