【教育学习文章】Unit4 Attitudes towards Our Elders-grammar

Unit4 Attitudes towards Our
Elders-grammar学案
Unit4AttitudestowardsourElders-grammar学案省略一概述
省略是一种修辞,它的使用主要是为了避免重复,它不仅适用于书面语,而且在口语中更加明显.1概念为了表达简洁,或重点突出,常省去某个词,短语,甚至句子.这种形式就叫省略.Hesaid<that>hewouldpayavisittotheGreatwall thenextweek.Heisonlyaliveand<is>healthy.当在英语中也有许多的固定省略结构,这种省略其实是一种约定的历史文化,我们不需将其补充完整,即使按照语法可以这样做,也没有必要.如:Nopains,nogainsSeeingisbelievingoutofsight,outof mind2省略的目的和遵循的原则省略有两个目的1>语言简洁,结构紧凑.Iwonderwhenandwheretoholdthemeeting<when=when toholdthemeeting>---I'llgiveyouanecklaceasabirth daygift---Really?butwhen?<when=whenyouwillgiveit tome>2>重点突出,目标明确willyoutellmebywhomandforwhomitwasordered?<bywho
m=itwasorderedbywhom>---whowillbesenttocarryoutt heplan?---johnson它遵循的原则是不破坏结构或引起歧义TheyvisitingandwewillbevisitingtheHeavenTemple应改为TheyareandwewillbevisitingtheHeavenTemple二省略句的应用<一>简单句中的省略1主语的省略1>第一人称省略<I>hopetoseeyouagain2>第二人称在祈使句中的省略GoandseewhoitisDon'topenthewidow,oryoumaycatchacold 3>第三人称的省略<She>Doesn'tlookwell<Itisa>Pityhewon'th elp2动词的省略1>助动词省略,多在口语中Hi,Tom,whereyougoing?2>主动词省略.marydoesn'tspeakFrench,butjimdoes.TomcanspeakEng lish,andsocanLucy.---jimhaspassedtheexam---Sohehasa ndsohaveyou3>系动词省略<Are>youhungry?4>Therebe句型的省略<There>oughttobenobodyintheclassroom<Isthe re>AnythingIcandoforyou?5>在独立主格结构中being;havingbeen的省略,一般只适用于其后是介词或短语,如果是名词不省略Themeeting<being>over,theywenthomeBook<bei ng>inhand,heenteredtheroom.Itbeingsunday,wedid't
gotoschool.6>不定式to后动词的省略。

这类动词有expect,like,wish,hope,prefer;love;intend,mean,refus e等----wouldyouliketoattendtheparty?----I'dliketo另外，在haveto;needto'oughtto;begoingto;usedto后也省略主动词Idon'tliketostayuplate,butIusedtoIdon'twanttomeetth eman,butIhadto<二>从句中的省略1定语从句中的省略1>作宾语的关系代词which;that;whom的省略Doyouknowthegirl<whom>Italkedtojustnow?Haveyo useenthebike<which/that>IboughtfromTom?如果定语从句中的动词后的介词，放到关系代词前，那么关系代词不能省略。

2>作状语的关系副词when/where/why的省略Thatwasthelasttime<when>Imethim2状语从句中的省略当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be.1>连词<when;if;evenif;unless;once;until;as;than>+pp HedidtheworkaswellasexpectedIwon'tattendthepartyeve nifinvited2>连词〈when;while;though>+doingIcameacrosshimwhencros singonthestreet.Thoughworkinginsuchpoorconditions,h estillfinishedtheworkontime.3>连词<as,asif,once>+名词
onceathief,heworksasapolicemannow.4>连词<though,whether,when,if>+形容词Ifnecessary,pleaseapologizetoher5>连词<,while,asif,whether>+介词短语whileinEngland,helearnedaforeignlanguage.另外，我们也可以用so;not替代上文中的内容，此时常用ifso/notworkhardaroundtheclock.Ifso,youwillsucceed. youshouldfinishtheworkontime.Ifnot,youwillbepunishe d在某些形容词glad;ready;pleased;happy等后。

---willyoucarryouttheplan?---I'mgladto假如语境中有表示时态的have,havebeen,和be，常在答句中表现出来。

---whyhaven'tyouattendedthelecture?---I'dliketohave ,butitrainedheavily练习：1.Tomwantedtoplayfootballwithhisfriendsinthestreet, buthisfathertoldhim______.
A．notto
B．nottodo
c．nottoit
D．donotto
2.—Doyouthinkjackisgoingtowatchafootballmatchthisweeke nd?—_______.A．Ibelievenot
B．Ibelievenotso
c．Idon’tbelieveit
D．Idon’tbelieve
3.—whatdoyouthingmadethegirlsoglad?—_______abeautifulnecklace.A．Asshereceived B．Receivingc．Received
D．Becauseofreceiving
4.Fatheradvisedmenottosayanythinguntil________atthe meeting.A．asking
B．toask
c．asked
D．ask
5.—Haveyouwateredtheflowers?—No,but_______.A．Iam
B．I’mgoing
c．I’mjustgoingto
D．Iwillgo
6.—Hehasn’tgonetotheofficeuptonow.—well,he_______.A．should
B．oughtto
c．oughttogo
D．oughttohave
7.—Thewarisverylikelytobreakoutinthenearfuture.—I_____ifthesituationgoesasitis.A．hopeso
B．hopenot
c．amafraidnot
D．amafraidso
8.—yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.—______,butwhocaredwhatIsaid?A．Sooughtyou
B．SoIought
c．SoIdid
D．Sodidyou
9.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_____ __whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.
A．seeing
B．havingseen
c．tosee
D．tohavesen
0.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.
A．would
B．Should
c．Shall
D．If
1.—canIseeyouat3:00pmnextmonday?—I______.IwillhaveflowntoNewyorklongbeforethen.A．am afraidnot
B．amafraidso
c．amafraidto
D．amafraidnotto
2.—Isthatabookonfarming?Ifso,Iwanttoborrow_______.—yes,itis.A．this
B．it
c．one
D．theone
3._______,Iwillhelpyouwithyourwork.
A．IfIampossible
B．Ifitpossible
c．Ifpossible
D．Possible
4.—Howareyougettingonwithyourwork?—oh,I’msorry.Thingsaren’tgoingsowellas______.A．plans B．planning
c．planned
D．toplan
5.—Areyouavolunteernow?—No,butI_________.IworkedforthecitySportsmeetinglast year,A．usedto
B．usedtobe
c．usedtodo
D．wasusedto答案与解析：1．A不定式作宾语补足语时，其后的内容常被省略，只保留不定式符号to。

2．A3．BReceivingabeautifulnecklace后面省略了前文中的madethegirlsoglad。

4．c状语从句中省略了Iwas。

5．c6．D 承前省略的不定式后有助动词have时，不定式等号to后要保留have。

7．D8．c9．casiftosee是asifhewasgoingtosee 的活力说法。

10．B此处是对将来情况的假设。

虚拟条件句的谓语部分有should,had或were时，可把if省去，而把should,had或were放在从句的主语之前，构成主谓部分倒装。

11．A12．B13．cIfpossible是Ifitispossible的活力说法。

14．c15．B。