新概念英语第二册：第38课课文详解及语法解析

【导语】新概念英语⽂章短⼩精悍，语句幽默诙谐，语法全⾯系统。

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课⽂详注 Further notes on the text
1.He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并计划在乡间安顿下来。

(1)dream of 在这⾥不表⽰具体的做梦，⽽是“幻想”、“向往”的意思：
Frank used to dream of having a car of his own.
弗兰克过去常幻想拥有⼀辆⾃⼰的车。

(2)settle down 是个固定短语，可以表⽰“定居”、“安⾝”、“安顿”等含义：
They settled down in Australia in 1988.
他们1988年在澳⼤利亚定居了。

After two years of travelling, I want to settle down now.
旅⾏了两年之后，我现在想过安定的⽇⼦了。

2.Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even
though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. 但紧接着他就开始抱怨那⾥的天⽓了。

因为即使那时仍为夏季，但⾬总是下个不停，⽽且常常冷得厉害。

(1)for 在这⾥为连词，
为所陈述的事说出原因。

它与 because不同，不能⽤于句⾸。

并且在for后⾯必须重复主语：
I don't have a car, for I can't afford it.
我没有车，因为我买不起。

(2)连词even though引导的是让步状语从句，
表⽰“即使”、“虽然”：
Even though we were very tired, we went on with the work.
虽然我们已⾮常累了，我们仍然继续⼲活。

3.He acted as if be had never lived in England before.他的举动就好像他从未在英国⽣活过⼀样。

连词 as if/ though 引导⽅式状语从句，通常跟在描述⾏为举⽌的动词之后，如act, appear, feel, look, smell, sound等后⾯：
She acted as if she were mad.
她的举动像疯了⼀样。

It feels as if/ though it's going to rain.
这天⽓给⼈的感觉好像是要下⾬。

4.In the end, it was more than he could bear. 最后，他再也忍受不住。

more than在这⾥表⽰“超过……的范围”：
This piece of news is more than I can believe.
我⽆法相信这条消息。

这种⽤法与它通常表⽰“⽐……更多”的⽤法稍有不同：
There were more than ten people in the room.
房间⾥不⽌10个⼈。

语法 Grammar in use
过去完成时
在第14课的语法中，我们学习了过去完成时的构成和基本⽤法。

它经常与⼀般过去时连⽤，表⽰在过去某个动作发⽣前完成的动作：
When I arrived, Jane had left.
我到时，简已经⾛了。

(⾛发⽣在我到达之前)
与过去完成时连⽤的表⽰时间的词或词组有when, after, as soon as, (not) until, by that time, (never) before, already, for, since, just等，另外它还常与连词no sooner…than和
hardly…when连⽤。

(cf.词汇学习)过去完成时不能与副词ago 连⽤(ago只能与⼀般过去时连⽤)：
He hadn't finished it by yesterday evening.
到昨天晚上他还没做完。