完整word版,七年级名词讲解练习
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名词解说及练习
一名词:表示一类事物名称的词。
1.一般名词
可数名词
个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体。
比如pen /student/ desk;
集体名词:表示若干个体构成的会合体。
比如school /family/ class;
不行数名词
物质名词:表示没法分为个体的实物。
比如:tea /water /paper;
抽象名词:表示动作,状态,质量,感情等抽象观点。
比如:work /news/time.
2. 专出名词
某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名词。
比如: china/ the grate wall 二 .
名词单数变复数规则
1.一般状况下,直接加-s,如: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加 -es,如: bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为 i, 再加 -es,如: family-families, baby-babies.
4.以“ f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es,如: knife-knives, leaf-leaves.
5.以 o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a.加 s,如: photo — photos, piano — pianos ,kilo-kilos,
radio — radios,zoo — zoos; b.有生命的,加 es,如:potato — potatoes,tomato— tomatoes, hero — heroes(英豪 )
6.不规则变化:
① .改变部分字母:
woman- women 妇女,man- men 男人, policeman-policemen 警察
child-children 孩子, mouse-mice 老鼠 ,foot-feet 脚 , tooth-teeth 牙 ,
② .单、复数同形:
yuan 元 ,people 人、人民,Chinese 中国人, Japanese日自己 ,sheep绵羊 ,deer, fish,
③ .对于“国人”的复数:
中、日友善: Chinese-Chinese 中国人, Japanese-Japanese日自己
Englishman-Englishmen, 英国男人Englishwoman-Englishwomen 英国女人 ;
Frenchman-Frenchmen, 法国男人Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen 法国女人 ;
澳、加(真)美: Australian-Australians , Canadian- Canadians , American-Americans
三.不行数名词:(前面不可以用 a, an 和 one, tow 等基数词来修
饰)到当前为止我们所学的不行数名词有:
①液体类 (water) : juice( 果法 ) , tea(茶) , soup(汤) ,milk (牛奶) , cola(可乐) , coffee (咖啡) ,,juice( 果汁 )
②肉类 (meat): beef(牛肉) ,pork (猪肉) ,mutton(羊肉), chicken, fish, duck
③粉末类: bread(面包),
④抽象名词类: news(新闻,信息) ,information (信息) ,money (钱) ,advice(建意) , friendship (友情) ,work (工作) ,homework (家庭作业) ,housework(家务活) ,
schoolwork (学业 ,功课) ,help(帮助),fun (乐趣) ,health(健康) ,price (价钱)
⑤食品类( food) :broccoli(花椰菜) , rice(大米,米饭),porridge(粥 ) ,junk food (垃圾食品) ,chocolate(巧克力),tofu (豆腐)
⑥语言类: Chinese, English, French 等
四 .名词全部格:表示“(某人)的” :
①一般在名词后加’ s 构成。
如: Jim’s mother 吉姆的妈妈My teacher’ s desk 我老师的桌子the dog’ s name 那狗的名字
②若以 S 结尾词,则在 S 后加’.如: the boys’那些男孩的。
③表示几个人共同的东西,只在最后一个人后加。
如: Lucy and Lily ’ s mother 。
Lucy 和 Lily 的妈妈(两人是姐妹)
④表示几个人都分别有的东西,则每个都加。
如: Lucy ’ s and Lily ’s mothers . Lucy 的妈妈和 Lily 的妈妈(两人不是姐妹)⑤一般用 ...of...构造来表示无生命的名词全部格:
如: the door of the room 房间的门 a map of China 一张中国地图the photos of my sister 我妹妹的照片
⑥两重全部格,例: a friend of my father ’ s(我爸爸的一个朋友), a classmate of mine 五 .名词前的修饰词:
①放在可数名词复数前的有:many(很多) , few(极少,几乎没有), a few(一些) ,
②放在不行数名词复数前的有: much(很多) , little (极少,几乎没有), a little (一些)
③ (可数、不行数前)都可放的词有: a lot of ,lots of( 很多) , some (一些)
六 .有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如: goods 货物, waters 水域, fishes (各样)鱼, peoples 名族
七 .以 s 结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: 1. maths,politics ,physics 等学科名词,为不行数
名词,是单数。
2. news 是不行数名词。
3. the United States,the United Nations ( 结合国 ) 应视为单数。
4 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. << 一千零一夜 >>是一本特别风趣的故事书。
八 . 只有复数形式的名词。
Clothes, trousers(裤子 ) pants(裤子) ,shorts(短裤), glasses(眼镜) , scissors(剪刀 ),compasses(圆规)
注:物主代词不行与a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which 等词一同前置,修饰一个名词,而一定用两重全部格。
公式为:a, an, this, that + 名词 +of + 名词性物主代词。
如: a friend of mine.each brother of his.
复合名词应当属于一种构词法。
之因此把它放到名词来讲,是由于复合名词第一它也属于名
词,并且好多都是由名词 +名词构成。
经过它能够加深我们对名词的理解,扩大我们的词汇量。
如 :river bank 河岸,江岸winter clothes 冬季服饰kitchen table 厨房用的桌子
复合名词的意思一般都是构成词的意思而得出的。
比如,winter clothes 就是 winter冬季
+clothes 衣服 =冬季衣服。
不只是名词+ 名词 = 新名词。
复合名词还能够由其余方法构成。
比如,名词+ 动名词:
weight-lifting 举重;动名词 +名词: dining - room 餐厅,食堂等等写
出以下名词的单数或复数形式
bus ___________ sheep ___________woman ___________dress _______
story ___________ watch___________pencil-box___________
apple_______tree__________English________stamp___________baby______
tooth______student__________star________family___________farmer___________
peach_________ policeman___________fish__________ knife_________
box______ man________ child_______foot _________mouse________
可数名词用a/an 不行数名词用some 填空。
1、 _____book. 2._____tree 3._____fruit 4._____paper 5.____work
6.____job
7._____hour
8.______information
9._____air 10_____egg
11._____sheep 12._____meat 13.____music 14.____news 15.____bread
16.____money 17.____soup 18._____fish( 鱼肉
用以下名词的正确形式填空。
1. Is this __________(apple) ? No, it isn
2. What are’these?. They are ________( orange).
3. Give me _________(pencil ).
4. Give me some _________(egg)., please.
5. Are those your _______( shoe)? Yes, they are.
6. Those shoes are _______( Tom).
7. Is the big __________( orange)Linda’s? 8. There are two ________(knife) in the pencil-box.
9. This __________(T-shirt) is big. 10. How many _________(fish) are there in the river? 11.They have some new _________( hat) . 12. A pig ’ s ______ (ear) are big.
按要求写词
1. do not (缩写词 ) _______
2. Joe(名词全部格 ) _________
3. No. ( 全写形式 ) ___________
4.Tom(全部格 ) ________
5. Let ’s ( 详写形式 ) ________
6. feet ( 单数形式 ) ___________
7.he ( 宾格形式 ) _________
8. white ( 反义词 ) __________
9. see (近义词 ) _____________ 10.know( 形容词 ) _______11. my ( 对应复数 ) _______12. America ( 对应的形容词 ) ________ 13. man( 名词全部格 ) _____________ 14.there ( 同样发音的词) _______________ 将以下名词按要求分类
apple meat bird the Great Wall bread Tom orange kite river China bus story milk homework the
West Lake dish boy Beijing book snow
可数名词 ___________________________________________________-
不行数名词 _________________________________________________
专出名词 ___________________________________________________-
单词分类:选出不一样选项的单词
1.( ) .A. teacher B. nurse C. man D. worker
2.( ) A. his B. mine C. her D. ours
3.( )A. box B. pencil C. bag D. books
4.( )A. bird B. cat C. pig D. student
5.( )A. Monday B. August C. Thursday D. Friday
6.( )A.China B. America C. England D.Canadian
7.( )A. face B. mouth C. eye D. clock
用括号内名词的适合形式填空。
1.These are ___________---(blackboard)
2.We have _________(banana)
3.This is ________(apple)
4.What color are __________(flower)?Yellow.
5.Many_________(library) are inShanghai.
6.He has some ________(water).
7.Are you _________(student) ? Yes, we are. 8.Are they any _______(pear) trees in the garden?
9.Can you see the fifth______( tiger)?10.I can see six _______( peach) on that tree.
11.Where are the _________( potato)? 12.My father and my mother are _________(doctor) . 改错。
( )1. Let ’ s be good friend.
( ) 2.How many sheeps can you see under the tree? ( )
3.There are a boy and two girls in the classroom. ( )
4.My father and I see two football match now. ( )
5.We are in class Two Grade Six.
( ) 6.There are three pianos in our school.
单项选择
1.He often has _____ for breakfast.
A. tow breads
B. tow piece of breads
C. tow pieces of bread
D. tow pieces of breads
2. There are many ______there. A. an orange B. oranges C. potatos D. tomatos
3. Can I pick ___from your tree? A. some apple B. an apple C. apple D. a apple
4. Shall I put ___in your soup? A. sugar B. a sugar C. sugars D. an sugar
5.Will you please put ____in the hamburger?
A. a fish
B. some fish
C. some fishes
D. an fish
6.I don ’ t want to have ____but I like______.
A.meat, vegetable
B. meats , vegetables
C. meat, vegetables
D. meats, vegetable
7.All of the_____ are too short for him to wear.
A.clothe
B. cloth
C. clothes
D. cloths
8.There are more than 50____in China but there only three _____ in my family.
A.people, people
B. peoples, peoples
C. people, peoples
D. peoples, people
9. There is only a little _____ in the fridge. That’ s not enough for lunch.
A.chicken
B. a egg
C. chickens
D. eggs
10. I want some _____and_______for dinner.
A.onion, salt
B. onions salts
C. onions salt
D. onion salts
11. The ____bedrooms are upstairs.
A. childs ’
B. child ’ s
C. childrens ’
D. children ’s
12. A: Are you _____? B: No, we are _____.
A.English, Chineses
B. American, English
C. Americans, Englishes
D. a Chinese , an English。