考研英语串讲班写作讲义——连俊霞

考研英语串讲写作讲义
连俊霞
国内考试部
第一章小作文最后冲刺
第一节6分格式必备
1.1书信格式
1.称呼：
（1）不认识人：To Whom It May Concern, / Dear Sir or Madam,
有姓名：Dear+人名，
（2）认识人：
无姓名：Dear+自编人名，
注意：称呼后面用逗号。

2.落款：
（1）朋友：Yours，（2）其他：Sincerely yours，Li Ming Li Ming
注意：大写首字母与逗号。

3.正文秘诀：首段写目的，中间讲顺序，结尾表期许。

4.模板样式：
Dear …,
首段（I am writing this letter to d o sth.）。

中间段(First and foremost, …. Secondly, …. At last, ….)。

尾段(1. 期待回复I am looking forward to your early reply. 2. 客套感谢Thank you for your time and consideration. 3. 重申主题I feel obliged to express my appreciation / apologies again. / Congratulations again to you.)
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
1.2告示格式
1.标题：Notice / NOTICE；Announcement/ ANNOUNCEMENT
2.落款：题中告知——Use “…”instead.
3.正文秘诀：首段-目的，要求在其中；二段-联系，电话电邮留；若还没写完，凑字靠“欢
迎”。

4.模板样式：
Notice
In order to …, … is going to be hel d in 地方in 时间。

The applicants shoul d meet the foll owing requirements. First and foremost, …. Secondly, …. At last, ….
Please contact us at 8888888 or send email to nb@.
Everybody is welcome to join in the activity.
XXXXX
（53 words）1.3 摘要格式
1. 标题：Abstract/ABSTRACT
2. 正文秘诀：文章不分段，总分总结构；各段首句翻，顺序词再添。

3. 模板样式：
Abstract
This article focuses o n … in the foll owing … aspects. First and foremost, …. Secondly, …. Thirdly, …. At last, …. In conclusion, the composition makes a specific and comprehensive analysis of ….
（33 words）
第二节高分必背范文
2.1 书信必背范文
1. 感谢信（英语一必背）
Direction：
You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to
(1)express your thanks for his/her warm reception;
(2)welcome him/her to visit China in due course.
范文：
Dear Bob,
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in an exchange program in USA.
Your generous help made it possibl e that I had a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American cultures better. Besid es, I think it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I coul d have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.
I feel obliged to thank you again.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (111words)
2. 祝贺信（英语一必背）
Directions:
Suppose your cousin Lily has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a l etter to
(1)congratulate him/her; and
(2)give him some advice for the college life.
范文：
Dear Li Ming,
I am writing to congratulate you on your graduation from high school and entering Peking University, one of the top universities in China.
Your family and I are so proud of you for what you have got, and you d eserve all of this on basis of your previous hard work. Furthermore, coll ege is a new beginning and a chance to make further improvement of yourself and your experience. Hence, it is advisabl e to cherish the time to study and enjoy with your friends. Besides, try to participate in some college and social activities to enhance your life experience.
Congratulations to you again. And I wish you good luck in the pursuit of a higher academic degree.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (123words)
3. 道歉信（英语二必背）
Directions:
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landl ord there. Write him a letter to
(1 ) make an apol ogy, and
(2) suggest a solution.
范文：
Dear Bob,
I am writing to express my apology to you.
Several days ago, I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house. Unfortunately, after I came back from Canada, I found it in my luggage. I was in such a hurry that I forgot to return it to you. I will send it to you by post or express as soon as possible. If necessary, I will compensate for any troubl es it may cause.
Once again, I feel so sorry for any inconvenience caused. Please accept my apol ogies.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (95words)
5.建议信（英语二必背）
Directions:
The vehicle use restrictions have been recommended to solve road congestion in your city. Write a letter to the mayor to
1) give your opinions briefly, and
2) make your own suggestion(s).
范文：
Dear Mr. Mayor,
As a citizen of Beijing who concerns with the traffic problem very much, I am honored to write this letter to you for some solution proposals about the head-scratching traffic.
It would be agreed that almost all the people working and living here experienced the severe traffic situation at rush hours. Hence, I suggest we had better be strict about the restriction on the car purchasing and the cars on roads. Besides, public transportation needs to be stressed more in the manner of enhancing its capacity and service.
Thank you for your time and consideration. I do expect a better traffic situation.
Sincerely yours,
Zhang Wei (109words)
6.辞职信（英语二必背）
Directions:
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Design&Fashion. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decid e to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your d ecision, stating your reason(s), and making an apol ogy.
范文：
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing this letter to apologize that I will quit the position as an editor for your magazine for the reason of myself.
Two months ago, I was accepted by your magazine --- the Designs and Fashions. During the span of working here, I was deeply impressed by the kindness and diligence of all staff members around me.But I gradually come to realize that the job probably is not suitabl e for me because: First, I am an outgoing girl who is not in favor of staying the office and doing the regular routine every day; what is more, I find that I am not able to d evote all my efforts to a job which I d o not really like.
So I am awfully sorry to tell you my d ecision to quit. Please again accept my apol ogy.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (108words)
7.请求推荐信（英语二必背）
Directions:
Suppose you are striving to find a job. Write a letter of request to your teacher Mr. Wang, asking him to write a reference letter for you..
范文：
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am a student of English Department of our university, and I am writing to ask whether it woul d be possible for you to provide a reference for me.
I am in the process of seeking employment and a positive reference from you woul d enhance my prospects of achieving my career goals. If you were able to attest to my qualifications for employment and the skills I attained during my school life in the university, I woul d like to sincerely appreciate it.
Please let me know if there is any information I can provide to assist you in giving me a reference. I can be reached at LIMING@ or 88888888.
Thank you for your time.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (122words)
8. 申请信（英语一&英语二通背）
Directions:
You want to apply for the position of a part-time teacher in a school open for farmers-turned-workers’ children. Write a letter to the headmaster of that school to express
your wish of teaching those children.
范文：
Dear Headmaster,
As a college student,I l earn from the newspaper that you are hiring part-time teachers for farmers-turned-workers’ children, and I am writing to apply for the job.
As far as I know, those children, who are not treated as ordinary urban resid ents, cannot get the same schooling as their counterparts. Therefore, I volunteer to use what I have learned to teach them. In addition, I am a senior majoring in English in Pecking University, so I can teach the children how to master a foreign language through scientific and effective ways.
Thank you for your time and consideration. I am looking forward to your earliest reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (112words)
9.邀请信（英语一&
Directions:
Write a letter to Dr. Robinson, inviting him for a short-term visit to your university and give some lectures.
范文：
Dear Dr. Robinson,
As an a dvocate of “Academic Exchange Week” of Peking University, I am much honored to invite you to our university as a visiting professor.
As you are a well-known scholar in Genetic Engineering, which has always been a major discipline in our department, I believe our students will be immensely benefited if you can give them a series of lectures on new development in the field.
During your stay in our university, the department will offer you a two-bedroom flat on the campus and it is for free. In addition, the department will also offer you a sum of 5000 yuan (RMB) as lecture fees.
I sincerely hope that you can give me a favorable reply at your early convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (127words)
10. 投诉信（英语一&
Directions:
Write a letter to ABC Company, complaining the poor service of its buses.
范文：
To Whom It May Concern,
As a regular passenger of Line 333 of ABC Bus Company, I am writing to complain about the poor service of its buses.
Firstly, air-conditioners of the buses are sel dom turned on in the burning summer, though passengers have paid the tickets for the service. Secondly, buses almost never run on
schedule at night, which wastes a lot of precious time of the passengers'. Finally, some bus conductors are rud e and impatient.
I sincerely advice ABC Company to improve its service, such as training the conductors and drivers, repairing the air-conditioners, set new rules for schedule, and so on.
I trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to improve the service of your business.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (129words)
11.倡议信（英语一&
Directions:
An increasing number of cars have resulted in road congestion and air pollution. Write a proposal letter on the Internet to
1) awaken the public concern for the problems,
2) call on the public to reduce using vehicles.
范文：
Dear friends,
Have you ever been impatient when waiting in your cars or feel uncomfortable? Have you ever stamped at the stops owing to the late buses? Have you ever felt smothered in the cars of subway lines? If you are familiar with the feelings mentioned above, you are not alone. Road congestion and air pollution have become serious urban problems and they may be more harmful, if we hesitate to change our life style.
The following proposals may be helpful to solution of the probl ems. First, reducing vehicl e use can effectively relive the road situation and air pollution. Second, if an increasing number of citizens take bus or subway, the terrible situation can also be eased.
Let’s make wise choice and take actions!
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (128words)
12. 确认信（英语一&
Directions:
You are admitted to an American university as an exchange student. Write a formal acceptance letter to your future dean Mr. George. Includ e the foll owing points in your letter:
(1) to accept the offer,
(2) to confirm your personal information and school schedule.
范文：
Dear Mr. George,
I am Li Ming from Beijing University, China, who has applied for the exchange stud ent in your university. I am writing this letter to express my appreciation for your admission and inform you of my acceptance.
As is schedul ed,I will register on August 31st and begin my three-year study on September 2th. I promise I will punctually participate in courses and strictly conform to
school rul es. I will make every effort to prove myself to be an excell ent student.
Thank you again for offering me this wond erful opportunity, and if there is anything I need to prepare for my future study, pl ease let me know.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (113words)
13.咨询信（英语一&英语二通背）
Directions：
You are preparing for the graduate entrance examination, and you want to buy a relative book on the Internet. Write a letter to an online store, asking for some detailed information of the book.
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
As a student preparing for the graduate entrance examination in the coming January, I am writing to ask if you have the book named"Approaches to NETEM", complied by professor Li Yu and published by Beijing University Press in 2010.
If you have the book for sale, I'd like to mail order it. Please let me know whether I can pay for it by cash or credit card.
I'd appreciate it if you coul d send me the book at your earliest convenience by EMS to the following address:
Li Ming
Room 606 Stud ent Dormitory No. 6
Beijing University
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming (106words)
2.2 告示必背范文
Directions:
The school journal in your university is seeking contributions from all stud ents and staff about the government’s new energy development plan. Write a notice for contributions about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "The Editorial Board" instead.
范文：
Contributions Wanted
To call on the public’s concern on the government’s new energy development plan, the school journal has d ecid ed to publish a special issue on our great achievements in the energy sustainable d evelopment in the past decad e and on the further efforts in the coming years. Articl es, photos, memoirs and other writings related to this topic are invited. What should be noticed is that the authentic authority would be preferred.
Faculty members and stud ents are welcome to send in their contributions in whatever forms or styles to our office before the 30th instant. They may also send their writings and photos el ectronically to the foll owing address: gnedp@.
The Editorial Board (111words)
第二章大作文高分进阶
第一节2012话题必备
1.1真题频繁考查主题：
1.当代社会消极现象：养老问题（2005&空巢老人），（生态）环境问题（1999&2000&2011），
青少年教育问题（2003&2006），商业诚信问题（1998&食品安全），传统文化发扬与保护问题（2002&2010）等。

2.永恒价值积极品质：促进个人成功的成功品质（2004&2007&2008&选择正确的方向），
促进社会和谐的和谐品质（2001&无私奉献）。

3.英语二：经济相关图表，阐述现象并分析原因：手机用户增长（2010），中国汽车市场
份额（2011），电子商务的发展，老龄化问题，电影观众增多。

第二节最后必背范文（英语一）
1.无私奉献话题
What first appears into our eyes, from the picture, is a hand protruding from ruins, which is wound ed and bl eeding. Besides, the more striking feature of the drawing is a large number of hands put out from diversified persons, those from different races, countries and ages. Obviously,the hand bel ow is symbolized as people in danger, the hands above as others offering help to the former, just as the caption below the picture says: Unselfish contribution to others makes sure the reward when we are in need.
The last decad e witnessed an age when we were convinced that unselfish sacrifice was a valuable virtue passed down generation to generation and especially strengthened in the mod ern times. We cannot ignore the facts that the Liberation Army risked their lives in 1998 Flood Damage in ord er to rescue those floating on the ruthl ess water; that the volunteers in the Wenchuan Earthquake neglected any profits to save those in danger or wound ed in the disaster; and that the public d onated what the injured in Japanese Tsunami need ed most. The sameness reflected from the distinct events is the spirit of giving a hand to those in need. Without the noble quality, the worl d woul d be an indifferent place and our indifference woul d be paid back by others’ ignorance.
Hence, it is of great significance to appeal to the great public to pass down the valuable spirit of offering assistance without rewards by put the words into actions. We can never d eny the truth that he who helps others coul d never be helpl ess when he is at stake.
(263words)
2.成功方向问题
What first appears into our eyes, from the picture, is a pigeon, which is flying to the gol den medal hung in the tree; while a duck and a fish are aiming to the medals by swimming which are on the cliff and in the water separately. Below the cartoon is an expression saying: Everyone has their own manner of achieving success.
It can be deduced from the drawing that the young can achieve success by taking
a proper choices, rather than imitating others’route. Indeed, we shoul d say that the
pathway to success differs from person to person.Everybody is born with unique talent and amazing potential. Supposing that a pigeon wished to win the gol d medal in
the water, he woul d absolutely fail no matter how hard he tried. Likewise, if Liu Xiang, the worl d champion of hurdle race, buried his running tal ent and instead aimed to be a football player, he might probably be an average player.
As the ol d saying goes, “every dog has its day”. Thus we shoul d not d oubt the road to success lies at our feet. What we shoul d bear in mind is to believe in ourselves, choose a correct way and exercise our special tal ents to the utmost. Only by advancing al ong unique and suitable roads can we enjoy the ultimate success.
(219words)
3.食品安全问题
In the picture above is a man with a huge bowl in his hand. At first sight, what jumps into our eyes is a lot of food fulfilling the bowl, such as fish, tofu, egg and vegetables; but what surprises us is the clock-like warning, saying “UNSAFE”. The man holding the bowl also wonders: “What is secure to eat nowadays?”
From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message:food security has become one of the hottest issues drawing much more attention in the society. For one thing,food industry, directly bound up with the people’s livelihood, is booming with the advancement of the society. Unfortunately, what happens at the same time is that some businessmen, running business under the belief of making profits, seem to ignore the fundamental moral standards that security comes first and that the food industry should be managed with conscience. For another, people’s awareness of food safety has been aroused and been increasingly emphasized; however, the current situation that the food is of poor quality and even harmful accounts for the problem concerned, so that the effective and efficient measures should be adopted to reverse the grim situation.
Accordingly, the following countermeasure for improving the food security may be available. The relevant laws and regulations shoul d be established to severely punish those who openly violate the Food Safety Law and recklessly use the uncertain food additives. Only by doing so can we have safe food and sound future.
(249words)
4.空巢老人问题
What first appears into our eyes, from the picture, is an ol d lady, who is sitting in front of a mirror and talking to the one in it. What a bitter and sarcastic picture it is!
The number of the aging, like the lady in the picture, might be great, which has aroused wide concern in mod ern times. Below the cartoon is an expression saying: Should they be alone?
It goes without saying that the picture aims at revealing a serious and common problem in China: An increasing number of elderly people are left al one and need more care. The accelerated living pace with the more advanced society and industries has posed a negative influence on mod ern people’s relationship, especially that among family members. It is not news anymore that more and more young people in China opt to develop their career in big cities, like Beijing, Shanghai , Guangzhou, etc. As a result, the aging parents have to stay in hometown and withstand loneliness. However, practicing filial piety has always been a time-honored virtue cherished by Chinese peopl e generation by generation.
Hence, no matter how busy we are, the task of taking care of the ol d people shoul d
not be neglected. Besides, all the members in the society shoul d join our hands together in creating a favorabl e environment for the ol d people. Only by doing so can expect a better life for the aged.
(235words)
5.交通问题
What first appears into our eyes, from the picture, is a crowded road, where cars, trucks, buses and other vehicl es are stuck like a long train with l ots of carriages. What a real and sarcastic picture it is! Cars in big cities are too many to make a highway a real high way! Below the cartoon is an expression saying: Whether do cars make our life convenient or on the contrary?
It goes without saying that the picture aims at revealing a serious and common probl em in cities, especially in metropolises: At the same time when cars bring a great amount of convenience to our life, they also engender a great number of dilemmas for us human beings. On the one hand, a car can make us feel that cities are become smaller and smaller, and driving a car enabl es us to enjoy most of traveler’s pleasure. But on the other hand, too many cars may make us feel that the roads become much longer because careless accid ents and rude violation of traffic are found from time to time. Rush hours, in particular, usually drive the highways to the miserable places.
Generally speaking, cars have played a vital part in our modern life. What we should do instantly is to know exactly the traffic regulation and social moralities. Only in this way can we make the best of cars.
(228words)
第三节最后必背范文（英语二）
1.发展的电子商务
As can be seen from the above graph,money value of annual gl obal el ectronic commerce transactions is increasing gradually in the eight years. In 2001, the money value of the transactions is almost two billion U.S. dollars, whil e the number reaches
90 billion U.S. dollars in 2008, 45 times that of 2001. Obviously, the trend has been
pervasive and might last for the coming years.
Several factors may contribute to this phenomenon. First and foremost, the availability of computers is the major cause. The rapid development of computer technology enables everybody to have access to computer and the Internet. In the second place, the accelerated advancement of the Internet is becoming increasingly mature. Peopl e who at first do not trust business on line now become convinced that doing business on line is very convenient and effective. Last but not least,electronic commerce is the fastest way so far to make transactions across far distance. It makes it possible to d o business at home and it saves time wasted in the shopping malls.
Booming electronic commerce has been proved to be an irreversibl e fashion, and thus contributes to the prosperity of worl d economy. Hence, it coul d be expected that the trend towards a promising e-commerce is inevitabl e.
(206words)
2.老龄化问题
The future years will witness an increase in the number of senior citizens: from 140 million this year to 200 million in 2015, and ten to 400 million in 2050. It is ruled that a society will be defined as old when its aging population over the age of 60 reach 10% of the whole number. Consequently, this table shows that our society is stepping into the era of the so-call ed “aging society”.
The aging society will face many unfavorabl e results, although a majority of people are still ignorant of the probl ems it brings about. To begin with,an increasing number of senior citizens have been accompanied but the corresponding declining in the number of people active in the working force, which will pose a negative effect on the social and economic devel opment. Moreover, apart from the irreversible decaying of health, mental hazards on the part of the ol d people may constitute a more formidable problem. Last but not l east, aging poses an even greater threat to our country than to other industrialized nations because we are aging before we become rich.
Hence, the aging society calls for urgent countermeasures to battle the potential negative effects. Not only shoul d we young peopl e take care of the old people, but also the ol d peopl e themselves shoul d never stop pursuing whatever they view important in life. Only in this we can we ensure a better life for the aged.
3.电影观众人数增长
As can be seen from the above line graph,the number of movie-goers is increasing gradually in the ten years. In 2001,the movie-goers are almost 200 thousands in number, while it reaches 2 million U.S. dollars in 2010, ten times that of 2001. Obviously, the trend has been pervasive and might last for the coming years.
Several factors may contribute to this phenomenon. First and foremost, over the past decad e, seeing films has been getting increasingly popular and more and more people choose movies as a style of relaxing themselves in the quick-paced modern times. In the second place, the enhancement of film quality contributes mainly to the attraction of cinemas to the audience. Owing to the Open-up Policy, an increasing number of foreign and finely-mad e movies, especially the Hollywood-manufactured ones, are being imported, which bring enormous satisfaction to our eyes. Last but not least, the booming market of our domestic movies also makes the national people pleased and enjoyed, like those filmed by world-famous directors---Feng Xiaogang, Zhang Yimou, and so on. Al l these factors have led to the great rise in the number of film-goers.
Seeing films has been proved not only to be an irreversibl e fashion, but also
a favorable way to calm d own our nerves in the competitive and quick-paced times.
Hence, it coul d be expected that the trend towards a promising film industry is inevitable.
(232words)
第三章大作文主题词汇必备
1．孝（服从父母，尊敬父母，遵从祖先，赡养父母）filial piety (obedience to parents, respect for parents, honoring of ancestors, financial support of parents)
2．勤劳industry/industrious, working hard
3．容忍tolerance of others
4．随和harmony with others
5．谦虚humbleness/humble/modest/modesty
6．忠诚loyalty to / be loyal to
7．礼仪observation of rites and social rules
8．礼尚往来reciprocation of greetings, favors and gifts
9．仁爱（宽恕，人情）kindness(forgiveness, compassion)
10．学识（教育）knowledge(education)
11．团结solidarity with others
12．中庸moderation, following the middle way
13．修养self-cultivation
14．尊卑有序ordering relationship by status and observing the order
15．正义感sense of righteousness
16．恩威并施benevolent authority
17．不重竞争non-competitiveness
18．稳重personal steadiness and stability
19．廉洁resistance to corruption
20．爱国patriotism
21．诚恳sincerity
22．清高keeping oneself disinterested and pure
23．节俭thrift
24．耐力（毅力）persistence(perseverance)
25．耐心patience
26．报恩repayment of the good
27．文化优越感a sense of cultural superiority
28．适应环境adaptability
29．小心（谨慎）prudence(carefulness)
30．信用trustworthiness/honest and trust/ honest and credit/ honesty and trustful 31．知耻having a sense of shame
32．礼貌courtesy
33．安分守己contentedness with one’s position in life
34．保守being conservative/conservativeness
35．要面子prote cting one’s face
36．知己知交a close/ intimate friend
37．尊重传统respect for tradition
38．财富wealth/property/wealthy/prosperous
祝各位梦想成真！！。