地下通信线缆敷设
05X101-2《地下通讯电缆敷设》
GUOJIJIANZHUBIAOZHUNSHEJI 05×101-2地下通讯电缆敷设The Laying of the Underground Communication Wires and Cables Published by China Architecture Standard Research and Design InstituteThe laying of the underground communication wires and cables Approved by: The Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China Making unit: Wuzhou Engineering Design and Research Institute Implementation on: March 1, 2005 Approval Number: J Z [2005] No.14 The unified number: GJBT – 8244 The atlas number 05X101-2 The principal of the making unit:The technical principal of the making unit: The technical approver:The design principal:The instruction for the standard making1.The design rationale1.1The document released by the Ministryof Construction: J Z No [2004] 46,The Notification on Issuing TheWorking Plan of the Making of theNational Construction DesignStandard of 20041.2The current national and industrialstandards and regulations1.2.1The Regulation on the Project Designof the User Lines of the LocalTelephone Network, YD5006 – 2003;1.2.2The Regulation on the Acceptanceand Checking of the CommunicationLine Project of the Local Network,YD5051 – 97;1.2.3The Regulation on the Design of theCommunication Pipeline and ChannelEngineering; YD5007 – 2003;1.2.4The Technical Regulation on theConstruction and Acceptance andChecking of the Communication PipeEngineering, YD5103 – 2003;1.2.5The Regulation on the Design of theCommunication for the IndustrialEnterprises; GBJ42 – 81;1.2.6The Regulation on the Design of theUrban Engineering of theUnderground Plastic Pipes forCommunication, CECS 165:20041.2.7The Regulation on the Load of theConstruction Structure, GB50009 –2001;1.2.8The Regulation on the Design of theMarshalling Structure, GB50003 –2001.2 The range of applicationThis atlas is applied in the constructionand installation of the outdoor underground communication lines of the civil building and industrial enterprises of the newly-construction, re-construction and enlargement engineering under the normal conditions. The construction and installationof the outdoor underground lines of other weak electricity rooms can refer to this atlas.3. Main content3.1 This atlas is the revised edition of the atlasof The Installation of the Underground Communication Lines (94X101 - 2)3.2 This atlas adds the new content on the basis of The Installation of the Underground Communication Lines (94X101 - 2) so as to meet the demands in the various engineering.The newly-added content mainly contains the laying method of the optical cables and the content dealing with the new-type pipes (double wall wave plastic pipe, silicon chip plastic pipes, grid plastic pipes, cell plastic pipes and multi-hole plastic pipes) and the small scale manhole.3.3 The common small scale manhole in the atlas of The Installation of the Underground Communication Lines (94X101 - 2) is kept inthis atlas, and the uncommon large scale manhole is deleted. When such middle and large scale manholes are needed in the engineering, the constructing method can be referred to in The Atlas of the Manhole and Pipe and Block Group in the CommunicationGJBT – 8244:05×101-2Pipes (YDJ - 101).3.4 For the constructing method of the cablechannel, please refer to The Laying of theCable of 35kv and Lower Voltage (94D101-5).3.5 The main content of the atlas3.5.1 The directly buried cable line3.5.2 The directly buried optical cable line3.5.3 The pipe cable line3.5.4 The pipe optical cable line4. The selection of the equipmentsThe cement pipes, steel pipes, PVC pipes,grid plastic pipes, double-wall wave plasticpipes, silicon chip plastic pipes, cell plasticpipes and multi-hole pipes can be selected asthe pipelines. When the conditions permit, thePVC pipes, double-wall wave plastic pipes,silicon chip plastic pipes, cell plastic pipes andmulti-hole pipes should be used as much aspossible.5. Manhole5.1 The manholes in this atlas is only appliedfor the common constructing method in theenvironment of the types of 2a and 2b, and therequirements in the special conditions such asanti-corrosion and the collapsible loess area,etc. If there are the special conditions, theengineering designing unit will designaccording to the relative regulations.5.2 This atlas is applied in the area with theseismic intensity of 7.5.3 On the designed manhole, the casing soil(excluding the small scale manhole) is 400 –800, and the living load is level -20.5.4 The manhole can be divided into threekinds according to the waterproof level:Water level Fundus –below1.0mFundus 0.5– 1.0mFundus over0.5mType ofthe sapCommon Anti-damp Waterproof 5.5 MaterialThe intensity level of the bricks: MU10The intensity level of the mortar: refer to the detailed drawingThe intensity level of the reinforced concrete:C30The steel bar: HPB235(Q235); HRB335(20mMnSi)The steel bar protective layer: 25The cement used in the cushion coat: C155.6 The holes should be opened at the sidewalls of the manhole, the sizes and standard height should be determined by the engineering design. When the distance between the top of the hole and the bottom ofthe board h is less than the width of the hole(A or B), the lintel (A or B) should be added.5.7 There are two kinds of diameters of theholes on the cover, D=800 and D=710, the selection of the diameter should be determinedby the engineering design.5.8 The feature value of the bearing capacityof the foundation is 130 kPa, and the coefficient of compaction of the foundation should be larger than 0.94.5.9 The amount of the pipes accommodatedby the manholesThe maximum amount of theaccommodated pipes (hole)TypeStandard pipe(the diameter is90 mm)The multi-holepipe (thediameter is 28mm to 32 mm)The small scalemanhole18 54 The hand hole 4 12The small scalehand hole2 66 Other indications6.1 All the iron components in the atlas shouldbe galvanized.6.2 Besides special indication, all the unit ofthe size in the atlas are mm.The table on the minimum net distance between the communication pipe and otherunderground pipelines and the buildingsThe name of other underground pipelines and buildings The parallelNet distance(m)The crossing net distance (m)The existing building 2.0 - The red line of the buildings inplanning1.5 -d < 300mm 0.5300mm < d < 500mm 1.0The watersupply piped > 500mm 1.50.5Sewage drainage pipe 1.0[1]0.15[2] Thermal pipe 1.0 0.25 P < 0.3MPa 1.0Gas pipe 0.3MPa < P <0.8MPa 2.00.3[3]Less than 35KV 0.5Electric cable 35KV and over35KV 2.00.5[4]Foundation side of thehigh-pressure tower2.5 -Communication pipe 0.5 0.25Arbor 1.5AfforestationBush 1.0- Rod above the ground 0.5 – 1.0 - curb 1.0 -Rail 2.0 - Ditch (foundation base) - 0.5 Culvert (foundation base) - 0.5 Rail foot for the trolley bus - 1.0 Rail foot for the train - 1.0The table on the minimum net distance between the directly buried cables, optical cables and other underground pipelines and the buildingsThe name of other underground pipelines andbuildings The parallel netdistance (m)The crossing netdistance (m)d < 300mm 0.5300mm < d < 500mm 1.0The water supplypiped > 500mm 1.50.5Sewage drainage pipe 1.0 0.5 Thermal pipe 1.0 0.5P < 0.4MPa 1.0Gas pipe0.4MPa < P <1.6MPa2.00.5Communication pipe 0.75 0.25Suburb arbor 2.0 -Urban arbor 0.75Construction red line (or foundation) 1.0 -Gutter 0.80.5Less than 35KV 0.5Electric cable35KV and over35KV 2.00.5Note:1.When the branch drainage pipe is laid latter, the horizontal net distance between theconstruction border and the pipes should not be less than 1.5m.2.When the pipes are crossing under the drainage pipe, the net distance should not be less than0.4m, and the communication pipes should be enveloped.3.In the range of 2m of the crossing site, there should be no jointing devices and accessories forthe gas pipes; if the condition above can not be avoided, the communication pipes should be enveloped.4.If the protective pipes should be added to the electric cables, the net distance can be reducedto 0.15m.The protective measures taken to the directly buried cables and optical cables against themechanical damagesDevice ProtectivemeasuresSteel pipe Used in the place where the pipe should cross the railway and must cross the road (with the pipe bushing), the steel pipe should be selected.Plastic pipe Used in the place where the pipe should cross the road or the gravels or other simple road, the PVC pipe can be used.Conduit The routine of the directly buried cable is beside the road, which can endure the passing-by of the heavy duty vehicles, and the place of which the foundation soil is very soft. Such placeshould be protected by the conduit, it can only be used to cross the road. The conduit iscomposed of the consecutively laid protective tile-style structures. In the urban area the cementprotective tile should be used, in the suburb, the protective conduit made up of the glass steelcan be used. For the place where it is difficult to prepare the devices, it can also use the brickwalls to protect.Planes of the reinforced concrete (it can be replaced by the stone planes in the area with abundant stones) If the excavation is difficult for some reasons, and the buried depth can’t reach the regulated value, or there is the place where the covering earth on the optical cable might be scoured by the flood, or for the gutters and ponds of dredging up and mud excavation, the planes of the reinforced concrete should cover on the optical cable.Water-preventing wall, founder slope For the place where the cable crosses the slopes or ponds or scoured by the floor, it should be consolidated or blocked, or the measures of distributaries can be taken, or the water-preventing walls or the founder slope can be constructed.S-shape laying The optical cables covered by the steel pipe can be laid at the place with the gradient over 20°, if the gradient of the place is over 30°,the optical cable can be protected by the aluminum pipesor the steel wire suite. When the length of the slope is over 30 cm, the cables can be laid in an Sshape, if it cannot be laid in an S shape because of the restrictions of the conditions, the opticalcables can be fixed with the method used for the traditional metal consolidation, such as pittingor ledger. When passing the small river, the place should be reserved.Fitting sap The plastic tile or plastic pipe can be used in the optical cable fitting pipe, or the cement board can be covered on the cables, the fitting sap can also be used for the protection the width of thefitting sap is 1.1m and the length is 2m. The depth should meet the requirement of the burial ofthe optical cables, and it should be covered by the cement covering board.The protective measures taken to the pipe optical cables against the mechanical damages Device ProtectivemeasuresSnake-shaped soft pipe Protect the optical cables in the manhole:(1)When conduct out the optical cables from the optical cable drum, the soft pipe should beused for protection so as to avoid that the nozzle is damaged by fraction.(2)When the optical cable driven by the winch passes the corner point and the bending zone,it should be protected by the soft PE pipe.(3)When the optical cable driven by the winch passes the holes with the different altitude inthe manholes, it should be protected by the soft PE pipe.Pipe socket The protection of the holes of the optical cable:(1)The optical cable passes the hole, it should be protected by the two interconnecting softmetal pipes, the lengths of the metal pipes are 1m and 2m respectively, and the pipe socket(2)The optical cable enters another hole via the manhole, and the pipe socket is installed atthe hole fo the direction of traction.When the optical cable passes the hole of the pipe, the neutral lubricant should be painted on,when driving the PE protective optical cable, the paraffin oil is a kind of good lubricant, it hasno long-term effects to the protective suite of PE, and the following are the fractioncoefficients:Type of pipes Static, nolubrication Static, liquidlubricationDynamic,lubricationDynamic,non-lubricationPVC 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.13Non-PVC 0.5 0.2 0.16 0.12 LubricantBesides, the lubricant made up of the nylon ball (the diameter is 0.2 – 0.5 mm) can also beused, put the nylons balls in the pipes or put them in the paraffin oil to paint on the optical cableso as to reduce the fraction coefficient during the traction.The end of the plug pipe Block the holes of the pipes or sub-pipes so as to avoid the damage caused by the mud and ratsThe drawing of sapThe table on the size of the general sapThe size of the sapBThe number of the cable or optical cablesAH<800 800<H<1200 1200<H<15001 - 2400 550550 600 3 450 550 600650 4 500 600 650700Note:1. The table on the size of the general sap isapplied in the hard soil (for example, the clay or clayey loam with the mediate temperature), the depth of the sap is less than 1.5, and the sap wall may not support the earth-retaining board. If the soil is very soft and there might be the landslide, the earth-retaining board must be used.The size of the sap A and B must increase the thickness of the earth-retaining boards at the both sides.2. When the cables and the optical cables arelaid in the corrosive soil, such as the red soil with the acidic chloride or other alkaline soil, besides the thin sand with the thickness of 100 mm, otheranti-corrosion measures should be taken around the cables and optical cables. For the details, please refer to the design ofengineering.3. The pre-fabricated cement board is usedfor the protective boards.The table on the arrangement method of theprotective boardsNumber of the cables and optical cables The arrangement method of the bricks 12 - 3Brick or protective boardCable or optical cableFine soil or sandThe constructing method of the underground cables and optical cables introducing into the buildings (一) Note:1. For the selection of the steel pipes, please refer to page 64.2. The burrs inside the steel pipes should be eliminated and the asphalt should be painted on.3. The cables or optical cables passing through the steel pipe should have their suites andrestrictive coatings removed.4. The gradient of the steel pipe stretching out of the room should be larger than 0.4 percent.Introduced the surface mounted sub-line deviceIntroduce the surface mounted subline devices (pass the ground beam )To sub-line devicesTo sub-line devicesRound Pipe strapIndoorCable (optical cable)Steel pipeBrick or the wall of rainforced concreteRound pipe trapeIndoorCable (optical cable) Steel pipeOutdoorBrick or the wall of the reinforced concreteoutdoorGround beamTo the sub-line devicesIndoor Brick or the wall of reinforced concreteCable (optical cable)Steel pipeOutdoorIntroduce the concealed installed sub-line devicesBrick or the wall of reinforced concreteOutdoorWaterproof mortarProtective pipe passing the wall The plugging oil, asphalt or other waterproofmaterial should be usedThe method of introducing to basement (1)The constructing method of the underground cables and optical cables introducing into thebuildings (二)The method of introducing to the basement (2)Note:1 The waterproofing work must be performed for the introducing pipe of the directly buried cables passing the wall, the distance between the buried depth and the outdoor ground should not be less than 0.7m, and the waterproof gradient should be larger than 0.4%; besides the indication, the stretching apron length of the cable-protective pipe should be larger than 500.2 The cables or optical cables passing through the steel pipe should have their suites and restrictive coatings removed.Brick or the reinforced concreteOutdoorConcrete wall 6 Thick steel plateWeldingProtective pipe passing the wall The plugging oil, asphalt or other waterproof material should be usedBrick or the wall of the reinforced concreteOutdoorConcrete wall 6 thick steel plateWeldingProtective pipe passing the wallThe plugging oil, asphalt or other waterproof material should be usedThe method of introducing to the basement (3)The drawing on the sizes of the welding steel boards and the steel pipe passing the wallThe drawing on the sizes of the welding steel boards and the steel pipe passing the wallThe constructing method of the underground cables and optical cables introducing into the buildings (3)The table on the size of the type II wing planeDN (mm) 40 50 65 80 D1 48 60 75.5 89D2 110 120 135 150 D3 210 220 235 250 b10 10 10 10Weight (kg) 0.61 0.67 0.78 0.91The table on the size of the type II suiteHard PVBSteel pipeMaterial (mm)D90 D110 DN50 DN65DN80D1 90 110 60 75.5 89 D2 140 168 80 95 110 D3 141 169 114 121 140 D4251 289 225 230 250d 4.5 5 3.5 3.75 4 b 10 10 10 10 10 h 4 5 4 4 4 Weight (kg) 5.67 7.41 4.49 4.66 5.33 Note:1. The type I robust waterproof suite is applied to the hard PVC pipe and the steel pipe, the typeII robust wing panel is applied to the steel pipe.2. After the processing of the wing panel and the steel pipe is completed, the primer should bepainted on the outer wall (the primer includes minium or the adhesive bitumen primer.3. The weight of the material of in the table on the sizes of the type II wing panel is the weightof the wing panel, the weight of the material of size of the type I suite is the steel suite (the length of the suite is counted as 200m), and the weight of the wing panel and the retainer ring. The steel suite and the wing panel is made by Q235 steel, and they are welded with the E43 welding rods.4. When the type I suite is passing the wall, if the wall is made up of the non-cement material,the range of the casted cement should be 200mm larger than the diameter of the wing panel (D4), and the suite must be casted inside the wall all at once, the filling material inside the suite must be stirred tightly and compactly. L (it is as thick as the wall, and the thickness is not less than 200)L (it is as thick as the wall, and the thickness is not less than 200)Wing panel Steel suiteEternitySteel pipePVC pipe or steel pipeBatched juteThe type I robust waterproof suite Batched juteType II robust waterproof wing panel5. The thickness of the cement wall where the type I and type II pipes pass should not be lessthan 200mm, otherwise, we should thicken one side or two sides of the cement walls.The constructing method of the underground cables and optical cables introducing into the buildings (4)The table on the selection of the fixing of the protective pipesCurve channel steel (YB98 – 63) Welded steel pipe (GB3091 - 82) The variable size of the pipe strap The specification of thefastening piecemode h d Nominal diameter Exterior diameter Thicknessof the wallA r d RB Round wooden bolt Plug bolt Burialdepth 3.2 32 3 25 33.5 3.25 30671730 5 x 50 6 x 60 50 4.0 40 3 32 42.25 3.25 38672140 5 x 50 6 x 60 50 5.0 50 3 40 48.0 3.5 48672446 5 x 50 6 x 60 50 6.0 60 4 50 60.0 3.5 56893056/ 6 x 60 60 8.0 80 4 70 75.5 3.7576893872/6 x 6060The form of the curve channel steel is the equal-leg, that is, b = h Note:1. The cable and optical cable being protected should have their exterior cover as well as therestrictive coating removed, the asphalt should be casted at the both sides.2. The welded steel pipe or the curve channel steel used for protection should be painted with theasphalt for twice.3. The protective pipe or the curve channel pipe should be fixed with the metal plug bolt, and theround wooden bolt should be used along with the plastic expanded tubes.4. The pipe straps and the fastening pieces should be galvanized, when using the plug bolts, itshould be fixed before the installation of the pipe straps.The method of conducting the directly buried cables and optical cables into the exterior walls of the buildings (一)Cable (Optical cable)The fixing of the curve channel steelWasher Expansion bolt Cable optical cable Chuck plateCable(Optical cable)Steel pipeCable (optical cable)Flat pipe strapThe fixing of steel pipeThe table on the selection of the angle iron and the cardSerial number The capacity of the cableThe specification of the angle iron b value of the card1150 x 2 x 0.5 200 x 2 x 0.5 200 x 2 x 0.4 70 x 70 x 6702 100 x 2 x 0.5 150 x 2 x 0.4 60 x 60 x 5 60 310 x 2 x 0.5 – 50 x 2 x 0.5 10 x 2 x 0.4 – 50 x 2 x 0.450 x 50 x 550Note:1. The cable and optical cable being protected should have their exterior cover as well as therestrictive coating removed.2. The angle iron should be painted with the asphalt for twice.3. The angle iron can be fixed with the M6 x 60 plug bolt, before installing the angle iron, thebolt should be fixed firstly.4. The card can be made up for 30 x 2 steel flat, then it should be galvanized.The method of conducting the directly buried cables and optical cables into the exterior walls of the buildings (二)Cable (optical cable) Chuck plateCable (optical cable)Expansion boltAngle steelChuck plate Cable (steel cable)The drawing on parts of chuck plateCable, optical cableCable (optical cable)BrickCable optical cable Cable, optical cableDry sandElectric cableBrickCable optical cableDry sand brickElectric cableBrickElectric cableElectric cableBrickBrickBlock the pipe with Teel oilSteel pipeBrickSteel pipe Electric cableBrickElectric cableThe drawing on the crossing between the directly buried cables oroptical cables with electric cables (1)The drawing on the crossing between the directly buried cables or optical cables with electric cables (2)Note: For the distance between the cable or optical cable and the electric cable, please refer to the date in page five.The water supply pipe, the drainage pipe,the thermal pipe (enveloped)Dry sandBrickCable, optical cable Steel pipe Block the pipe with theteel oilThe water supply pipe, the drainage pipe, the thermal pipe (enveloped)The gas pipe and other pipesDry sandDry sandCable Optical cableBrick Steel pipeCable,optical cable Block the pipe withthe teel oilBrickCable optical cableThe water supply pipe, the drainage pipe, the thermalpipe (enveloped) The water supply pipe, the drainage pipe, thethermal pipe(enveloped)The protective pipes (steel pipe and hard PVC pipe)Silver sand or fine soilBricks or cement boardsDirectly buried cables or optical cablesCulvert (round)CulvertBlock the pipe with the teel oilSilver sand or fine soilThe directly buried cables and optical cables pass above the culvertThe directly buried cables and optical cables pass above the culvert (protected by the bricks or cement boards)The protective pipes (steel pipe and hard PVC pipe)protective pipes (select according to the thickness of the filled soil and theconstruction structure of the culvert)Block the pipe with the teel oilBlock the pipe with the teel oilSilver sand or fine soilCulvertDirectly buried cables or optical cables Directly buried cables or optical cablesThe directly buried cables and optical cables pass above the culvertSilver sand or fine soilCulverDirectly buried cables or optical cablesThe protective pipes As aboveThe directly buried cables and optical cables pass under the culvertThe directly buried cables and optical cables pass above the culvert (protected by the protective pipes)Culver (round)RodeWithout drainsDrainDrain Protection with the bricksProtection board Cable optical cable Sand or fine soilDrainProtective board Cable or optical cable Sand or fine soilProtective board Cable or optical cable Sand or fine soilProtective board Cable or optical cable Sand or fine soilIn buildingApronIn buildingThe paralleling laying of the cable or optical cable and the drainThe paralleling laying of the cable or optical cable and building foundationThe paralleling laying of the cable or optical cable and building apronSuburban arborUrban arborProtection boardCable or optical cableSand or fine soilThe paralleling laying of the cable or optical cable and the woods (2)The specification and size of the protection method of the fitting socket made by the bricks andthe number of the bricks neededThe sizes of the various parts (mm) NoteThe number of the fittingsHeight (h) Length (L) Width (b)Distancebetween thecables (d)Single fitting 240 480 240 -Double fitting 240 480 480 240When the socket is made by the bricks and mortars, after the asphalt is filled in the socket, it should be covered by the bricksNote: it shall be sealed with PVC cement at plastic strip lapping.The protection of the fitting of the directly buried cablesCable fittingNote:1. The depth of the fitting sap should meet the requirements of the burial depth of the opticalcable, and the size of the fitting sap should meet the regulation on the sizes.2. The cement cover should be covered on the fitting, and the thickness of the refilled fine soil orsand should not be less than 300mm; if the bottom of the fitting sap is made up of the stones, sands or hard frozen earth, the fine soil or sand with the thickness of 100mm should be filled firstly before placing the fitting.3.The introducing and connection of the supervision cable should be performed according to theengineering design.4.The values of H and L should be determined according to the engineering design.The layout drawing on the directly buried cables, the fittings sap of the optical cables andthe fittingsThe disk remain method of the optical cableFitting boxOpticalcableFitting sapThe soil of this place can not be excavatedSupervision cableThe device for protecting cable fittingsThe designated width of sapCableThe arc-shape disk remain method of the optical cableThe device for protecting cable fittingsCableThe S-shape disk remain method of the optical cableRefill soilFine soil or sandCement cover CableCableFitting box Supervision cableThe symbol pileAt the side of facing the station, the accumulateddistance should be indicated (to the interface in the station, the unit is km)The symbol number is given at the starting side of the station, and it is written on the side facing the optical cable or the cable with the red lacquerThe sketch map on the reinforcing bars of the reinforced concrete bar pileΦ3 stirrup SpacingThe red paint enamel is painted on the indentThe sketch map on the position of the burial of the optical cable (or cable) symbol pileThe wooden plate symbol (or Iron plate withδ2.0)Symbol pileThe fitting of the cable (or optical cable)Painting red paint enamelThe white paint enamel is painted on the grounding4holes ofΦ6The distance between the optical cable (or the cable) and the wall is meters。
通信线路作业安全操作指引
通信线路作业安全操作指引一、作业前的准备1、了解作业任务作业人员在接到任务后,应详细了解作业的内容、地点、时间、要求等信息,明确作业的目标和重点。
2、现场勘查在进行作业前,必须对作业现场进行仔细的勘查。
了解现场的环境、地形、交通状况、周边设施等情况,评估可能存在的安全风险。
3、制定作业方案根据作业任务和现场勘查的结果,制定详细的作业方案。
作业方案应包括作业流程、安全措施、人员分工、应急处理等内容。
4、准备工具和设备根据作业任务的需要,准备齐全所需的工具和设备,并确保其性能良好、安全可靠。
例如,登高作业需要准备安全带、脚扣、登高梯等;线路维护需要准备测试仪器、工具包等。
5、个人防护用品作业人员必须配备齐全个人防护用品,如安全帽、工作服、绝缘鞋、手套等。
个人防护用品应符合相关的标准和要求,并定期进行检查和维护。
6、安全培训作业人员在作业前必须接受相关的安全培训,熟悉安全操作规程和应急处理措施。
未经培训或培训不合格的人员不得进行作业。
二、作业中的安全操作1、登高作业(1)登高作业前,必须检查登高工具和设备的安全性,如安全带是否完好、脚扣是否牢固、登高梯是否稳定等。
(2)登高作业时,必须系好安全带,并将安全带的挂钩挂在牢固可靠的地方。
严禁在没有系好安全带的情况下登高作业。
(3)使用登高梯时,应确保登高梯放置平稳,并有专人扶持。
严禁在登高梯上作业时移动登高梯。
(4)在高处作业时,应注意防止工具和材料掉落伤人,严禁向下抛掷物品。
2、线缆敷设(1)敷设线缆时,应注意线缆的走向和张力,避免线缆过度弯曲或拉伸。
(2)在敷设架空线缆时,应注意与电力线、建筑物等保持安全距离。
严禁在电力线下方敷设通信线缆。
(3)在敷设地下线缆时,应注意保护地下管线和设施,避免造成损坏。
3、线路维护(1)在进行线路维护时,应先对线路进行停电处理,并在停电的线路上悬挂“禁止合闸,有人工作”的警示牌。
(2)在维护通信线路时,应使用专用的测试仪器和工具,严禁使用不符合要求的仪器和工具。
井下电缆敷设管理规定范文(3篇)
井下电缆敷设管理规定范文1、井下所有掘进巷,回采巷的电缆均敷设在巷道上帮,所有斜巷的电缆均敷设在巷道水沟侧;2、井下电缆敷设时必须使用电缆钩吊挂,电缆钩悬挂点间距为1m,同钩电缆驰度一致,电缆钩悬挂点必须保持在同一水平线上,且同一巷道内的电缆钩的规格尺寸必须保持一致;电缆吊挂高度,最下面一根电缆的钩头距轨道面的距离为1.8m;敷设的电缆距轨道水平距离不得低于600mm;3、井下敷设的电缆、通讯信号电缆不得吊挂在风水管路上,电缆与风水管路敷设在巷道同一侧时,必须敷设在管路上方0.3m以上的位置,敷设的电缆必须与巷道内的瓦斯抽放管路分挂在巷道的两侧,井下带电电缆不得盘圈或盘“8”字形;电缆钩内电缆的排列:由上到下按照最上面的钩头为通信和信号等小电缆线,其次为高压电缆,低压电缆顺序,不得随意窜钩吊挂;4、井下高、低压电缆敷设在巷道同一侧时,高、低压电缆之间的距离应大于0.1m,高压电缆之间、低压电缆之间的距离不得小于50mm;5、井下巷道内敷设的电缆,沿线每隔200m、拐弯处、分岔处以及连接不同直径电缆的接线盒两端、穿墙电缆的墙的两边均应悬挂电缆标志牌,并注明电缆编号、电压等级、截面积、长度、用途等项目;6、井下敷设的通讯和信号电缆必须使用吊皮吊挂统一刷白漆(吊皮白漆每季度重新刷一次),吊皮使用上下钢绞线固定,悬挂点间距为600mm,悬挂位置在巷道内电力电缆上方并保持0.1m以上距离,吊皮悬挂点必须保持在同一水平线上,且同一巷道内的吊皮的规格尺寸必须保持一致;7、吊挂通讯信号电缆的吊皮吊挂眼孔数无法满足现场通讯信号电缆吊挂时,多余通讯信号电缆需统一捆扎,吊挂在固定吊皮的上钢绞线上;8、井下各巷道电缆及通讯信号电缆必须保持表面清洁卫生,且每周必须进行不低于一次的电缆表面卫生清理工作;在喷浆施工段的电缆必须加设有效保护,避免被浆料覆盖;现场实际施工时开关负荷线需落地的,落地电缆必须加设套管进行有效保护;9、井下各巷道迎头综掘机随机电缆必须加设不低于____米、耙矸机随机电缆必须加设不低于____米的套管进行有效保护;10、井下各配电点电缆吊挂:吊挂电缆至开关或电机的电源线以及各种通信、信号电缆,必须从巷道内整体敷设的电缆里侧沿巷道帮部进行敷设,各种负荷线、信号监测线必须从串线下方至电缆钩敷设,杜绝交叉缠绕现象;11、井下过笼门电缆,应使用电缆钩托至巷道顶部沿弧形吊挂,过笼门通讯及信号电缆,应将通讯及信号电缆放入开口的橡胶软管内,并将橡胶软管沿巷道顶部弧形吊挂;12、岩巷开拓进尺电缆钩必须使用开叉螺栓上下固定;13、煤巷综掘进尺电缆钩使用上下钢绞线拉平敷设;14、井下皮带机头、刮板机头等处信号线必须沿拉直钢绞线吊挂;15、电缆、通讯及信号电缆必须吊挂整齐,不交叉,不落地,应有适当的弛度;16、电缆接线盒应打眼平直固定或使用横杆架设两个电缆钩间平直吊挂,两端电缆留有的弧度保持一致,并使接线盒与主线路整体保持一致;17、遇特殊情况如巷道断面不能满足上述规定时,以总工办提供的巷道布置图为准;18、对于违反上述管理规定的按刘庄煤矿机电管理规定给予处罚。
电缆敷设方法及存在问题的解决办法
直埋/穿管/排管/电缆沟:电缆的4种敷设方式是有学问的1、直埋敷设要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?直埋敷设,需要考虑电缆是否容易受到外力冲击而导致损坏。
1.如果不会受到大的冲击,直接敷设是可以的。
2.如果可能受到一些比较大的冲击,但强度可以控制在一定范围,可以考虑铠装直埋。
3.如果外力更大,就需要采用保护套管了,这个在局部(比如通过公路的地方)设置就可以。
电缆直埋敷设的优缺点:优点:敷设方便,节省材料和人工,缺点:维护不便,如果要维护,就需要把覆土挖开,仅建议用在不考虑维护,或能接受这种维护方式的地方。
直埋时一般是需要垫黄沙的。
问题1直埋电缆接地,如何找故障点?答:用巡线电缆测试仪。
问题2直埋电缆需要做电缆井吗?问题补充:厂区内电缆敷设,采用铠装电缆直埋,过路处及入车间配电室处是否需要加电缆井?市政10KV电缆进入厂区处是否需要加电缆井?答:电缆在6根及以下可不设电缆井,电缆较多设井,便于更换、增添电缆。
市政10KV电缆进入厂区处不必设电缆井,从终端杆引下直埋至高压配电柜即可。
问题3工地临时电缆如何敷设?问题补充:单位新建厂房,施工变压器及高压线路距离施工中心较远,由于是钢结构厂房,不能采取架空线路,以免和钢结构安装产生冲突,只能采用低压电缆从变压器引至施工现场的一级配电箱,再分配给现场各施工单位的二级配电箱,请问该段低压电缆该如何敷设?是直埋还是直接放在地面上?答:严禁直接贴地面敷设。
此低压电缆采用直埋敷设。
2、穿管要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?电缆穿管敷设,相比于直埋来说,更便于后期维护和增加线路。
穿管敷设的电缆,可以考虑一些备用管,为日后线路维护和增容等做准备。
1. 穿管敷设时,在线路转弯角度较大、或者直线段距离较长的时候都需要考虑设置电缆井。
2. 电缆数量较少,线径较小的情况下,可以采用电缆手井;3. 电缆较多,线径较大的情况下,需要考虑设置电缆人井。
电缆井可以按照图集做法去做。
除了图集做法,很多小的过路井也可以直接砖砌或混凝土浇筑,此时要考虑底部设置渗水孔。
通信管道施工技术
通信管线是用来敷设地下通信线缆的一种建筑,由于其位置相对固定并可以有效降低地上空间的占用,而且安全稳定、便于管理和巡检,深受各大运营商的青睐。
国家对人口密集区的城市建设项目在规划、计划批复上也非常支持城市通信管道的同步跟进。
通信管道施工技术也是现在国家很注重的一个问题.一、管道的组成:1、管道是一个系统,基本由人孔、手孔、管路三部分组成,从使用性质上又可以分为用户管道、局间管道。
用户管道包括主干管道和配线管道。
主干管道一般采用多孔管道的建筑模式,用来穿放大芯数线缆.管孔直径从25mm—110mm不等,管道人手井间距一般为100米,其位置一般位于城市主、次干道人行道或车行道。
新建城市管道一般为双侧规划建设。
2、管道建筑方式:通信管道从建筑方式上分为三种类型:隧道、管道、渠道隧道管道较为复杂,使用期限长,位于大型局址出入处。
用钢筋混凝土为基础,以拱形预制件做上覆、两侧用砖砌体而成。
管道是我们目前使用中最常见的一种方式,老式的管道以水泥管或者石棉管为主,新式的管道主要是用7孔梅花管或者波纹管混建而成。
二、管道材料的种类通信管道最为常见的建筑材料一般为混凝土管、塑料管、金属管、石棉水泥管等。
但在现在的管道建设上,如果没有特殊要求,基本设计用塑料管。
塑料管分为单孔、2-12孔等。
我们通信主要使用7孔梅花管和单孔波纹管。
塑料管管材主要有硬聚氯乙烯PVC、聚乙烯PE、聚丙烯PP。
单根管材的长度一般默认为6米。
塑料管材最大的缺点是受外界温度影响较大,其膨胀系数较大,约为金属材料的6—8倍。
如果在温度变化较大的地区使用,在设计时要充分考虑这一点。
三、管道路由的选择通信管道建设一般在城市规划中在水、电、气、暖、污之后,随着人们对通信资源的认识水平的提高以及人和通信系统关系的紧密度的提升,通信设施也将是人们生活必需品之一。
(1)在满足设计的前提下,选择建在主干网络资源通过的路由上。
(2)为了减少架空杆路,要充分考虑建设分路建设管道、提高管道路网的灵活性.(3)结合城市发展规划,根据城市市政建设部门的规划和分配,进行合理的建设。
地下管线工程设计方案
地下管线工程设计方案一、工程概述地下管线工程是指在地下敷设的各种管线,包括给水管道、排水管道、燃气管道、通信线缆等。
地下管线工程的设计方案应考虑管线的布置、材料、施工工艺等方面,保证管线安全使用,同时尽可能减少对环境和城市建设的影响。
二、工程环境地下管线工程通常位于城市建设地区,其布置需要考虑城市道路、建筑物、地下设施等因素。
在设计方案中,需要充分考虑地下管线与周围环境的关系,合理布置管线走向,减少对城市环境的干扰。
三、设计原则1、安全性原则:在规划和设计地下管线工程时,首要考虑的是管线的安全性。
要根据管线的用途和环境条件确定管线的材质、直径、敷设深度等参数,确保管线可以安全运行并经受住各种外力。
2、合理性原则:地下管线的布局应当符合城市规划和地形地貌,合理安排管线走向、排布纵横,避免混乱或重复布线,提高管线的整体运行效率。
3、综合性原则:管线布局应当充分综合考虑给水、排水、供气、供热、通信等管线的规划,避免各管线之间的干扰和冲突。
4、环保性原则:地下管线工程应当符合大气、水、土壤和噪声等环境保护要求,尽量减少地下施工对周围环境的影响。
四、设计内容1、管线类型:根据工程需要,确定地下管线的种类和用途,包括给水管线、排水管线、燃气管线、通信线缆等。
2、管线布局:在考虑各种管线之间的协调和冲突避免的前提下,确定管线的纵横走向和横断面布置。
3、管线材料:根据地下管线的用途和环境条件,选择合适的管线材料,包括金属、塑料、混凝土等。
4、敷设深度:根据地下管线的用途和环境条件,确定管线的敷设深度,确保管线能够安全运行并避免损坏。
5、检修井和阀门:根据管线的长度和敷设情况,确定检修井和阀门的设置位置和数量,便于日常维护和紧急处理。
6、施工工艺:根据地下管线的特点和施工条件,确定管线的施工工艺,包括敷设、连接、测试、保护等环节。
7、环境保护:设计方案中应考虑地下管线工程对环境的影响,采取适当的措施保护周围环境,减少施工对周围环境的破坏。
电缆敷设作业指导书(新版本)。
电缆敷设作业指导书(新版本)。
GB -2010《建筑电气设计规范》GB -2015《建筑工程施工质量验收规范》GB -2013《电力工程施工与质量验收规范》GB -2015《电力工程施工安全标准》GB/T -2016《风电场电气工程施工及验收规范》16-2016《建筑工程施工现场安全技术规程》63-2016《建筑施工质量验收规范》三、作业流程1.电缆敷设1.1 敷设前的准备工作1.1.1 确认敷设路线,绘制敷设图纸,制定敷设计划。
1.1.2 按照设计图纸要求,清理敷设路线,确保路线畅通无阻。
1.1.3 检查敷设路线附近的设备、管线等,做好保护措施。
1.2 敷设过程1.2.1 确认电缆型号、规格、长度等参数,检查电缆表面是否有损坏、破损等情况。
1.2.2 按照设计要求进行电缆敷设,注意电缆的弯曲半径,不得小于电缆规定的最小弯曲半径。
1.2.3 在电缆敷设过程中,应注意电缆的保护,避免电缆受到机械损伤、化学腐蚀等影响。
1.3 敷设后的工作1.3.1 检查电缆敷设质量,确认电缆敷设是否符合设计要求。
1.3.2 进行电缆接头的制作和接线工作。
2.二次接线2.1 前期准备工作2.1.1 确认接线图纸,制定接线计划。
2.1.2 检查接线设备、工具等,确保完好无损。
2.2 接线过程2.2.1 确认接线点,检查接线端子是否干净、无锈蚀等情况。
2.2.2 按照接线图纸要求进行接线,注意接线的正确性和可靠性。
2.2.3 在接线过程中,应注意接线的保护,避免接线受到机械损伤、化学腐蚀等影响。
2.3 接线后的工作2.3.1 检查接线质量,确认接线是否符合设计要求。
2.3.2 进行接线箱、接线板等设备的安装和调试。
四、工艺流程说明及主要质量控制要点4.1 电缆敷设工艺流程4.1.1 敷设前的准备工作绘制敷设图纸,清理敷设路线,做好保护措施。
确认电缆型号、规格、长度等参数,检查电缆表面是否有损坏、破损等情况。
4.1.2 敷设过程按照设计要求进行电缆敷设,注意电缆的弯曲半径。
道路通信管线施工方案
道路通信管线施工方案1. 介绍道路通信管线施工是指在道路旁边或下方进行通信线缆的敷设和管线的安装。
这种施工需要精确的规划和合理的安排,以确保通信线路的畅通无阻和道路交通的顺利进行。
本文档将介绍道路通信管线施工的方案,包括施工前的准备工作、施工的步骤和安全注意事项。
2. 施工前的准备工作在进行道路通信管线施工之前,需要进行一系列的准备工作,以确保施工的顺利进行。
2.1 环境调查在施工前,需要对施工区域进行环境调查,包括地下管道的位置和走向、地下设施的位置、地形地貌等。
这些信息将有助于施工方案的制定和施工过程中的决策。
2.2 方案设计根据环境调查的结果,制定道路通信管线的施工方案。
方案设计需要考虑通信线路的长度、管线的材料、施工方法等因素。
同时,还需要考虑管线与道路交通的关系,避免对交通造成不必要的影响。
2.3 施工许可在进行施工前,需要向相关部门申请施工许可。
这一步骤是确保施工过程符合相关法规和规定的重要环节。
3. 施工步骤3.1 清理施工区域在施工前,需要对施工区域进行清理,包括清除杂草、垃圾和其他障碍物。
这将为后续的施工工作提供良好的施工环境。
3.2 探明地下管道位置在进行施工前,需要使用探地雷达等设备探明地下管道的位置。
这将帮助避免在施工过程中损坏已有的管道。
3.3 敷设通信线缆根据方案设计,开始敷设通信线缆。
通信线缆的敷设需要考虑线缆的走向、深度和保护措施等因素。
在敷设过程中,需要保证线缆的质量和安全。
3.4 安装管线在敷设通信线缆之后,需要安装管线。
管线的安装包括铺设管道、连接管道和修复地面等步骤。
在进行安装过程中,需要注意施工质量和交通安全。
3.5 施工验收在施工完成后,需要进行施工验收。
验收包括对敷设线缆和安装管道进行检查和测试,确保施工质量达到要求。
4. 安全注意事项在进行道路通信管线施工时,需要注意以下安全事项。
•施工现场要设置明显的警示标志,确保过路车辆和行人能够注意到施工区域。
敷设线缆安全作业(三篇)
敷设线缆安全作业(1)敷设吊线应遵守:1)线盘置放的地面必须平实,必须采用有底平面的专用支架或专用拖车等,不准用千斤顶替代。
2)从线盘上松开钢绞线头时,必须安排人抓牢钢绞线头,其他人员应站在线盘侧面,防止钢线弹起伤人。
3)机械放线时,线头应与固定点绑扎牢固,缓慢牵引。
4)人工放线时,作业人员须穿绝缘鞋、带绝缘手套。
5)跨越道路应设专人看守,并设警示标志,一般公路设置距离大于100米。
6)作业人员在布放钢绞线时,应在钢绞线恰当位置上作接地保护,防止触电。
7)收紧钢绞线时,禁止用手接触钢绞线,必须使用牵引绳背紧钢线,并作临时固定,再用紧线器收紧。
8)升高或降低钢绞线时,必须使用紧线器,不许肩扛拖拉。
9)杆上紧线应侧向操作,并将线夹罗栓拧紧;在角杆上紧线时,操作人员应站在外角,角杆应按要求加装吊线辅助装置。
10)在电力用户线上方架线,严禁将吊线从电力线上方抛过,必须在跨越处做好安全保护架后再作业;在高压电力线下方架线,必须在电力线与吊线之间作保护装置,防止敷设的吊线碰触电力线,作业结束后拆除保护装置。
(2)敷设线缆应遵守:1)敷设线缆时,必须专人指挥。
2)缆盘置放的地面必须平实,必须采用有底平面的专用支架或专用拖车等。
3)牵引线缆时,看轴人员不准站在缆盘前方,在拐弯处作业,作业人员必须站在线缆弯曲半径的外侧,在过管口处作业,作业人员的手不准离管口太近,眼睛及身体严禁直对管口。
4)禁止作业人员将线缆跨在身上,以免被线缆拖跌。
(3)在高处使用喷灯,必须用绳索捆绑牢固吊上或放下;不准把燃烧的喷灯倒放或倒挂在吊线上。
(4)使用绞盘拖放线缆应遵守:宋体1)开动绞盘前应清除工作范围内的障碍物,转动中禁止用手触摸运动的钢丝绳和校正绞盘滚筒上的钢丝绳。
2)改变绞盘运动方向,必须在滚筒完全停止后进行。
3)钢丝绳在绞盘上排列要整齐,工作时不能放完,至少要留5-6圈。
(5)使用滑车(吊板)应遵守:1)在7股2.0钢绞线以下的吊线或终端做在墙上的吊线上不准使用滑车。
电缆的4种敷设方式
电缆的4种敷设方式1、直埋敷设要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?直埋敷设,需要考虑电缆是否容易受到外力冲击而导致损坏。
1.如果不会受到大的冲击,直接敷设是可以的。
2.如果可能受到一些比较大的冲击,但强度可以控制在一定范围,可以考虑铠装直埋。
3.如果外力更大,就需要采用保护套管了,这个在局部(比如通过公路的地方)设置就可以。
电缆直埋敷设的优缺点:优点:敷设方便,节省材料和人工,缺点:维护不便,如果要维护,就需要把覆土挖开,仅建议用在不考虑维护,或能接受这种维护方式的地方。
直埋时一般是需要垫黄沙的。
问题1直埋电缆接地,如何找故障点?答:用巡线电缆测试仪。
问题2直埋电缆需要做电缆井吗?问题补充:厂区内电缆敷设,采用铠装电缆直埋,过路处及入车间配电室处是否需要加电缆井?市政10KV电缆进入厂区处是否需要加电缆井?答:电缆在6根及以下可不设电缆井,电缆较多设井,便于更换、增添电缆。
市政10KV电缆进入厂区处不必设电缆井,从终端杆引下直埋至高压配电柜即可。
2、穿管要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?电缆穿管敷设,相比于直埋来说,更便于后期维护和增加线路。
穿管敷设的电缆,可以考虑一些备用管,为日后线路维护和增容等做准备。
1. 穿管敷设时,在线路转弯角度较大、或者直线段距离较长的时候都需要考虑设置电缆井。
2. 电缆数量较少,线径较小的情况下,可以采用电缆手井;3. 电缆较多,线径较大的情况下,需要考虑设置电缆人井。
电缆井可以按照图集做法去做。
除了图集做法,很多小的过路井也可以直接砖砌或混凝土浇筑,此时要考虑底部设置渗水孔。
4. 穿管的管材现在比较多的有铸铁管、钢管、聚乙烯管、尼龙管、碳素管等,可以根据需要选用。
单芯电缆穿金属管时要注意涡流的影响。
问题1室外排管敷设电缆,是一排管,一电缆,还是多电缆可共一排管?答:每管宜只穿1根电缆。
除发电厂、变电所等重要性场所外,对一台电动机所有回路或同一设备的低压电动机所有回路,可在每管合穿不多于3根电力电缆或多根控制电缆。
通信光缆施工方案详解【最新版】
通信光缆施工方案详解通信光缆施工一般是有这八个步骤:1、立杆2、安装拉线3、布放吊线4、避雷线和地线5、光缆敷设6、光缆接续7、光缆成端和测试9、工程验收一、立杆1、选用电杆类型基本杆高7m,梢径150mm。
如遇特殊地段、跨越障碍或公路、铁路时,可根据实际地形选用8m、9m等杆高。
2、7m基本电杆洞深表面为石质达到0.9m,其它土质达到1.2m。
3、杆距基本杆距50m,根据山区的地形,可调整为60m。
某些地段如遇地形限制如跨河等档距较长时应按架空飞线处理,处理方法我们将在后面的布放吊线部分做详细说明。
4、电杆标号以设计段落为独立单位进行编写,最下一个字离地面宜为2.5m,杆号字面面向公路,白底黑字,字体为阿拉伯数字等要求。
5、施工注意事项:(1)检查洞深合格后,方能立杆。
(2)直线上的电杆(中间杆)其中心垂线与路由中心线左右偏差应小于5厘米,电杆本身应上下垂直;角杆的杆根应内移半个杆根(10~15cm),拉线收紧后,杆梢应向外角倾斜约一个杆梢;终端杆杆身应向拉线侧倾斜10~20厘米。
(3)杆根底盘、卡盘等固根装置应符合设计要求。
(4)回土应分层夯实,市区固化路面回土与路面齐平;郊外培土应高出路面10—15厘米。
(5)线路在与10KV电力线交越时,两侧电杆均应装避雷线。
二、安装拉线1、拉线的程式应符合设计要求。
2、检查地锚深度合格后,方能埋地锚、装拉线。
拉线地锚的实际出土长度为30~60mm。
3、拉线的距高比为宜1,不得小于0.75;撑杆的距高比为0.6,不得小于0.5。
4、角杆拉线应在内角平分线的延长线上;终端拉线应在线路的中心线上。
角深大于15m,应在转角杆安装两条顶头拉线。
5、直线杆每16档设置一处防风拉线(人字拉);每32根电杆设置一处防凌拉线(四方拉)[四方拉的顺风拉线设在吊线上10-15cm 处且做辅助线,侧面拉线设在吊线下25-30cm。
6、拉线的做法:本期工程拉线上把统一采用夹板加另缠法,中把采用另缠法。
电缆敷设方式的详细解释
【整理收集】电缆敷设方式的详细解释电缆敷设中的4种敷设方式:一、直埋敷设要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?直埋敷设,需要考虑电缆是否容易受到外力冲击而导致损坏。
1.如果不会受到大的冲击,直接敷设是可以的。
2.如果可能受到一些比较大的冲击,但强度可以控制在一定范围,可以考虑铠装直埋。
3.如果外力更大,就需要采用保护套管了,这个在局部(比如通过公路的地方)设置就可以。
电缆直埋敷设的优缺点:优点:敷设方便,节省材料和人工,缺点:维护不便,如果要维护,就需要把覆土挖开,仅建议用在不考虑维护,或能接受这种维护方式的地方。
直埋时一般是需要垫黄沙的。
●问题一:直埋电缆接地,如何找故障点?●回复:(用巡线电缆测试仪。
)●问题二:直埋电缆需要做电缆井吗?问题补充:厂区内电缆敷设,采用铠装电缆直埋,过路处及入车间配电室处是否需要加电缆井?市政10KV电缆进入厂区处是否需要加电缆井?●回复:(电缆在6根及以下可不设电缆井,电缆较多设井,便于更换、增添电缆。
市政10KV电缆进入厂区处不必设电缆井,从终端杆引下直埋至高压配电柜即可。
)●问题三:工地临时电缆如何敷设?问题补充:单位新建厂房,施工变压器及高压线路距离施工中心较远,由于是钢结构厂房,不能采取架空线路,以免和钢结构安装产生冲突,只能采用低压电缆从变压器引至施工现场的一级配电箱,再分配给现场各施工单位的二级配电箱,请问该段低压电缆该如何敷设?是直埋还是直接放在地面上?●回复:(严禁直接贴地面敷设。
此低压电缆采用直埋敷设。
)二、穿管要注意什么?在什么情况下采用?电缆穿管敷设,相比于直埋来说,更便于后期维护和增加线路。
穿管敷设的电缆,可以考虑一些备用管,为日后线路维护和增容等做准备。
1.穿管敷设时,在线路转弯角度较大、或者直线段距离较长的时候都需要考虑设置电缆井。
2.电缆数量较少,线径较小的情况下,可以采用电缆手井;3.电缆较多,线径较大的情况下,需要考虑设置电缆人井。
电缆井可以按照图集做法去做。
弱电工程常见的电缆敷设方式2017-7-14
ĦU W:现在的弱电工程施工工艺要求越来越高了,尤其做管穿线等工作,施工工艺的好坏,不单单是美观上面,还有施工质量的要求。
下面一起来看看弱电工程中常见的几种电缆敷设方式正文:电缆穿管敷设,相比于直埋来说,更便于后期维护和增加线路。
穿管敷设的电缆,可以考虑一些备用管,为日后线路维护和增容等做准备。
1 .穿管敷设时,在线路转弯角度较大、或者直线段距离较长的时候都需要考虑设置电缆井。
2 .电缆数量较少,线径较小的情况下,可以采用电缆手井;3 .电缆较多,线径较大的情况下,需要考虑设置电缆人井。
电缆井可以按照图集做法去做。
除了图集做法很多小的过路井也可以直接砖砌或混凝土浇筑,此时要考虑底部设置渗水孔。
4.穿管的管材现在比较多的有铸铁管、钢管、聚乙烯管、尼龙管、碳素管等,可以根据需要选用。
单芯电缆穿金属管时要注意涡流的影响。
二、电缆沟敷设要求电缆沟敷设要注意,不同电压等级的电缆要分不同的支架设置,电缆沟本身要注意排水措施。
并考虑防止老鼠等小动物进入的措施。
问题1:多少根电缆才需要用电缆沟敷设?答:根据〃措施20096.10节8根以下建议采用直埋,8~12根建议采用排管,12-18根建议采用电缆沟,18根以上建议采用电缆隧道J这些都是建议性的,接合实际工程参考即可,没有那么固定。
至于电缆沟和电缆隧道,并不是根数的区别,是维护和重要性的区别。
主要是看工程条件、环境特点和电缆类型数量等因素,以及满足运行可靠、便于维护和技术经济合理的要求选择,不确定是否有强制性的指标要求。
具体方案确定可以参考GB50217-2007P285.2节的相关内容。
问题2:电缆沟敷设的电缆载流量怎样计算?答:1:(按照桥架敷设来考虑,考虑到桥架在空气中,而电缆沟中有盖板,去降容系数0.96β)2:(载流量的相关系数可以参考GBT16895.15-2002《建筑物电气装置第5部分第523节布线系统载流量》,个人认为,按照梯架的系数来考虑较合适。
浅谈通信架空线下地设计中的要点及难点
1009-0940(2020)-4-21-23浅谈通信架空线下地设计中的要点及难点摘 要:近年来,在老城区改造及城市化建设的推进过程中,架空线下地成为城市综合治理美化亮化过程中的重要环节,架空线下地方案的设计问题得到了业内的广泛关注。
本文针对通信专业架空线整治下地的相关内容进行描述,并结合相关实践经验,从不同角度就通信线路下地设计方案要点及难点进行探讨,阐述了个人对此的看法与认识,望有助于相关工作的实践。
关键词:架空线下地 设计 要点 难点丁庆生 江西省邮电规划设计院有限公司 南昌市 3300020 前言随着经济社会快速发展,“蜘蛛网”状的架空线及杆路成为严重影响城市安全和美观的因素之一。
提升城市环境品质,实施架空线下地,摆脱黑色污染,打造城市“名片”成为颇为紧迫的课题。
本文就通信架空线路的下地设计中的技术要点及难点进行论述,旨在合理规划、加快下地改造进度,提升工程质量。
1 当前城市通信架空线路的现状(1)通信架空线路附挂楼房、临街墙壁上、电杆或电力杆上。
(2)电力杆附挂1条或2条以上的吊线(3)架空线缆混建,单吊线附挂十条或二十余条光缆、部分线缆无标识。
(4)架空线路长挡距架设、横跨过路,吊线垂度过大,少数线缆过路未达最低线条高度标准,临街线缆存在飞线。
(5)架空光缆通过高压电线、变压器无保护措施。
(6)管道光缆引上无钢管保护,部分线缆裸露在外。
(7)架空光缆维护存在重大安全隐患。
2 通信架空线下地的分类及设计内容2.1 通信架空线下地的分类按通信架空线下地实施的区域:可分为小区架空线下地和道路架空线下地。
按通信架空线的等级分类:可分为本地网线路、干线、专线及政企特定单位光缆线路。
按通信架空线产权归属或使用单位分类:可分为运营商(电信、移动、联通)、广电、公安、交警等单位。
2.2 架空线下地设计的内容(1)由产权单位提供架空线下地的缆线数据给总包单位,包括缆线的类型规格,长度。
设计单位依据此数据,根据道路市政管网改造的规划或初步设计,进行施工图设计。
控规中地下光纤安全防护距离
控规中地下光纤安全防护距离【知识专栏】探讨控规中地下光纤安全防护距离引言:在现代社会,光纤通信作为一种高速、高带宽的通信方式越来越受到人们的关注和重视。
随着光纤网络的广泛应用,人们对地下光纤安全的关注不断增加。
在控规中,地下光纤安全防护距离的确定是确保光纤通信安全的重要一环。
本文将就控规中地下光纤安全防护距离进行全面评估和深入探讨,以期能为读者提供一种更深入地理解的方式。
一、什么是控规中地下光纤安全防护距离1.1 地下光纤的定义地下光纤是指在地下铺设的光纤线缆,用于实现远距离的通信传输。
它由纤芯、护套和外包层组成,采用光的折射原理来传输数据。
1.2 地下光纤安全防护距离的含义地下光纤安全防护距离是指在控规中规定的,光纤线缆与周围非光纤设施之间的最小距离。
它的确定旨在保护光纤通信系统的正常运行,防止外界干扰和破坏。
二、控规中地下光纤安全防护距离的重要性2.1 保障通信安全性地下光纤承载了大量的通信数据,其安全性直接影响到社会各个方面的稳定运行。
控规中地下光纤安全防护距离的设定能够有效避免不必要的破坏和干扰,确保通信的连续性和稳定性。
2.2 防止对环境造成影响由于地下光纤通信线缆的敷设需要进行工程施工,若地下光纤安全防护距离不科学设定,可能会对周围环境产生不良影响,如土地破坏、水源污染等。
合理划定地下光纤安全防护距离可以避免此类问题的发生。
2.3 促进城市规划和建设具备完善和科学的控规中地下光纤安全防护距离的城市,能够为未来的城市规划和建设提供可靠的通信基础设施,从而推动城市的可持续发展。
三、对控规中地下光纤安全防护距离的评估为确保地下光纤安全防护距离的科学性和合理性,需要综合考虑以下因素:3.1 光纤线缆的类型和特性不同类型的光纤线缆在安全防护距离的确定上存在差异。
单模光纤和多模光纤在敷设和传输过程中具有不同的特性和要求,对应的安全防护距离也会有所不同。
3.2 周围环境的情况地下光纤需要敷设在各种不同的环境中,如城市道路、农田等。