BEC 商务英语 market survey
商务英语unit 6 market investigation
-Market investigation
I.
Warm-up
1. Why do we need investigation? What’s the purpose? 2. Is investigation necessary in all cases? Any examples?
Dimensions of market analysis Market size (current and future) Market growth rate Market profitability Industry cost structure Distribution channels Market trends Key success factors The goal of a market analysis is to determine the attractiveness of a market, both now and in the future. Organizations evaluate the future attractiveness of a market by gaining an understanding of evolving opportunities and threats as they relate to that organization's own strengths and weaknesses. Organizations use the findings to guide the investment decisions they make to advance their success. The findings of a market analysis may motivate an organization to change various aspects of its investment strategy. Affected areas may include inventory levels,a work force expansion/contraction, facility expansion, purchases of capital equipment, and promotional activities.
商务英语热门话题：MarketResearch市场调研（二）
对话3.A: I’m thinking of starting a new business.B: What sorts of business will it be?A: I’ve been thinking about a fast food place.B: More and more people are eating out and fast food places get a lot from the business.A; From what I’ve read, the trend of eating out instead of at home continues to increase every year.B: You’re right. That business would probably be a money market if you’re in the right location. Have you done any research on location or which kind of fast food is more popular?A: I have done some, but I need more information before I make a final decision.B: There are professionals you can go to for help. Have you contacted one?A: I haven’t yet. I thought I would do some basic research on my own first.B: Will you go with one of the major fast food franchises?A: That is probably the most secure way to go. A franchise from one of the major fast food places like McDonald’s is very expensive, however.B: If you are thinking of one of the big names in fast food, you might want to survey the local high school students to find out their preference.A: I did that!对话4.A: Yes?B: I am from the Roman Company. Here’s my card. I would like to ask you a few questions.A: Why?B: We are conducting a market research. We want to know how many people use the Roman detergent This information is used to plan the marketing policy so that no risks are involved in production. That is to say that our production will then be according to demand.A: Hmmm… You seem to be all right. You may come in. Please sit down.B: May I have your address?A: Here it is—on this card.B: Thank you. May I know your occupation, please?A: I’m a doctor.B: I see. What detergent do you use?A: I like the Clean brand.B: May I know why you’ve chosen the Clean? The price is higher than the others on the market.A: Well, let me see. Hmmm… it washes clothes clean. I needn’t soak them for too long, you know. But as I tell my wife, what I really like about the Clean brand is the smell. It is really very nice.B: Have you tried the Roman detergent yet?A: Yes, once. It washed quite clean. Nevertheless, I can’t stand the smell. It is really nauseating.B: So, the type of smell is important to you.A: Yes. So long as your company’s detergent has that smell, I won’t buy it.B: I see. Here’s a sample for you so that you’ll be able to try our latest detergent on the market. Please try it. It smells quite different from our previous detergent: it dissolves readily in water and washes clothes very cleanly in the shortest time ever. A: OK. Thank you.B: Thank you for your time. Have a nice day.对话5.A: You come to Shenzhen quite often, don’t you?您经常来深圳吗？B: Well, I drop by in Shenzhen whenever I take a trip around the countries in Southeast Asia.是的。
商务英语考试（BEC）中级模拟试题及答案
商务英语考试（BEC）中级模拟试题及答案商务英语考试(BEC)中级模拟试题及答案一.READINGPART ONEQuestions 1-7. Read these sentences and the share prices below.. Which stock market does each sentence(1-7) describe?. For each sentence mark one letter (A ,B ,C or D) on your Answer Sheet.Example:the index went up more than one thousand.Answer:A1. the share prices were influenced by the improvement of the two countries'relations.2. Over the week ,turnover rose by T $ 5. 83bn.3. Many people went to buy capitalization stocks.4. In the beginning many foreign shareholders buy blue chips at high prices.5. Price was lower after shareholders sold stocks in industrials to make profit.6. On Thursday price dropped and then rose again.7. the falling of composite index rose by 1. 3 per cent on the week.A. Bangkok rose 2 per cent on the day and 3.4 per cent over the week as buyers moved in to large market capitalization stocks. The SET index rose 27.55 to 1,383.57 in turnover of Bt 8.5 bn, down from Thursday's Bt 10bn.B. Taipei was pulled lower by late profit-taking in industrialsafter Thursday's rebound ,and the weighted index fell 45.59 to 5,806.77, or 1.7 per cent, over the week. Turnover rose to T $41.51 bn from T $ 35. 78bn.C. Manila opened strongly on foreign buying of blue chips but dipped at the close as profits were taken. The composite index fell 10.07 to 2 ,907. 00 , 1.3 per cent higher on the weekD. Hong Kong finished a mixed day slightly lower ,sapped by profit-taking on confirmation of US renewal of China's MFN trade status and concerns over the lower domestic property market. The Hang Seng index fell 11.58 to close at 9,470.13, 1.7 per cent lower on the week.PART TWOQuestions 8-12. Read this letter to the editor of The Economist.. Choose the best sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.. For each blank (8-12) mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.. Do not mar4 any letter twice.. One answer has been given as an example.Sir-You state on February 13th that New Mexico has "few natural resources ",... ...example... In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas , seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals ...8...Non-fuel minerals contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.Taxes from production of fuels and minerals, and lease payments on state lands have been set aside by legislative acts to endow two permanent funds worth about $ 5. 65 billion, ... 9 ... In addition, during fiscal year 1991 , payments to New Mexicofrom taxes on federal lands were S 108 million ,all earmarked for public education.... 10 ... About $566 million came from taxes and permanent-fund earnings attributable to oil and gas production. ...11 ... Tourism is an important industry in New Mexico, yet its economic impact on the public sector is dwarfed by that of mineral production.New Mexico came through the recent recession in much better shape than most other states. It does not have a deficit. ...12...States that rely primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax have big problems during economic downturns. Income growth per head in New Mexico averaged 6. 1/00 in the year to October 1992-one of the fastest growth rates in the United States.Charles ChapinExample :CA. It has a broadly based tax structure an important point.B. In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state's strongest economic forces.D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.E. the combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2. 8 billion.F. Some 16, 000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry.G. the $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services.H. Only S 25 million came from agricultural taxes.I. New Mexico's extractive mineral industries contribute about a third of the state's $ 1. 9 billion general-fund income in fiscal year 1991.PART THREEQuestions 13-20. Read this letter about Compensation Trade ,and answer the following questions.Ministry of Foreign Trade 19th January , 1 993Xi Changan StreetBeijing , ChinaDear Sirs,This letter is in regard to the window glass business between our firm and the China National Light industrial Products Import & Export Corporation, Daren Branch and the Daren Window Glass Factory.1. Our two sides sincerely worked in the past and the window glass business has already been done successfully. However, the quantity of products doesn't meet our requirements. This company wants to develop the trade and business further in this line. We now expect to begin working with all the other branches and window glass factories on the same basis ,i. e. compensation trade.2. For the U. S. A. market, we require very large quantities of small cut sizes. Therefore, we are asking your prompt assistance to help us out in expanding glass-cutting business. We would highly appreciate it if you take this matter into consideration. We are certain that ,with your prompt cooperation, our purchases of Chinese window glass for sale in the U. S. A. market will very quickly increase to a large and substantial volume. With the establishment of diplomatic relations between our two countries ,the time is now right for a very quick and large increasein trade between us.3. For your information, we are doing everything possible to cooperate in achieving our mutual goal of making the window glass business a very large one. We have offered to purchase various equipment for your Dairen factory which will increase its products, improve quality and raise its efficiency. We have offered to accept payment for this machinery in the form of buy-back of glass. We have also cooperated with the factory in making suggestions for better efficient packing and containerization. The factory has been very cooperative and receptive to our ideas. As we want to begin our business with the other branches too ,we plan to offer the same suggestions and proposals to purchase machinery for them.4. From this letter, you can see that we are very sincere in our desire for a long-term relationship between our two countries and our firm and the various branches of the China National Light industrial Products Import and Export Corporation, Window Glass Departments .During our next visit to China, we will discuss the appointment of our firm as the exclusive agent for Chinese Window Glass in the U. S. A. market. Since we have discussed this question in the past ,we expect that the official appointment of our firm as the exclusive agent will be made during our next trip.Thank you for your prompt attention to the above. Best regards.Sincerely yours ,Norman GoldsteinAssociates , INCQuestions 13-16. For questions 13-16 ,choose the correct title for eachparagraph from the box below.. For each paragraph(1-4) mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.. Do not mark any letter twice.13. Paragraph 1...14. Paragraph 2...15. Paragraph 3...16. Paragraph 4...A Our hope for a long-term relationshipB Our successful cooperation in the pastC the diplomatic relations between our two countriesD Our wish to increase the quantity of productsE Our need of help in glass-cuttingF Our goal to make the window glass business largeG Improvement of equipment in Chinese factoriesQuestions l7-20. Using the information in the test ,complete each sentence 17-20 ,with a phrase from the list below (A-G).. For each sentence(17-20) mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.. Do not mark any letter twice.17. When we visit your country again next time ,we hope you'11...18. On the basis of compensation trade ,we are going to...19. In order to enlarge our window glass business, we're doing our best to...20. To other branches that have business with us, we'll...A take this problem into consideration.B develop and expand the trade and business further.C make our company the sole agent in China.D offer to buy equipment for them.E accept payment for this equipment.F start cooperation with other branches and factories.G cooperate with you and realize our common dream.PART FOURQuestions 21-35. Read this advertisement a hat Fidelily Emerging Markets.. Choose the best word to fil1 each gap.. For each question (21 -35) mark one letter (A ,B,C or D) on your Answer Sheet.. One answer has been given as an example.the dynamic developing economies of the world are ripe with potential. Not only have they ...example...extraordinary levels of ...21 ..., but we believe this looks set continue , backed by ...22 ...inflows of foreign investment. Fidelity Emerging Mark, Fund is ...23...to help you capitalize on this promising outlook.the ...24...to real success in Emerging Markets is research and resources, of Fidelity's foremost ... 25 ... As the world's largest ...26 ... investment management organization , we can draw upona (n) ...27... network of offices covering developing economies across Asia ,Latin America and Europe.This local presence means we can ... 28... a hands-on approach ,searching out a capitalizing on investment...29...as soon as they come to light. As a result, Fidelity I become one of the world's ... 30... names in emerging stockmarkets : where we ...31... manage 5pounds billion ?So act now to ...32... out more about the Fidelity Emerging Markets Fund ---and get the potential of these dynamic markets teamed with the strength of the Fidelity organization. For more ...33 ... , call us , free of ...34 ..., from any of the countriesbelow. If you... 35... elsewhere ,please use the UK number or post or fax the coupon.Example:A. deniedB. climbedC. demonstratedD. mentionedAnswer: C21. A. growth B. decrease C. height D. diminish22. A. slow B. increasing C. reducing D. fast23. A. thought B. designed C. considered D. supposed24. A. road B. method C. reason D. key25. A. words B. slogans C. ways D. strengths26. A. independent B. wealthy C. prosperous D. national27. A. intensive B. thick C. narrow D. extensive28. A. move B. apply C. reply D. demand29. A. situations B. disadvantages C. opportunities D. conditions30. A. few B. many C. honourable D. leading31. A. currently B. formerly C. recently D. likely32. A. look B. discover C. find D. learn33. A. news B. data C. information D. knowledge34. A. money B. pay C. fee D. charge35. A. live B. wait C. talk D. sleepPART FIVESection AQuestions 36-40. Read this text about car sales in the world.. In most of the lines (36 -40) there is one extra word which does not fit in. One or two lines, however, are Correct.. If the Line is correct, put a tick (√ ) in the space on your Answer Sheet.. If there is an extra word in the line, write that word in thespace on your Answer Sheet.Example :While new car sales in Japan are predicted to rise up by...up...5 per cent next year, 1990's record of 5.1 million won't be exceeded...√...WORLD NEW CAR SALES36. New car sales fell down last year to a six-year low, but demand37. is forecast to begin a sustained period of growth in 1994 and38. rose to record levels through out the second half years of the 1990s39. the short-term recovery is being driven chiefly by a strong rise in the demand40. in North America ,where new car sales are forecast to increaseby 11 percent to 10. 46 million this year ,as well by the continuingexpansion of demand in the Asia-Pacific region. PART FIVE Section BQuestions 41-45.. the following is a business contract.. In each line there is one wrong word.. For each numbered line (41 - 45) write the correct word in the space on your Answer Sheet.Example :We have to hold you responsibility for the loss we've been made to sustain...responsible...This serves to authorize the Chairman of the F. T. Arbitration Commission to41. appoint an arbitrator on behave of this corporation to settle the dispute42. existed between the plaintiff and the defendant ,concerning the defendant's.43. failure to meet their oblige under contracts concluded for the supply of44. 8,000 metric tons of Aluminium ingots. Should the defendant failing to45. appoint an arbitrator with in the time specific by the F. T. Arbitration .Commission ,this corporation would have an arbitrator appointed forthe defendant.二. WRITINGPART ONEQuestion 46You work for a company which is going to buy a set of equipment from China. You are asked to translate a lot of specifications and instructions within four months, which is impossible. therefor you decide to advertise for two experienced translators as soon as possible.. Write a short note to Mr. Max Remington ,the Public Relation's manager. Ask for an advertisement for two translators.. Explain the reason.. Mention your urgency.. Write 30-40 words on your Answer Sheet.PART TWOQuestion 47You work in the Market Survey institute. After careful research ,you receive four charts.Read the following charts which show , the trend of consumer confidence, real hourly wages, employment and credit development. The years are given ,while the other numbers are not presented. But the lines in the charts clearly show , the directions of development.. Use the information in the charts to write a report (about 100- 120 words) analyzing the reason why the consumer confidence increases.. Write on your Answer Sheet.三.LISTENINGPART ONEQuestions 1-12. You will hear three telephone conversations.. Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.Message One. Questions 1-4MESSAGEVisiting City: BarcelonaMain Features:1. the Old City: old buildings2. (1) ... beautiful, magnificent3. several (2)...restaurants food is cheap(3) ...4. Staying Hotel (4) ...Message Two Questions 5-8Hiring RegistrationDate : 5th Jan. Time : 10:30Name of the customer : Kate (5)...Contact No : (6)...Service Details :l. An appartment near (7)...street ,with air-conditioner and heating system .2. Rent :on more than (8)...a month ,including water and gas3. Renting Period: about 1.5 years from February Message Three. Questions 9- 12Telephone MessageDate : 1st April Time : 9:45Item : buying (9)...Purpose : 10 for meeting room, (10) ...for the officeTotal money: (11)...Deadline for purchasing : before ( 12)...,AprilPART TWOQuestions 13-22Section OneQuestions 13-17. You will hear five short pieces.. For each piece decide where the speaker is.. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the piece.. You will hear the five pieces twice.13...14...15...16...17...placesA on the planeB at the bankC at the airportD at the officeE at the theatreF at the hotelG at the customsH on the busSection TwoQuestions 18- 22. You wt71 hear another five short pieces.. For each piece decide what the speaker is going to do next.. Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the piece.. You will hear the five pieces twice.18...19...20...21...22...Next actionsA to stop smokingB to fall into sleepC to leave a companyD to mail a parcelE to go shoppingF to go to the beachG to resign from the officeH to find a motelPART THREEQuestions 23-30. you will hear a report presented by a journalist from T okyo. He talks about the difficult situations met by Japanese chemical groups. He gives some important figures of four biggest chemical groups in Japan.. you have to complete the sentences (23-30) by choosingthe correct answer.. Mark one letter (A ,B or C).23. the crisis met by Japanese chemical groups is caused by, one of the reasons.A over capacityB high pricesC high cost24. the productions manufactured by Asahi Chemical, Japan's largest poly tyrene manufacturer take up of the market.A 12%B 25%C 26.625.________ is Japan's biggest plastics group.A Mitsubishi KaseiB Mitsubishi petrochemicalC Mitsui Petrochemical industries26. On Oct. 1st, Mitsubishi Petrochemical is going to merge with.A Kawasaki plantB Mitsui petrochemicalC Mitsubishi Kasei27. the dividend of remains the same as in last year.A Mitsubishi PetrochemicalB Mitsui petrochemical industries and Shin-EtsuC Sumitomo Chemical28. chemical group is not explained in detail in this report.A Shin-EtsuB Mitsubishi KaseiC Mitsui petrochemical29. chemical group has the highest per share according tothe report.A Mitsubishi PetrochemicalB Shin-EtsuC Mitsui Petrochemical Industries30. is going to open a new plant.A Shin-EtsuB Mitsui PetrochemicalC Mitsubishi Petrochemical商务英语BEC中级模拟试题(附参考答案)一. 阅读部分PART ONE1. D2. B3. A4. C5. B6. B7. CPART TWO8. E 9. G 10. I 11. F 12. APART THREE13. D 14. E 15. G 16. A 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. DPART FOUR21. A 22. B 23.D 24. D 25. D 26.A 27.D 28. B 29.C30. D 31. A 32.C 33. C 34. D 35.APART FIVESection A36. down是多余,应删掉.37. 没有多余的词38. years是多余,应删掉.39. the 是多余,应删掉.40. 没有多余的词.Section BF1 : When do you want them?M1 : Before the 10th of April. By the way ,I want to look at the sample beforehand.F1 : OK! I will select some samples for you.M1 : Thank you. Bye.F1 : Bye-bye , Mr. Wilson. Part Two. Questions 13-22.Section One. Questions 13-17.Question ThirteenA couple called today and they said they couldn't arrive tonight.You're lucky to find this vacancy. This is a busy time of the year. Please fill out this registration card and be sure to list your car's license number.Question FourteenA massive 700,000-tonne-a-year ethylene complex owned by Maruzen ,Mitsui Petrochemical and Sumitomo Chemical comes on stream later this year and Mitsubishi Petrochemical is also commissioning a new 300,000-tonne-a -year plant this year.下载全文。
BEC商务英语考试必备词汇详解大全
BEC商务英语考试必备词汇详解大全为了方便大家备考bec，下面小编帮大家整理好BEC商务英语考试必备词汇详解大全，望喜欢！BEC商务英语考试必备词汇详解(1)magazine advertising杂志广告刊登在杂志上的广告。
杂志可分为专业性杂志(professional magazine )、行业性杂志(trade magazine)、消费者杂志(consumer magazine )等。
由于各类杂志读者比较明确，是各类专业商品广告的良好媒介。
刊登在封二、封三、封四和中间双面的杂志广告一般用彩色印刷，纸质也较好，因此表现力较强，是报纸广告难以比拟的。
杂志广告还可以用较多的篇幅来传递关于商品的详尽信息，既利于消费者理解和记忆，也有更高的保存价值。
杂志广告的缺点是：影响范围较窄。
因杂志出版周期长，经济信息不易及时传递。
mail order advertising邮购广告在邮购目录上刊登的广告。
形式之一是由邮购商店向客户分寄或分发邮购目录，由客户按目录上的商品编号及定价，把货款汇到邮购商店，商店收到后即向客户寄发商品。
这类邮购目录有成册的，也有配合时令分季零页寄发的，在前者上刊登广告一般要收费，后者大都是免费的。
mail survey 邮寄调查将事先设计好的调查表(亦称问卷，questionnaire )投寄给调查对象，要求填好后寄回。
这种形式是在被访问者不愿面谈及其反应可能受访问者或曲解的情况下所能采取的最好办法。
问卷必须简洁，问题明了。
邮寄调查表的回收率一般较低，回收时间较迟缓。
mailing list寄发表直销需要编制寄发表。
寄发对象的名单可来自电话簿、行名录、本企业客户的名单，和广告中索取说明书的回折。
也可以收集各种协会的会员录，报刊杂志的订户名录。
国外有些会员录和订户名录可以付费购买。
maintenance advertising 维持性广告在大规模广告以后，刊登地位较不显著或时间较短的广告，以保持消费者或用户对大规模广告内容的印象。
BEC商务英语考试必备词汇整理版
商务英语BEC考试必备词汇Aabroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开absent adj. 不在，不参与absenteeism n. （经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（冲击、困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v. 获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n. 设施，住宿account n. 会计帐目accountancy n. 会计工作accountant n. 会计accounts n. 往来帐目account for 解释，说明account executive n. （广告公司）客户经理*accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v. 获得，得到*acquisition n. 收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的activity n. 业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应adjust v. 整理，使适应administration n. 实施，经营，行政administer v. 管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n. 做广告，登广告advertisement n. 出公告，做广告advertising n. 广告业after-sales service n. 售后服务agenda n. 议事日程agent n. 代理人，经纪人allocate v. 分配，配给amalgamation n. 合并，重组ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心*amortise v. 摊还analyse v 分析，研究analysis n. 分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj. 每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n. 吸引力apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请，施用，实施appointee n. 被任命人appraisal n. 估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值*appropriate v. 拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n. 天资，才能*arbitrage n. 套利arbitration n. 仲裁*arrears n. 欠帐assemble v. 收集，集合assembly-line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current asset n. 流动资产fixed asset n. 固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n. 无形资产liquid assets n. 速动资产tangible assets n. 有形资产assist v. 援助，协助，出席audit n. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n. 平均，平均水准awareness n. 意识；警觉Bbacking n. 财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂*backlog n. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankrupt adj. 破产的bankruptcy n. 破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production 批量生产bear market n. 熊市beat v. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转behaviour n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark n. 衡量标准benefit n. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits n. 附加福利sickness benefit n. 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n. 盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n. 账单，票据billboard n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj. 违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list 黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n. 黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips n. 蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj. 蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n. 董事会Bond n. 债券bonus n. 津贴，红利books n. 公司帐目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记帐人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v. 点子会议，献计献策, 头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brand leader n. 占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n. （消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点, 盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破brief n. 摘要brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyout n. 买下全部产权CCAD(=Computer Aided Design) n. 计算机辅助设计call n. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign n. 战役，运动candidate n. 求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capital n. 资本，资金capture v. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款v. 兑现cash flow n. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophe n. 大灾难，大祸CEO n. Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n. 连锁店challenger n. 挑战者channel n. (商品流通的)渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把……记入（账册等）chart n. 图表checkout n. 付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f. 成本保险费加运费circular n. 传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v. 传阅claim n./v. 要求，索赔client n. 委托人，顾客cold adj. 没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialise v. 使商品化commission n. 佣金*commitment n. 承诺commodity n. 商品，货物company n. 公司limited (liability) company (ltd.) 股份有限公司public limited company (plc) n. 股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n. 补偿，酬金compete v. 比赛，竞争competition n. 比赛，竞争competitor n. 竞争者，对手competitive adj. 竞争性的component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n. 条件，状况*configuration n. 设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论*conglomerate n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司*consolidate v. 帐目合并*consortium n. 财团constant adj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n. 消耗品consumer durables n. 耐用消费品（如：洗衣机）consumer goods n. 消费品，生活资料*contingency n. 意外事件continuum n. 连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n. 承办商，承建人contribute v. 提供，捐献contribution n. 贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让core time n. （弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本fixed costs 固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs 可变成本cost-effective adj. 合算的，有效益的costing n. 成本计算，成本会计credit n. 赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit 信用证credit limit 赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n. 债权人，贷方*creditworthiness n. 信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n. 危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*critical path analysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n. 货币，流通current adj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来帐户，活期（存款）户current assets n. 流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customise v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-price a. 削价（出售）的CV(=curriculum vitae) n. 简历，履历*cycle time n. 循环时间Ddamages n. 损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱v. 记入帐户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n. 债务人aged debtors 长期债务人declare v. 申报，声明decline n./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v. 扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj. 有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n. 交货周期*demand management n. 需求规化demotivated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v. 贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模direct v 管理，指导director n. 经理，主管Managing Director n. 总经理direct cost n. 直接成本direct mail n. （商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n. 直销，直接销售directory n. 指南，号码簿discount n. 折扣，贴现dismiss v. 让……离开，打发走dismissal n. 打发走dispatch n./v. 调遣display n./v. 展出，显示dispose v. 安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distribution n. 分配，分发，分送产品*diversify v. 从事多种经营；多样化divest v. 剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门*dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad. 低档商品的*down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP(=Data Processing) n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive n. 积极性，能动性due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic adj. 有活力的Eearnings n. 工资efficiency n. 效率endorse v. 背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n. 应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n. 股东权益equity capital n. 股本equities 普通股，股票estimated demand n. 估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj. 最终的exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibit n. 展览，表现expenditure n. 花费，支出额expense n. 费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n. 费用，业务津贴expertise n. 专长，专门知识和技能*exposure n. 公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数Ffacilities n. 用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n. 设备的布局规化、计划facilities location n. 设备安置*factoring n. 折价购买债券*fail-safe system n. 安全系统feasibility study n. 可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n. 办公室外边，具体业务file n. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v. 把文件（或资料）归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firm n. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的*flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier(=flyer) n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n. 离岸价*follow-up n. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v. 预测four P's 指产品PRODUCT、价格PRICE、地点PLACE、促销PROMOTION framework n. 框架，结构*franchise n. 特许经销权v. 特许经销，给予特许经销权franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n. 授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗*freebie n. （非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n. 期货交易Ggap n. 缺口，空隙*gearing n. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）*gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goal n. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉*go public v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨gross adj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利gross yield n. 毛收益gradually adv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growth n. 增长，发展guarantee n. 保证，保单guidelines n. 指导方针，准则Hhand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营*hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责health and safety n. 健康和安全*hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源*hype n. 天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传Iimpact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implication n 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励income n. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v 招致，承担*indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirect costs n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrial adj. 工业的industrial action n. （罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n. 通货膨胀*infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给……保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试interviewee n. 被面试的人interviewer n. 主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v. 介绍，提出*inventory n. 库存buffer inventory n. 用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory n. 用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decoupling inventory n. 保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory n. 制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progress inventory n. 在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investor n. 投资者invoice n. 发票v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票* rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n. 货物，条目，条款Jjob n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明*job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）*job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj. 联合的joint bank account （几个人的）联合银行存款帐户*jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n. （未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传*just-in-time n. 无库存制度Kkey adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的know-how n. 专门技术Ｌlabel n. 标签，标牌v. 加标签，加上标牌labour n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labour market 劳动力市场labour relations 劳资关系labour shortage 劳动力短缺*launch v. 在市场推出一种新产品n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lend v. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lessor n. 出租人*ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchase ledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐*leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务licence(US: license) n. 许可证license v. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likely adj. 可能的*line process 流水线（组装）link n. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算*liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidation n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literature n. （产品说明书之类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记lose v. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实Mmagazine n. 杂志，期刊mailshot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerial adj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目matrix management n. 矩阵管理*management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net margin n. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./adj. 低档商品/地的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司*market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n. 市场渗入market segmentation 市场划分market share n. 市场占有率，市场份额*mass-marketing n. 大众营销术*master production schedule n. 主要生产计划*material requirements planning(MRP) n. 计算生产中所需材料的方法*materials handling n. 材料管理，材料控制maximise v. 使增至最大限度、最大化measure n. 措施，步骤media n. 新闻工具，传媒mass media 大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n. （在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v. 联合，合并merger n. （公司，企业等的）合并merit n. 优点，值得，应受method study n. 方法研究middleman n. 中间人，经纪人full milk n. 全脂牛奶skimmed milk n. 脱脂乳minimise v. 使减至最小限度，最小化*mission n. 公司的长期目标和原则mobility n. 流动性，可移性moderately adv. 中等地，适度地monopoly n. 垄断，独占mortgage n./v. 抵押motivate v. 激励，激发……的积极性motivated adj. 有积极性的motivation n. 提供动机，积极性，动力motive n. 动机Nnegotiate v. 谈判negotiable adj. 可谈判的，可转让的net adj. 净的，纯的network n. 网络*niche n. 专业市场中的小摊位notice n. 通知，辞职申请，离职通知Oobjective n. 目标，目的obsolete adj. 过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n. 报价，发盘offer v. 开价off-season adj./adv. 淡季的off-the-shelf adj. 非专门设计的off-the-peg adj. 标准的，非顾客化的opening n. 空位operate v. 操作，经营，管理operating profits 营业利润*operations chart n. 经营（管理）表*operations scheduling n. 生产经营进度表opportunity n. 机会*optimize v. 优化option n. 选择权share option n. 期权organigram n. 组织图organisation chart n. 公司组织机构图orient v. 定向，指引orientation n. 倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n. 结果outlay n. 开销，支出，费用*outlet n. 商店a retail outlet 零售店outgoings n. 开支，开销outlined adj. 概括，勾勒的草图output n. 产量*outsource v. 外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj. 未付款的，应收的over-demand n. 求过于供overdraft n. 透支overdraft facility 透支限额overdraw v. 透支*overhead costs n. 营业成本*overheads n. 企业一般管理费用overpay n. 多付（款）overtime n. 加班overview n. 概述，概观owe v. 欠钱，应付Pp.a.(=per annum) n. 每年packaging n. 包装物；包装parent company n. 母公司，总公司part-time adj. 部分时间工作的，业余的participate v. 参加，分享(in)partnership n. 合伙（关系），合伙，合伙企业patent n. 专利pay n. 工资，酬金v. 付钱，付报酬take-home pay 实得工资payroll n. 雇员名单，工资表peak n. 峰值，顶点penetrate v. 渗透，打入（市场）penetration n. 目标市场的占有份额pension n. 养老金，退休金perform v. 表现，执行performance n. 进行，表现工作情况performance appraisal n. 工作情况评估perk n. 额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n. 员工，人员*petty cash n. 零用现金phase out n. 分阶段停止使用*pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货* picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n. 饼形图pilot n. 小规模试验pipeline n. 管道，渠道plant capacity n. 生产规模，生产能力plot v. 标绘，策划*plough back n. 将获利进行再投资* point of sale (POS) n. 销售点policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单*portfolio n. （投资）组合*portfolio management n. 组合证券管理post n. 邮件，邮局；职位position n. 职位potential n. 潜在力，潜势power n. 能力purchasing power 购买力PR=Public Relations 公共关系*preference shares n. 优先股price n. 价格market price 市场价，市价retail price 零售价probation n. 试用期product n. 产品production cycle n. 生产周期production schedule n. 生产计划product life cycle n. 产品生命周期product mix n. 产品组合（种类和数量的组合）productive adj. 生产的，多产的*profile n. 简介形象特征profit n. 利润operating profit n. 营业利润profit and loss account n. 损益帐户project v. 预测promote v . 推销promotion n. 提升，升级proposal n. 建议，计划prospect n. 预期，展望prospectus n. 计划书，说明书prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆prototype n. 原型，样品*publicity n. 引起公众注意public adj. 公众的，公开的go public 上市public sector 公有企业publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传publics n. 公众，（有共同兴趣的）一群人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的punctuality n. 准时purchase v. & n. 购买purchaser n. 买主，采购人QQC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员qualify v. 有资格，胜任qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n. 资格，资格证明quality n. 质量quality assurance n. 质量保证quality control 质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷quote n. 报价，股票牌价quotation n. 报价，股票牌价RＲ＆ＤResearch and Development 研究与开发radically adv. 根本地，彻底地raise n. （美）增加薪金v. 增加，提高；提出，引起range n. 系列产品rank n./v. 排名rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n. 比率，费用fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率going rate 现行利率，现行汇率rating 评定结果ratio n. 比率rationalise v. 使更有效，使更合理raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的raw material n. 原材料receive v. 得到receipt n. 收据receiver n. 接管人，清算人accounts receivable 应收帐receivership n. 破产管理recession n. 萧条reckon v. 估算，认为recognise v. 承认reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核对，调和recoup v. 扣除，赔偿recover v. 重新获得，恢复recovery n. 重获，恢复recruit v. 招聘，征募n. 新招收的人员recruitment n. 新成员的吸收red n. 红色in the red 赤字，负债reduce v. 减少reduction n. 减少redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的redundancy n. 裁员，解雇reference n. 参考，参考资料reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码refund n./v. 归还，偿还region n. 地区*reimburse v. 偿还，报销reject n./v. 拒绝reliability n. 可靠性relief n. 减轻，解除，救济relocate v. 调动，重新安置remuneration n. 酬报，酬金rent v. 租n. 租金rep （代表）的缩写report to v. 低于（某人），隶属，从属reposition v. (为商品)重新定位represent v. 代表，代理representative n. 代理人，代表reputation n. 名声，声望reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的reserves n. 储量金，准备金resign v. 放弃，辞去resignation n. 辞职resistance n. 阻力，抵触情绪respond v. 回答，答复response n. 回答，答复restore v. 恢复result/results n. 结果，效果retail n./v. 零售retailer n. 零售商*retained earnings n. 留存收益retire v. 退休retirement n. 退休return n. 投资报酬*return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入，投资报酬revenue n. 岁入，税收review v./n. 检查reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏*rework v. （因劣质而）重作risk capital n. 风险资本rival n. 竞争者，对手adj. 竞争的rocket v. 急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROI Return on Investment 投资利润roughly adv. 粗略地round adj. 整数表示的，大约round trip 往返的行程royalty n. 特许权，专利权税run v. 管理，经营running adj. 运转的Ｓsack v. 解雇sales force 销售人员sample n. 样品v. 试验；抽样检验*saturation n. （市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v. 饱和save v. 节省，储蓄savings n. 存款scale n. 刻度，层次scapegoat n. 替罪羊scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的*scrap n. 废料或废品seasonal adj. 季节性的section n. 部门sector n. 部门*securities n. 债券及有价证券segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的settle v. 解决，决定settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付service n. 服务，帮佣services n. 专业服务settle v. 安排，支付set up v. 创立share n. 股份shareholder n. 股东*shelf-life n. 货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间）shift n. 轮班showroom n. 陈列室simulation n. 模拟shop n. 商店closed shop 限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop 开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward 工会管事shopfloor 生产场所shortlist n. ……供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单sick adj. 病的sick leave 病假sick note 病假条sick pay 病假工资sickness 生病skill n. 技能，熟巧skilled employee n. 熟练工人*skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n. 销售口号slump n. 暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌soft-sell n. 劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n. 软件sole adj. 仅有的，单独的sole distributor 独家分销商solvent adj. 有偿付能力的*sourcing n. 得到供货spare part n. 零部件specification n. 产品说明split v. 分离spokesman n. 发言人sponsor n. 赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传）spread n. （股票买价和卖价的）差额stable adj. 稳定的staff n. 职员stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的*statute n. 成文法statutory adj. 法定的steadily adv. 稳定地，平稳地stock n. 库存，股票stock exchange n. 证券交易所*stockbroker n. 股票经纪人stock controller 库房管理者storage n. 贮藏，库存量strategy n. 战略*streamline v. 精简机构，提高效率stress n. 压力，紧迫strike n. 罢工structure n. 结构，设备*subcontract v. 分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n. 下级adj. 下级的subscribe v. 认购subsidiary n. 子公司subsidise v. 补贴，资助subsidy n. 补助金substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地summarise v. 概括，总结superior n. 上级，长官supervisor n. 监督人，管理人supervisory adj. 监督的，管理的supply n./v. 供给，提供survey n 调查*SWOT analysis n. SWOT分析是分析一个公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险*synergy n. 协作Ｔtactic n. 战术，兵法tailor v. 特制产品tailor made products 特制产品take on 雇用takeover n. 接管target n. 目标v. 把……作为目标tariff n. 关税；价目表task n. 任务，工作task force n. 突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）tax n. 税，税金capital gains tax n. 资本收益税corporation tax n. 公司税，法人税income tax n. 所得税value added tax 增值税tax allowance 免减税tax avoidance 避税taxable 可征税的taxation 征税tax-deductible 在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n. 电话销售，电话售货temporary adj. 暂时的temporary post 临时职位tender n./v. 投标territory n. （销售）区域tie n. 关系，联系throughput n. 工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control) n. 全面质量管理*track record n. 追踪记录，业绩trade n./v. 商业，生意；交易，经商balance of trade 贸易平衡trading profit 贸易利润insider trading 内部交易trade mark 商标trade union 工会trainee n. 受培训者*transaction n. 交易，业务transfer n./v. 传输，转让*transformation n. 加工transparency n. (投影用)透明胶片treasurer n. 司库，掌管财务的人*treasury n. 国库，财政部trend n. 趋势，时尚*trouble-shooting n. 解决问题turnover n. 营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover 人员换手率stock turnover 股票换手率Uundertake v. 从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n. 无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj. 不经济的，浪费unemployment n. 失业unemployment benefit n. 失业津贴unit n. 单位unit cost n. 单位成本update v. 使现代化up to date adj./adv. 流行的，现行的，时髦的upgrade v. 升级，增加upturn n. 使向上，使朝上USP 唯一的销售计划Vvacancy n. 空缺vacant adj. 空缺的value n./v. 价值，估价valuation n. 价值value-added n. 增加值variable n. 可变物variation n. 变化，变更variety n. 多样化a variety of 多种多样的vary v. 改变，修改V AT Value Added Tax 增值税vendor n. 卖主（公司或个人）venture n. 冒险，投机venue n. 地点，集合地点viable adj. 可行的viability n. 可行性vision n. 设想，公司的长期目标vocation n. 行业，职业vocational adj. 行业的，职业的Wwage n. （周）工资wage freeze n. 工资冻结warehouse n. 仓库，货栈wealth n. 财富，资源wealthy adj. 富裕的，丰富的welfare n. 福利white-collar 白领阶层white goods n. 如冰箱和洗衣机等用在厨房中的产品wholesale n./adj./adv. 批发wholesaler 批发商*wind up v. 关闭公司withdraw v. 拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n. 拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a. 批发；批发的wholesaler n. 批发商work n. 工作working conditions n. 工作条件work-in-progress n. 工作过程workload n. 工作量work order n. （包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量work station 工作位置*working capital n. 营运资本，营运资金write off v. 取消write-off n. 债务的取消Y*yield n. 有效产量Z*zero defect n. 合格产品*zero inventory n. 零存货。
英语考试作文-BEC商务英语中级写作：顾客提高自信的原因
英语考试作文BEC商务英语中级写作：顾客提高自信的原因You work in the Market Survey institute. After careful research ,you receive four charts. Read the following charts which show , the trendof consumer confidence, real hourly wages, employment and credit development. The years are given ,while the other numbers are not presented. But the lines in the charts clearly show , the directions of development.Use the information in the charts to write a report (about 100- 120 words) analyzing the reason why the consumer confidence increases. . Write on your Answer Sheet.Near the end of 1994, people suddenly become “rich’’, buying a lot of things. We have received the report that the real hourly wages of workers become even less ,so they do not have enough money to buy so many things. Although the employment is rising towards the end of 1994 ,the growth is very slow. Therefore ,not many people find jobs to earn enoughmoney to buy goods. Then where does the big consumer confidence come from? We have discovered that people overspend with various credit cards ,buying goods. And they are not worried about returning the borrowed money. This it is our turn to be concerned about this kind of consumer confidence.。
(完整word版)BEC口语材料(教师用)
BEC Speaking Focus TrainingTopic 1: Market research（1）背景知识Market research is any organized effort to gather information about markets or customers. It is a very important component of business strategy（经营策略，商业策略，企业发展战略）. The term is commonly interchanged with marketing research（营销调研，销售调研）. However, expert practitioners（实践者，从业者）may wish to draw a distinction between them, in that marketing research is concerned specifically about marketing processes, while market research is concerned specifically with markets.Market research is a key factor to get advantage over competitors. Market research provides important information to identify and analyze the market need, market size and competition.Aims of market researchIdentify business growth opportunitiesSupport the generation and review of business strategyMonitor economic and political trendsEvaluate risk and opportunitiesSupporting detailsMarketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer or user. Marketing research is always the first step before the company gets into the market. The fundamental goal of marketing is the satisfaction of consumer needs. No organization can survive for long without meeting consumer needs. People will simply not purchase a product or service that they do not need.Thus, any organization, if it is to be successful, must proceed from the goal of customer satisfaction and adjust its programs to deliver an off ering meeting consumers’ needs.（2）BEC口语考试中题目体现Part 1: Interview(1)Do you think market research is important before launching a new product?Sample answer for your reference:Yes, market research is certainly important before launching a new product in that it can provide important information regarding the customer’s need and the potential market size. All this information will help the company identify business growth opportunities and generate feasible business strategies so that it may get an advantage over competitors.(2)What is the most important factor in conducting market research?Sample answer for your reference:Well, the most important factor in conducting market research is whether the adopted method is feasible and effective so as to gather the most useful and relevant information about markets or customers. There are five basic methods: surveys (问卷调查), focus groups (小组讨论), personal interviews (面谈), observation (观察), and field trials (现场试验). The type of data you need and how much money you’re willing to spend will determine which techniques you choose for your business.Part 2: Mini-PresentationWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…? (FOR HIGHER: The importance of market research in business operation) Conducting market research•Ascertain market need•Evaluate market sizeAnswer cues:a.What the market needs determines what should be manufactured •Ascertain market needb. Blind investment will inevitably result in company losses•Evaluate market size Market size determines the scale of production•Forecast competitors’ move The purpose of forecasting the competitors’ move is to choose anappropriate pricing strategy.Part 3：Collaborative DiscussionMarket ResearchYour company is planning to launch a new product. You have been asked to help plan the product launch and conduct the market research.Discuss the situation together, and decide:•what should be the aims of your market research?•what factors should be included in planning the market research?Answer cues:1.What should be the aims of your market researcha.Identify the potential sales volumeb.Support the generation of pricing strategiesc.Evaluate risk and opportunities2.What factors should be included in planning the market researcha.Identify which of the 5 common methods of conducting market research are applicable in our caseb.Choose appropriate subjects （选择适当的受试者）Follow-up questions:(1)What are the most commonly adopted methods in conducting market research?The most commonly adopted methods include surveys, focus groups, personal interviews, observation, and field trials. The type of data you need and how much money you’re willing to spend will determine which techniques you choose for your business.(2)Does market research always precede the launch of a new product?Yes, market research always precedes the launch of a new product. Only by doing so, can it provide important information regarding the customer’s need and the potential market size. All this information will help the company identify business growth opportunities and generate feasible business strategies so that it may get an advantage over competitors.(3)What are the factors to be considered when you conduct international market research?When conducting international market research, we should consider such important factors as the language adopted in conducting the research, style and cultural expectations (for example, “positive bias” in certain cultures) in data analyses, choice of an appropriate moderator, and specific timing of the research.(Positive bias, sometimes called politeness bias, in research means that respondents will often respond more positively in a research situation than in a "real" situation.)Topic 2: Team Work（1）背景知识The importance of team workTeamwork reflects the combined experiences, knowledge, intelligence and views of a group of people, so it will definitely improve the quality and efficiency of the work. If the participants worked together, it would be easy for them to come up with creative ideas. This is particularly valuable for a relatively complex work because, if one of them gets stuck on a matter, others / the rest could chip in their ideas and get the problem sorted out. Yet if you work on your own, you have no one to turn to when you’re faced with difficulties. If people did not work as a team, everyone would have to wait for the decisions to be made by the manager and it would not be easy to get people to take on responsibilities.A huge and complicated project is not possible to be completed /done by merely one person. For instance, theThree Gorges Project involves a huge sum of money and a lot of commercial contracts and 30 million people have to emigrate to elsewhere. You will get bored quickly if you work on you own. But if you work in a team, things are totally different. Working in a team can strengthen / raise one’s awareness of his / her abilities and the complementary skills in his / her teammates. Recruiters say candidates who can give examples of work they have done as a member of a successful team are in as strong a position as those who can point toexpertise more carefully targeted at important business issues.Globalisation has added a further dimension to teamwork. Multi-national teams now study policy decisions in the light of their impact on the local market. The idea behind teamworking is that, when the right group of people is brought together, a force develops which is greater than the sum of their individual talents.How to improve teamworkExtensive experience and a broad horizon would help in tackling urgent matters and establishing one’s personal prestige. On coming across problematic issues, new or inexperienced staff usually will feel depressed and even start to panic. One or a number of experienced team members will in such circumstances automatically become the spiritual leaders of the team and get the problems solved quickly.A wide range of experiences are important to a team member, because you can never know what kind ofproblems might suddenly pop up. Experiences in different fields will enhance the chance of successfully sorting out the problem with your knowledge based on your past experiences.What makes a good teamThe basis of team work is mutual trust and friendly atmosphere. The leader of a team should have good manners and interpersonal skills. He is not supposed to be too bossy; on the other hand, he should be patient, modest, and ready to listen to advices offered by other members. The members work towards a common objective. They discuss roles and allocate them to team members. They cooperate fully with each other. They help individuals develop within the team. Everyone makes an equal contribution to the team. The members share information effectively within the team. They listen to different points of view. They talk openly and honestly within the team. When some members of the team are under pressure, others offer help.（2）BEC口语考试中题目体现Part 1: Interview(1) Do you like working in a team or on your own?Sample answer for your reference:I prefer to work in a team. As a proverb goes: “T wo heads are better than one.” When working in a team, Ican learn from my fellow workers and get help f rom them when I’m faced with difficulties.(2) How important is the central leadership within a team?Sample answer for your reference:Central leadership within a team is very important in that we need someone with managerial skills and charisma（号召力）to lead within the team: He is able to command the situation, to engage others, and to coordinate interpersonal relationship.(3) Do you prefer to work in a small team or a big team?Sample answers for your reference:1.I prefer to work in a big team. As you know, when you work with more people, you have a better chanceof listening to different points of view, and to learn to see things in different perspectives.2.Well, I prefer to work in a small team. You know, when the team is small, the team members are morelikely to trust each other, and the atmosphere within the team is much cozier. On top of that, information is easily shared within a small team.(4)What are the characteristics of a good team?Sample answer for your reference:Such characteristics as mutual trust, full cooperation, commitment, and openness of expression among team members are essential to a good team. Besides, the team members should also be fully aware of the common goals they are aiming to attain.(5)What might be the disadvantages of working in a team environment?Sample answer for your reference:In fact working in a team environment might also have its disadvantages. Sometimes team membership requires one to give up his or her individuality in order for the team to function as an organic whole. There are also times when one feel his or her contributions to the team cannot be fully recognised, which might discourage people from working with all might and main (竭尽全力地工作).Part 2: Mini-PresentationWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?Evaluating the performance of teamwork•Mutual trust•Full cooperationAnswer cues:a.feel free to express one’s views•Mutual trust b. communicate with each other in a timely wayc. create agreeable working environmenta.make collective efforts to achieve the common objectives•Full cooperationb.learn from each other’s strengthsc.•Task achievement Task achievement is the final assessment criterion of the performancePart 3: Collaborative DiscussionTeamworkYour company is planning a brief training programme on team building for the line managers. You have been asked to help plan the programme.Discuss the situation together, and decide:•what issues should the programme focus on•what kind of activities should be organisedAnswer cues:1.What issues should the programme focus ona.how to form an effective teamb.how to improve communication within the teamc.how to nurture team dynamics（团队动力）2.What kind of activities should be includeda.team building gamesb.outdoor activities like rafting or mountain climbingto liven up the training sessionsto increase personal awareness of abilities and complementary skills in your teammatesto encourage team participation and problem solving and revitalize moraleFollow-up questions:(1)What are the characteristics of a good team?Such characteristics as mutual trust, full cooperation, commitment, and openness of expression among team members are essential to a good team. Apart from that, the team members should also be fully aware of the common goals they are aiming to attain.(2)What might be the disadvantages of working in a team environment?In fact working in a team environment might also have its disadvantages. Sometimes team membership requires one to give up his or her individuality in order for the team to function as an organic whole. And there are also times when you feel frustrated because your contributions to the team are not fully recognized.(3)Would you like to participate in a programme for developing teamwork spirit?Sure, because such a programme will offer me opportunities to develop better interpersonal communication skills, and these are essential for my personal career.Topic 3: Project Management（1）背景知识Project management is the discipline of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals. A project is a temporary（暂时的，临时的）endeavor with a defined beginning and end (usually time-constrained, and often constrained by funding（经费）or deliverables（可交付成果）), undertaken to meet unique goals and objectives, typically to bring about beneficial change or added value（附加值，增值价值）. The temporary nature of projects stands in contrast with business as usual (or operations), which are repetitive, permanent, or semi-permanent functional activities to produce products or services. In practice, the management of these two systems is often quite different, and as such（同样地，就其本身而论）requires the development of distinct technical skills and management strategies.The primary challenge of project management is to achieve all of the project goals and objectives while honoring the preconceived（预想的，预期的）constraints. The primary constraints are scope, time, quality and budget. The secondary —and more ambitious—challenge is to optimize（优化，完善）the allocation of necessary inputs and integrate them to meet pre-defined objectives.Time managementA well-designed schedule can clarify the project. You should ensure that you would be running before theschedule rather than after it. Time is always of essence for a project. Failure to keep to the schedule will result in / cause late completion. Late completion will lead to: civil litigation（民事诉讼）and the injured party（受害方）will be entitled to claim compensation（要求赔偿）/be entitled to sue（起诉）the breaching（违约的）company. When the project is being processed /In the course of carrying out the project, there will be a lot of commercial activities involved, such as investment bank advance（投资银行借款）, raw material supply, planning permission（规划许可，建筑许可）, and sub-contract（分包合同）/outsourcing（外包）. Failure to stick to the schedule will affect the above-mentioned matters.Stress managementStress management starts with identifying the sources of stress in your life. This isn’t as easy as it sounds.Your true sources of stress aren’t always obvious, and it’s all too easy to overlook your own stress-inducing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Y ou may know that you’re constantly worried abo ut work deadlines, but maybe it’s your procra stination（耽搁，拖延）, rather than the actual job demands, that leads to deadline stress.If your methods of coping with stress aren’t contributing to your greater emotional and physical health, it’s time to find healthier ones. There are many healthy ways to manage and cope with stress, but they all require change. You can either change the situation or change your reaction. When deciding which option to choose, it’s helpful to think of the four A’s: avoid, alter, adapt, or accept.Dealing with stressful situations: the f our A’sChange the situation: Change your reaction:•Avoid the stressor. (避免压力源) •Adapt to the stressor. (适应压力源)•Alter the stressor. (改变压力源) •Accept the stressor. (接受压力源)（2）BEC口语考试中题目体现Part 1: Interview(1)How important is the effective management of time?Sample answer for your reference:As the famous saying goes, time is money. Like money, time must be managed. Both time and life are limited, so nobody can afford to waste time. To some extent, wasting time means wasting both life and money.(2)Do you think it is vital to set goals for a project?Sample answer for your reference:Yes. Only by setting goals can you precisely know what you plan to achieve and what you have to concentrate on. Goals give you a long-term vision and a short-term motivation, so as for you to work toward it step by step.(3)What do you think company executives can do to help staff relieve work stress?Sample answer for your reference:Sometimes employees may feel stressed because they have too much work to do. So the company executives need to divide responsibilities, help employees prioritize work, and take into account the cost of stress before increasing someone’s workload; otherwise more people should be hired.(4)How do you deal with nervousness and physical exhaustion?Sample answer for your reference:When I feel nervous and physically upset, I will try to relax myself by resorting to outdoor activities, for example, mountain climbing. Sometimes diverting myself with a movie or something also brings about the desired effect.(5)Are there any merits to working under stress?Sample answer for your reference:Sure. Stress sometimes adds a touch of excitement to life, and we thrive under a reasonable amount of stress.Our life is made more colorful with competitions and frustrations. If there is no stress at all, boredom and dejection might characterize our life.Part 2: Mini-PresentationWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?Managing a project•Goal setting•Forming an effective teamAnswer cues:a.For the project to proceed in an orderly manner•Goal settingb. Improve cohesion and collaboration among team members•Forming an effective team Plays an important role in attaining the goals of a project•Budget Nothing can be achieved without the support of funds2.WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?Coping with a busy schedule•Time management•Others’ cooperationAnswer cues:a.Essential for improving efficiency•Time management b. Prioritization helps one concentrate on the most urgent tasksc. Instrumental for organizing yourself and reducing stress•Others’ cooperation Others’ awareness of your busy engagement will help reduce interruption•Resort to technology Resort to expedient technology can bring about greatly improved efficiency3.WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?Managing work stress•Hobbies•Realistic targetAnswer cues:a.Hobbies divert your focus and help you forget about your worries •Hobbies•Realistic target Realistic and reasonable work target helps you get mentally relieved•Supportive friendships Getting help from friends is indispensable to the management of work stressPart 3：Collaborative Discussion1.Time ManagementSome colleagues in your office feel overburdened with work, yet achieve very little. You have been asked to make recommendations about how to improve the situation.Discuss the situation together, and decide:•what caused the inefficiency•how to manage time effectivelyAnswer cues:1.What caused the inefficiencya.Heavy workload cannot be neglected.b.Unskillful time management may be responsible too.2.How to manage time effectivelya.Keep a list of all necessary tasks that need to carry out.b.Prioritize all tasks in order of importance and urgency.c.Find creative time for priorities /Set aside your best time for your priorities.Follow-up questions:(1)Do you think it’s important to know about your strengths and weaknesses when finding a job?Yes. Trying to find a job that suits your strengths is very important, because no one in this mortal world is perfect, and we have to realize what our weaknesses are so as to avoid them in our performance of daily work.(2)Would you voluntarily take on other people’s responsibilities?Well, in western culture this is a sign of wasting time and inefficient time management. But in China we are more ready to help each other and sometimes take on other people’s responsibilities voluntarily. So I think I will.(3)What would you do if you are unable to concentrate?In fact this rarely happens to me. If it does, I wo n’t force myself to concentrate; instead I will take a short break and have some refreshments or have some physical exercise.2.Managing StressYour managing director is concerned that some staff are in low spirits and not doing their work efficiently. You have been asked to make recommendations about how to improve this situation.Discuss the situation together, and decide:•why staff are inefficient in their job•how to help staff manage their stressAnswer cues:1.Why staff are inefficient in their joba. Working environment can create physical and mental stress.b. Leadership style may be responsible for the phenomenon.c. Fierce competition and work overburden is undoubtedly responsible too.2.How to help staff manage their stressa.Offer staff training opportunities to improve their time management skills so as to help them deal withheavy workload.anize sports to help staff learn to help and cooperate with one another and get relaxed after work.c.Management knowledge and skills are also essential and crucial..Follow-up questions:(1)Do you think companies should arrange leisure activities for the staff?Yes. Leisure activities, such as sports, will help the staff better manage stress, make them physically fit and strong, foster team spirit and boost morale.(2)How do you deal with stress in your life?When I am under heavy workload, I will divert my attention with something I enjoy, for example, go shopping or go mountain-climbing or have some other sports.(3)Is time management important when dealing with stress?Yes. Skillful time management is essential in our life; it can help you out of your disordered and chaotic life.You should allocate proper blocks of time to different aspects of your life so that you will rarely feel stressful.Topic 4: Coping with Competition（1）背景知识PricingPricing strategies for products or services encompass（包含）three main ways to improve profits. These arethat the business owner can cut costs or sell more, or find more profit with a better pricing strategy. When costs are already at their lowest and sales are hard to find, adopting a better pricing strategy is a key option to stay viable.Merely raising prices is not always the answer, especially in a poor economy. Too many businesses have been lost because they priced themselves out of the marketplace. On the other hand, too many business and sales staff leave "money on the table"（该赚的钱不去赚）. One strategy does not fit all, so adopting a pricing strategy is a learning curve（学习曲线，认知曲线）when studying the needs and behaviors of customers and clients.For new products, the pricing objective often is either to maximize profit margin or to maximize quantity (market share). To meet these objectives, skim pricing（刮脂定价法）and penetration pricing（渗透定价法）strategies often are employed.Skimming is most appropriate when:∙Demand is expected to be relatively inelastic; that is, the customers are not highly price sensitive.∙Large cost savings are not expected at high volumes, or it is difficult to predict the cost savings that would be achieved at high volume.∙The company does not have the resources to finance the large capital expenditures necessary for high volume production with initially low profit margins.Penetration pricing pursues the objective of quantity maximization by means of a low price. It is most appropriate when:∙Demand is expected to be highly elastic; that is, customers are price sensitive and the quantity demanded will increase significantly as price declines.∙Large decreases in cost are expected as cumulative volume increases.∙The product is of the nature of something that can gain mass appeal fairly quickly.∙There is a threat of impending competition.Pricing methodsTo set the specific price level that achieves their pricing objectives, managers may make use of several pricing methods. These methods include:∙Cost-plus pricing - set the price at the production cost plus a certain profit margin.∙Target return pricing - set the price to achieve a target return-on-investment.∙Value-based pricing - base the price on the effective value to the customer relative to alternative products.∙Psychological pricing - base the price on factors such as signals of product quality, popular price points, and what the consumer perceives to be fair.Supporting detailsa. (For a consumer) All consumers would like to go for less expensive products of higher quality. It is acommon sense.b. (For a manager) Correct pricing policies can capture a large number of consumers within a short period oftime.c. (For a newly established company) Correct pricing policies are particularly important for newlyestablished businesses. The major task for them at the early stage is to draw the public attention and make their company and their brand known to the public. When a new product is put into market, there may be very few people who know about it.Competitors’ priceOnce a new product is put into market, it will immediately face the competition from rivals. The price war sometimes can be incredibly fierce and cruel. Competitors’ price will mirror the consumers’ attitude towards certain products and the satisfaction about their prices. If you fixed the price higher than your rivals without higher quality of service, you might soon find yourself in an unfavorable situation. Correct pricing policies could also defeat some competitors within a short period of time.Advertising strategiesThe fundamental task for a company is to make its products and itself known to the public. There are many ways to achieve this, and advertising is the most important one. Advertising through different media can cover nearly every corner in the world. The main channels are: TV, Radio, Internet, Newspaper, Bill Board, Poster, and Magazine.The advantage / point of advertising is not only about propagandizing your company but also competing against/with your rivals. A company, through proper advertisements, can manage to introduce the advantages of their products compared to their rivals’, and therefore convince the consumers that their products would be the right choice.（2）BEC口语考试中题目体现Part 1: Interview(1)Is price is the sole consideration of consumers when deciding to buy a product?Sample answer for your reference:Yes, consumers always compare the prices of the goods produced by different manufacturers and choose the cheapest ones. Lower prices are forever appealing to customers because it is the instinct of human beings to save money as much as possible.(2)Why do you think companies should take competition into consideration when setting prices for theirproducts?Sample answer for your reference:If a company wants to secure a substantial market share and be competitive, it must take competition intoconsideration. That is, it must set the prices of a product equal to or lower than its competitors’.(3)Do you think that it’s an effective way to beat competition by improving the quality of your products?Sample answer for your reference:Yes. In fact quality of products is also an important concern of customers. And quality is something that your competitors cannot easily match. If a company can establish a quality advantage, it can realize a larger profit margin by raising its selling price.(4)What do you think are the most commonly used advertising media?Sample answer for your reference:The most commonly used advertising media include newspapers, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, and out-door displays. Yet nowadays, Internet advertising is on the rise.(5)Do you think television advertising is the most effective medium of advertising?Sample answer for your reference:Yes. Television has a larger audience than other forms of media, therefore television advertising can reach vast audiences. Apart from that, television allows creative use of action, color, and sound, which is impossible with any other medium of advertising.(6)Do you think Internet advertising will be more important than other forms of advertising in the future?Sample answer for your reference:Yes, I think so. Internet advertising is free from many governmental restrictions. And with the development of technology, more and more people fall into the habit of surfing on the Internet at their leisure hours. So Internet advertising has a bright future.Part 2: Mini-Presentation1.WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?Coping with competition•Pricing strategies•Advertising campaignAnswer cues:a.Prices are a major consideration for customers•Pricing strategiesb. Lower prices can readily boost sales and secure for the company a largermarket share.。
商务英语口语学习：市场调查
We conducted a market survey in July. 我们在七月做了一项市场调查。
Please show us your result. 请给我们展示一下结果。
We want to do extensive market research before making the decision to go ahead with the product. 我们想在决定推出新产品之前做一次广泛的市场调查。
We want to do extensive market research before making the decision to go ahead with the product. 我们想在决定推出新产品之前做一次广泛的市场调查。
Shall we invite consulting company to do it? 我们要请咨询公司来完成吗？Only correct market research enables both production and marketing to thrive. 市场调查准确，才能使产品产销两旺。
We have experts' suggestions. 我们有专家的建议。
My success in business is based on timely survey of the market. 我做生意成功的秘诀是适时地做市场调查。
Foreign companies must understand the needs of the local people. 跨国企业必须要了解当地人民的需求。
We will focus on the market investigation and the analysis to southeast traveling. 我们来看看对东南亚旅游进行的市场调查和分析。
Please go ahead. 请讲。
BEC商务英语高级必备口语资料(二)
BEC商务英语高级必备口语资料（二）1. Marketing: how to assess whether there is a market for a new productYou should carry out a research on the customer demands to see if there is a read need in the market for your new product. The feedback or result will help you to decide whether to launch the new product on the market.You should pay special attention to your competitors. Detect whether they are going to launch their new product onto the market. if the answer if yes that probably means there is a demand in the market for some new product. Then be quick and put on your rival product to coincide with them.2. Human resources: how to use staff appraisal schemesYou should see to it that the staff appraisal schemes be a chance for management and employees to come together and exchange ideas, set joint targets and improve the way decisions are reached.The scheme should have a clear appeal process and any negative feedback should be accompanied by evidence such as dates, times and outcomes. Most importantly ratings should reflect measurable element of the job requirements.3. Advertising: the importance of television and cinema advertisementIn fact television and cinema advertising both function as a kind of media which tells or even guides people to buy products or services. With the development of the telecommunication television has become the most important carrier of advertisement and as a result of that TV advertising has the largest amount of audience all over the world. They have penetrated into people’s daily life a nd persuaded them to buy whenever they turn on them. On the other hand the popularity of the movie make every audience be under the influence of cinema advertising at the beginning and end of the movie.。
BEC商务英语话题：MarketResearch市场调研
BEC商务英语话题：MarketResearch市场调研BEC商务英语热门话题:MarketResearch市场调研对话1：A: Your new task is to reach US $20 billion by the end of 2006. That’s a magnificent task. How can you make sure you will accomplish it?你们的新目标是到 2006 年底增到 200 亿美元，这是宏伟的任务，你们怎样完成这个任务呢?B: Well, in addition to improving the quality of our products, we need to open more international markets.除了提高我们的产品质量，我们还需要开拓更多的销售市场。
A: As far as I know, you have many regular customers.据我所知，你们有很多老客户。
B: Yes, most trading companies have regular customers. But it is quite another story for those manufacturing enterprises that have just started exporting. They can’t find certain distribution channels.是的'，大多数贸易公司都有老客户，但是对于那些刚刚开始出口的生意的生产企业来讲情况就不同了，他们找不到分销渠道。
A: Do you have any particular plan to help them to open up new markets?你们有没有特别的计划帮助他们打开新的市场?B: Yes, we do. In order to help them build up marketing channels, we have decided to strengthen market research and gather more information from various resources, such as national trade statistics, trade journals and directories, international organizations and field investigations.有。
跨境电商商务英语调查报告
跨境电商商务英语调查报告Cross-border e-commerce has become a popular trend in recent years, with more and more businesses seeking global opportunities to expand their markets and reach a wider customer base. This report aims to provide an overview of the current status and future prospects of cross-border e-commerce, as well as the challenges and opportunities it presents for businesses.1. Introduction- Definition of cross-border e-commerce- Importance and growth of cross-border e-commerce in the global market- Purpose and scope of the report2. Current Status of Cross-border E-commerce- Overview of global cross-border e-commerce market size and growth rate- Analysis of key players and their market share- Market trends and consumer preferences in different countries - Popular product categories in cross-border e-commerce3. Challenges in Cross-border E-commerce- Legal and regulatory barriers in different countries- Language and cultural barriers- Payment and currency exchange issues- Shipping and logistics challenges- Intellectual property rights protection4. Opportunities in Cross-border E-commerce- Access to a larger customer base and new markets- Ability to offer unique products and services- Reduced operating costs and potential for higher profit margins - Collaboration opportunities with local partners and suppliers- Ability to leverage technology for efficient operations and customer targeting5. Strategies for Success in Cross-border E-commerce- Conducting market research and understanding target customers- Building a strong online presence and optimizing websites for international customers- Developing localized marketing campaigns and customer support- Establishing reliable payment and shipping solutions- Ensuring a secure and user-friendly online shopping experience 6. Case Studies of Successful Cross-border E-commerce Businesses- Examples of companies that have effectively tapped into the global market through cross-border e-commerce- Highlight key strategies and best practices that contributed to their success- Discuss any challenges they faced and how they overcame them7. Future Trends and Outlook for Cross-border E-commerce- Projected growth of the global cross-border e-commerce market - Emerging technologies and their potential impact on cross-border e-commerce- Changing consumer behaviors and expectations- Opportunities and challenges in specific regions or countries 8. Conclusion- Recap of key findings and insights from the report- Recommendations for businesses entering or expanding in the cross-border e-commerce market- Final thoughts on the future of cross-border e-commerceIn conclusion, cross-border e-commerce offers exciting opportunities for businesses to expand their reach in the global market. However, navigating the complexities of international trade requires careful planning, market research, and understanding of local regulations and consumer preferences. By leveraging the right strategies and technologies, businesses can position themselves for success in the dynamic and ever-growing world of cross-border e-commerce.。
跨境电商商务英语调查报告
跨境电商商务英语调查报告Cross-border e-commerce has become an increasingly popular business model due to its convenience for consumers and potential for market expansion. This report aims to provide an overview of the current state of cross-border e-commerce and the challenges and opportunities it presents for businesses.1. Definition and Background of Cross-border E-commerce- Define cross-border e-commerce as the online purchase and sale of products and services between businesses or consumers in different countries.- Highlight the rapid growth of cross-border e-commerce in recent years, fueled by advancements in technology, improved logistics, and increased consumer trust.2. Advantages and Benefits of Cross-border E-commerce- Discuss the potential for market expansion and access to a larger customer base.- Highlight the cost savings from eliminating intermediaries and streamlining supply chains.- Explain the opportunity for businesses to diversify their revenue streams and reduce dependence on a single market.3. Challenges and Risks of Cross-border E-commerce- Address the regulatory and legal challenges, such as customs and import/export regulations, taxation, and intellectual property rights. - Discuss the language and cultural barriers that businesses may encounter when expanding into foreign markets.- Highlight the logistical challenges, including shipping costs, delivery times, and returns management.4. Strategies for Successful Cross-border E-commerce- Emphasize the importance of market research to identify target markets and understand local preferences and consumer behaviors. - Discuss the need for localization efforts, including translating product descriptions and website content, adapting payment methods, and offering customer support in local languages.- Highlight the significance of building trust and credibility, such as through customer reviews, certifications, and secure payment methods.5. Case Studies and Success Stories- Provide examples of companies that have successfully expanded their business through cross-border e-commerce, highlighting their strategies and outcomes.- Discuss the lessons learned from these successful ventures and how they can be applied to other businesses.6. Future Trends and Opportunities in Cross-border E-commerce- Discuss emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, and their potential impact on cross-border e-commerce. - Highlight the growth potential in developing markets, such as Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Africa, and the importance of adapting to local market dynamics.- Discuss the increasing importance of sustainability and social responsibility in cross-border e-commerce and how businesses can incorporate these principles into their operations.7. Conclusion- Summarize the key findings and insights from the report.- Emphasize the significance of cross-border e-commerce as a growth opportunity for businesses.- Provide recommendations for businesses looking to enter or expand in the cross-border e-commerce market.In conclusion, cross-border e-commerce presents significant opportunities for businesses to expand their market reach and increase revenue. However, it also comes with several challenges and risks that need to be carefully addressed. By implementing appropriate strategies and learning from successful examples, businesses can successfully navigate the complexities of cross-border e-commerce and achieve sustainable growth in the global marketplace.。
商务英语综合实训项目三 市场调研与产品推销
第二节 实际运用
Suggested answers for task 1
David: Hello, Laura, Haven't seen you for ages! David: Pretty good. I work for a computer company. David: Yeah, so I’m happy with the work. I understand your company is in need of some new computer equipment? David: Well I might be able to help you there; the company I represent is a major provider of a wide range of quality computer equipment. David: Because not only do we custom build the equipment to your requirements but our computers and after-sales service is first class. David: Certainly. We have our own computer specialists and engineers that can not only build your required systems, but also install all the necessary software and networks. David: I assure you ma'am, you won't find better. Can I give you a few brochures that will further explain what we can offer?
商务英语市场调研实训报告
商务英语市场调研实训报告
一、引言
本次实训旨在通过对商务英语市场的调研，了解当前市场概况以及潜在机会和
挑战，以便制定适当的营销战略和业务发展方向。
二、市场背景分析
1. 商务英语市场规模
根据最新统计数据显示，商务英语市场规模在过去几年持续增长，预计未来几
年仍将保持稳步增长。
2. 竞争对手分析
当前市场上存在多家知名商务英语培训机构，竞争激烈。
竞争对手的优势包括
师资力量、教学资源以及品牌影响力。
三、调研方法
本次调研采用了问卷调查、访谈和数据分析等多种方法，以全面了解目标市场
的需求和潜在机会。
四、调研结果
1. 需求分析
调研结果显示，目标市场对商务英语培训的需求侧重于实用性和职业发展。
学
员希望通过学习商务英语提升职场竞争力。
2. 潜在机会和挑战
调研还发现，市场上存在一定的空白领域，可以通过创新的教学模式和课程设
置来满足这一部分学员的需求。
但同时也面临市场竞争激烈和教学资源匮乏等挑战。
五、营销策略建议
基于调研结果，我们提出以下营销策略建议：
1.创新教学模式：引入在线教学和个性化学习，以提升学员学习体验。
2.加强师资力量：提高教师培训水平，提升教学质量。
3.营销推广：开展定向的市场推广活动，提升品牌知名度。
结语
通过本次市场调研实训，我们深入了解了商务英语市场的需求和潜在机会，为未来的商务英语培训业务发展提供了重要参考。
希望通过实施营销策略建议，能够取得更好的市场表现。
以上报告仅为初步调研结果，具体实施应结合实际情况进行调整和完善。
商务英语听说 Unit 13 Market Research
Unit 13 Market Research
Teaching Aims
3 1
To learn how to conduct a market research;;
2
To learn what benefits can market research bring to the company;
3 3
Part II Listening for gist
Word Bank
low-end a. 低档的, 廉价的 detergent introductory n.洗涤剂，去垢剂 a.介绍的;初步的; nauseating a. 使人作呕[厌恶]的 fickle a.多变的
• Task One
• Directions: You are going to here a dialogue between Helen and Lester. Answer the following questions according to what you hear.
• • • • 1. A. B. C. Helen and Lester work for __________.(B) a supermarket a hardware manufacturer a consultancy
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Writing a resume/CV (curriculum vitae) Content Format
Writing a resume in English can be very different than in your native tongue. The following shows how to outline a standard resume format. Here's How: First, take notes on your work experience - both paid and unpaid, full time and part time. Write down your responsibilities, job title and company information. Include everything! Take notes on your education. Include degree or education. certificates, major or course emphasis, school names and courses relevant to career objectives. Take notes on other accomplishments. Include accomplishments. membership in organizations, military service and any other special accomplishments.
Ways to conduct market survey: Questionnaire Telephone survey Mail survey Online survey Free sample and feedback form Observation Group focus or session
ITC Investment Consultants This is an opening for a bright, part-qualified partassistant to work in an investment company’s busy personnel department. You will need to department. have one year’s experience of interviewing job applicants, and the confidence to handle appraisals and disciplinary actions. Further training will be offered for the right candidate. Keyboard skills are desirable as you will manage all personal correspondence.
What can be obtained? Products: price, quality, packages Consumer: flavor, habit, economics Competitor: product, promotion and so on Distributor: wholesaler/retailer
Hooper’s Join this household name and play a key part in supporting their Regional Operations Director and Marketing team. This is a newly-created newlyposition within a well-established firm and wellthere is plenty of opportunity for you to develop your role. You will need to be selfselfmotivated with the ability to prioritize. Some Windows experience essential.
From the notes, choose which skills are transferable (skills that are similar) to the job you are applying for - these are the most important points for your resume. Begin resume by writing your full name, address, telephone number, fax and email at the top of the resume. Write an objective. The objective is a short sentence describing what type of work you hope to obtain. Begin work experience with your most recent job. job. Include the company specifics and your responsibilities - focus on the skills you have identified as transferable. Continue to list all of your work experience job by job progressing backwards in time. Remember to focus on skills that are transferable.
Unit 2
Business establishment
ⅠMarket Surveyห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Review Q: What niche market is most probably exploited around our campus? And why? hair beauty salon, internet bar, restaurant, bookshop, clothes store…
Summarize your education, including important facts (degree type, specific courses studied) that are applicable to the job you are applying for. Include other relevant information such as languages spoken, computer programming knowledge etc. under the heading: Additional Skills Finish with the phrase: REFERENCES Available upon request Your entire resume should ideally not be any longer than one page. If you have had a number of years of experience specific to the job you are applying for, two pages are also acceptable.
John Guild & Son City finance house seeks a mature person to work for the Secretariat. The post involves: involves: looking after customers’ financial assets such as property and possessions; database work; possessions; accounting; and organizational responsibilities. The bulk of the workload is highly confidential. A good level and range of PC experience will secure you an interview.
ILT Consultants Here’s an exciting opportunity to combine your presentation skills and organisational abilities, abilities, working for a team of systems analysts. analysts. You will need to have a good eye for detail as the role involves large amounts of proof reading and checking. The job also involves client liaison at all levels , as well as an element of research.
Spacing: ADDRESS (center of page in bold) OBJECTIVE double space EXPERIENCE double space EDUCATION double space ADDITIONAL SKILLS double space REFERENCES. Left align everything except name/address. Tips: Use dynamic action verbs such as: accomplished, collaborated, encouraged, established, facilitated, founded, managed, etc. Do NOT use the subject 'I', use tenses in the past. 'I', Except for your present job. Example: Conducted routine inspections of on site equipment.