牛津深圳版三年级英语上册知识点总结(K12教育文档)

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三年级英语上册知识点总结
Unit1 Hello
重点单词及短语:apple bag
重点句型:Hello!Hi!
Good morning/Good afternoon/Good evening
Good bye!招呼语
E.g。

Hello, Song Xiangyang.
Hi, teacher.
单词拓展:banana orange watermelon pear peach lemon strawberry mango grape tomato potato cucumber onion carrot fruit vegetable
Unit2 How are you?
重点单词及短语:cat dog
重点句型:How are you?
I’m fine./Fine, thank you。

单词拓展:pig rabbit tiger mouse/rat ox horse goat sheep chick hen rooster goose lion dragon snake monkey 猴子 bear
重点单词及短语:boy girl wolf sheep egg fan picture colour draw 重点句型:Are you XXX?
Yes,I am。

No, I’m not。

‘m=am
E.g. Are you Song Xiangyang?
Yes, I am. No, I am not。

Unit4 My friends
重点单词及短语:tall short long short thin fat hand
重点句型及短语:
This is XXX。

He’s/She’s my friend.
He’s.。

./She's 。

‘s=is
E。

g. This is Yao Ming.
He’s my friend。

He's tall and strong.
单词拓展:big small
语法点拓展:比较级和最高级
形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。

原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

规则变化◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加—er ,—est
特别提醒:以-y,—er, -ow, le结尾的双音节形容词末尾加er和est。

如:healthy, funny,busy, hungry, easy, happy, early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow 等.◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r,—st
特别提醒:以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,
如unhappy—---unhappier--—-unhappiest,
untidy————untidier-——-untidiest
◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more,most
特别提醒:early ——--earlier—--—earliest
◇由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more 或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。

特别提醒◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”,还可指“程度更深”。

记住以下三个词组:further study(进修)further education(继续教育)further information (进一步的信息)
◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行,如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)
◇less作为“更少"仅用来修饰不可数名词,修饰可数名词表示“更少"要用fewer。

以下内容不作为初中英语教学内容,仅供拓展之用.
◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级,这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词.
afraid ——-— more afraid, most afraid tired -—-— more tired , most tired fond ——--- more fond , most fond glad ———-- more glad , most glad bored -——- more bored , most bored pleased-——— more pleased , most pleased ◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式,即:既可加-er/—est也可加more/most
◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高
(即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级)
empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right,correct, extremely ...
形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项
◇比较应在同类事物之间进行.
误:Your English is better than me.
正:Your English is better than mine.
◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语,最常见的三大修饰词是:a little, much, even.
以下单词也可用来修饰:any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。

My sister is a little taller than me。

Their house is much larger than ours。

另外,名词短语也可修饰比较级,说明程度.
I’m three years older than he。

特别提醒:very, quite, too不可修饰比较级.
◇避免重复使用比较级。

误:He is more kinder to small animals than I.
正:He is much kinder to small animals than I.
误:He is more cleverer than his brother.
正:He is cleverer than his brother.
◇比较要遵循前后一致的原则,注意前后呼应。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
◇序数词通常只修饰最高级。

Africa is the second largest continent。

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。

形容词副词比较级最高级重点句型归纳
◇句型一:形容词或副词比较级+than…
□注意事项:
该句型为比较级的最基本句型。

只要看到than,即可确定前面使用比较级。

He is taller than I am.
The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.
◇句型二:less + 形容词的原级 + than
□注意事项:
该句型表示“不如、不及”,特别需要注意的是,less本身就是little的比较级,后面必须跟形容词的原级,否定就造成了比较级的重复使用。

This computer is less expensive than that one。

◇句型三:as +形容词或副词的原级+ as
□注意事项:
该句型表示对比的两者程度相当,as之间必须跟形容词或副词的原级,决不能使用比较级.此外,还要确定使用形容词还是副词。

确定的依据就是根据第一个as前的动词,如果是系动词(如be,感官动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel等),那么就用形容词的原级,如果前面的动词是一般的实义动词,那么就必须用副词的原级修饰动词.
This lesson is as easy as that one.
特别提醒:as…as之间也可以跟名词,句型如下:
☆as +形容词+ a/an +单数名词+as
He is as kind a person as his father。

他和他爸爸一样都是善良的人。

☆as + many/much+不可数名词/可数名词复数+as
I can carry as much paper as you can。

你能搬多少纸,我也能。

I have as many books as you do. 我的书和你的一样多.
We'll give you as much help as we can. 我们将尽我们所能给你帮助。

其它几个关于as…as的句型:
☆as … as one can:尽其所能
He began to run as fast as he could.
☆as … as possible:尽可能
Please help us as quickly as possible。

☆as soon as…一……就……
He will call me as soon as he comes here。

◇句型四:not as/so +形容词或副词的原级+ as
□注意事项:
该句型表示“前者不如后者……",往往可以与句型一和句型二替换.第一个as可以换为so。

This classroom is not as bright as yours.
I cannot run as fast as you.
◇句型五:the +形容词或副词最高级+ in / of / among +比较范围□注意事项:
如果这里为副词最高级,前面的the常常省略。

介词in和of的用法完全不一样.in表示“在某一范围内",如:in the classroom,in the world.of表示“在同类之间”,of后面的词与主语同类,另名词前一般有冠词the.among表示“在(三者或三者以上)之间”,among后接代词或没有修饰语的名词。

The Changjiang River is the longest river in our country.
Peter is the tallest of the six students。

This picture is the most beautiful among these。

◇句型六:one of + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式
□注意事项:
one of有三大考点:1. 后跟形容词最高级;2. 后接可数名词复数形式;3。

作主语时主语为one,谓语动词用单数形式.
One of the smallest dinosaurs was about one metre long。

◇句型七:比较级+and +比较级 / more and more +多音节词的原级□注意事项:
该句型表示“越来越……",如果该形容词比较级构成形式加er,则用前面的句型;如果该形容词比较级加more构成,则用后面的句型。

It is getting hotter and hotter.
The girl is becoming more and more beautiful.
◇句型八:the +比较级+…, the +比较级+…
□注意事项:
该句型意思为“越……就越……”,表示两种情况同时变化。

The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
In the test, the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
◇句型九:be different from
□注意事项:
该句型没有运用比较级,但也是对两者事物进行比较。

注意前后比较需在同类事物中进行.
My schoolbag is different from yours。

◇句型十:the same as… / the same…as…
□注意事项:
该句型同样没有运用比较级,表示两者之间具有共同特性。

注意这里的as和same为固定搭配,不能随便变换.
I don't want to buy the same things as Amy did。

◇句型十一:比较级+than + any other +名词单数形式
□注意事项:
any other 后面跟单数名词,表示“任何别的”,即主语在范围内,必须把自身从这一范围内除去,否则逻辑上不通.如果主语不在这一范围内,那么要把other去掉,只用any即可。

Shanghai is larger than any other city in China。

(上海在中国这个范围内,所以用any other)
Shanghai is larger than any city in Jiangsu。

(上海不在江苏,所以只需用any)◇句型十二:比较级+than + the other +名词复数形式
□注意事项:
该句型相当于any other +名词单数形式,常用来进行同义句改写。

该句型与句型十一虽然波表面上都是比较级,但实际上相当于最高级.以下三句表达的是同一个意思.
Daniel is the most hard—working student in our class.
Daniel is more hard-working than any other student in our class.
Daniel is more hard—working than the other students in our class.
特别提醒:表示两者(人或物)比较时,比较的对象应是同类事物,不同类的事物之间无法进行比较.
形容词比较级最高级练习题
一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级形式。

1。

long________ 2.tidy_________ 3。

hot _____________
4。

large________ 5.thin_________ 6。

good_____________
7。

bad _________ 8。

little_________ 23。

thin ________ ________
10.much_______11.early_________ 12。

fast _____________
13.hard _______14.difficult_________15。

badly____________
16.far_________17。

carefully_________20。

often____________
21。

old ______ ________ 22. busy _________ _________
24。

many _________ _________25。

slow ________ _____
二、用形容词的适当形式填空:
1。

Bob is ________(young )than Fred but__________(tall)thanFred.
2。

He is ______ (bad) at learning math. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad)at
English。

3。

Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind)person in the world.
4 A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
5。

An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon。

6. Playing computer games is______ _____ _____ of all the activities。

(interesting)。

7. The Nile(尼羅河) is ______ ________river in the world. (long)
8。

Good health is _______ _______ ________thing life。

(important)
9。

Taking a taxi is ______ _______ way to get to the airport. (easy) 10。

She is_______ than all the other students。

(young)
四、选择正确答案:
1。

She is ________ than ________ 。

A。

busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
2。

China is ________ country in the world。

A。

the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D。

a third largest
3。

-Which is ____ season in Beijing?-I think it’s autumn。

A.good B。

better C。

best D.the best
4.— Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?-— Of course, the moon is。

A.small
B.smaller
C.smallest
D.the smallest
5。

The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.
A。

clean B。

cleaner C. cleanest D。

the cleanest
6。

Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before。

A。

cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
7 Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?
A. expensive
B.more expensive
C.the most expensive
8. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China A long B longer C the longest
9. A pig is __ than a dog。

A. much heavy
B. more heavier
C much heavier D. more heavy
10.--Which is __ season in Beijing?
--I think it’s spring.
A。

good B. well C. best D. the best
11。

The city is becoming ______.
A。

more beautiful and more
B。

more beautiful and beautiful
C。

more and more beautiful
D. more beautiful and beautifuler
12。

Which does Alice like _____ , Chinese or Art?
A。

well B. best C. better D. much
13. The Changjiang River is one of ____ in the world。

A。

the longest river B. longest rivers
C. the longest rivers
D. longer rivers
14. LiMing speaks Chinese _____ better than me.
A。

very B。

more C. a lot of D. much ]
15。

There are ____ boys in Class Two than in Class Four.
A。

more B。

many C。

most D. best
Unit5 My family
重点单词及短语:ice-cream juice
重点句型:Who's he/she?
He’s/She’s..。

E。

g. Who’s he?
He’s my father.
He's handsome。

My name is XXX。

= I’m XXX
E.g。

My name is Song Xiangyang.= I’m Song Xiangyang.
单词拓展:(称谓)father mother parents brother sister grandfather grandmother grandparent aunt uncle daughter son
(人的形容词)beautiful pretty nice kind handsome honest smart strict cool strong cute young old friendly kind shy outgoing sunshine
sugar candy
Unit6 Me
重点单词及短语:tail kite lion tiger
重点句型:
Look, this is me。

I’m thin/short/tall。

My hair is long/short。

My mouth is big/small.
Unit7 In the classroom
重点单词及短语:close/open clean door window blackboard come in come on mouth nose book
重点句型
close/open the door clean/look at the blackboard
I’m sorry。

E.g. Please close/open the door.
OK.
单词拓展:(身体部位)body face eyes eyebrow ears nose neck head fingers hands arms legs foot/feet mouth
Unit8 At the fruit shop
重点单词及短语:banana pear orange pig queen
重点句型:
How much is it?
How much are they?
E。

g。

How much is it?
It’s five yuan. /Five yuan.
How much are they?
They are ten yuan./Ten yuan。

Unit9 In my room
重点单词及短语:room book ruler pen pencil chair desk schoolbag rabbit six table
重点句型:
This is my bed.
There are my books。

Is this your XXX?
Are these your XXX?
E。

g。

Is this your pen?
Yes,it’s。

No,isn’t. isn’t=is not
E.g。

Are these your pens?
Yes, they are. No, they aren't。

aren’t= are not
单词拓展:
eraser chalk blackboard paper map dictionary sharpener 语法拓展:指示代词 this, these, that,those 的用法
1.this&these
(1)近指
(单数)This is my pen.
(复数)These are my pens.
(2)指下文要提到的事情
Please remember this: No pains,no gains。

2.that&those
(1)远指
(单数)That is her bike。

(复数)Those are my sheep。

(2)指前面刚刚提到过的事情
He was ill。

That was why he didn't go to school.
3.打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方
This is Mike speaking。

Who is that speaking?
4.That,those 常用在比较句型当中(as.。

as同级比较,。

.than 不同级别比较) The weather in Shenzhen is different from that in Beijing.
The population of China is larger than that of Japan。

The apples in this shop are much cheaper than those in that shop。

There be句型
一、专题讲解
1、定义: There be 结构“某地有某人(某物)"。

其基本句型为“There be + 某物或某人(主语) + 某地”。

2、be动词的选择: There be 结构中的谓语动词be(is / are)在人称和数上应与其后的主
语保持一致。

主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is ;主语是复数时用are。

3、具体结构:(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
E.g. There is a desk in the classroom。

在教室里有一张桌子.
(2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语。

E。

g. There are 5 apples in the box。

盒子里有五个苹果.
口诀:“有”字放前面,有“啥"放中间;时间地点放后面;单数is, 复数are;注意be的两变化。

4、句型变化:
(1)、否定句:there be的否定式通常在be后加not。

E。

g。

There is a bike under the tree。

树下有一辆自行车
There isn’t a bike under the tree。

E。

g。

There are 2 little girls in the room.在房间里有两个小女孩。

There aren’t 2 little girls in the room。

(2)、一般疑问句及其答语:
1、一般疑问句:把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可.
2、回答时,“用什么问,就用什么答”,用Is / Are there来提问,就用there is / are来回答。

肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No,there isn’t / aren't.
E。

g。

1、There are two cats in the tree。

树上有两只猫。

Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are。

No, there aren’t。

2、There is a computer on the desk . 在桌子上有一台电脑。

Is there a computer on the desk? Yes,there is. No, there isn’t.
课堂练习:1。

There is a new bed and an old desk in the room 。

否定句:
一般疑问句:
否定回答:
5、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法:
some 一些(some用于肯定句) any 一些(any用于否定句和一般疑问句)
注意:There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时,要注意把句中的some变成any。

E.g。

1、There is some water in the bottle .在瓶子里有一些水。

There isn't any water in the bottle。

(否定句) Is there any water in the bottle?(一般疑问句)
2、There are some children in the picture. 图片里有一些小孩。

There aren't any children in the picture。

(否定句) Are there any children in the picture?(一般疑问句)
课堂练习:1。

——Are there _____ shops near here?—- No, there are _____ shops near here。

A。

some, not B. some, any C. any, not D. any, no
2.There are some tables on the floor.(变为否定句)
6、就近原则:
若句子中有几个并列的主语时 be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保
持一致。

E。

g. 1.There is a pen, two pencils and some books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书.
2.There are two pencils, a pen and some books on the desk。

书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。

3.There some books,two pencils and a pen on the desk。

书桌上有一些书、两支铅笔和一支钢笔。

课堂练习:There milk and eggs on the table 。

在桌子上有牛奶和鸡蛋. There eggs and milk on the table。

7、“there be” 和“have”的区别
There be表示“存在有” ;have(has)表示“所属有”.他们都翻译为“有”,但具体用法不
相同,且两种结构不能同时合用。

E.g.1、I have a book .我有一本书.(注:书归我所有,我是书的主人。

→ 所属有)
2、There is a book on the desk 。

在桌子上有一本书。

(书只是存在于桌子上,但书不属于桌子所有。

)
8、常见的的介词和介词短语:
介词:at 在.。

.。

in 在..。

.。

里面 on 在..。

.。

上面
under 在。

.。

...下面 behind 在...。

.。

后面 near 在.。

..。

附近
介词短语举例:
at home 在家 in the box 在盒子 on the floor 在地板上 in front of 在……前面
under the tree 在树下 behind the door 在门后面 near the zoo 在动物园附近
(2)变式练习
一、用恰当的be动词填空。

1. There ___ __a map on the wall.
2。

There ___ __many things on her desk.
3。

There __ __a big dog and a small cat near the table.
4. There _____two bikes under the tree。

5。

There __ _a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box.
二、单选题
1. ______ there a radio on your desk?
A. Are
B. Is
C. Am
2. ____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______.
A。

Are / is B。

Is / are C。

Is /
is D。

Are /are
3.There ___ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table.
A。

has B. are C.am D.is
4。

There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table.
A。

is B。

are C.am D。

have
5。

There_______ some water in the cup .
A. is
B.am C。

are D. be
三、巩固练习
1.把下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。

1.I have a ping—pong ball。

否疑
2.There is a book and a pen in the bag.
否疑
四、单选题
1。

There_______ some water in the cup .
A. is
B. am
C. are D。

be
2。

______there a book on the desk now ?
A。

Is B。

Are C. Were D。

Was
3. How many people ______in your family ?
A. do you have B。

are there C. you had D. there are
4.There ______any trees in front of the classroom.
A. isn't B。

aren’t C。

hasn't D。

haven’t
5. There ______sheep in the field .
A。

is B. are much C. are many D。

are a
6. There are ______in the field 。

They are eating grass。

A。

a horse B。

much horses C。

many horse D. many horses
7。

There ______a new bed and an old desk in the room .
A. is B。

are C。

have D.has
8.______any trees in the picture ?
A。

Is there B。

Are there C. Was there D. Were there
9。

There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.
A. is a B。

are some C。

has a D. have some
10。

How many ____ are there in your classroom?
A. desks B。

desk C。

chair D。

door
家庭作业
一、填上恰当的be动词
1.There ____ two women in the kitchen.
2.There ____ an orange in the basket。

3。

There ____ three pens on the table。

4. ____ there any birds in the tree?
5。

There ____ some girls playing in the park. 6.There ____ many animals in the zoo.
7.There ____ twenty apples on the tree。

8.There ____ four seasons in a year.
二、按要求完成句子
1。

There is a computer in my house. (一般疑问句) _____ ______ a computer in ______ house?
2。

There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk。

(一般疑问句)
______ ______ ______ flowers on the teachers’ desk ?
3。

There aren’t any apples on the tree.(变回肯定句) There ______ ______ apples on the tree。

4. There is a pear in the box.(变否定句) There ______ a pear in the box.
5。

There are fifty students in my class。

(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ students are there in your class?
Unit10 Numbers
重点单词及短语:shoe chick gate uncle van
重点句型:
How many boys?
Three boys。

单词拓展:(基数词)one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen
eighteen nineteen twenty
(序数词) first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
语法拓展:可数名词&不可数名词
一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词.可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people, family 等)。

如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。

不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等).
二、关于可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。

名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:
1. 一般的名词词尾直接加—s .
如:book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days
2。

以s, es, ch, sh, x结尾的名词,在词尾加—es .如:
bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box →
boxes
3. 以”辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。

如:
ci ty → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。

4。

以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es.如:
half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives
5。

特例[悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。

]
① child → children ② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen (规律:man → men)
③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes Negro→Negroes hero→heroes [初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的加-s!如:photo → photos ]
④ foot → feet tooth → teeth[悄悄话: oo变成ee.]
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话:变复数时词形不变。


⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数;people的复数形式peoples 通常指“多个民族"。

三、关于不可数名词
1. 不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。

如:water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁)→ oranges (橘子)
3。

很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化.
如:fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs
四、名词可数不可数“六注意”
1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。

可数名词有单数和复数形式。

如:desk—desks,apple—apples等。

不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。

不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。

如:some bread, a little milk等.
2、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the;而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the.如:
He is a factory worker。

他是一名工人。

No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气.
3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示”一些,许多”.如:
There are some/a lot of oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。

There is a lot of/some water in the bottle。

瓶里有许多水.
4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。

如:two apples, four books
等。

不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。

如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

a pair of shoes 一双鞋子
5、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。

如:
These pictures is/are very beautiful。

这幅画很美。

This orange is very sweet.
不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时,谓语动词要用复数形式.
如:There are two cups of tea on the table。

桌上有两杯茶。

6、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。

如:many修饰可数名词 much修饰不可数名词
How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?
How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?water
注意:对不可数名词前的”单位词”的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how many。

如:How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?
英语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词.这两种名词在用法上是有区别的,现归纳如下:
一、可数名词有单数、复数之分,如: map→maps;onion→onions;baker→bakers 不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。

如: some water;a lot of bread
二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a (an);而不可数名词不能用a(an).如:Li Hong is a driver。

I am a teacher。

李红是一名司机,我
是一名教师。

We can’t see milk on the table.我们看不见桌上有牛奶。

[友情提醒]在表示特指时,不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词the。

如:
Pass me the ball,please。

请把球传给我。

The chicken on the plate is yours。

盘子里的鸡肉是你的.
三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用many等词修饰。

如:many apples,a lot of tomatoes,a few pens
不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。

如:much meat,a little bread,little water
[Tips]这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of (lost of)等修饰.如:some eggs/paper(纸)。

A lot of (lots of) knives/orange juice
四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。

如: three women,ten babies
不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+ 不可数名词”。

如:
two glasses of milk—-两杯牛奶five pieces of bread——五片面包
五、可数名词做主语时,谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致.不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式.如:There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有些米饭。

All the students are in the classroom.所有的学生都在教室里。

[Tips]如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词须用复数形式。

如:There are two bags of rice in the room。

房间里有两袋子大米.
六、对可数名词的数量提问用how many;对不可数名词的数量提问要用how much,但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用how many.如:
I can see two pictures on the wall.→How many pictures can you see on the wall?
There is a lot of pork in the basket.→How much pork is there in the basket?
I want three glasses of water。

→How many glasses of water do you want?
七、另外,有些集合名词也是可数名词,但不同的是,它们以单数形式出现,表示复数概念,如people,police,family等;而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现,如clothes,glasses(眼镜)等;有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如Japanese,sheep,Chinese等。

如:
The Chinese people are hardworking and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢。

The sports clothes are new。

这些运动服是新的。

I have one sheep. He has two sheep。

我有一只羊,他有三只羊。

可数与不可数名词的练习
1.将可数名词变成复数形式:
book ______ house ______ watch______ bus ______
body ______ city_____ wife ______ half ______
child ________ woman_____ hero ______ potato_______
foot ______ boy _____ girl_______ tree ________
2。

选择填空:
1.The deer has four ______
A。

foot B。

feet C. feets D. foots
2.Her two brothers are both ______.
A. policeman
B. policemans C。

policemen D. policemens
3.There are four _____ and two ______ in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen
B. Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese, Germans 4.Two ______ would come to the village。

A。

woman-doctors B。

women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5.Can you see nine _____ in the picture?
A. sheep
B. dog C。

pig D. horse
6.The _____ has two ______.
A。

boys, watches B。

boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7.The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed。

A。

tooth B。

tooths C. teeth D。

teeths
8.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A。

woman B。

women C. man D。

men
9.There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table。

A。

tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss
10。

The cat caught two ______ last night. A。

mouses B. mice C。

mouse D. mices
3。

用所给名词的适当形式填空。

1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5。

There are five________(people ) in his family.
6。

Let’s take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
8. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now。

9。

Their________(dictionary) look new.
11. They are________(woman) doctors.
12. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?
13。

There are many________(fox) in the picture。

14. I would like some apple________(juice)。

I am very thirsty。

Unit11 Small animals
重点单词及短语:rabbit mouse fish yellow zoo animal
重点句型:
What is it?
It's a rabbit。

单词拓展:(颜色)颜色的拓展:黑色black 蓝色blue 绿色green 紫色 purple 黄色yellow红色red 粉红色pink 橙色orange 棕色brown 灰色gray
语法拓展:a/an 不定冠词的用法
冠词是一种虚词,放在名词前面,帮助说明名词的含义.它分为不定冠词(a,an)和定冠词(the)两种。

本次主要学习不定冠词a和an的用法。

1.a和an的用法
2.a 和 an的区别 a e i o u
a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。

e.g.an actor a doctor an apple a student a teacher an hour
注:hour, honest 等单词以及f,h,l,m,n,s,x等辅音字母,发音是以元音音素开头的,所以当它们前面需加不定冠词时用an;相反,useful,university,European 等单词的发音却是以辅音音素开头,当它们前面需加不定冠词时用a。

e。

g。

a university an hour
Exercises(练习):
一、选择正确的选项.
()1)—Excuse me,is this egg?
—No,it’s cake。

A。

an;a B.a;a C.a;an D.an;an
( )2)There is “u”and “h” in the word “hour"。

A.an;an B。

a;a C。

an;a D。

a;an
()3)—Be careful!There is dog lying on the ground。

-Thanks a lot.
A.a B。

an C。

the D。

/
二、选择正确的答案。

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