2020届江苏省前黄高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案

2020届江苏省前黄高级中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Some young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.
In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.
Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."
His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.
That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.
1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?
A. It was intended to solve medical problems.
B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.
C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.
D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.
2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?
A.He showed excellent programming ability.
B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.
C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.
D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.
3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?
A. Talented and caring.
B. Independent and humorous.
C. Responsible and patient.
D. Polite and inspiring.
B
Avi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.
Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”
“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.
Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.
Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.
4. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?
A. It is an icy comet.
B. It looks like a long photo.
C. It is actually some sort of rock.
D. It may come from another alien civilization.
5. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Goes against.
B. Relies on.
C. Turns to.
D. Searches for.
6. What do you think of Loeb?
A. He is foolish.
B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.
C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.
D. He is uncertain about his career future.
7. What's the best title for the text?
A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?
B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?
C. Scientists Are Working on High Technology
D. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel
C
We are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.
In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).
The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.
In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.
In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.
8. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The importance of sleep.
B. The necessity of improving sleep.
C. The way to improve our sleep.
D. The effect of sleep on health.
9. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?
A. She thinks good sleep is more important.
B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.
C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.
D. She is concerned about the nature of success.
10. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?
A. It is really of great value.
B. It is scientific and historical.
C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.
D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,
11. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?
A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.
B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.
C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.
D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.
D
Six Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchersmay have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.
While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.
The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.
Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their s “from the early Palaeolithic to theBronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性) or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.
12. What does the study mainly focus on?
A. The social behavior of Neanderthals.
B. The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals.
C. The climate change in southeasternFrance.
D. The influence of global warming on ancient animals.
13. What can possibly be used to describe the climate in southeasternFrance120,000 to 130,000 years ago?
A. It was no warmer than it is today.
B. It was first warm while later cold and dry.
C. Its change was mild and went through quite a long process.
D. Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism.
14. Which of the following might the study authors agree with?
A. Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality.
B. Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive.
C. Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes.
D. Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history.
15. Where can you most possibly find this passage?
A. In a science journal.
B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a history book.
D. In a geography book.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however.___16___Here's how:
Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. Firstyour time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying.___17___A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will
force you to realize what is happening to your time.
Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a comer of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
Make good use of your time in class.___18___Listening carefully in class means less work Inter. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material.___19___If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you'll remember it longer.
Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don't pass a test, so don’t be over worried.
___20___You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
A. This will help you understand the next class.
B. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.
C. Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.
D. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.
E. There are other methods that might help you with your studying.
F. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.
G. Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research had___21___an invitation to speak on a conference panel (专家组). It would look great on his CV (简历). I was___22___for him, of course. I had been a(n)___23___partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. Yet I hadn’t been___24___, and I wasn’t sure why.
Growing up, I had been taught that the way to___25___was to put my head down and work hard. If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be___26___. This, coupled with a natural___27___, meant that I___28___worked up the nerve to put myself forward. However, I decided that I need to___29___my life
again — by becoming my own biggest_____30_____.
So, with my_____31_____beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to_____32_____me. My mind flooded with a list of well-practiced_____33_____. Maybe I didn't deserve it. Maybe I was being too_____34_____. But my colleague immediately contacted the organizers, who quickly agreed to_____35_____me to the panel. I’ve come to understand that I can't be recognized for my work if I’m invisible. This isn’t a revolutionary_____36_____, I know, but as an introvert (内向的人) this is my_____37_____Mount Qomolangma.
I think advocating for myself will always make me a little_____38_____. But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to_____39_____I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. I suppose I can do the same for my_____40_____
21. A. turned down B. lacked for C. referred to D. led to
22. A. thankful B. happy C. sorry D. ready
23. A. legal B. mental C. equal D. special
24. A. invited B. promoted C. informed D. dismissed
25. A. practice B. success C. power D. reality
26. A. observed B. protected C. attracted D. rewarded
27. A. shyness B. warmth C. kindness D. sweetness
28. A. quietly B. frequently C. rarely D. completely
29. A. make sense of B. take control of C. pay attention to D. find fault with
30. A. advocate B. promise C. harvest D. sacrifice
31. A. brain B. bone C. heart D. stomach
32. A. question B. include C. serve D. withdraw
33. A. get-together B. background C. self-doubt D. breakthrough
34. A. stubborn B. proud C. nervous D. ambitious
35. A. add B. send C. report D. track
36. A. test B. idea C. visit D. plan
37. A. personal B. professional C. skeptical D. traditional
38. A. unreasonable B. dishonest C. uncomfortable D. discontent
39. A. figure B. predict C. record D. ensure
40. A. health B. colleague C. education D. career
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When people think of American music, they___41.___(probable) think of rap or rock-and-roll or jazz. What many may not realize is that these “American” sounds are all tied to a common place-blues music.
The blues___42.___(be)born in the Mississippi Delta area sometime in___43.___late 1800s. The music is rooted in African American slave spiritual and work songs.
Life was hard for black people in the U. S. Slavery technically had ended, but poverty and unjust laws kept people from full___44.___(free). Some former slaves stayed in the South and continued to work on farms, often___45.___their former owners. Much of the work was outside in the fields, in the unforgiving heat of the Mississippi sun. A culture of___46.___(sing) helped people deal with hardships. People sang spirituals at church and work songs in the fields___47.___(make) the days go by. Over time, this music developed into___48.___people now call "the blues".
Many blues musicians never gained fame. Leo Bud Welch is one of these musicians. He___49.___(play) the blues since he was 13. He only performed music for___50.___(family) and friends. It was not until 2013, when Welch was 81, that he recorded his first album.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.短文改错
One of my hobbies are running. I really like running, so first of all it's very cheap. It doesn't cost you some money. You can do it anywhere, as example, on a city street. If you run a lot, maybe three or four time a week, you will definitely stay in shape. After you run, it's very important drink some water. You should drink a little the water before you run and maybe you should drink a little as well when you run, especial if you ran for more than 30 minutes. Naturally, stretches are very important. Most people actually stretch before they run and I like to stretch after I run.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My sister Megan always felt a little afraid while babysitting（临时照看小孩）at the Quinns' house. It was set back from the road by a long, winding driveway, and the yard was filled with so many pine trees that she couldn't see any of the neighbors' lights.
On this particular night, the snow was falling heavily outside. The girls begged her to read them their favorite
story, and afterward they fell asleep. Megan settled on the sofa to watch an old movie on television.
Around ten o'clock, a loud knock on the door surprised her. Megan spied through the peephole（窥视孔）and saw a middle-aged man standing in the entryway.
"Who is it?" she asked.
"Your brother Ben."
Megan realized the man had mistaken her for his sister. She replied, "Mrs. Quinn can't come to the door right now. "She thought of her mother's warming: Never open the door for a stranger while you' re babysitting.
"The truth is I'm babysitting," she said through the screen. The words were out of her mouth before she remembered her mother's second warning: Don't advertise that you're alone. Megan quickly added, "Mrs. Quinn will be home soon.”
"It's awfully cold out here. Can I wait inside?" The man asked.
Megan hesitated. "Couldn't you come back in a little while?"
"I drove all the way fromNewport. I don't have anywhere else to go." The man smiled.
"Please let me in. I promise I won't bother you."
"Mrs. Quinn left a number for me to contact her," Megan said. "I'll call her and see what she says."
The smile disappeared from the man's face. "You're going to leave me outside to freeze to death in the meantime? Wait until she finds out you wouldn't let me in! You'll be in so much trouble!" With the words he left.
Megan trembled. Maybe it was true. Maybe she would get in trouble. What if Mrs. Quinn asked her why she didn't let her brother in? How could Megan explain that he was ly rude? Would Mrs. Quinn think she was not mature enough to babysit? Maybe she'd never call her again.
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A little after eleven, Mrs. Quinn came back.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
Mrs. Quinn frowned. "My brother? I don't have a brother!"
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. A
8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A
16. B 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. D
41. probably
42. was 43. the
44. freedom
45. for 46. singing
47. to make
48. what 49. has played/has been playing
50. family
51.(1).are→is
(2).so→because
(3).some→any
(4).as→for
(5).time→times
(6).在drink前面加to
(7).去掉the
(8).especial→especially
(9).ran→run
(10).and→but
52.略。