British Literature-Oliver Twist
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directly to the climax of girl’s murder. With the bloody deed the entire gang of criminals was destroyed. e. Liberal use of accidents and coincidence – to draw the numerous persons into the current of events. f. Characteristics of melodrama: the free injection of the quality of pathos (as in the case of “little Dick”); the portrait of Oliver’s mother and Monks’ scar – signs as recognition devices; evil brother, a destroyed will, assumed
7
Plot and structure a. Oliver Twist – a typical Dickens novel:
the novel develops around a core of tangled intrigue that brings together a large number of people (though on the surface their paths do not seem likely to cross) – the interrelatedness of the people. The attendant complications and their unraveling contribute a large measure of mystery and suspense b. Characteristic conflict and resolution in the novel: dual conflicts in the novel – the one between Monks and Oliver; the one between Fagin and Sikes. Through
11
Ideas (many interrelated ideas in the novel) a. Preoccupation with the miseries of poverty
(indicative of this is the motif of hunger) and the spread of its degrading effects through society (crime as one of its vile consequences). b. Crime – the by-product of poverty: a dehumanizing evil (criminals in the book are painfully alienated from the society). c. Stress on the elevating influence of a wholesome environment: the power of benevolence to overcome depravity.
8
his conspiracy with Monks, Fagin is involved in both conflicts and converges the two lines of tumultuous actions. c. The climax of Oliver’s trials: The abortive Chertsey burglary – a turning point for Oliver whose fortunes steadily improve thereafter. (the crisis is more of Fagin’s decision than of Oliver’s own volition). d. The crisis of the conflict between Fagin and Sikes: Fagin’s step of having Nancy spied upon leads
5
novel ends happily with Oliver getting his due property and being adopted by Mr. Brownlow and other rewards for the good and punishment for the evil.
6
• Selected readings Chapter 2-3: Oliver’s life in the workhouse, his “rebellion” and punishment; Chapter 19: Discussion of Fagin and Sikes on a burglary and Oliver’s assumed role in it; Chapter 28: Sarcastic depiction of the servants in the family of the attempted burglary; Chapter 48: The escape of Sikes; Chapter 52: The last night of Fagin the Jew
Oliver Twist, one of the most famousworks of Charles Dickens’,
is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 19th
century.
1
taught him to steal
10
names, and the discovery of unknown relatives. g. The romantic subplot – melodrama:
In the contest between the dark and light forces of the book, the maiden stands out in dazzling white purity. The wooer’s noble renunciation of fame and fortune for the sake of true love is a lofty tribute to virtuous sentiment. Although the romance is hardly integral to the plot, it does defer to established literary tradition and provides a center of interest for bringing the book to a conclusion.
4
Sikes, a vicious criminal, to use Oliver in a major burglary. The attempt fails, and Oliver is wounded and rescued by Mrs. Maylie. Meanwhile a person named Monks is angry with Fagin for failing to trick Oliver into a lawless life. When they are planning new tricks, Nancy, one of the gang members, goes to tell everything to Oliver’s rescuers. At this time Mr. Bownlow has managed to know about Monks and Oliver. Nancy is found out and is killed by Bill. In the final chase, Fagin is arrested and sentenced to be hanged. Bill accidentally hangs himself. The
3
The story Oliver Twist, an orphan born and raised in a workhouse(济贫院）, is apprenticed at 9 to an ndertaker. Suffering maltreatment, Oliver runs away and heads for London. On the way he is picked up by a group of thieves and is drilled in the art of picking pockets. once out for theft, Oliver is rescued by Mr. Brownlow, a kind old gentleman. But soon Oliver is recaptured by the gang. Fagin, the head of the gang, tries to involve Oliver in some crime. So he convinces Bill
works
saved
Fagin (bad man)
partners
adopted Oliver twist (hero)
Nancy (kindness)
Bill sikes (bad man)
Mr.brownlow (nice)
happy life
2
Main Characters
• Oliver Twist- The main character of the story, Oliver is an affection-starved little boy who will not commit crimes. He was abused as a young child, and only wants to be loved. His adventures make him the best of friends and the worst of enemies.
• Mr. Brownlow- A man who Oliver’s thief friends rob on the street. He takes Oliver in, and discovers his true parentage.
• Monks- Oliver’s brother and major persecutor.
• Nancy- A woman who works for Fagin and tries to help Oliver which eventually leads to her death. She is passionate, caring, and loves Sikes, who eventually kills her.
• Fagin- The main antagonist in the story, “The Jew” takes Oliver under his wing and tries to make a pickpocket out of him. He is a powerful crime leader who has an affection for only money and will kill anyone who stands in his way.
directly to the climax of girl’s murder. With the bloody deed the entire gang of criminals was destroyed. e. Liberal use of accidents and coincidence – to draw the numerous persons into the current of events. f. Characteristics of melodrama: the free injection of the quality of pathos (as in the case of “little Dick”); the portrait of Oliver’s mother and Monks’ scar – signs as recognition devices; evil brother, a destroyed will, assumed
7
Plot and structure a. Oliver Twist – a typical Dickens novel:
the novel develops around a core of tangled intrigue that brings together a large number of people (though on the surface their paths do not seem likely to cross) – the interrelatedness of the people. The attendant complications and their unraveling contribute a large measure of mystery and suspense b. Characteristic conflict and resolution in the novel: dual conflicts in the novel – the one between Monks and Oliver; the one between Fagin and Sikes. Through
11
Ideas (many interrelated ideas in the novel) a. Preoccupation with the miseries of poverty
(indicative of this is the motif of hunger) and the spread of its degrading effects through society (crime as one of its vile consequences). b. Crime – the by-product of poverty: a dehumanizing evil (criminals in the book are painfully alienated from the society). c. Stress on the elevating influence of a wholesome environment: the power of benevolence to overcome depravity.
8
his conspiracy with Monks, Fagin is involved in both conflicts and converges the two lines of tumultuous actions. c. The climax of Oliver’s trials: The abortive Chertsey burglary – a turning point for Oliver whose fortunes steadily improve thereafter. (the crisis is more of Fagin’s decision than of Oliver’s own volition). d. The crisis of the conflict between Fagin and Sikes: Fagin’s step of having Nancy spied upon leads
5
novel ends happily with Oliver getting his due property and being adopted by Mr. Brownlow and other rewards for the good and punishment for the evil.
6
• Selected readings Chapter 2-3: Oliver’s life in the workhouse, his “rebellion” and punishment; Chapter 19: Discussion of Fagin and Sikes on a burglary and Oliver’s assumed role in it; Chapter 28: Sarcastic depiction of the servants in the family of the attempted burglary; Chapter 48: The escape of Sikes; Chapter 52: The last night of Fagin the Jew
Oliver Twist, one of the most famousworks of Charles Dickens’,
is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 19th
century.
1
taught him to steal
10
names, and the discovery of unknown relatives. g. The romantic subplot – melodrama:
In the contest between the dark and light forces of the book, the maiden stands out in dazzling white purity. The wooer’s noble renunciation of fame and fortune for the sake of true love is a lofty tribute to virtuous sentiment. Although the romance is hardly integral to the plot, it does defer to established literary tradition and provides a center of interest for bringing the book to a conclusion.
4
Sikes, a vicious criminal, to use Oliver in a major burglary. The attempt fails, and Oliver is wounded and rescued by Mrs. Maylie. Meanwhile a person named Monks is angry with Fagin for failing to trick Oliver into a lawless life. When they are planning new tricks, Nancy, one of the gang members, goes to tell everything to Oliver’s rescuers. At this time Mr. Bownlow has managed to know about Monks and Oliver. Nancy is found out and is killed by Bill. In the final chase, Fagin is arrested and sentenced to be hanged. Bill accidentally hangs himself. The
3
The story Oliver Twist, an orphan born and raised in a workhouse(济贫院）, is apprenticed at 9 to an ndertaker. Suffering maltreatment, Oliver runs away and heads for London. On the way he is picked up by a group of thieves and is drilled in the art of picking pockets. once out for theft, Oliver is rescued by Mr. Brownlow, a kind old gentleman. But soon Oliver is recaptured by the gang. Fagin, the head of the gang, tries to involve Oliver in some crime. So he convinces Bill
works
saved
Fagin (bad man)
partners
adopted Oliver twist (hero)
Nancy (kindness)
Bill sikes (bad man)
Mr.brownlow (nice)
happy life
2
Main Characters
• Oliver Twist- The main character of the story, Oliver is an affection-starved little boy who will not commit crimes. He was abused as a young child, and only wants to be loved. His adventures make him the best of friends and the worst of enemies.
• Mr. Brownlow- A man who Oliver’s thief friends rob on the street. He takes Oliver in, and discovers his true parentage.
• Monks- Oliver’s brother and major persecutor.
• Nancy- A woman who works for Fagin and tries to help Oliver which eventually leads to her death. She is passionate, caring, and loves Sikes, who eventually kills her.
• Fagin- The main antagonist in the story, “The Jew” takes Oliver under his wing and tries to make a pickpocket out of him. He is a powerful crime leader who has an affection for only money and will kill anyone who stands in his way.