国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
05
International investment and multinational corporations
International investment environment
Political environment: stability, policies, and regulations that affect foreign investment.
New trade theory departs from the assumption of perfect competition and focuses on the role of increasing returns to scale and monopolistic competition.
Classical trade theory posits that specialization in production based on comparative advantage results in increased production and consumption in all countries.
关税是一种税收，由政府对进口商品征收，以增加进口成本并保护国内产业。
关税定义
关税种类
关税作用
包括基本关税、附加关税、反倾销关税和报复性关税等。
通过提高进口商品价格，降低国内市场的竞争压力，保护国内产业和就业。
03
02
01
出口补贴是指政府给予出口企业的财政补贴，以降低出口成本，增加出口量。
出口补贴定义
Balance of trade
The balance of trade is a crucial component of the international balance of payments. It measures the value of a country's exports minus the value of its imports. A positive balance of trade indicates that a country is exporting more goods and services than it is importing, while a negative balance of trade indicates the opposite.
包括直接补贴和间接补贴，如出口退税、贷款担保、出口信贷等。
出口补贴种类
可能导致国际贸易争端和报复措施，增加财政负担，对国内经济产生负面影响。
出口补贴的影响
04
international finance
Foreign exchange market
The foreign exchange market is the global market where different currencies are exchanged for each other based on supply and demand. It plays a crucial role in international trade and finance, as it allows businesses and individuals to convert their local currency into another currency for various purposes, such as traveling, importing/exporting goods, and investing.
Exchange rate determination
The exchange rate between two currencies is determined by the supply and demand for those currencies in the foreign exchange market. It is influenced by various factors, including economic policies, inflation rates, interest rates, and political stability. Central banks often intervene in the foreign exchange market to control the exchange rate and maintain stability.
01
02
Classical trade theory assumes that trade is beneficial to all countries, regardless of their level of development.
Classical trade theory emphasizes the role of free trade in promoting economic growth and development.
Neoclassical trade theory also considers the role of technology and innovation in trade patterns.
单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的为了最终呈现发布的。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。4行*21字
New trade theory emphasizes the role of increasing returns to scale in promoting international specialization and trade.
New trade theory also considers the role of institutions, policies, and culture in shaping trade patterns.
International Economics English Courseware (El Sal
introductionInternational Trade TheoryInternational trade policyinternational financeInternational investment and multinational corporationsInternational Economic Integration and Regional Economic Cooperation
International balance of payments
The international balance of payments records the flow of goods, services, and financial assets between countries. It is an important indicator of a country's economic health, as it shows how much a country is importing and exporting, as well as the flow of capital into and out of the country.
详细描述
国际经济学最初起源于古典国际贸易理论，如比较优势理论等。随着全球化的发展和世界经济格局的变化，国际经济学的研究范围不断扩大，涉及到国际金融、国际投资、跨国公司等领域。
总结词
国际经济学的研究方法主要包括实证分析和规范分析，同时也涉及到计量经济学和博弈论等方法。
详细描述
实证分析是国际经济学中常用的一种研究方法，主要通过对历史数据和现实情况进行统计分析，探究经济现象之间的因果关系。规范分析则涉及到价值判断和政策建议，旨在为政策制定提供理论依据。此外，计量经济学和博弈论等方法也在国rade theory extends the classical theory by considering the role of imperfect competition and monopolistic competition in trade.
Neoclassical trade theory emphasizes the role of factor endowments, such as labor and capital, in determining comparative advantages.
Technological environment
innovation, R&D, and technology transfer.
Risk assessment
Political risk: changes in government policies, expropriation, and political instability.
Financial risk: currency exchange rates, interest rates, and capital market volatility.
Trade protection theory opposes free trade and advocates for the use of tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers to protect domestic industries.
03
International trade policy
Economic environment: GDP, inflation, exchange rates, and other economic indicators.
Social environment
culture, education, health, and other social factors.
International monetary system: The international monetary system is the set of rules, practices, and institutions that govern international trade and finance. It includes the exchange rate system, the system of payment for international trade transactions, and the regulation of international capital movements.
New trade theory posits that trade can arise due to differences in factor endowments, industrial organization, and product differentiation across countries.
contents
目录
01
introduction
国际经济学是一门研究国家之间经济活动的学科，其研究对象包括国际贸易、国际金融、国际投资等。
国际经济学主要关注国家之间的经济关系，研究不同国家之间如何进行贸易、投资、金融等方面的活动，以及这些活动对各国经济的影响。
详细描述
总结词
总结词
国际经济学作为一门学科，经历了从古典国际贸易理论到现代国际经济学的发展历程。
02
International Trade Theory
Classical trade theory assumes that all countries have absolute advantages in production and engage in international trade to maximize their welfare.
International investment and multinational corporations
International investment environment
Political environment: stability, policies, and regulations that affect foreign investment.
New trade theory departs from the assumption of perfect competition and focuses on the role of increasing returns to scale and monopolistic competition.
Classical trade theory posits that specialization in production based on comparative advantage results in increased production and consumption in all countries.
关税是一种税收，由政府对进口商品征收，以增加进口成本并保护国内产业。
关税定义
关税种类
关税作用
包括基本关税、附加关税、反倾销关税和报复性关税等。
通过提高进口商品价格，降低国内市场的竞争压力，保护国内产业和就业。
03
02
01
出口补贴是指政府给予出口企业的财政补贴，以降低出口成本，增加出口量。
出口补贴定义
Balance of trade
The balance of trade is a crucial component of the international balance of payments. It measures the value of a country's exports minus the value of its imports. A positive balance of trade indicates that a country is exporting more goods and services than it is importing, while a negative balance of trade indicates the opposite.
包括直接补贴和间接补贴，如出口退税、贷款担保、出口信贷等。
出口补贴种类
可能导致国际贸易争端和报复措施，增加财政负担，对国内经济产生负面影响。
出口补贴的影响
04
international finance
Foreign exchange market
The foreign exchange market is the global market where different currencies are exchanged for each other based on supply and demand. It plays a crucial role in international trade and finance, as it allows businesses and individuals to convert their local currency into another currency for various purposes, such as traveling, importing/exporting goods, and investing.
Exchange rate determination
The exchange rate between two currencies is determined by the supply and demand for those currencies in the foreign exchange market. It is influenced by various factors, including economic policies, inflation rates, interest rates, and political stability. Central banks often intervene in the foreign exchange market to control the exchange rate and maintain stability.
01
02
Classical trade theory assumes that trade is beneficial to all countries, regardless of their level of development.
Classical trade theory emphasizes the role of free trade in promoting economic growth and development.
Neoclassical trade theory also considers the role of technology and innovation in trade patterns.
单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的为了最终呈现发布的。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。单击此处添加正文文字是您思。文字是您思。4行*21字
New trade theory emphasizes the role of increasing returns to scale in promoting international specialization and trade.
New trade theory also considers the role of institutions, policies, and culture in shaping trade patterns.
International Economics English Courseware (El Sal
introductionInternational Trade TheoryInternational trade policyinternational financeInternational investment and multinational corporationsInternational Economic Integration and Regional Economic Cooperation
International balance of payments
The international balance of payments records the flow of goods, services, and financial assets between countries. It is an important indicator of a country's economic health, as it shows how much a country is importing and exporting, as well as the flow of capital into and out of the country.
详细描述
国际经济学最初起源于古典国际贸易理论，如比较优势理论等。随着全球化的发展和世界经济格局的变化，国际经济学的研究范围不断扩大，涉及到国际金融、国际投资、跨国公司等领域。
总结词
国际经济学的研究方法主要包括实证分析和规范分析，同时也涉及到计量经济学和博弈论等方法。
详细描述
实证分析是国际经济学中常用的一种研究方法，主要通过对历史数据和现实情况进行统计分析，探究经济现象之间的因果关系。规范分析则涉及到价值判断和政策建议，旨在为政策制定提供理论依据。此外，计量经济学和博弈论等方法也在国rade theory extends the classical theory by considering the role of imperfect competition and monopolistic competition in trade.
Neoclassical trade theory emphasizes the role of factor endowments, such as labor and capital, in determining comparative advantages.
Technological environment
innovation, R&D, and technology transfer.
Risk assessment
Political risk: changes in government policies, expropriation, and political instability.
Financial risk: currency exchange rates, interest rates, and capital market volatility.
Trade protection theory opposes free trade and advocates for the use of tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers to protect domestic industries.
03
International trade policy
Economic environment: GDP, inflation, exchange rates, and other economic indicators.
Social environment
culture, education, health, and other social factors.
International monetary system: The international monetary system is the set of rules, practices, and institutions that govern international trade and finance. It includes the exchange rate system, the system of payment for international trade transactions, and the regulation of international capital movements.
New trade theory posits that trade can arise due to differences in factor endowments, industrial organization, and product differentiation across countries.
contents
目录
01
introduction
国际经济学是一门研究国家之间经济活动的学科，其研究对象包括国际贸易、国际金融、国际投资等。
国际经济学主要关注国家之间的经济关系，研究不同国家之间如何进行贸易、投资、金融等方面的活动，以及这些活动对各国经济的影响。
详细描述
总结词
总结词
国际经济学作为一门学科，经历了从古典国际贸易理论到现代国际经济学的发展历程。
02
International Trade Theory
Classical trade theory assumes that all countries have absolute advantages in production and engage in international trade to maximize their welfare.