后接of用法

后接of,from,in,on的动词短语
1．后接of的动词短语
*accuse sb of sth因某事控告某人 the accused被告
They accused him of taking bribes．他们控告他受贿。

I haven’t accused him of anything．我没有指责他任何事。

*approve of赞成，同意
Her father will never approve of her marriage to you．他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。

Do you approve of hunting？你赞成打猎吗？
*assure sb of sth使确信；使保证
He assured her of his devotion．他使她确信他的挚爱。

I assured you of my support．我保证支持你。

*beware of对．．．小心；谨防；留意
Beware of fire．小心火烛。

Beware of pickpockets．谨防扒手。

Beware of the dog．当心狗。

*boast of（about）自夸；吹牛；说大话；自吹自擂*boast oneself of自负；自夸。

It is nothing to boast of．这没有什么可夸耀的。

Great boast, small roast．[谚]说得多, 做得少。

You shouldn’t boast of your success．你不该对你的成功自吹自擂。

*complain of（about）抱怨；抗议；说自己有病（of）She is always complaining about something．她总是怨天尤人。

The boy complained of a pain in his stomach．这孩子说他肚子痛。

*consist of由．．．组成（只用作主动态）Substances consist of small particles called molecules．物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。

What does this horrible drink consist of？这个难喝的饮料是由什么组成的？
*consist in存在于
The beauty of the artist’s style consists in its simplicity．这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。

*consist with（与．．．）一致；并存，并立
The information consists with her account．这消息与她的描述是一致的
*convince sb of（about）sth使某人相信某事，使某人信服
How can I convince you of her honesty？我怎样才能使你相信她很诚实呢？
*convince oneself of充分弄明白［清楚］
*cure sb of sth治愈, 治疗
They can only cure him of his illness if they operate on him．只有给他做手术才能治好他的病。

Parents try to cure their children of bad habits．父母试图改掉孩子的恶习。

*despair of绝望；失去全部希望
She despaired of reaching shore safely．她失去安全到达岸边的希望。

I despair of ever teaching him anything．我对他进行任何教育都失去了信心。

*dream of（about）梦见，梦到，梦想
I dreamt of you last night．昨晚我梦到你了。

His dream of being a doctor has come true．他当医生的愿望实现了。

（名词）
I never dreamed of meeting you here．我绝对未想到在这里遇到你。

Little did I dream of succeeding so well．我做梦也想不到如此圆满的成功。

*expect sth of（from）sb期待，期望
Hope for the best, but expect the worst．做最大的希望，但也等待最大的失望。

I was expecting a present from her，so I was disappointed I didn’t receive one．我原来一直盼望着能收到她的礼物，所以因得不到而失望。

There is no need to give me the money，I don’t expect it of you．没有必要给我钱，我没指望你会给钱。

We expect a great deal of you，Mr．Smith．史密斯先生，我们对你期望很高。

*be/get rid of使摆脱；使去掉
He is rid of fever．他的烧退了。

He was finally able to rid himself of all financial worries．他终于能使自己摆脱所有的财政忧虑。

It took me a long time to get rid of him．我费了很长时间才摆脱了他。

*smell of散发(．．．的)气味，有(．．．的)气味smelly[] adj．发臭的
smell of the shop带有商人习气 What a smell！多难闻的气味啊！
My hands smell of soap．我手上有香皂味儿。

The house smells of paint．这房屋有油漆的气味。

*suspect of怀疑（有犯罪之嫌疑），猜想，对．．．有所觉察[]
I haven’t accused him of anything，but I suspect him of having taken it．
我没有指责他，但我还是怀疑他拿走了那个东西。

suspect sb．of a crime怀疑某人犯罪 The police suspect her of murder．警察怀疑她犯了谋杀罪。

suspect嫌疑犯[]
*think of（about）考虑；想起，记得；想出(主意) I can’t think of his name at the moment．我一时想不起他的名字。

Whatever made you think of such a thing？什么使你想起了这么一件事？
Can you think of a good place for the holidays？你能想出度假的好地方吗？
*be/get tired of使…厌烦；使…的兴趣或耐心耗尽；使…厌倦
I am tired of watching TV．我看腻了电视。

I got tired of life．我厌倦了生活。

*warn of警告/提醒某人关于某事；（against）让某
人警惕或提防某人/某事物
The police are warning motorists of possible delays．警察通知驾驶汽车的人交通可能受阻。

He warned us against pickpockets．他告诉我们要小心扒手。

I warned him of the danger，but he wouldn’t listen to me．我警告他有危险，可他就是不听。

2．后接from的动词短语
*borrow sth from sb从某处借某物
I borrowed a book from the library yesterday．How much have you borrowed from me already？
*defend sb/sth from(against) sth/sb保护某人／某物免受伤害；为支持某人／某物而行动
defend sb from attack保护某人免受攻击；defend one’s country against enemies卫国抗敌
defend oneself against enemy防御敌人
*demand from(of)要求，请求 demand for 要求，请求（demand的为名词）
demand an apology from sb要求某人道歉
The workers’ demands for higher pay were refused by the employers．工人要求提高工资遭到雇主拒绝。

*differ from sb/sth与某人/某物不同，有区别
In this respect，French differs from English．在这方面，法语不同于英语。

(=French and English differ in this respect．)法语和英语有区别。

They differ from each other so much．他们俩差异太大。

*dismiss sb from sth免除某人职务；开除，解雇；把某人打发走
Jones was dismissed from the firm．琼斯被公司解雇了。

The duchess(公爵夫人) dismissed the servant from her presence．公爵夫人让那个仆人退下。

*draw sth from／out of取出，拔出，抽出，获取/汲取
I drew a lot of money from the bank yesterday．昨天我从银行取了一大笔钱。

We can draw some lessons for the future from this accident．从这起事故中，我们可以为今后汲取教训。

What conclusions did you draw from your study？你从研究中得出了什么结论？
*emerge from sth从…中露出/现出/出来
emergence（名词：露出，现出）注意区别：emergency紧急事件
Did anything emerge from your discussion？你们的讨论有什么结果吗？
The swimmer emerged from the lake．游泳者从湖中出来。

The moon emerged from behind the clouds．月亮从云层后露出。

*escape from从…逃走/逃脱
A lion has escaped from it cage．一头狮子从笼中逃走了。

Many people escaped from the prisons during the last five years．过去5年，许多人逃离了监狱。

*excuse sb from sth免除某人的责任、惩罚等。

*excuse sb for(doing)sth宽恕/原谅某人某事；为某人的行为辩护
Excuse me for being late．原谅我来晚了。

excuse oneself for one’s misbehavior为自己的错误行为辩护
Sickness excused him from coming．患病是他不来的理由。

They may be excused from doing this exercise．他
们可以免做这一练习。

（口语：原谅我打扰你一下。

Excuse me！ Excuse my interrupting you．）
*hinder sb from sth/doing sth阻碍/妨碍某人的进展
Mr．Smith hindered me from working at the office．史密斯先生阻止我在办公室里办公。

*prevent sb from doing sth阻止/妨碍某人/某事Scientists have already prevented a disease from spreading．科学家已经阻止了疾病的蔓延。

Nothing will prevent him from succeeding．什么也不能阻止他取得成功。

Nobody can prevent them from getting married．没人能阻止他们结婚。

*prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事Children should be prohibited from smoking．儿童应禁止吸烟。

The law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children．法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。

*protect sb from(against) sth保护/保卫某人
This warm coat will protect you from/against the
cold．这件暖和的大衣会使你免受着凉。

*receive sth from sb接到，收到
Did you receive a letter from your parents？你收到父母的来信了吗？
*separate sb/sth from sb/sth使某人（某物）分离（分开）
I separated them from each other because they were fighting．我把他俩分开了，因为他们在打架。

The patients should be separated from the others．这个病人应该隔。

I am separated from my wife．我和妻子分居了。

*suffer from遭受痛苦、悲伤、疼痛、不适
She often suffers from colds．她经常感冒。

Do you suffer from headaches？你常头痛吗？3．后接in的动词短语
*believe in信仰；信奉；信任believable[]adj． B elieve it or not．[口语]信不信由你。

They believe in Christianity．他们信基督教。

The manager believes in him．经理信任他。

I believe in taking my time．（believe in doing sth
相信或肯定某事物的价值或正确性）我认为从容不迫是对的。

或：我坚持慢慢来。

He believes in getting plenty of exercises．他相信多做运动必有好处。

*delight in sth／doing sth以某事为乐；喜欢做某事
He delights in annoying me．他老爱打扰我。

He delights in teasing his younger sister．他以戏弄他妹妹为乐。

*be employed in雇佣，使用
He was employed in a factory before he joined the army．参军前，他受雇于一家工厂。

He was busily employed in cleaning his shoes．他正忙着擦鞋呢。

*encourage sb in in sth鼓励或支持某人
Don’t encourage bad habits in a child．不要助长孩子的坏习惯。

You must encourage him in his efforts．你必须鼓励他继续努力。

*engaged sb in sth使某人参加或从事某事；be engaged in sth/doing sth忙于…．；be engaged to sb订婚。

I have no time to engage in gossip．我无暇闲聊。

I engaged him in conversation．我让他加入谈话。

She was engaged in reading English．她正忙着读英语呢。

Tom is engaged to Anne．汤姆已与安妮订婚。

*be experienced in在…有经验/阅历；熟练
He is experienced in looking after the children．他有照料孩子的经验。

*fail in在…方面失败，未通过…
He climber failed in his attempt to reach the summit．登山者未能登上山巅。

I passed in maths but I failed in French．我数学及格，但法语未通过。

He has been failing in health for the last two years．近两年，他的健康状况每况愈下。

*help sb in(with)帮助某人做某事
I suppose I can count on you for help in this matter？我认为在这件事上，我能指望你给予些帮助。

Please help me with this heavy case．请帮我搬一下这个沉重的箱子。

*include in包括
The waiter’s tip is included in his work．服务
员的小费包含在其服务中。

Detailed instructions are included in the booklet．小册子中有详细说明。

*indulge in沉醉／沉溺于．．．．．．，纵情享受，饱享The man indulged himself in eating and drinking．这个男人纵情于吃喝。

He always indulges in a long hot bath before going to bed at night．
晚上临睡前，他总要享受一下泡在浴缸里洗上半天热水澡的美滋味。

*instruct in教导，教授
He should be instructed in his duties．应当教会他履行自己的职责。

Mr．Lee instructed us in English three years ago．李老师三年前教我们英语。

*interested in对．．．．．．感兴趣
Are you interested in music？你对音乐感兴趣吗？I’m interested in reading English novel s．我对读英语小说感兴趣。

*invest in投资
He invested a lot of money in shipping．他在运输业中投入了许多资金。

She’s invested a lot of emotional energy in that business．她为那事业费尽心血。

*involved in卷入，参与
Two or three people were involved in the accident．事故中伤了两三个人。

He was involved in a heated argument．他参与了一场激烈的争论。

*persist in坚持，执意
He persisted in asking questions．他不停地问问题。

He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle．他执意要骑那辆破自行车。

*share in分享，分摊
She shares in my troubles as well as my joys．她与我同甘共苦。

I will share in the cost with you．我愿与你分摊费用。

4．后接on的动词短语
*act on sth奉行，遵照，根据…执行；对…起作用，生效
I shall certainly act on your advice．我将按照
你的建议来做。

Does the drug take long to act on the brain？这药要过很长时间才会对大脑产生作用吗？
*base sth on sth以…为根据/依据
I base on my hopes on the good news we had yesterday．我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。

The film was based on a novel by Dickens．这部电影是以狄根斯的小说为根据的。

*call in on sb拜访
Let’s call in on John．咱们去拜访约翰吧！Let’s call at John’s house．咱们去约翰家吧！Let’s call in on John at John’s house．
*comment on sth评论，发表意见
I refuse to comment on his work．我拒绝评论他的工作。

The minister declined to comment on the rumors of his resignation．部长拒绝就他的辞职发表评论。

*concentrate on集中精力/注意力
Please concentrate on what you are doing．集中精力做好你的工作。

I can’t concentrate on my work when I am
hungry．我饿了就无法集中精力工作。

*congratulate on祝贺，道贺
He congratulated me on having got engaged．他对我的订婚向我道贺。

We congratulated him on having come first on his exams．我们祝贺他考试得了第一名。

*consult sth/sb about请教，查阅；找（医生）诊治 consult with sb与某人商量（事情）consult about the matter商议此事consult with counsel与法律顾问商议
I consulted a doctor about my pains．我找过医生诊治病痛。

特别注意：consult a doctor about one’s illness找医生治病
consult reference books翻阅参考书
consult the dictionary查辞典
*count on依靠，依赖，信赖
I suppose I can count on you for help in this matter．
Don’t count on a salary increase this year．别指望今年会加薪。

*decide on考虑后做出决定，下决心
We have decided on Paris for our next holiday．我们已决定下次度假去巴黎。

*depend on依靠，依赖，信赖
You can depend on me．你可以信赖我。

Children must depend on their parents．孩子们必须依赖他们的父母
You can depend on his honesty．你可以相信他的诚实。

*economize on节省，节约，节俭
We must economize on fuel．我们必须节省燃料。

特别注意：economy经济 economist经济学家ecnomics经济学
*embark on开始，从事
We have embarked on a new scheme．我们开始了一项新的计划。

He embarked on a long journey．他开始了漫长的旅行。

*experiment on/upon sth进行试验/实验
They began by experimenting on rats．他们开始用老鼠做试验。

*insist on sth/doing sth一定要…；坚决主张；坚持
I insisted on your telling me the truth．我一定要你告诉我真相。

She kept insisting on her innocence．她坚持说她是清白的。

*lean sth on/upon/against sth使某物靠在另一物上
Don’t lean on that shelf！You’ll regret it！别靠在那个架在上！你会后悔的！
The old man leaned(=leant) upon his stick．那个老先生拄着个拐杖。

*live on以某物为食；依靠
He’s never done any work．He lives on his mother．Do you live on fruit and vegetables？你靠吃水果和蔬菜生活吗？
*operate on动手术
They can only cure him of his illness if they operate on him．只有给他做手术才能治好他的病。

The doctors decided to operate on her immediately．医生决定马上给她动手术。

*perform on履行，执行；表演，演奏
perform a task执行任务perform skilfully on the flute熟练地吹奏横笛。

Has this play ever been performed on the stage？这个戏剧在舞台上表演过了吗？
*pride oneself on sth/doing sth以…而自豪；得益于…
She prides herself on her clean house．她对自己干净的房屋非常得意。

He prides himself on remaining calm in an emergency．他在紧急关头十分镇静而感到自豪。

*rely on指望，依赖
You can never rely on him to be punctual．你别指望他守时。

You must rely on your parents for tuition．你必须靠父母缴学费。

*vote on(motion动议)投票，表决
voted yes on the motion对这项动议投赞同票voting against the measure投票反对提案
took a vote on the issue．在这个问题上采取投票（vote为名词）
If we can’t agree，let’s vote on it．咱们意见要是不一致就表决吧。

*vote for投票/表决赞成
We all voted for the motion．我们都投票赞成这个
动议。

*write on/about撰写关于…的文章
Don’t write on the desk．
Her joy is written on her face．他的脸上显露出喜悦的心情。

Her heroic image is written on our hearts．她的英雄形象永远铭刻在我们心中。

She writes on/about politics for a weekly journal．她为一家周刊撰写政治性文章。