高中英语 Module 6 Animals in danger Section Ⅳ

Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module [原文呈现]
WWF
The WWF is the world’s largest organisation for nature conservation. It was founded① in the UK in 1961 and opened an international office in Switzerland in the same year. Its aim② was to protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of③extinction④. One of the founders, the painter and naturalist⑤Peter Scott, designed the famous panda logo. The initials⑥， WWF, stand for⑦ World Wide Fund for Nature. Originally⑧the name was World Wildlife Fund. Today the organisation has branches⑨in 90 countries in all five continents⑩. It has thousands of volunteers and more than five million supporters who help by giving money. Since 1985 it has spent more than $1,000 million on⑪ 11,000 projects in 130 countries.
[读文清障]
①found vt.成立；建立(founded, founded)
②aim/eIm/n.目标；目的
with the aim of doing sth.旨在做某事
③in danger of处于……危险中
be in danger处于危险中
④extinction/Ik'stIŋkʃn/n.灭绝；绝种
⑤the painter and naturalist画家兼自然学家，作one的同位语。

第二个名词前不加冠词，指同一个人，这时谓语动词应用单数形式。

⑥initial/I'nIʃl/n.首字母
⑦stand for代表
⑧originally adv.最初；起初
⑨branch/brɑːntʃ/n.分支机构；办事处(pl.branches)
⑩continent/'kɒntInənt/n.大陆；洲
⑪spend ...on ...在……上花费……
世界自然保护基金组织
[第1段译文]
世界自然保护基金组织是世界上最大的自然保护组织。

它于1961年在英国成立，同年在瑞士开了一个国际办事处。

其目的在于保护濒临灭绝的野生动物的自然栖息地。

其中一位建立者，画家兼自然学家，皮特·斯科特设计了著名的熊猫标志。

缩略词WWF代表“世界自然保护基金组织”。

最初名字是World Wildlife Fund。

现在这个组织在所有五大洲的90个国家拥有分支机构。

它拥有成千上万名志愿者和五百多万名通过捐资来帮助的支持者。

自1985年以来，它已经在130个国家的11 000个项目上花费了100 000多万美元。

The focus⑫ of attention has changed, too. In the 1980s
the WWF became interested in⑬ all activities⑭ which have an effect on⑮ the environment⑯， such as pollution and the way ⑰we use energy⑱. The WWF believes that our world has a future only if⑲ people learn to conserve⑳ nature and not waste○21 energy. As a result, it started working with governments to introduce environmental education into schools.
The WWF has worked with the Chinese government since 1980, when Dr George Shaller arrived to work with Chinese scientists on○22 the panda project○23. For fifteen years WWF China staff○24 had been based in○25 Switzerland but came to
26 the project. Then, in 1995, the China to monitor○
organisation set up○27 an office in Beijing. Today there are more than thirty staff working on twenty projects all over the country○28. They include work in forests, energy, and in environmental education for China’s primary and secondary
29 as well as○30 saving the panda, of course.
schools○
⑫focus/'fəʊkəs/n.焦点；集中点，focus on集中于
⑬become interested in变得对……感兴趣
⑭activity n．活动
⑮have an effect on对……有影响
⑯which ...为限制性定语从句，修饰activities。

⑰we use energy为限制性定语从句，修饰the way，省略了
引导词that/which。

⑱energy/'enədʒi/n.能源
⑲only if只有，only if引导的条件状语从句放于句首，主句需用部分倒装语序。

⑳conserve v．保护
21waste/weIst/vt.浪费
○
22work with sb. on sth.与某人一起从事某事
○
23when ...project为非限制性定语从句，修饰1980。

○
24China staff中国工作人员
○
25be based in以……为基地，be based on根据……
○
26monitor/'mɒnItə/vt.监测
○
27set up建立；设立
○
28现在分词短语working ...作staff的后置定语。

○
29primary and secondary schools中小学
○
30as well as也，和，又
○
[第2～3段译文]
WWF关注的焦点也已经发生了变化。

20世纪80年代，世界自然保护基金组织开始关注所有对环境造成影响的活动，比如污染以及我们利用能源的方式。

世界自然保护基金组织相信只有人们学会保护自然，不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。

因此，它开始与政府合作把环保教育推行到学校。

,自1980年以来世界自然保护基金组织已经与中国政府进行合作，那时乔治·山勒博士
来与中国科学家共同从事熊猫工程的工作。

15年来，世界自然保
护基金组织的中国工作人员驻地在瑞士，但是他们到中国来监测
这一工程。

接着，1995年该组织在北京设立了办事处。

时至目前
，全国有30多个该组织成员在从事着20个项目的工作。

它们包括
森林、能源的工作以及中国中小学的环保教育，当然也有拯救熊
猫的工作。

Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．What is WWF?
A．It is the world’s biggest land animal. A fully grown adult can weigh five tons.
B．It can be found in parts of Siberia and Northeast China.
C．An official working for the branch of China.
D．It’s the largest organisation for nature conservation in the world.
2．What’s the aim of the WWF when it was founded?
A．To protect the natural habitats of wild animals in danger of extinction.
B．To feed mostly on insects and small reptiles, but also fish and frogs.
C．To focus the same attention on organising the volunteers working for the WWF.
D．To increase the population of experts working on the
wild animal programme.
3．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The organisation always has the same focus of attention.
B．The WWF set up an office in Beijing in 1995.
C．The organisation has only the volunteers working in the world.
D．The WWF China staff work in Switzerland, monitoring the project.
4．Which of the following is included in the list of protection of the WWF?
A．African Elephant and Siberian Tiger.
B．Northern Bald Ibis and Blue Whale.
C．Panda and Antelope.
D．All of the above.
答案：1～4 DABD
一、这样记单词
aim n．目标；目的v．瞄准；对准；旨在……；目的是
(1)with the aim of ... 目的是……
(2)aim ...at ... (用……)瞄准，对准
aim at ... 针对/瞄准……
aim to do sth. 目标是做某事
be aimed at (doing) sth. 目的是；旨在(做)某事
①Our aim is to select the best person for the job, wherever they are from.
我们的目的是选择这份工作的最佳人选，不管他们来自哪里。

②She visited the school with the aim of seeing the library.
她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。

③I was aiming_at the tree but I hit the car by mistake.
我对准树射击，不料误射了汽车。

④What do you aim_to_do in the coming year?
在新的一年里你的目标是做什么？
2．(教材P55)But the trade also involves live animals.
但这种贸易也包括(贩运)活着的动物。

involve vt.涉及；包括
involve doing sth. 包括或介入做某事
involve sb./oneself in sth. 邀请、允许某人参与某事/某人积极参与某事
get/be involved in ... 被卷入……之中；全神贯注于……
①Don’t involve me in your trouble.
不要把我牵扯到你的麻烦中。

②Parents should involve_themselves_in their children’s education.
父母应当积极参与孩子的教育。

③Mike had no desire to_be_involved (involve) in anything dangerous or violent.
迈克不想卷入任何危险或暴力的事情中去。

[名师点津] involved作前置定语或后置定语时意义不同live
(1)adj.活的(常用作定语)
①I bought two live fish in the market.
我在市场上买了两条活鱼。

②Better a live coward than a dead hero.
好死不如赖活。

(2)adj.现场直播的，实况转播的
③Most people prefer live matches to recorded ones.
比起录播的比赛，大多数人更喜欢看现场直播。

(3)adv.在现场直播
④The football game was televised live.
那场足球比赛是在电视上现场直播的。

(4)v.住；生存；生活
⑤John lives_a_happy life with his family at present.
约翰现在和家人过着幸福的生活。

3．(教材P55)A reptile has cold blood and lays eggs.
爬行动物是冷血动物并且产卵。

lay vt.产卵；下蛋；放置，搁置；铺设
[一词多义] 写出下列句中lay的含义
①The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds’ nests.产卵；下蛋
②She laid the baby down gently on the bed.放置，搁置
③The road has been dug up in order to lay cables.铺设
形象记忆
4.(教材P55)One of the wonders of the insect world.
昆虫世界中的奇观之一。

wonder n．奇迹，奇观，奇事v．惊奇，想知道It’s a wonder (that) ... 令人惊奇的是……
No wonder (that) .../It’s no wonder (that) ...
难怪……
in wonder 惊奇地
长城是世界上的奇观之一。

②“What’s that？” Mary pointed at the statue, saying in wonder.
玛丽指着那座雕塑，惊奇地说：“那是什么？”
③No_wonder/It’s_no_wonder_(that) you’re tired; you’ve been walking for hours.
难怪你累了，你已经走了好几个小时了。

[语境串记]The children looked at the pictures in wonder, and wondered what the New Seven Wonders of the world were.
孩子们惊奇地看着图画，想知道世界新七大奇观是什么。

5．(教材P57)I’m concerned about the future of wildlife in Africa.
我担心非洲野生动物的未来。

be concerned about/for sth.关心某事；担心某事
(1)be concerned with 与……有关；涉及
as far as ...be concerned 就……而言
(2)concern vt. 使忧虑；与……有关
n. [C]担心的事；[U，C]担忧
concerned adj. 焦虑的，担忧的；有关的
concerning prep. 关于，有关，涉及
especially arguing with referees.
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。

②All the people concerned with the case will be questioned by the police.
所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。

③As far as I’m concerned (concern), I think shopping online is very convenient.
就我个人而言，我认为网上购物很方便。

[语境串记] The concerned parents are full of concern about the matter which may concern their children.
忧心忡忡的家长们非常担心那件可能涉及他们孩子的事情。

6．(教材P59)The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature.
缩略词WWF代表“世界自然保护基金组织”。

stand for代表；象征；支持；忍受
①What does ATM stand for?
ATM代表什么？
②She’s been lying about me, and I won’t stand_for it.
她一直乱说我坏话，我忍受不了了。

[名师点津] 如果在缩写字母前有the letters，则stand for 用复数形式。

③The letters WTO stand_for World Trade Organization.
字母WTO代表世界贸易组织。

stand against 反对
stand out 显眼，突出
stand by 袖手旁观；信守(诺言等)；支持
stand up 站立；耐用
④She is the sort of person who stands_out in a crowd.
她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。

⑤I’ll stand_by you whatever happens.
无论如何，我都支持你。

7．(教材P59)The focus of attention has changed, too.
(WWF)关注的焦点也已经发生了变化。

focus n．焦点；集中点v．聚焦；集中精力
(1)in/out of focus 清晰/不清晰的；焦点对准/没有对准的
bring sth. into focus 使某事物成为焦点
(2)focus on/upon 注意，集中于
focus ...on ... 把……集中于……上
她老想成为人们关注的焦点。

②The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into_focus.
这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。

③We need to focus public attention on this issue.
我们需要把公众的注意力集中到这个问题上来。

[语境串记]The teacher reminded Tom to focus his attention on what the teacher was saying. So all the other students looked at him. He became the focus of all the class.
老师提醒汤姆集中注意力听老师讲课，所以其他同学都看着他，他成为全班的焦点。

8．(教材P59)Then, in 1995, the organisation set up an office in Beijing.
接着，1995年该组织在北京设立了办事处。

set
up创建，建立，开办；安排，组织；安装；创造(纪录) [一词多义] 写出下列句中set up的含义
①The school has set up a special class to help poor readers.建立，创建，开办
②I’ll set up an appointment for you.安排
③She set up her camera in her bedroom.安装
④They have set up a new record for the flight to Beijing.创造(纪录)
set about doing sth. 开始做某事
set out to do sth. 开始做某事
be set in ... 以……为背景
set sth. aside 将某事/物放在一边；节省或保留(钱或时间)
⑤She set_about clearing up after the party.
聚会之后她开始打扫卫生。

⑥I wanted to set my feelings down on paper.
我想把我的感想写下来。

1．Only about 1,000 survive, most of them in Siberia.
只有大约1 000只(老虎)幸存，大部分在西伯利亚。

本句中most of them in Siberia是“名词(代词)＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构。

独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，通常在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等，也可作后置定语。

常见的独立主格结构有：
(1)名词(代词主格)＋介词短语/形容词/副词。

①He came in the room, a dictionary in his hand.
他走进房间，手里拿着一本词典。

②The storm over,_everything was in peace again.
暴风雨过去了，一切又平静下来。

(2)名词(代词主格)＋现在分词/过去分词。

③Time permitting (permit), we will go skating.
如果时间允许，我们就去滑冰。

(time与permit之间是主动关系)
④All things considered (consider), it is a good plan.
全盘考虑后，这是一项好计划。

(things与consider之间是被动关系)
(3)名词(代词主格)＋不定式。

⑤They decided to buy a car, Mike to pay half the money.
他们决定买一部车，迈克付一半的钱。

(动词不定式表示将来)
(4)there being/having been＋名词(there be句型的独立主格结构)。

⑥There being no bus now, we will have to go home on foot.
现在没有公交车了，我们将不得不走回家。

2．The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy.
世界自然保护基金组织相信只有人们学会保护自然，不浪费能源，我们的世界才有未来。

only if“只有……”，用于引导陈述语气的真实条件句。

用于句首时，主句应部分倒装。

①It is accessible to every citizen only if you get a special card.
只要有特种卡片，每个市民都可进入。

②Only if you are aware of the importance of English can_you_learn_it_well.
只有你意识到英语的重要性你才能学好英语。

[辨析比较] only if, if only
③I told him he would succeed only_if he tried hard.
④If_only she could have lived a little longer！
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed (fix) on the blackboard.
2．Many people go to big cities with the aim of finding better jobs.
3．It’s said that the famous star is involved (involve) in taking drugs.
4．“I lay asleep all afternoon, so I didn’t hear the phone，” he lied to me.(lie)
5．I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids.
6．The mother didn’t go out to search for her lost son.
I wonder if she was concerned about him.
7．Do you know what the letters MBA stand for?
8．Each day is a gift, and as long as my eyes open, I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories I’ve stored away.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The machine has been used for many years. No_wonder/It’s_no_wonder_(that) it doesn’t work well occasionally.
这台机器已经使用多年了。

难怪它有时不能好好工作。

2．Although he tried to focus_on_his_reading in the study, now and then his attention was attracted by the loud music outside.
虽然他在书房里尽力集中精力读书，但时不时注意力被外面吵闹的音乐所吸引。

3．The French team set_up_a_new_record at today’s sports meeting.
在今天的运动会上法国队创造了一个新纪录。

4．I wake up only_if_the_alarm_clock_rings.
只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

5．He launched a campaign with_the_aim_of helping victims of crime.
他发起一项旨在帮助罪案受害者的运动。

6．I was_involved_in my book and didn’t hear you knock.
我全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。

7．Mary was a guest on a live_radio_show.
玛丽在一个现场直播节目中当嘉宾。

8．Please don’t be_concerned/worried_about/for me.
请不必为我担心。

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She aims (目标) to achieve her goal in two years.
2．The football match will be broadcast live (现场直播的) tonight.
3．There are seven wonders (奇迹，奇观) in the world.
4．Don’t waste (浪费) your money on silly things.
5．The cuckoo lays (产卵，下蛋) its eggs in other birds’nests.
6．The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.
7．The bank has branches in all parts of the country.
8．Each student’s progress is closely monitored.
9．She always wants to be the focus of attention.
10．Young people usually have more energy than the old.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I have no idea what these three letters stand for.
2．Some children tend to be distracted by new things so that they cannot focus on their study.
3．Students in the school can have easy access to the library.
4．While Mr Smith was on vacation last month, he asked
his secretary to keep an eye on the business of his company.
5．I know that such deer feed (feed) mainly on green grass.
6．You are not supposed to_take (take) the book out of the reading room.
7．The boy laid (lay) the flowers on the table, walked in and found his little brother lying (lie) in bed.
8．On arrival at the top of the hill, they set out to_put (put) up tents.
Ⅲ.选词填空
) will be set_up for the dead men families.
2．Hold the camera and focus_on the subject when you are taking pictures.
3．Can you keep_an_eye_on my bag while I am away?
4．It is a_waste_of time to listen to his insignificant talk.
5．Only_if you walk quickly can you catch up with her.
6．It shows that your friends haven’t stopped being_concerned_about you.
7．Businesses will have to aim_at long­term growth, not
the present profit.
8．Bats fly at night and feed_on insects (昆虫)．
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句改错
1．Please don’t worry about your daughter any more. She is out danger and in the charge of a good nurse.out后加of 2．Finally the hunter shot at the big animal. But it struggled with its feet before falling down.wit h→to 3．We should do something to protect the plant for the cold weather.for→from
4．The room was full of children, two of them were from America.them→whom或two前加and或去掉were
5．The writing brushes are made from bamboo and animals’hair.from→of
6．Roads in this mountain area used to be in poor conditions; people found it hard to travel here.conditions→condition
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I will tell you everything (that)_I_know.
我将把我所知道的每一件事都告诉你。

2．In our class there are 56 students, of_whom_35_are_boy_students.
我们班有56名学生，其中35名是男生。

3．She mentioned a magazine, the_title_of_which/whose_title I’ve forgotten.
她提到过一本杂志，其名称我忘记了。

4．Such songs as_you_just_sang are very popular now.
像你刚才唱的歌现在很流行。

5．All the neighbors admire this family, where_the_parents_treat_their_child like a friend.
所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母对待孩子就像朋友一样。

6．Last Sunday, I organized a survey, whose_topic_is “Which safety problem is the one you are most concerned about”．
上周日，我组织了一次民意调查，其主题是“你最关注的安全问题是什么”。

7．Parents usually have_a_great_effect_on their children.
通常父母对孩子的影响是巨大的。

8．There was a time when_there_were_no_radios,_telephones or TV sets here.
这儿曾经有一段时间既没有广播，也没有电话和电视。

二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Animal Conservation
Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger. Finding ways to protect the earth’s wildlife and conserve the natural world they inhabit (居住) is now more important than ever.
The Dodo (渡渡鸟)
The Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth’s biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.
Rhinos (犀牛)
The Rhino horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves. Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers.
The Giant Panda
The future of the WWF’s symbol is far from certain. As few as 1,000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals. However, the panda’s distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose (造成) one of the most serious threats to the animals.
Whales
Despite the fact that one­third of the world’s oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries (保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions (碰撞) with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.
Tigers
The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5,000 and 7,000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tigers’ bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了五种野生动物及其濒临灭绝的原因。

1．Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text?
A．The Dodo, Rhino and Giant Panda.
B．The Rhino, Whale and South China Tiger.
C．The Rhino, Panda, Whale and Tiger.
D．The Dodo and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers.
解析：选D 细节理解题。

根据第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.” 一句可判断渡渡鸟是灭绝的动物之一，再根据最后一段中的“the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct” 一句可得出其他几种。

2．________ can serve as a cure for certain diseases.
A．The whale’s rich oil
B．The panda’s black and white patched coat
C．The Rhino horn and tigers’ bones and organs
D．The Dodo’s delicious meat
解析：选C 细节理解题。

文章的第三段和最后一段提到“犀牛角和虎骨及器官”有很高的药用价值。

3．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The number of South China tigers has reached crisis
point.
B．Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity.
C．People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.
D．The whale is the representing mark for the WWF.
解析：选D 推理判断题。

从第四段中的“The future of the WWF’s symbol is far from certain.” 一句可得出“世界自然保护基金组织”的图案标志是“大熊猫”，而不是“鲸”。

4．Which of the following is mentioned in all the descriptions of those wild animals?
A．The way of their life.
B．The reason for their extinction or being in danger.
C．Why they are hunted.
D．Punishment for hunting wild animals.
解析：选B 细节理解题。

针对五种野生动物介绍，内容不尽相同，有的介绍了人们为什么猎取它们；有的介绍了这些野生动物剩余的数量；有的介绍了对于猎取野生动物的惩罚手段，但有一点是相同的，即渡渡鸟灭绝的原因以及其他四种野生动物濒临灭绝的原因。

Ⅱ.语法填空
For years, parents were urged to stop children from eating snacks between meals. To keep young bodies and minds
__1__ (perform) well over the course of a long day filled with school, homework and activities, nutritionists (营养师) __2__ (definite) saw the need for snacks throughout the day.
As children will gladly tell you, they need something in their bellies (肚子) to tide them over between meals, and __3__ (old) kids often need extra energy for sports practice and other activities. But what should children be eating at snack time?
While nutritionists agree that after school snacks can be a good way __4__ (provide) needed energy, they also stress the __5__ (important) of serving healthy snacks. Healthy snacks provide nutrients, help develop healthy eating habits, and help prevent __6__ wide range of illnes ses. High­calorie, high­sugar, and high­fat snacks should __7__ (avoid), including sugary sodas, snack chips, candy sweets, and processed foods low __8__ nutritional value. In addition, __9__ (focus) on snacks that provide healthy carbohydrates (碳水化合物) for energy and proteins that build muscles. Fruits and vegetables are highly recommended snacks __10__ most children fail to eat enough fruits and vegetables each day. They contain important nutrients, such as vitamins and fiber, and help prevent health problems, such as heart attack
and cancer.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
语篇解读：一直以来，父母们总是严格禁止孩子们吃零食。

但实际上，如果选对了零食，孩子们也可以健康度过每一天。

1．performing 现在分词在这里作宾语补足语。

2．definitely 修饰动词saw需要副词，故填definitely。

3．older 此处与上文作比较，指年龄大些的孩子。

4．to provide 动词不定式作后置定语，意为“放学后吃零食可能是一种提供所需能量的好途径”。

5．importance 根据语境可知，stress后面接名词短语，故填importance。

the importance of ... 指“……的重要性”。

6．a 这里表示泛指，a wide range of意为“大范围的；各种各样的”。

7．be avoided 根据语意可知，前面所列的零食应该要避免，为被动关系。

8．in 根据语境可知，加工食品的营养价值低，low in nutritional value。

9．focus 这里是祈使句，提出一个建议，故填动词原形。

10．because 根据语意可以判断，前后两个分句为因果关系，故填because。