GMAT(VERBAL)语法改错模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)

GMAT（VERBAL）语法改错模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 2.
1．At a recent session, the French government has decided that Paris needs a second, larger opera house to complement the famous Paris Opera.
A．has decided that Paris needs
B．decided that Paris needs
C．has decided that Paris will need
D．decided that Paris has a need ofE．has decided that Paris needed
正确答案：B
解析：由句首的表过去的时间状语at a recent session表明主句应该用一般过去时，A、D、E中用现在完成时，属时态混用，B比D简洁，用一个动词needs 代替了4个词has a need of，that从句用一般现在时表示客观事实。

知识模块：语法改错
2．Those with a cynical turn of mind might speculate if the new corporation, eager for pro-fit, might not have started the rumor that caused its competitor to declare bankruptcy.
A．speculate if the new corporation, eager for profit, might not have started
B．speculate if the new corporation, eager for profit, had not started
C．speculate if,in its eagerness for profit, the new corporation started
D．wonder as to whether, in its eagerness for profit, the new corporation did not startE．wonder whether the new corporation, eager for profit, had started
正确答案：E
解析：根据袁“是否”的名词性从句用whether而不用if引导的原则，排除A、B、C。

D在从句中加了not，刚好颠倒句意；C、D中的in its eagerness for proft 与E中的eager for profit相比，后者更简洁。

知识模块：语法改错
3．Constance Horner, chief of the United States government’s personnel agency, has recommended that the use of any dangerous or illegal drug in the five years prior to application for a job be grounds for not hiring an applicant.
A．the use of any dangerous or illegal drug in the five years prior to application for a job be grounds for not hiring an applicant
B．any dangerous or illegal drug, if used in the five years prior to applying for a job, should be grounds not to hire the applicant
C．an applicant’s use of any dangerous or illegal drug in the five years prior to application for a job be grounds not to hire them
D．an applicant’s use of any dangerous or illegal drug in the five years prior to applying for a job are grounds that they not be hiredE．for five years prior to applying
for a job, an applicant’s use of any dangerous or illegal drug be grounds for not hiring them
正确答案：A
解析：本句recommend之后要求跟带虚拟语气动词的宾语从句；B中should 是多余的；C、D、E中，an applicant与其后的they(them)在数上是不对应的，除此之外，B、C、D、E对句意的表达都不如A简洁明了。

知识模块：语法改错
4．Though the term “graphic design”may suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging work, from package designs and company logotypes to signs, book jackets, computer graphics, and film titles.
A．suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging
B．suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, it has come to signify a wide range of
C．suggest corporate brochures and annual report layout, it has signified widely ranging
D．have suggested corporate brochure and annual report layout, it has signified a wide range ofE．have suggested laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging
正确答案：B
解析：D、E中的have与单数主语the term主谓不一致的；同时A、E中的they指代错误，在此位置本应用it指代the term；C中，widely ranging work的表达是不符合习惯的，应该用B中的awide range of work，同时，B中has come to signify取代了C中的has signified，强调了“这是一个逐渐的过程，由原来较窄的范围逐渐扩大到一个更广的应用天地”。

知识模块：语法改错
5．Parliament did not accord full refugee benefits to twelve of the recent immigrants because it believed that to do it rewards them for entering the country illegally.
A．to do it rewards
B．doing it rewards
C．to do this would reward
D．doing so would rewardE．to do it would reward
正确答案：D
解析：公理中讲过，对前面动作的替代是用do so而不是do it，因此本题仅D符合此条件。

值得注意的是：D中用would，表明了一种虚拟语气，即“如果这样做将会鼓励非法偷渡。

”(暗示它并未做此事) 知识模块：语法改错
6．As business grows more complex, students majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly successful in the job
market.
A．majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly
B．who major in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are becoming more and more
C．who majored in specialized areas such as those of finance and marketing are being increasingly
D．who major in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming more and moreE．having majored in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are being increasingly
正确答案：B
解析：举例用such as而不用like，排除A、D；B中those of多余；同时，A、C、E中用increasingly修饰successful是不恰当的，不如用more and more更准确；C、E中用are being的表达是不能够接受的；E中现在分词的完成体是不可以作定语的(查阅分词一章)。

本句B中用现在进行时替代了A中的have been becoming的在完成进行时是准确的，因为本句并无任何一点线索暗示动作become是从过去某一时段开始并持续到现在，且有可能到将来；相反，时间状语只表示主句动作与从句动作是同时的，且是现在的动作。

知识模块：语法改错
7．Judicial rules in many states require that the identities of all prosecution witnesses are made known to defendants so they can attempt to rebut the testimony, but the Constitution explicitly requires only that the defendant have the opportunity to confront an accuser in court.
A．that the identities of all prosecution witnesses are made known to defendants so they can attempt to rebut
B．that the identities of all prosecution witnesses be made known to defendants so that they can attempt to rebut
C．that the defendants should know the identities of all prosecution witnesses so they can attempt a rebuttal of
D．the identities of all prosecution witnesses should be made known to defendants so they can attempt rebuttingE．making known to defendants the identities of all prosecution witnesses so that they can attempt to rebut
正确答案：B
解析：A、C、D中表目的状语的结构“so that”中仅有so，而缺that，会误认为是表结果的状语，D中宾语从句缺引导词that；E的表达不符合require的用法，A中的are和C中的shouldknow不符合动词原形的要求，C、D中attempt a rebuttal of或attempt rebutting不符合attempt之后要求跟动词不定式的用法。

知识模块：语法改错
8．The bank acknowledged that they are and will continue to experience difficulties as it attempts to deal with the precipitous fall of the dollar against the yen
and the dislocations reflected in the stock market decline.
A．they are and will continue to experience difficulties as it attempts
B．they are and will continue to experience difficulties as they attempt
C．it is and will continue to experience difficulties as it attempts
D．it is experiencing and will continue to experience difficulties as they make an attemptE．its difficulties are likely to continue as it attempts
正确答案：E
解析：A、B、D中they指代有误；应该是用it指代the bank；同时A、B、C的表达都易产生误解，让读者认为are(is)和will共用一行为动词continue，而这显然不可能；D中的make anattempt不如用动词attempt简洁；E中，continue 本身就是表示“一持续性动作”，而使用be likely tocontinue又暗示此动作会发生在将来，从而表达了“此动作会从现在一直持续到将来”的原意。

知识模块：语法改错
9．As sales of cars and light trucks made in North America were declining 13.6 percent in late February, many analysts conclude that evidence of a recovering automotive market remains slight
A．As sales of cars and light trucks made in North America were declining 13.6 percent in late February, many analysts conclude
B．Since sales of cars and light trucks made in North America declined 13.6 percent in late February, and many analysts conclude
C．With sales of cars and light trucks made in North America declining 13.6 percent in late February, with many analysts concluding
D．Because sales of cars and light trucks made in North America declined 13.6 percent in late February, many analysts concludedE．Because of sales of cars and light trucks made in North America declining 13.6 percent in late February, therefore, many analysts concluded
正确答案：D
解析：由时间状语in late Feburary，决定A中的状语从句的过去正在进行时态是有误的；B中，连词and多余；C中，逗号前后均为with引入的分词短语，句子结构不完整。

E中，therefore是多余的，因为在其前已有表原因的介词短语because of；同时，由because of引入的短语较复杂，且混有动名词结构的名词短语不能完整表明句意，正如我们在公理中所提到的那样，可排除E。

D中，主从均为过去时态，前后对应。

知识模块：语法改错
10．The new regulation mandate that a company allows their retiring employees who would otherwise lose group health care coverage to continue the same insurance at their own expense for specified period.
A．that a company allows their retiring employees who would otherwise lose group health care coverage to continue
B．companies to allow their retiring employees who would otherwise lose group health care coverage that they can continue
C．that a company allow its retiring employees who would otherwise lose group health care coverage to continue
D．companies allowing a retiring employees whose group health care coverage would otherwise be lost the continuation ofE．companies to allow a retiring employee whose group health care coverage would otherwise be lost the continuation of
正确答案：C
解析：mandate之后要求带使用虚拟语气的that从句；A中allows不是原形；同时，allow的用法是allow sb．to do sth．，而B、D、E中的用法都不符合此要求；同时D、E中用a retiringemployee，把原意本是泛指的范围缩小了。

知识模块：语法改错
11．The Senate approved immigration legislation that would grant permanent residency to millions of aliens currently residing here and if employers hired illegal aliens they would be penalized.
A．if employers hired illegal aliens they would be penalized
B．hiring illegal aliens would be a penalty for employers
C．penalize employers who hire illegal aliens
D．penalizing employers hiring illegal aliensE．employers to be penalized for hiring illegal aliens
正确答案：C
解析：由于and的存在，D、E的表达找不到与之相平行的部分；A、B两种表达都是复杂的，同时，把A、B代回原句，该划线部分与legislation的关系是不明确的，而其所充当的成分也是不清楚的；C表明penalize与grant并列，作为先行词legislation的定语从句中谓语的一个组成部分。

知识模块：语法改错
12．Many writers of modern English have acquired careless habits that damage the clarity of their prose, but these habits can be broken if they are willing to take the necessary trouble.
A．but these habits can be broken
B．but these habits are breakable
C．but they can break their habits
D．which can be brokenE．except that can be broken
正确答案：C
解析：D、E的结构代入句中是理解不通的。

根据主动优先于被动原则，选C；B中划线部分的表达与其后的条件状语的关系是不紧密的，逻辑关系模糊。

知识模块：语法改错
13．One of every two new businesses fail within two years.
A．fail
B．fails
C．should fail
D．may have failedE．has failed
正确答案：B
解析：本句的内容是描述一个统计数据，居于客观规律范畴，应该用一般现在时，而主语one of two new businesses是单数，只能选B。

知识模块：语法改错
14．People have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget them every time a new source of cheap energy is developed.
A．have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but will forget
B．have discovered the principles of solar energy whenever fuel has become scarce and expensive but they forget
C．discovered the principles of solar energy every time fuel becomes scarce and expensive, forgetting
D．discover the principles of solar energy every time fuel became scarce and expensive, but they forgetE．discover the principles of solar energy whenever fuel becomes scarce and expensive but forget
正确答案：E
解析：本句的内容是表述人类的一种普遍心理现象，主从句均使用一般现在时是最佳的，A、B、C、D中，或主句或从句中的时态都不恰当，C中还用for getting 分词形式，句意不通。

知识模块：语法改错
15．Although the manager agreed to a more flexible work schedule, he said that it must be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor will know what everyone is assigned to do.
A．he said that it must be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor will know what everyone is
B．he said it had to be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor knows what everyone is
C．he said that they would have to post the assignments on the bulletin board so that management and labor knew what everyone was
D．he said that the schedule would have to be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor would know what everyone wasE．saying that the schedule had to be posted on the bulletin board so that both mana, gement and labor would know what everyone had been
正确答案：A
解析：E中用saying+that从句使得整个句子不完整，缺少主句成分；C中有一致命错误：they的指代找不到指代对象。

B中有两个缺陷：(1)宾语从句中的连词that被省略了，这是不妥的。

(2)that从句中的谓语形式had to与其后的knows
和is是不协调的；(3)暂时放一下。

A、D之间选择，绝大多数人都会选择D，因为A中that从句的时态与主句中谓语动词said的时态不对应。

但该理由仅是站在时态的角度上却忽略了对句意的考虑。

①我们知道must和have to的区别在于，前者表示是一种“主观上的必需”，而后者指“客观上的要求必需”。

再回到句子中，我们不难看出。

此处的“必需”必须用must来表达，因为让步状语从句的语气已明白地暗示“此必需”是themanager的一种情感流露，是出于其主观情感上的“必需”，用have to替代不妥。

②must无过去式，通常在表示过去时，用had to替换，说到此处，你会说，D选项不正好符合此要求吗?但这里还有一条鲜为人知的原则。

③在宾语从句中，must可用原形，无需用had to替代。

由这三点的结合，我们可以知道B中的第三个缺陷，即had to的使用不妥；同时还可确认答案为A，目的状语从句中的will know和is与must的形式相对应。

又如：I told him that he must make a decision．知识模块：语法改错
16．In the last ten years, the dropout rate among Black high school students fell substantially over the past decade, while the number of Blacks who attend college is more than twice what it was.
A．fell substantially over the past decade, while the number of Blacks who attend college is more than twice what it was
B．fell substantially, while the number of Blacks attending college is more than double what it was at that time
C．has fallen substantially, while the number of Blacks attending college has more than doubled
D．has fallen substantially over the past decade, while the number of Blacks attending college is more than twice what it was at that timeE．has fallen substantially over the past decade, while the number of Blacks who are attending college are more than double what they were
正确答案：C
解析：由句首的时间状语in the last ten years，决定了主从句的时态都应用现在完成时，由此排除A、B、D。

E中substantially之后的over时间短语与句首的in时间状语是重复表达。

同时，D中is more than twice what it was的表达不好。

C中，more than double简洁。

E中double之后跟宾语的用法是错误的，因为double 是不及物动词(可查阅”比较”中相关内容)。

知识模块：语法改错
17．Most state constitutions now mandate that the state budget be balanced each year.
A．mandate that the state budget be balanced
B．mandate the state budget to be balanced
C．mandate that the state budget will be balanced
D．have a mandate for a balanced state budgetE．have a mandate to balance the state budget
正确答案：A
解析：一般mandate之后跟that从句，且此宾语从句曾是含有虚拟语气的动
词原形；B、C都不符合此要求；D、E中用have a mandate的用法不如用一个动词mandate来得简洁。

知识模块：语法改错
18．Native American burial sites dating back 5,000 years indicate that the residents of Maine at that time were part of a widespread culture of Algonquian-speaking people.
A．were part of a widespread culture of Algonquian-speaking people
B．had been part of a widespread culture of people who were Algonquain-speaking
C．were people who were part of a widespread culture that was Algoquain-speaking
D．had been people who were part of a widespread culture that was Algoquain-speakingE．were a people which had been part of widespread, Algoquain-speaking culture
正确答案：A
解析：由主句的现在时态，可判断从句用一般过去时态即可。

B、D中的had been是毫无根据的。

C、E中，表达不仅复杂、啰嗦，同时还存在逻辑错误。

C 中，culture与其表语Algonquian-speaking逻辑搭配不通；E中，were与had been 表明了动作发生的先后顺序，但此先后顺序让人不可理解，歪曲了句意。

知识模块：语法改错
19．According to a study published by Dr. Myma Weissman, only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four.
A．only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four
B．only one percent of Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five; if they are born since 1955, six percent become depressed by age twenty-four
C．of Americans born before 1905, only one percent of them have suffered major depression by age seventy-five, but six percent of those born since 1955 do by the age of twenty-four
D．major depression is suffered by the age of seventy-five by only one percent of Americans born before 1905, and by age twenty-four by the six percent born since 1955E．Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five only one percent of the time, but six percent of those born since 1955 did so by age twenty-four
正确答案：A
解析：由两个by时间短语，就可确定其对应修饰的动词均应用过去完成时，前面已提到，含by时间短语的句子要么用过去完成时，要么用一般将来时，此
时，两个时间短语均为说话之前的时间，因而就只能用过去完成时。

由此判定，仅A符合此要求，而B、C、D、E中的时态都是极其混乱的。

知识模块：语法改错
20．It is possible that Native Americans originally have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed between Siberia and Alaska.
A．have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed
B．were migrating to Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that existed once C．migrated over a bridge of land to Western Hemisphere that once existed
D．migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existedE．were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land existing once
正确答案：D
解析：由句意判断，that从句中migrate是发生在过去的事，A中用现在完成时和B、E中的过去进行时都是没有任何时间依据的。

由句末的未划线部分between短语的位置可断定C错D对，因为between短语修饰a bridge of land，正如D所表达的，而不是修饰the western Hemisphere。

C的表达恰好导致了这种修饰关系的错位。

知识模块：语法改错
21．For some birds the sense of smell appears to play a role in navigation, since pigeons with surgically removed olfactory nerves were found to have increased difficulties in homing.
A．were found to have increased difficulties
B．have been found to have increased difficulty
C．were found to have increasing difficulty
D．had been found to have increased difficultiesE．have been found to have increasing difficulties
正确答案：B
解析：A、C、D中过去时或过去完成时与主句的一般现在时态是不对应的。

句子的前后是因果关系(由since引导的原因从句)，但当把过去时或过去完成时代入句中，就会发现前后的因果关系很模糊，甚至不存在。

Why?因为过去的时态仅表明过去此发现是客观的，并不表明这种发现至今仍客观存在。

因此主句所下的论断appears to play a role in navigation就是缺乏事实根据的。

B、E中用现在完成时使得前后时态一致，逻辑关系准确。

而此处，difficulties的增加是由于被去掉嗅觉系统后造成的，因而increase是被动动作，而非主动动作，所以选B。

还记得我们在第一章第一个例子时说的：在选择用increased还是increasing作限定词，必定是increased正确。

知识模块：语法改错
22．A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lake.
A．reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump
B．reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping
C．reduces the phosphate amount municipalities have been allowed to dump
D．reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dumpE．reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities
正确答案：A
解析：B、C中phosphate amount的用法不对。

B中的had been doing的时态与句意不符。

D中，从句中的一般现在时与主句的过去时不一致。

C、E中，reduces 与A 1972 agreement所暗示的时间状语不一致，且E中的allow for意为“考虑到”，改变句意。

知识模块：语法改错
23．Since 1986 when the Department of Labor began to allow investment officers’ fees to be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations began paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.
A．allow investment officers’ fees to be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations began
B．investment officers’ fees to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations began
C．that fees of investment officers be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations have begun
D．fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations have begunE．that investment officers’ fees be based on the performance of the funds they manage, several corporations began
正确答案：D
解析：由句首的since时间状语，决定了主句应用现在完成时，排除A、B、E。

在“allow+that从句”的结构中，allow的含义是“承认”，与本句句意不符，因而可排除C。

D中，符合allow sb．(sth．)to do sth．的用法，同时用短语the performance of the funds替换了C中的宾语从句how the funds they manage perform不仅简洁，且避免了逻辑搭配不妥，语意含糊的缺陷。

知识模块：语法改错
24．In Egypt in the late Paleolithic period, the climate changed, pastures became deserts, and the inhabitants were forced to withdraw to the land bordering the Nile from their hunting grounds.
A．Inhabitants were forced to withdraw to the land bordering the Nile form their hunting grounds
B．Inhabitants had been forced to withdraw from their hunting grounds to the land that bordered the Nile
C．Inhabitants were forced to withdraw from their hunting grounds to the land bordering the Nile
D．Inhabitants having been forced to withdraw from their hunting grounds to the land that bordered the NileE．Inhabitants withdrew, because they were forced to, from their hunting grounds to the land bordering the Nile
正确答案：C
解析：A中用“to…from”结构，颠倒了“from…to”的结构，错。

B中用过去完成时无依据。

D、E中的表达复杂，既不符合平行结构要求(与前两个分句是并列关系)又不符合语法规则。

选C。

知识模块：语法改错
25．During the Great Depression, industrial output fell by nearly fifty percent from its peak in 1929 down to its nadir in 1933.
A．During the Great Depression, industrial output fell by nearly fifty percent from its peak in 1929 down to its nadir in 1933
B．During the Great Depression, industrial output fell by nearly fifty percent from its peak in 1929 to its nadir in 1933
C．At the time of the Great Depression, industrial output fell by almost fifty percent from its 1929 peak down to its 1933 nadir
D．At the time of the Great Depression, industrial output fell from its peak in 1929, by nearly fifty percent, to its nadir in 1933E．During the Great Depression, industrial output fell from its peak in 1929 to its nadir in 1933 by nearly fifty percent
正确答案：B
解析：A、C中，down to的使用是错误的，C、D中at the time of the Great Depression不如During the Great Depression简洁。

同时D中by nearly fifty percent 以插入成分形式，改变了句子的重心。

B、E比较，E的缺陷在于fell的方式状语by nearly fifty percent离其所修饰的对象fell太远，没有B的表达清楚准确。

知识模块：语法改错。