(英语)初中英语短语动词试题类型及其解题技巧及解析

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(英语)初中英语短语动词试题类型及其解题技巧及解析
一、短语动词
1.—How can we help the children in the mountain village?
—We can ____ leaflets to ask people to donate money.
A. give in
B. give off
C. give up
D. give out
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子?—我们可以散发传单号召人们
捐款。

give in屈服; 投降; 让步;give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃;give
out分发; 公布。

所以选D
2.—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light.
—Don't worry. I'll have it __________.
A. turn off
B. turned off
C. turned on
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:---抱歉我忘记关灯了。

---别担心,我将把它关掉。

turn off关掉;
turn on打开。

短语:have sth done,请人做某事,使某事被做。

此处宾语light与动词turn
off之间构成被动关系,用过去分词,故答案为B。

【点评】考查过去分词作补语,牢记固定搭配。

3.—Alice, don't put your things here, ___________. —OK, I will.
A. put away them
B. put on them
C. put them away
D. put them on
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:一爱丽丝,不要把你的东西放在这儿,把它们放好。

一好的,我会
的。

put away放好,抛弃,储存。

put on穿上,上演,增加;两个词组在运用时,当宾语是
代词时都放在词组中间。

因为第一句things是复数,所以用代词them 来代替。

由句意可
知选C。

4.If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time.
A. look through
B. look around
C. look after
D. look down upon
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你想多了解太空,请浏览《时间简史》这本书。

look through
浏览;look around环顾四周;look after照顾;look down upon瞧不起。

根据句意,故答案
为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

熟记短语,理解句意,根据语境判断选项。

5.If he keeps on working so hard, he'll under the pressure of work.
A. break down
B. break away
C. break out
D. break into
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:如果他继续这么努力工作,他会在工作的压力下垮掉的。

break down出故障,抛锚;(健康)垮掉。

break away脱离;break out爆发;break into闯入。

根据句意,故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记短语,理解句子,根据句意判断。

6.The traveler ______ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after
B. looked up
C. looked for
D. looked down
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:旅行者为了确保自己不会迷路去查阅地图。

A.照顾;B.查阅;C.寻找;D.瞧不起,向下看。

此处应是查阅地图,以防迷路,故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

注意选项的词义和用法。

7.— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?
— Of course.
A. sit
B. sleep
C. smoke
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——打扰一下,我可以坐这儿吗?——当然。

take a seat坐下,sit 坐;sleep睡眠;smoke抽烟。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

8.一 Bob isn't at home. Then where is he?
一 Sorry I have no idea where he's gone.
A. don't know
B. remember
C. don't care
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——Bob不在家,那么他在哪儿呢?——对不起,我不知道他去哪
儿了。

have no idea不知道。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

9.The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A. give up
B. clear up
C. end up
D. make up 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线,但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。

give up放
弃;clear up清理干净;end up结束;make up 编造,弥补。

根据句意可知,船走的路线不同,但是都在同一个地方结束,即都去同一个地方。

故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

10.一 It's difficult to fix my mind on what I'm doing.
一 I think you need some rest. Why not have a rest first?
A. give up
B. focus on
C. talk about
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——很难把思想集中在我正在做的事情上。

——我觉得你需要休息。

为什么不先休息呢?fix one's mind on把思想集中在……上;give up放弃;focus on集中(注意力);talk about谈论。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语。

11.It's six o'clock.It's time to get up.Please .
A. wake up him
B. wake him up
C. heat up him
D. heat him up
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:6点了,该起床了,请把他叫醒。

wake up叫醒;heat up加热。

“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是,注意代词放在动词后副词前,故选
B。

【点评】考查动词短语
12.He never ____learning English .That was why he was successful at last.
A. gave in
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave away
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他从不放弃学英语,那就是他最后成功的原因。

give in 屈服,让步;give out发出(光,热等);分发;give up放弃;give away泄露(秘密等),故选C。

【点评】考查短语辨析。

13.When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.
A. compare with
B. look forward to
C. pay attention to
D. try out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:当你参观博物馆的时候,你应该注意说明。

compare with比较;look forward to盼望;pay attention to注意;try out试验。

根据句意故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

14.I stood on the top of Mount Tai and ________ to the small village below me.
A. looked down
B. looked after
C. looked up
D. looked through
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我站在泰山顶上,俯视我脚下的小村庄。

look down,俯视,look after,照顾,look up,向上看,look through,看穿,根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai,可知village在脚下,因此是俯视,故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据题干判断语境。

15.– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class.
– Sorry, I won't do that again.
A. take out
B. take away
C. take off
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】A. take out取出,去掉,出发, B. take away带走,拿走,取走, C. take off起飞,脱下,离开。

句意:Jenny,如果你在教室使用手机,老师将会把它拿走。

故选
B。

【点评】考查动词短语的用法。

16.It's not a good habit to _______what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. take off
B. put off
C. get off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。

A脱掉,B推迟,C下车,根据what you can do today till tomorrow,可知是推迟,故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合适的用法。

17.The 2022 Winter Olympics will __________ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
A. take up
B. take place
C. take part
D. take on
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行,设立中国的首都
变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。

A. take up占据;从事; B. take place举行;C.
take part参加;D. take on承担。

结合语境,故选B。

18.Progress suggests a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment and it must
______ a better life and a better way of doing things.
A. lead to
B. devote to
C. make up
D. take up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:进步意味着一个人改变他现在生活方式的能力,它必须带来更好
的生活和更好的做事方式。

A. lead to 导致;B. devote to 奉献,致力于; C. make up 编造;D. take up从事。

根据句意可知,答案为A。

19.I'll go to visit your uncle as soon as I Beijing.
A. get to
B. will get to
C. got to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我一到北京就去看望你的叔叔。

主句是一般将来时,as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。

故选A。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时的用法,注意记忆as soon as 引导的时间状语从句一般现在
时表将来和固定词组的用法。

20.My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.
A. me up, will arrive in
B. up me, arrives at
C. up me , arrives at
D. me up, arrives in
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。

call sb. up是固定短语,给
某人打电话,跟代词时,代词要放在中间;arrive in到达大地方;arrive at到达小地方。


海是一个大城市,应该用in。

根据句意可知选D。

【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。

call sb up表示给某人打电话,但是当sb是代词形式时,要把代词放中间;arrive in到达城市或者国家,arrive at到达小的地方。

21.The house is dangerous to live in. It should be
A. looked up
B. left out
C. thrown away
D. pulled down
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:住在这房子里很危险。

应该把它拆掉。

A. looked up查阅;B. left out遗漏,忽略; C. thrown away扔掉;D. pulled down推倒。

危房应该推倒重建,故答案
为D。

22.“One Belt(带),One Road”will s erve to________markets for China as well as other countries along.
A. put up
B. set up
C. take up
D. open up
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:“一带一路”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。

A.put up举起,张贴; B.set up建立;C.take up占据,从事; D.open up开放;结合句意和语境可知是
开放市场。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语动词。

牢记固定动词短语的意义。

23.— Did you have fun camping on that hill?
— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.
A. give up
B. put up
C. turn up
D. stay up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你在山上野营玩得开心吗?——实际上不是。

找一个合适的
地方搭帐篷是不容易的。

A. give up放弃;B. put up张贴; 举起,建造; C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大;D. stay up熬夜。

搭帐篷用put up tents表示。

结合句意,故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

掌握短语的意义和用法。

24.Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _______ after a talk with each other.
A. make up
B. put up
C. set up
D. look up
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架了。

但是现在他们谈过之后又和好
了。

A.make up 和好,弥补,化妆; B. put up 举起,张贴,搭建; C.set up建立;D.look up 向上看,查阅。

根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了,故选A。

【点评】考查短语辨析,注意动词短语的积累及运用。

25.—Have they thought of ways to solve the problem?
—Yes. They have suggestions of their own.
A. come up with
B. had no idea for
C. cancelled out
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——他们已经想出了解决问题的方法了吗?——是的。

他们已经
想出了他们自己的建议。

A. 想出,B. 没有主意, C. 取消,根据thought of, 想出,和Yes, 根据Yes,可知应该是已经想出建议,故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据语境选出合适的选项,牢记这些短语。

26.—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next
Monday.
—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational
A. leave for
B. be away from
C. go on a trip to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——多好的新闻!Eric将会是代理联合国的代表,下星期一动身
去纽约。

——是的,他最后成功了。

我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。

set off for: 动身去,相当于leave for, 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据语境判断出划线词的意义,选出意义相同的选项,确保替代
后句子通顺,意思不变。

27.If you want to get good scores, you had better the test papers before you hand them in.
A. go away
B. go over
C. go on
D. go by
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你想取得好成绩,你交试卷前最好仔细检查试卷。

go away
走开;go over仔细检查;go on继续;go by经过;(时间)过去。

根据句意,故答案为
B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记短语,根据句意,根据语境判断答案。

28.A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time.
A. sent up
B. given up
C. set up
D. put up
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间,学校贴了一张通知。

A.sent up射出;B.given up放弃;C.set up建立;D.put up张贴;主语是 a notice,张贴广告用动词词组
put up,故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。

牢记短语词义和用法。

29.Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.
A. look after
B. think about
C. take after
D. worry about
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲,她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有
一个方的脸。

A.look after照顾,B.think about考虑,C.take after长得像,D.worry about担心。

根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像,可知空缺处填入长起来像,take after,故选C。

【点评】考查了短语动词,注意take after的用法。

30.There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _______ the old bridge over the small river.
A. washed away
B. went away
C. kept away
D. ran away
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:昨天有一场暴风雨。

洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。

wash away冲走;go away离开;keep away使远离;run away逃跑。

根据句意,故答案为A。

【点评】
考查动词短语辨析,熟记与away构成的动词短语,在理解句意的基础上判断答案。

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