气切患者置胃管操作流程

气切患者置胃管操作流程英文回答：
Tracheostomy Patient Nasogastric Tube Insertion Procedure.
Materials:
Nasogastric (NG) tube, size 12-14 French.
Stethoscope.
Water-soluble lubricant.
Syringe containing 20-30 mL of water.
Tape or securing device.
Gloves.
Procedure:
1. Preparation:
Explain the procedure to the patient and obtain informed consent.
Gather materials and position the patient in a semi-Fowler's position.
Assess the patient's nostrils for any patency issues.
2. Tube Measurement and Lubrication:
Measure approximately 50 cm of NG tube from the nose to the earlobe to the xiphoid process.
Lubricate the distal 10-15 cm of the tube with water-soluble lubricant.
3. Tube Insertion:
Insert the lubricated portion of the NG tube into one of the nostrils.
Gently advance the tube while listening for air flow through the stethoscope placed over the epigastrium.
If air flow is not heard, withdraw the tube slightly and attempt to insert it into the other nostril.
4. Tube Verification:
Once the tube is approximately 50 cm in, inject 20-30 mL of water into the tube and listen for a coughing or gurgling sound in the stomach.
Perform an abdominal X-ray to confirm tube placement.
5. Tube Securement:
Secure the NG tube to the patient's nose with tape or a securing device.
If the patient has a tracheostomy, fasten the tube to the tracheostomy plate.
6. Post-Insertion Care:
Monitor the patient for any complications such as nausea, vomiting, or tube dislodgement.
Irrigate the NG tube with 30-50 mL of water every 4-6 hours to prevent clogging.
中文回答：
气切患者置胃管操作流程。

材料：
鼻胃管（NG），大小为 12-14 法国。

听诊器。

水溶性润滑剂。

注射器中装有 20-30 毫升水。

胶带或固定装置。

手套。

步骤：
1. 准备：
向患者解释手术程序并征得其同意。

准备好材料，并将患者置于半坐卧位。

检查患者的鼻孔是否通畅。

2. 管子测量和润滑：
从鼻子到耳垂再到剑突测量大约 50 厘米的鼻胃管。

用水溶性润滑剂润滑管子的末端 10-15 厘米。

3. 管道插入：
将润滑过的鼻胃管插入一个鼻孔中。

在将听诊器放在上腹部听取气流的同时，轻轻地推进管子。

如果没有听到气流，则将管子稍微拔出并尝试插入另一个鼻孔。

4. 管道验证：
当管子进入约 50 厘米时，向管子中注入 20-30 毫升水并倾
听胃中的咳嗽或咕噜声。

进行腹部 X 线检查以确认管道位置。

5. 管道固定：
使用胶带或固定装置将鼻胃管固定在患者的鼻子上。

如果患者有气管切开术，则将管子固定在气管切开术板上。

6. 置入后护理：
监测患者是否有任何并发症，例如恶心、呕吐或导管脱落。

每 4-6 小时用 30-50 毫升水冲洗鼻胃管，以防止堵塞。