高中一轮复习英语北师大版课件语法专项专题七定语从句
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3．(2013·浙江高考改编)The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were worn out.
4．(2018·青岛模拟)Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.
[注意事项] 1．当关系代词作宾语，前面又没有介词时，whom可以改为
who，也可以省略。
The girl (who/whom) he invited may be his girlfriend. 他邀请的那个女孩可能是他的女朋友。
2．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名
词＋of
关系副词的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
1．(2015·北京高考改编)Opposite is St. Paul's Church, where you can hear some lovely music.
2．(2014·江苏高考改编)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.
——规则点拨
“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法 1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用
which(指物)或whom(指人)，即：介词＋which/whom。不能 用that和who。 This is the teacher from whom we've learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学到了很多东西的那位老师。
which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of
whom”。
The classroom, whose door is broken, will soon be repaired. →The classroom, the door of which is broken, will soon be
repaired. 那间门坏了的教室很快就会被修理。
3．关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词＋关系代词”引导的从句替 换。 The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝邀请的原因不明。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1．The “Golden Rule” says people should treat others the way
二、关系代词和关系副词的辨析方法
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、谓语、宾语、定 语、状语)能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 This is the museum where we saw the famous painting.(引导词 在从句中作状语) 这就是我们看到那幅名画的博物馆。 This is the museum which we visited last summer.(引导词在从句 中作宾语) 这就是我们去年夏天去的那个博物馆。
sweet memories warmed my heart. 3．It is the family photo hanging on the wall that always reminds
me that family is the place that/which I should try my best to take care of. 4．Take an active part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning. 5．The students and things that you spoke of are known to us.
3．先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。 The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
4．关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时，通常只用that，不用 which。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的样子了。
reflected my interest. 5．(2016·北京高考改编)I live next door to a couple whose
children often make a lot of noise.
——规则点拨
一、关系代词的用法分类
从句
用于限制性
用于限制性和非限制性定语从句
关系代词
专题七 定语从句
语法 要点 讲 练 悟通
关系代词的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows
along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ改编)Around me in the picture are the things
——规则点拨
一、关系副词的分类 1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 我仍然记得我第一次到这个学校的那一天。 2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。 3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
定语从句
格
指人
指物
指人又指物
主格词
who
which
that
宾格词
who/whom
属格词
whose/ of whom
whose/ of which
whose
二、关系代词的用法与分类依据 1．根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性； 2．根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物； 3．根据它在从句中所充当的成分——主语、宾语或定语。
grow up in influence the basic processes by which we see the
world around us.
4．(2016·6月浙江高考改编)When the time came to make the
final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that
1．(2016·江苏高考改编)Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
2．(2014·天津高考改编)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
_t_h_a_t__ they themselves would like to be treated. 2．I am interested in Internet technology and English. This is the
reason why I want to major in computer science in an
三、只用that不用which的情况 1．先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代
词通常只用that，不用which。 Nothing that the teacher does doesn't influence his students. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。 2．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。 This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
5．句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that 引导限制性定语从句。 Which is the car that has overtaken us? 超过我们的是哪辆车？
四、只用which不用that的情况 1．在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系代词which，不能使用
that。 Air, which we breathe every day, is around us all the time. 我们每天呼吸的空气始终在我们的周围。 2．在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，用关系代词 which，不能使用that。 She showed me the dictionary for which she paid a lot of money. 她给我看了她花了很多钱买的那本字典。
English-speaking country. 3．I am doing a job where
I have an opportunity to
communicate with people from different backgrounds.
“介词＋关系代词”的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
_t_h_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__ were very important in my life at that time: car
magazines and musical instruments. 3．(2016·6月浙江高考改编)The study suggests that the cultures we
[注意事项]
1．where引导定语从句时，不仅仅修饰具体的地点，还可以修饰抽 象的地点。 He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
2．the way后接定语从句，如果定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表 语，那么引导词用that/in which或者省略。 I don't like the way (that/in which) he teaches us. 我不喜欢他教我们的方式。
2．有时介词也可放在从句的动词后面，这时关系代词可用 which/that(指物)，who/whom/that(指人)，也可以省略。 The situation (which/that) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚 1．(2017·北京高考改编)The little problems that/which we meet
in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 2．Whenever I read the old letters, which was fairly often,
4．(2018·青岛模拟)Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.
[注意事项] 1．当关系代词作宾语，前面又没有介词时，whom可以改为
who，也可以省略。
The girl (who/whom) he invited may be his girlfriend. 他邀请的那个女孩可能是他的女朋友。
2．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名
词＋of
关系副词的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
1．(2015·北京高考改编)Opposite is St. Paul's Church, where you can hear some lovely music.
2．(2014·江苏高考改编)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.
——规则点拨
“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法 1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用
which(指物)或whom(指人)，即：介词＋which/whom。不能 用that和who。 This is the teacher from whom we've learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学到了很多东西的那位老师。
which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of
whom”。
The classroom, whose door is broken, will soon be repaired. →The classroom, the door of which is broken, will soon be
repaired. 那间门坏了的教室很快就会被修理。
3．关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词＋关系代词”引导的从句替 换。 The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝邀请的原因不明。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1．The “Golden Rule” says people should treat others the way
二、关系代词和关系副词的辨析方法
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、谓语、宾语、定 语、状语)能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 This is the museum where we saw the famous painting.(引导词 在从句中作状语) 这就是我们看到那幅名画的博物馆。 This is the museum which we visited last summer.(引导词在从句 中作宾语) 这就是我们去年夏天去的那个博物馆。
sweet memories warmed my heart. 3．It is the family photo hanging on the wall that always reminds
me that family is the place that/which I should try my best to take care of. 4．Take an active part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning. 5．The students and things that you spoke of are known to us.
3．先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。 The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
4．关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时，通常只用that，不用 which。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的样子了。
reflected my interest. 5．(2016·北京高考改编)I live next door to a couple whose
children often make a lot of noise.
——规则点拨
一、关系代词的用法分类
从句
用于限制性
用于限制性和非限制性定语从句
关系代词
专题七 定语从句
语法 要点 讲 练 悟通
关系代词的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows
along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ改编)Around me in the picture are the things
——规则点拨
一、关系副词的分类 1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 我仍然记得我第一次到这个学校的那一天。 2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。 3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
定语从句
格
指人
指物
指人又指物
主格词
who
which
that
宾格词
who/whom
属格词
whose/ of whom
whose/ of which
whose
二、关系代词的用法与分类依据 1．根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性； 2．根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物； 3．根据它在从句中所充当的成分——主语、宾语或定语。
grow up in influence the basic processes by which we see the
world around us.
4．(2016·6月浙江高考改编)When the time came to make the
final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that
1．(2016·江苏高考改编)Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
2．(2014·天津高考改编)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
_t_h_a_t__ they themselves would like to be treated. 2．I am interested in Internet technology and English. This is the
reason why I want to major in computer science in an
三、只用that不用which的情况 1．先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代
词通常只用that，不用which。 Nothing that the teacher does doesn't influence his students. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。 2．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。 This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
5．句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that 引导限制性定语从句。 Which is the car that has overtaken us? 超过我们的是哪辆车？
四、只用which不用that的情况 1．在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系代词which，不能使用
that。 Air, which we breathe every day, is around us all the time. 我们每天呼吸的空气始终在我们的周围。 2．在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，用关系代词 which，不能使用that。 She showed me the dictionary for which she paid a lot of money. 她给我看了她花了很多钱买的那本字典。
English-speaking country. 3．I am doing a job where
I have an opportunity to
communicate with people from different backgrounds.
“介词＋关系代词”的用法
——典题尝试(单句语法填空)
_t_h_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__ were very important in my life at that time: car
magazines and musical instruments. 3．(2016·6月浙江高考改编)The study suggests that the cultures we
[注意事项]
1．where引导定语从句时，不仅仅修饰具体的地点，还可以修饰抽 象的地点。 He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
2．the way后接定语从句，如果定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表 语，那么引导词用that/in which或者省略。 I don't like the way (that/in which) he teaches us. 我不喜欢他教我们的方式。
2．有时介词也可放在从句的动词后面，这时关系代词可用 which/that(指物)，who/whom/that(指人)，也可以省略。 The situation (which/that) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚 1．(2017·北京高考改编)The little problems that/which we meet
in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 2．Whenever I read the old letters, which was fairly often,