人教版高中英语必修三高一下独立练习.docx

高中英语学习材料
***鼎尚图文理制作***
东北育才学校高中部2014-2015学年度高一下学年独立练习
英语科试卷答题时间：50分钟满分：100分
第二部分：阅读理解第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分, 满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Passage One
President Coolidge’s statement, “The business of America is business,” still points to an important truth today-that business institutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions posses this great prestige?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Actually, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’ dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.
A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, that democracy in preserving freedom.
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的) idea of inherited privilege.
1. The statement “The business of America is business” probably means “________”.
A) The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce
B) Business problems are of great importance to the American government
C) Business is of primary concern to Americans
D) America is a great power in world business
2. Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only ________.
A) when given equality of opportunity
B) through doing business
C) by protecting their individual freedom
D) by way of competition
3. Who can benefit from business competition?
A) Honest businessmen.
B) Both businessmen and their customers.
C) People with ideals of equality and freedom.
D) Both business institutions and government.
4. Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is
characterized by ________.
A) its absolute control of power
B) its function in preserving personal freedom
C) its role in protecting basic American values
D) its democratic way of exercising leadership
5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes ________.
A) Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries
B) in many countries success often depends on one’s social status
C) American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
D) businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
Passage Three
The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offer to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位，大卡) in
every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
6. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ________.
A) stressing their high quality
B) convincing him of their low price
C) maintaining a balance between quality and price
D) appealing to his buying motives
7. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.
A) thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B) the loaf was cut into regular slices
C) the bread was not genuine bread
D) the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
8. The passage tells us that ________.
A) sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
B) advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need
C) the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
D) fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
9. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ________.
A) think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
B) guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C) be familiar with various advertising strategies
D) avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
10. The passage is mainly about ________.
A) how to make a wise buying decision
B) ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C) the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D) the function of advertisements in promoting sales
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(E涂AB, F涂AC, G涂AD)
11 __When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使) by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. _ 12__Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by them.
13 ___Many successful men say that much of their success has something to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness.
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on. 14___ Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been avoided.
15____
A. There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great help.
B. Whether good or not habit are, they are easy to get rid of.
C. We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
D. Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed.
E. It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.
F. These are all easily formed habits.
G. It is therefore very important that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits.
第三部分：语言知识运用
第一节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
Customs (海关）officers at a London airport yesterday found 500,000 pounds worth of drugs which were being smuggled (走私) into Britain in boxes marked “Urgent Medical Supplies.” The __16__ might have suspected for some time __17__ drugs were being brought into the country in this way. The __18__ is believed to be the work of a __19__ international group. Four men were arrested at __20__ airport and help for questioning, __21__ it is unlikely that they are the organizers. In __22__ they declared that they were __23__ of what the boxes contained and __24__ acted in good faith in bringing __25__ into Britain. This is the third time __26__ six months that attempts have been made to smuggle __27__ goods through Customs
by declaring them to __28__ medical supplies. They are frequently __29__ in special containers and a __30__ is given that they may be __31__ if they are not handled with care. “__32__ are determined to put a __33__ to this practice,” said one of the Customs officers today. “__34__ is no way these people are going to get away __35__ this any longer. We have the full co-operation of the international police who are as anxious as we are to track down the main source of supply.”
16. A) authorities B) commanders C) leaders D) directors
17. A) what B) that C) although D) when
18. A) operation B) behavior C) movement D) development
19. A) well-constructed B) well-designed C) well-composed D) well-organized
20. A) an B) some C) the D) one
21. A) but B) so C) because D) as
22. A) turn B) return C) case D) fact
23. A) unconscious B) unaware C) unfamiliar D) unknown
24. A) were B) had C) have D) being
25. A) all B) it C) them D) such
26. A) of B) for C) by D) in
27. A) immoral B) criminal C) illegal D) irregular
28. A) get B) be C) become D) sell
29. A) parked B) picked C) passed D) packed
30. A) warning B) note C) symbol D) signature
31. A) harmed B) injured C) damaged D) hurt
32. A) Some B) We C) They D) Those
33. A) stop B) hold C) stay D) step
34. A) It B) This C) There D) That
35. A) off B) in C) for D) with
第二节：语篇填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题纸相应位置上。

Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world's great 36___ are located on rivers, and almost 37____country has at least one river flowing through it that plays 38____important part in the lives of its people. Since the beginning of history, people 39____（use）rivers for transportation. The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi, and the lifeline of Egypt is the Nile.40____transportation, rivers give water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun and recreation for the people 41____live along their banks. However, large cities and industries that are located on rivers often make problems. As the cities grow 42____size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes 43____（pollute）
with chemicals and other materials. People are learning the 44____（important）of doing more to keep their rivers clean45_______ they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource.
语篇填空：
36. _________ 37._________ 38. _________ 39.___________ 40._________ 41. _________ 42. _________ 43. _________ 44. __________ 45._________
第四部分：写作
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hi Susan,
I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday.
I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, and I
was hold up on my way back. Just before I turned corner of Park
Street, I happened to see an accident. A little girl was hurt and his
mother needed help. So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. I
stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all
right. When I got back, it were already 6 pm. I hope you understand.
Thank you!
Li Ling
阅读答案
1-5 C D B A B 6-10 D D A A C 七选五答案11-15 D G A F C
完型答案
16-20 A B A D C 21-25 A D B B C 26-30 D C B D A 31-35 C B A C D 语法填空答案
36-45 . cities
every/each
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have used
Besides
who
in
polluted
importance
if
改错答案Hi Susan,
I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday.
I mean to give it back to you before four in the afternoon, and I
meant but
was hold up on my way back. Just before I turned ^corner of Park held the
Street, I happened to see an accident. A little girl was hurt and his
her
mother needed help. So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. I
go
stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all there hours
right. When I got back, it were already 6 pm. I hope you understand.
Thank you! was
Li Ling。