2019-2020年高考英语句型句式专题汇总[共39页]

2019-2020年高考英语句型句式专题汇总[共39页]（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。

（说明事实）
The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。

（说明看法）
这里我们侧重讲述否定句
一.概念
否定句指否定陈述句的句子.
二.相关知识点精讲
1.用not构成的否定句：主语+助动词/ be+not+…
例句：
He is not back yet.
It is not true.
We haven’t forgotten you.
You shouldn’t be so silly.
We haven’t been invited yet.
He won’t go, but they will.
Money could not buy happiness.
I like the salad, but I don’t like this soup.
He wants a gir l friend, but he doesn’t want to get married.
You didn’t understand what I said, did you ?
You needn’t try to explain.
I didn’t use to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.
I usedn’t to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.
2.祈使句的否定句：Don’t+动词原形…。

例句：
Don’t worry. I’ll look after you.
Don’t believe a word he says.
Don’t be so rude.
3. 非谓语动词（不定式，分词，动名词）的否定式：把not放在to do; doing; 的前面。

It’s important not to worry.
He said he deeply regretted not being able to help.
Not knowing what to do, Shelly asked advice of her friend.
He reproached me for not having told it to him.
4. not与除谓语以外的其他句子成分连用：
e early, but not before six.
It’s working, but not properly.
I believe he will succeed, though not without some difficulty.
not用在I hope; I believe; I’m afraid; I guess; I suppose; I expect之后，构成省略句。

—Will it snow today ?
—I hope not.
5. 用no构成否定句：no+名词（单，复数，不可数）相当于not+ a +名词/ not + any +名词
No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.
The nations of Europe and America have found that no country can produce all its needs without trading.
Take that towel, I have no other.
I can walk no farther.
There is no knowing what will happen.
6. 某些否定副词或代词：seldom; never; hardly; rarely; little; few; none; nowhere; neither等在句中构成否定句：
I can seldom find time for reading.
Mirror tells only the facts, never the poetry.
The rumor came from nowhere.
None but fools have ever believed it.
7. 否定转移：当think; believe; suppose; imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，把从句中的not提到主句这些动词前面，是主句变成否定句：
I don’t think she’s at home, but I’ll go and see.
I don’t imagine that he’ll enjoy it.
8. 否定式疑问句：
Doesn’t she understand ?
Haven’t you booked your holiday yet ?
部分否定：
注意部分否定的结构：
Not all…=All…not…
Not both…=Both…not…
Not every…=Every…not…
I don’t remember all the names.
All is not gold that glitters.
It is not found everywhere.
Not everyone likes this film.
9. 用否定形式表示肯定的意义：
注意这些句型：
cannot…too.. / cannot… more: 越…就越好；再…不过了。

You cannot be too careful.
A man can never have too many friends.
三.巩固练习
1. —Such a sudden turn in the road is too difficult for the new driver, isn’t it ?—_____. He’s dealt with all kinds of troublesome situations before.
A. No, it isn’t
B. Yes, it is
C. No, he isn’t
D. Yes, he is
2. —Aren’t you feeling tired ?
—______, I am rather.
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not at all
D. Never
3. —She i sn’t a dancing teacher, is she ?
—______.
A. Yes, she isn’t
B. No, she is
C. Yes, she wasn’t
D. No, but she was.
4. —Will you go shopping with us this afternoon ?
—_____but I’ve got quite a lot of homework to do.
A. of course
B. I’d like to
C. That’s all right
D. No, I won’t
5. —If our parents would listen more to us, they would understand us better. —_____. They just expect us to listen.
A. I believe not
B. No problem
C. Good idea
D. I can’t agree more
6. —Did you enjoy the trip ?
—I’m afraid not. And _____.
A. my classmates can’t either.
B. my classmates don’t too.
C. neither do my classmates
D. neither did my classmates
7. Try to retell the story in your own words. ______ afraid to make mistakes.
A. Not to be
B. Don’t
C. No be
D. Don’t be
四.答案
AADBD DD
2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。

有以下四种：
a.一般疑问句（General Questions）：
Can you finish the work in time?
你能按时完成工作吗？
b.特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）：
Where do you live?你住那儿？
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？
c.选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：
Do you want tea or coffee?
你是要茶还是要咖啡？
d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：
这里我们测重讲解反意疑问句
1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3)陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8)陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9)陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12)陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18)陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20)must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语疑问部分
I aren't I？
Wish may +主语？
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly,肯定含义
rarely, little等否定含义的词
ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或usedn't +主语
had better + v.hadn't you
would rather + v.wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v.wouldn't +主语
must根据实际情况而定
感叹句中be +主语
Ne ither…nor,
either…or 连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that,主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语？
dare, need 为实义动词do +主语？
省去主语的祈使句will you？
Let's 开头的祈使句Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句Will you?
there be相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式
must表"推测"根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
注意：怎样回答反意疑问句？
It's very cold today, isn't it? 你该怎么回答呢？首先，我们来回顾一下怎样回答一般疑问句。

Are you on-line now?(你在上网吗？)当然啦，你的回答应该是肯定的。

否则就不会看到这篇文章了。

回答应该是：Yes, I am.
你正在看电视吗？Are you watching TV now? 肯定没有啦，你就应该说：No, I'm not.现在你可以总结出来，该怎么回答一般疑问句了吧？！对，就是根据实际情况回答，Yes, I do. 或者No, I don't.
反意疑问句的回答法跟一般疑问句的回答方式完全一样。

例如：
She is good at English, isn't she?
回答可以是：Yes, she is. 或者No, she isn't. 注意，回答一定要和实际情况相符合，“是”就“是”，“不是”就“不是”。

也就是说回答反意疑问句要遵循“实事求是”的原则，肯定的答案就用yes＋肯定结构；否定的答案就用no＋否定结构。

答案要和实际情况相符。

那怎样回答There is a puter in your room, isn't there? 这个句子呢？你房间里确实有台电脑，那么回答就是：Yes, there is. 不过，我们现在只练习了一种反意疑问句，即：前一部分为肯定式，后一部分是否定式。

反意疑问句还有一种形式，就是：前一部分是否定式，后一部分是肯定式。

There isn't a puter in your room, is there?“你的房间里没有电脑，对吗？”你该怎么回答呢？
根据中国人的思维，反应在你脑海中的肯定是，“不对，我房间里有电脑。

” 便顺口回答道：No, there is. 这样，可就大错特错了。

因为你违背了“事实求是”的原则：肯定的答案就用yes＋肯定结构；否定的答案就用no＋否定结构。

所以刚刚那句话的回答应该是：Yes, there is.
总之，回答反意疑问句就得记住一点：实事求是。

记住了？不管是做人还是回答反意疑问句都是一样的。

OK. You don't have any questions, do you? 你怎么回答呢？希望是--No, I don't.
三.巩固练习
1. It’s a fine day, Let’s go fishing, _____?
A. won’t we
B. will we
C. don’t we
D. shall we
2. Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week he’s had to study late, ____?
A. isn’t he
B. hasn’t it
C. hasn’t he
D. isn’t it
3. —Daddy’s forgot to post the letter again, ____?
—I’m afraid he ___.
A. has; has
B. isn’t; is
C. hasn’t; has
D. has; hasn’t
4. —Sorry, I’m not feeling well and I don’t think I can finish.
—Don’t worry. Let us do it for you , ____?
A. will you
B. shall we
C. shan’t we
D. shall you
5. I don’t think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, ____?
A. do I
B. could he
C. did he
D. has he
6. —The ground is wet.
—It must have rained last night,____ ?
A. hasn’t it
B. didn’t it
C. mustn’t it
D. isn’t it
7. —Jenny doesn’t think that Robert is honest, ___?
—I’m afraid not.
A. is he
B. isn’t he
C. does she
D. doesn’t she
8. —The new windows need washing.
—Well, let’s wash them together, ____?
A. shall we
B. will you
C. should we
D. would you
9. There is little we can do about it, ____?
A. is there
B. can’t we
C. isn’t there
D. can we
10. —The problem was n’t difficult for him, was it ?
—______. He should have been given a more difficult one.
A. No, it was
B. Yes, it was
C. Yes, it wasn’t
D. No, it wasn’t
四.答案
DDCAC BCAAD
3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：
一.概念
祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。

二.相关知识点精讲
1.祈使句有三种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，（但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子）。

例如：
Take this seat. 坐这儿。

Do be careful. 务必小心。

否定结构：例如：
Don't move. 不准动。

Don't be late. 不要迟到。

2.以let开头的祈使句
Let 的反意疑问句：
a. Let's 包括说话者。

例如：
Let's have another try, shall we / shan't we? = Shall we have another try? 我们再试一次，如何？
b. Let us 不包括说话者。

例如：
Let us have another try，will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try? 你让我们再试一次，好吗？
否定结构：例如：
Let's not talk of that matter. 不要谈这件事。

Let us not talk of that matter. 你不要让我们谈这件事。

3.有主语的祈使句
xx年高考英语试卷上有这样一道单项填空题:
-Sorry, Joe. I didn't mean to...
-Don't call me "Joe". I'm Mr Parker to you, and ________ you forget it!
A. do
B. didn't
C. did
D. don't
-对不起,乔。

我不是故意要……
-不要叫我"乔",叫我帕克先生,你别忘记了。

答语的后半句是一个祈使句,表示警告对方,要以don't开头,故正确答案是D。

这道题的正确答案是D。

该题主要考查有主语的祈使句的用法。

我们知道,祈使句的主语通常就是说话的对方,即第二人称you,一般不表示出来,但在有些情况下,祈使句也可带主语。

一、为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令时。

例如:
You go with me. 你跟我去。

You tell him what I said. 你把我说的话告诉他。

You take that seat. 你坐在那个座位上。

二、表达"气愤;不满;厌烦;急躁"等情绪时。

例如:
You get out of here!你给我滚出这儿!
You mind your own business!你少管闲事!
You take your hands off me!你把手拿开,别碰我!
三、表示对照或区别不同的说话对象时。

例如:
Helen, you clean the window, and Paul, you sweep the floor. 海伦,你擦窗子;保罗,你扫地。

You e here, Jack, and you go there, Mary. 杰克你到这边来,玛丽你到那边去。

You ask the first question and I ask the second one. 你问第一个问题,我问第二个问题。

四、当祈使句中有in, out, away, up, off等作状语的副词,强调这些状语而把它们置于句首时。

例如:
Out you e!你出来!
Away you go!你走吧!
Up you stand!你站起来!
五、祈使句以don't开头,表示关照或警告对方时。

例如:
Don't you be late again. 你别再迟到了。

Don't you ever forget this lesson! 你一定不要忘记了这次教训!
六、祈使句的主语也可以是第三人称。

例如:
Everybody stand up!大家都站起来!
Jack stand there. 杰克站到那边去。

Someone open the door. 谁去把门打开。

4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：What good news it is!多好的消息啊！
感叹句
一.概念
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情
二. 相关知识点精讲
1.How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。

例如：How clever a boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子！
2.How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。

例如：How lovely the baby is! 小毛头真可爱！
3.What +名词+陈述语序。

例如：What noise they are making! 他们真吵！
4.What +a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。

例如：What a clever boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子！
5.What+ 形容词+复数名词+陈述语序。

例如：What wonderful ideas （we have）! 我们的主意真棒！
6.What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序。

例如：What cold weather it is! 多冷的天！
7.What a clever boy he is!的省略形式为：What a clever boy!
典型例题
1）___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice
B. What a nice
C. How nice
D. What nice
答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。

且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。

C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)
2）___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
答案A. weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。

C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。

只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。

3) --- _____ I had!
--- You really suffered a lot.
A. What a time
B. What time
C. How a time
D. how time
答案A.感叹句分两类：
1：What + n.+主谓部分
2：How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。

本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。

（二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：
1）简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：
She is fond of collecting stamps.她喜欢集邮。

(主)(谓)
2）并列句（pound Sentences）：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接，例如：
The food was good, but he had little appetite.
(主)(谓)(主)(谓)
食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。

简单句和并列句
一.概念
(一)简单句
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+ 谓语。

(二)并列句
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。

其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or
二.相关知识点精讲
(一)简单句
五种基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：
1）主+ 动（SV）例如：
I work. 我工作。

2）主+ 动+ 表（SVP）例如：
John is busy. 约翰忙。

3）主+ 动+ 宾（SVO）例如：
She studies English. 她学英语。

4）主+ 动+ 宾+ 补（SVOC）例如：
Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。

5）主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾（SVOiOd）例如：
My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。

(二)并列句
并列句分为:联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句
联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接
如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.
转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接
如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…,等连接
如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police
因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接.
如: it was late, so we went home.
在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉.
如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.
because和so; although, though和but 不能连用
三.巩固练习
1. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,＿＿＿?
A. do I
B. don’t I
C. will they
D. won’t they
2. ＿＿＿help if you can,and our country will improve
more quickly and better.
A. Giving
B. Give
C. Given
D. To give
3. —— Lucy,you wash the dishes,＿＿＿?
——Mom,can’t Lily do it? It’s her turn to do it.
A. don’t you
B. can you
C. shall you
D. will you
4. —— I will not take an umbrella with me today.
—＿＿＿＿＿it rains later on in the day?
A. How
B. What
C. How about
D. What if
5. —— You ought to stay up late tonight,＿＿＿＿you?
——Yes. I’ve got too much homework.
A. can’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. won’t
6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul,＿＿＿＿?
A. can it
B. can’t it
C. can they
D. can’t they
7. There used to be a church in the small town,＿＿＿＿＿?
A. used there
B. usedn’t there
C. used it
D. usedn’t it
8. ——She isn’t your neighbour, is s he?
——＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. Yes,she isn’t
B. No,she is
C. Yes,she is
D. No,isn’t she
9. ——＿＿＿＿＿＿to be a PLA soldier when I was young.
—— And now you are.
A. How I wanted
B. How did I want
C. What I wanted
D. What did I want
10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,＿＿＿＿was very reasonable.
A. which price
B. the price of which
C. its price
D. the price of that
11. After ten years,she changed a lot and looked different from＿＿＿she used to be.
A. that
B. whom
C. what
D. who
12. ＿＿＿＿is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
13. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation＿＿＿he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where
B. which
C. while
D. why
14. Information has been put forward＿＿＿more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
15. What the doctors really doubt is＿＿＿＿my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when
B. how
C. whether
D. what
16. The students of the music school study ＿＿＿＿.
A. music but also some other subjects
B. some other subjects as well as music
C. music as well as some other subjects
D. some other subjects and music
17. ＿＿＿air is to man,so is water to fish.
A. Since
B. Just
C. Like
D. As
18. There is plenty of rain in the south ＿＿there is little in the north.
A. while
B. as
C. when
D. so
19. ＿＿＿several times about it,but he could not give the correct answer.
A. Being asked
B. Having been asked
C. He would ask
D. He had been asked
20. ——I don’t like chicken ＿＿＿fish.
——I don’t like chicken,＿＿＿I like fish very much.
A. and；and
B. and；but
C. or；but
D. or；and
21. ＿＿＿the days went on,the situation there got worse.
A. With
B. Since
C. While
D. As
22. ＿＿＿everybody is here,let’s set out right away.
A. Now that
B. Because
C. For
D. After
23. The science of medicine,＿＿＿progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.
A. to which
B. in which
C. which
D. with which
24. We must do the experiment carefully ＿＿＿Miss Liu told us.
A. what
B. since
C. as
D. while
25. Tony will never forget these days ＿＿＿she lived in China with her mother,＿＿＿has a great effect on her life.
A. that；which
B. when；which
C. which；that
D. when；that
26. ＿＿＿I know,they will go to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games in xx.
A. Since
B. So far as
C. In case
D. As if
27. Who do you think the doctor will have＿＿＿first,John or Kate?
A. examine
B. to examine
C. examining
D. examined
28. —— What are you anxious about?
——＿＿＿＿＿.
A. Whether we can succeed
B. If we succeed
C. Do we succeed
D. That we can succeed
29. You should put the dictionary ＿＿＿you can find it easily.
A. where
B. the place
C. the place on which
D. what
30. She said to me,“I’ll tell you the result of the test＿＿＿I know it. ”
A. because
B. the moment
C. after
D. though
31. Grandpa used to tell us something about the “Cultural Revolution” ＿＿＿he had time to spare.
A. as soon as
B. as
C. so that
D. whenever
32. Li Fang is very busy,＿＿＿she’s always helping others with their lessons.
A. but
B. although
C. so
D. for
33. Getting a right job can be difficult ＿＿＿the students＿＿＿prepared to deal with the job interview.
A. if；won’t
B. unless；will
C. unless；are
D. if；are
34. Everything depends on＿＿they will support you about it.
A. if
B. which
C. whether
D. that
35. She won the first prize in the speech contest and＿＿＿surprised us.
A. which
B. it
C. as
D. who
36. The Oscar is one of the film prizes ＿＿offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.
A. which is not
B. that have not been
C. that has not
D. that has not been
37. He made another wonderful discovery,＿＿＿of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. which I think it is
C. which I think it
D. I think is
38. It’s really very dangerous. One more step,＿＿＿the baby will fall into the well.
A. or
B. so
C. but
D. and
39. She is American,＿＿＿she knows little about American history.
A. so
B. yet
C. and
D. therefore
40. Information technology is taught in most schools,＿＿＿we have entered the information society.
A. so
B. while
C. still
D. for
41. —— Helen must obey her parents.
—— Oh,she must,＿＿?
A. must she
B. mustn’t she
C. shouldn’t she
D. should she
42. John must be in the chemistry lab,＿＿＿?
A. mustn’t he
B. needn’t he
C. isn’t he
D. shouldn’t he
43. It was quite a long time＿＿＿I made it out what had happened.
A. after
B. before
C. when
D. since
44. ＿＿the text a second time,the meaning will bee clearer to you.
A. Read
B. Reading
C. If reading
D. When you read
45. ＿＿＿does he do his work well,＿＿＿he helps others with their work.
A. Not only；but also
B. Neither；nor
C. Either；or
D. Both；and
46. ＿＿,so he didn’t e to school last week.
A. Though he was ill
B. Being ill
C. Having been ill
D. He was ill
47. She tried every way ＿＿＿she could find to solve the problem.
A. how
B. in which
C. that
D. which
48. Lily has some idea ＿＿＿she’s going to be when she grows up.
A. what
B. that
C. as
D. which
49. To play fair is as important as ＿＿＿＿,I think.
A. to play well
B. play well
C. we play well
D. playing well
50. ＿＿＿you go,you should bear the motherland in mind.
A. Where
B. Whenever
C. However
D. Wherever
四.答案
1-10CBDDBABCAB 11-20CBABCBDADC
21-30DABCBBDAAB 31-40DACCBBADBD 41-50ACBDADCAAD
3）复合句（plex Sentences）：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词或关系代词引导，例如：
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。

（名词性从句）
A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much.一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。

（定语从句）
The film had begun when we got to the cinema.（状语从句）
主句从句
我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。

（三）倒装
1 全部倒装是将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。

此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, e, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman.-
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Here he es.Away they went.
2 部分倒装将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。

如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

句首为否定或半否定词语，no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 主句倒装，从句不倒装。

注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。

I have never seen such a performance. 典型例题
1)----Why can't I smoke here?----At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted
B.smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted
D.does smoking permit
答案A. 正常语序是Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know
B. man know
C. didn't man know
D. did man know
答案D.正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th.
3 以否定词开头作部分倒装
如Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began
B.has the game begun
C. did the game begin
D.had the game
begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。

如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。

Not only you but also I am fond of music.
4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you won't go, neither will I. 典型例题
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither
D. I don't care also
答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。

A错在用don't 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。

D缺乏连词。

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。

意为"的确如此"。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard.---So it is.
5 only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he e to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
6 as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

注意：1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。

如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though 和yet 可连用。

7 其他部分倒装
1)so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.
3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

Were I you, I would try it again. 典型例题：
1）Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know
B. man knew
C. didn't man know
D. did man know
答案为D.
2）Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize
B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize
D. I realize
答案为B。

3)----Do you know Tom bought a new car?----I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither
D. I don't care also
解析：答案为B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。

由so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。

其中, so用于肯定句, 而neither, nor 用在否定句中。

（四）独立主格结构
一）独立主格结构的构成：
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；
名词(代词)+形容词；
名词(代词)+副词；
名词(代词)+不定式；
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。

二）独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：
The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home.
工作完成后，我们才回家。

The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。

三）With的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。

with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
举例: He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raise.
典型例题
The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。

A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。

当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。

由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：
当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。

但with 的复合结构不受此限制
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
( hand前不能加his)。

2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。