高中英语非谓语动词(整理)

注: prefer 的用法：
prefer doing… to doing… prefer to do… rather than do… would rather do… than do… I prefer waiting here to staying at home. I prefer to wait here rather than stay at home. I would rather wait here than stay at home.
e.g. He works. He wants to work here. He is working now.
The meeting held last week is very important.
非谓语动词
不定式 to + v 动词的v-ing 过去分词 v-ed
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish. 主语
The bike needs to be repaired. The room needs repairing.
2) be worth doing… be worthy to be done / be worthy of being done
这本书值得一读。
The book is worth reading The book is worthy to be read. The book is worthy of being read.
4. 介词but, except, besides + to do ,但是如果这 些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么, 介词 后的不定式不用to.
5. 一些特定结构中: why not do… (为什么不做…) had better do …(最好做…) would rather do … (宁愿；宁可 )
8) can’t help (to) do 表示不能做，无助于 can’t help doing 表示请不自禁
9) used to do
表示过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing 表示习惯于做某事
注：need/want/require; worth/worthy 的特殊用法
1) need/want to be done = 2) need/want doing 需要(含被动意义)
(It is foolish to do that sort of thing.)
I want to see you this evening. 宾语
My job is to teach English. 表语
Do you have anything to say? 定语
She came here to study English. 状语
She asked me to
注①：在很多情况下，特别是在口语中， 常采用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。
It’s a great pleasure to be here. It is not an easy thing to master a language.
注② ：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下 文或情景中看出，也可以由“ for /of + 名词词组” 来表示，如：
remember / forget doing 表示记得/ 忘记 做过某事
I remembered to post the letters. I remembered posting/having post the letters.
2) try to do 设法努力做某事 try doing 尝试着做某事
A. being badly treated B.treating badly C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.
练习 1. —The light in the office is still on.
The man was made to move his car by the policeman.
2. 在 would rather … than …, rather than, 等 结构后的than之后不用to.
3. 在 can’t but, can’t choose but, can’t help but , do nothing but, 之后的不定式不用 to
Three years later he had a chance to go to Australia.
He failed in his attempt to escape from prison.
作宾补 advise allow expect force
ask cause encourage get inform invite
She objects to _d_is_c_u_s_s_in_g_the problem now. (discuss)
He devoted himself to _e_s_ta_b__li_sh__in_g_the new theory. (establish)
I have been accustomed to _w_o_r_k_i_n_g_in that company since I came here. (work)
㈡.进行式( to be doing) 所表示的动作和谓
没有被动式
语动词同时发生。 （正在进行）
1. I am very glad to be working with you. 2. He is said to be coming.
㈢.完成式（to have done)
被动式：to have been done
F. 下面的to是介词，而不是不定式
be/get accustomed to, be/get used to, in addition to, +
He is used to _l_i_v_in_g____in that city. (live) I’m looking forward tose_e_in_g___you soon. (see)
非谓语动词
1
什么是非谓 语动词啊？
那不是谓语 是什么呢？
“非谓语非谓语”, 就是不是谓语的动词 呗!
。。。。。。
英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构 如果出现更多动词： • 加连词（and / but / so…） • 放入从句 • 变为非谓语动词
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语
非谓语：无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓 语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。
Made Curie was the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes.
The best way to keep fit is to develop healthy eating habits.
2. 当修饰词是名词 : ability, way, chance , attempt, plan, failure 等, 这时用不定式作定语, 对所修饰词起补充说明的作用.
E. 有些动词后面既可跟不定式to do，又可跟动名
词 doing，但是意义不一样，如 remember, forget, try, stop, go on, mean, regret, like /love, can’t help, propose 等等
1) remember / forget to do 表示记得/ 忘记 要去做某事
3) go on to do 表示接着做另外一件事情 go on doing 表示接着做原来的那件事
4) stop to do 表示停下来去做另外一件事情 stop doing 表示停止做某事
5) mean to do 表示打算，意欲做某事 mean doing 表示意味着，意思是
6) regret to do 表示很遗憾要去做某事 regret doing 表示很遗憾已经做过的事情
（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）.
I heard them sing a pop song .
We watched them play football .
注: 这些动词若用于被动语态,不定式必须加to
I would rather have a cup of tea. 我宁愿喝茶。 You had better go back. 你还是回去的好。 Why not see a film tonight?
注意 (what,when,where, which ,who ,how)
B. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.
Can you tell me where to get the book?
注意
D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
In addition to _d__o_in_g__his own work well, he is ready to help others.(do)
不定式的时态和语态
主动
被动
一般式 to do 进行式 to be doing
to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done 否定式 在to 前加 not
It was difficult for me to do the work. It’s kind of you to think so much of us.
作定语
下列情形用不定式作定语
1. 由the only, the first, the last, the next以及序 数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词,常用不定式 作定语.
做独立成分
1. To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you. (老实说)
类似的短语有: to be frank, 坦白说 to be exact, 确切的说 to begin with, 首先, 第一
注意 A . 不带to的不定式
to 1 .有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel
动词不定式的时态和语态
㈠. 一般式( to do ). 所表示的动作在谓
语动词之后发生。
被动式：to be done （将要…）
1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 3. He didn’t like to be laughed at.
不定式的动 作发生在谓 语动词之前。 （已经做过）
1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.
3. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.
order permit remind request teach
tell want warn enable wish
1. 她叫我呆在这儿。 She asked me to stay here.
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。
Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.