人教版(2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the 课件(共31)
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作者编号：33003
2. where引导的定语从句。
1. This is the hotel where they stayed. 2. we have reached a point where a change is needed. 3. He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.
The mines where I worked. The reason why I got a job.
作者编号：33003
作状语，即从句成分齐全，不缺主，宾，表，定语。
Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses.
作者编号：33003
Lead-in
Review: What is a restrictive clause?structure?
在复合句中, 修饰某一 _名__词__ 或 _代__词__ 的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的 名词或代词叫 _先__行__词__ , 定语从句一般放在先行词的_后__面__ , 引导定语 从句的词叫做 _关__系__词__。
1.They are the survivors _w_h__o_se__ home was destroyed by the earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people_w__h_o_/_th_a_t_ were asleep. 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything t_h_a_t_/不__填__ they could find. 4.A number of children __w__h_o_s_e_ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities. 5.This frightened boyw__h_o_se_ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now . 6. This is the young manw__h_o_/t_h_a_t saved people trapped under ruins. 7.Several days later most of the buildings w__h_ic_h_/_t_h_athad been damaged were repaired. 作者编号：33003
作者编号：33003
选用介词的依据
1. 根据先行词的搭配，, 从句中的动词、形容词等的搭配 (即固定短语)。 (1)Yesterday we visited the West Lake __fo_r__w_h_i_c_h__ Hangzhou is famous. (2) He is the student_f_r_o_m__w__h_o_m_we should learn. (3) I remember the days _d_u_r_in_g__w_h_i_c_h_I lived here. (4) I can’t remember the age _a_t_w_h__ic_h__he won the prize.
如何区分关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句。
1. 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时, 关系词在定语从句中 作状语时, 用关系副词;
2. 若关系词在定语从句中作主语、宾语
作者编号：33003
关系副词的用法
1. when引导的定语从句。
1. I still remember the time when I was in college. 2. we will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky. 当先行词为表示时间的名词(如：day, time, week, month, year等)，且关 系词在从句中作时间状语，定语从句用when引导。
关系 代词
who whom which that whose 作者编号：33003
The usage of the relative pronouns
指代
在定语从句中所充当的成分
人
物
句子
主语 宾语
定语
Fill in the blanks with that/which/who/whom/whose.
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 。
2）在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或 whom,不可用that/who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。
1. This is the student _fo_r__w_h_o_m___ I bought a book. 2. This is the ship _b_y__w_h_i_c_h_ I went to Shanghai.
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
1、介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来确定。 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。
作者编号：33003
关系副词 — where特殊用法
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后, 如 situation (情形), stage (阶段), point (地步), case (情况), position (位置), condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步, 在某种境况或情况中” 。
关系副词:
引导定语从句的关系副词包括when, where, why，一般代替先行词 在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因。
关系副词 指代 在从句中充当的成分
例句
when time
时间状语
The time when I arrived.
where place why reason
地点状语 原因状语
Eg: The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.
作者编号：33003
关系副词 — where特殊用法
并非所有的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，后面的定语从句都用 when和where引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，就要用that 或which引导。
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
1）关系副词when，where，why引导定语从句时，也可用“介词+which” 代替关系副词。
1. when相当于“ at/in/on/during等 + which” I remember the day _w_h_e_n__(=__o_n_w__h_ic_h_)_ I settled in China. 2. where 相当于“ in/at/on等 + which” The house w__h_e_r_e_(_=_in__w__h_ic_h_)_ Mark lived is now a library. 3. why 相当于“for + which” Is that the reason w__h_y_(_=_f_o_r_w__h_ic_h_)she suddenly changed her mind?
1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
作者编号：33003
总结关系副词的作用： 1. 指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词 2. 连接主句和从句 3. 在从句中充当句子成分—状语
Eg：I still remember the days
we swam together in the river.
先行词
（表示时间）
关系副词
（作状语）
定语从句
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 。
3） “名词，不定代词或数词 + of + which (指物)/whom (指人)”在定语 从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
1. China has lots of islands, _o_n_e__o_f_w_h_i_c_h_ is Hainan Island. 2. The building had been repaired, _t_h_e__ro_o_f__o_f _w_h_i_c_h__ was destroyed again in a big fire. 3. Miss Liu has a lot of students, __so_m__e__o_f _w_h_o_m__ are girls.
Unit 5 Languages Around The World
Discovering Useful Structures
作者编号：33003
Learning objectives
1. Help students learn the form of Relative Clauses. 2.Guide students to know how to use Relative Clauses. 3.Design specific situations for students to make small conversitions.
当先行词为表示具体地点的名词(如：place, house, airport等)或抽象地点的 名词(如：point， case， activity， situation， position， occasion， platform， email，stage，scene等) ，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，定语 从句用where引导。
作者编号：33003
3. why引导的定语从句。
1. This is the reason why he left in a hurry. 2. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his friends for help yesterday. 当先行词为表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，定语 从句用why引导。
2. 根据句子的意思来选择。 (5) This is the pilot _w_i_th__w_h_o_m_ my brother has worked for ten years. (6) This is the pilot _b_y__w_h__o_m___ my son was saved.
作者编号：33003
+ 先行词
关系代词
关系词
?
+ 定语从句
关系副词
作者编号：33003
（which, who, whom…）
（where, when, why）
关系代词
作者编号：33003
指人
who (主语，宾语) whom (宾语) whose (定语)
that (主语，宾语)
指物
whose (定语) that (主语，宾语) which (主语，宾语)
2. where引导的定语从句。
1. This is the hotel where they stayed. 2. we have reached a point where a change is needed. 3. He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.
The mines where I worked. The reason why I got a job.
作者编号：33003
作状语，即从句成分齐全，不缺主，宾，表，定语。
Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses.
作者编号：33003
Lead-in
Review: What is a restrictive clause?structure?
在复合句中, 修饰某一 _名__词__ 或 _代__词__ 的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的 名词或代词叫 _先__行__词__ , 定语从句一般放在先行词的_后__面__ , 引导定语 从句的词叫做 _关__系__词__。
1.They are the survivors _w_h__o_se__ home was destroyed by the earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people_w__h_o_/_th_a_t_ were asleep. 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything t_h_a_t_/不__填__ they could find. 4.A number of children __w__h_o_s_e_ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities. 5.This frightened boyw__h_o_se_ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now . 6. This is the young manw__h_o_/t_h_a_t saved people trapped under ruins. 7.Several days later most of the buildings w__h_ic_h_/_t_h_athad been damaged were repaired. 作者编号：33003
作者编号：33003
选用介词的依据
1. 根据先行词的搭配，, 从句中的动词、形容词等的搭配 (即固定短语)。 (1)Yesterday we visited the West Lake __fo_r__w_h_i_c_h__ Hangzhou is famous. (2) He is the student_f_r_o_m__w__h_o_m_we should learn. (3) I remember the days _d_u_r_in_g__w_h_i_c_h_I lived here. (4) I can’t remember the age _a_t_w_h__ic_h__he won the prize.
如何区分关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句。
1. 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时, 关系词在定语从句中 作状语时, 用关系副词;
2. 若关系词在定语从句中作主语、宾语
作者编号：33003
关系副词的用法
1. when引导的定语从句。
1. I still remember the time when I was in college. 2. we will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky. 当先行词为表示时间的名词(如：day, time, week, month, year等)，且关 系词在从句中作时间状语，定语从句用when引导。
关系 代词
who whom which that whose 作者编号：33003
The usage of the relative pronouns
指代
在定语从句中所充当的成分
人
物
句子
主语 宾语
定语
Fill in the blanks with that/which/who/whom/whose.
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 。
2）在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或 whom,不可用that/who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。
1. This is the student _fo_r__w_h_o_m___ I bought a book. 2. This is the ship _b_y__w_h_i_c_h_ I went to Shanghai.
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
1、介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来确定。 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。
作者编号：33003
关系副词 — where特殊用法
where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后, 如 situation (情形), stage (阶段), point (地步), case (情况), position (位置), condition, activity, scene, occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步, 在某种境况或情况中” 。
关系副词:
引导定语从句的关系副词包括when, where, why，一般代替先行词 在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因。
关系副词 指代 在从句中充当的成分
例句
when time
时间状语
The time when I arrived.
where place why reason
地点状语 原因状语
Eg: The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.
作者编号：33003
关系副词 — where特殊用法
并非所有的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，后面的定语从句都用 when和where引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，就要用that 或which引导。
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
1）关系副词when，where，why引导定语从句时，也可用“介词+which” 代替关系副词。
1. when相当于“ at/in/on/during等 + which” I remember the day _w_h_e_n__(=__o_n_w__h_ic_h_)_ I settled in China. 2. where 相当于“ in/at/on等 + which” The house w__h_e_r_e_(_=_in__w__h_ic_h_)_ Mark lived is now a library. 3. why 相当于“for + which” Is that the reason w__h_y_(_=_f_o_r_w__h_ic_h_)she suddenly changed her mind?
1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
作者编号：33003
总结关系副词的作用： 1. 指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词 2. 连接主句和从句 3. 在从句中充当句子成分—状语
Eg：I still remember the days
we swam together in the river.
先行词
（表示时间）
关系副词
（作状语）
定语从句
作者编号：33003
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 。
3） “名词，不定代词或数词 + of + which (指物)/whom (指人)”在定语 从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
1. China has lots of islands, _o_n_e__o_f_w_h_i_c_h_ is Hainan Island. 2. The building had been repaired, _t_h_e__ro_o_f__o_f _w_h_i_c_h__ was destroyed again in a big fire. 3. Miss Liu has a lot of students, __so_m__e__o_f _w_h_o_m__ are girls.
Unit 5 Languages Around The World
Discovering Useful Structures
作者编号：33003
Learning objectives
1. Help students learn the form of Relative Clauses. 2.Guide students to know how to use Relative Clauses. 3.Design specific situations for students to make small conversitions.
当先行词为表示具体地点的名词(如：place, house, airport等)或抽象地点的 名词(如：point， case， activity， situation， position， occasion， platform， email，stage，scene等) ，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，定语 从句用where引导。
作者编号：33003
3. why引导的定语从句。
1. This is the reason why he left in a hurry. 2. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his friends for help yesterday. 当先行词为表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，定语 从句用why引导。
2. 根据句子的意思来选择。 (5) This is the pilot _w_i_th__w_h_o_m_ my brother has worked for ten years. (6) This is the pilot _b_y__w_h__o_m___ my son was saved.
作者编号：33003
+ 先行词
关系代词
关系词
?
+ 定语从句
关系副词
作者编号：33003
（which, who, whom…）
（where, when, why）
关系代词
作者编号：33003
指人
who (主语，宾语) whom (宾语) whose (定语)
that (主语，宾语)
指物
whose (定语) that (主语，宾语) which (主语，宾语)