2021届人教版一轮复习学案：选修8 Unit1 A land of diversity Word

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选修8
Unit 1 A land of diversity
单词拓展1.majority n.大多数；大半major vi.专修;主攻 adj.主要的
2.occur vi.发生；出现
occurrence n.发生的事
3。

hire vt。

& n.租用;雇用
4。

elect vt.选择；选举某人
election n。

当选;选举
5。

indicate vt.指出;表明；暗示indication n。

迹象
6。

applicant n.申请人
apply v。

申请；使用;应用
application n。

申请
7.customs n。

海关；关税
custom n.风俗;习惯
customer n.顾客，客户
8。

apparent adj。

显而易见的apparently a dv。

显而易见地
9。

slip vi.滑动；滑行 n。

滑动；滑倒slipper n.拖鞋
2。

However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago。

然而，很可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了.
1。

means n。

[C]方法;手段（单复数同形)
归纳拓
展
①by means of 用……办法;借助……
②by all means 当然可以;一定；务必;尽一切办法
③by this means 通过这种方式
④by any means 无论如何
⑤by no means 决不；一点都不（位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装)高考运用：完成句子
①But he is providing a few years during which the farmers
will,perhaps,be able to find （其他适应的办法)。

(2019江苏,阅读理解D）
②（尽一切办法）,we should take immediate action to protect our environment。

③（绝不）should we give in to difficulty.
④Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important
（交通方式）。

答案：①other means of adapting ②By all means ③By no means ④means of transportation
词语辨析：
means表示“方法、手段、工具”，常与介词by搭配.
method
指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象的原理,常与介词
with搭配。

way
是最通用的词,本意是“通路”,引申作“方式、方法”讲，含义
很广。

常与介词in搭配。

approach
也有“方法，步骤,途径"的意思。

它侧重指待人接物或思考问题
的方式,常与介词to搭配。

I like her approach to the problem.
我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。

All possible means have been tried。

所有可行的方法都试过了。

Mr。

Su adopted a new method of teaching。

苏老师采用了一种新的教学方法。

Animals communicate in various ways.
动物用各种不同的方式交流。

means用作“方式,方法"讲时单复数同形。

若
all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

若
every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式.
2.majority n.大多数；大半
归纳拓展①the majority of.。

.大多数的……
②major in 主修
③in the majority 占多数
高考运用:完成句子
①For example,if you look at the audience at a classical concert，
(绝大多数） is over the age of fifty.
②（大多数的) them take an online language test before starting their programme.
③Young people （占了多数) at the meeting.
答案:①the majority ②The majority of ③were in the majority
①当a/the majority of作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致.
②当the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数都可以.
3。

occur vi。

发生;出现
归纳拓展
①It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
②
sth. occur to sb.
sth. strikes sb.
sth. come into one s mind
It occurs to sb. that-clause
It strikes sb. that-clause
⎧⎫
⎪⎪
⎪⎪
⎪⎪
⎨⎬
⎪⎪
⎪⎪
⎪⎪
⎩⎭
’某人突然想起……
高考运用:完成句子
①A great decline in young work force is likely to (发生) in China，for instance.(2019江苏卷）
②（我突然想起) to visit my parents。

③It suddenly (他突然想到) that he had left his keys in the office.
答案：①occur ②It occurred to me ③occurred to him
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①It struck me that I should visit my parents.
②It occurred to me that I should visit my parents.
①表达“发生”之意时，occur与happen可以互换;另外occur,happen，take place,break out等表示“发生;爆发"的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。

②occur结构中主语不能是人,而是想到的事情或it。

4。

take in包括；吸收；理解;欺骗;收留
归纳拓展①take apart拆开；剖析
②take on 呈现;开始雇用;与……较量
③take up 占去,占据;开始从事
④take away 拿走;消除（病痛等)
⑤take down 记下来；拆掉
⑥take over接管；接替
高考运用：语法填空
①Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take all the sights，sounds and sensations.(2019天津，阅读理解D)
②Vera Wang，Alexander Wang，Jason Wu are taking Galliano，Albaz，Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales。

(2019全国Ⅲ,阅读理解B)
③Peter will take his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
答案：①in ②on ③up
5。

team up with与……合作或一起工作
高考运用:完成句子
①Why don’t you (与……合作） Helen for the next part？
②They had encouraged Mac to carry on，and they would
(赶上） him soon。

(2019浙江卷）
③I cannot (忍受) such hot weather any longer。

④The meeting (以……结束) an encouraging song.
答案：①team up with ②catch up with ③put up with ④ended up with 6。

That is why today over 40％ of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language。

这就是今天超过40％的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。

高考运用：语法填空
①Not everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is what triggers one person may or may not trigger another。

（2019北京,七选五)
②Tom came late for the meeting。

That was he was ill。

③The reason the students favor the first one
they can carry it with them wherever they go.
答案:①why ②because ③why;is that
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting。

②Owing to the fact that Tom was ill，he was late for the meeting。