高一英语 unit1 grammar 牛津英语
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today.
▪ 6 The police have just finished
finish)searching the area.
(just
▪ We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear or important. We use it with time expressions such as:
already ever for just lately never recently since yet
already,yet;for,since
▪ We use already for affirmative statements and yet for negative statements.
▪ On meeting someone, you may say: I haven’t seen you for ages.(But I see you now.)
▪ For a past action whose time is not definite and often has a result in the Байду номын сангаасresent.
▪I
(not see)Justin since last
Fhraidveanyont isgehent
.
▪ We also use the present perfect tense to
talk about something that started in the
past, and is still happening now.
days. He disappeared last Friday. ▪ 5 They bought this house three years ago and they
have lived here since then.
6 My brother went to see my grandpa last week. He has visited him three times this month.
▪ He smoked for six months.(It means that he stopped smoking then.
▪ Sometimes, however, the action finishes at the time of speaking.
▪ It has been very cold lately but it’s just beginning to get warmer.
▪ Answers: (2) have been talking (3)
Unit 3 Grammar
Present perfect tense
▪ Go over the news story on Page 2 and find the sentences using the present perfect tense.
▪ Please explain why the tense is used in these sentences.
▪ c.f.
▪ We haven’t seen Justin for a week.(He is still missing.)
▪ Justin disappeared last week.(It may mean that this week Justin is here.)
▪ He has smoked since he left school.(He still smokes.)
their daughter was born.
▪ 3 I have read (read) your article three times.
It’s well written.
▪ 4 The student has finished
homework already.
(finish) her
▪ 5 Eric has gone (go) back to his hometown
1 Tom has had a bad car crash.(He’s probably still in hospital now.)
Tom had a bad car crash.(But he’s probably out of hospital now.)
2 The lift has broken down.(We have to use the stairs.)
The uses of the Present perfect continuous tense
▪ 1I
have been waitingfor an hour and he still
hasn’t turned up.(wait)
▪ 2 I’m so sorry I’m laHtaev.e been waitingyou
▪ The present perfect tense is normally used for an action which lasts throughout an incomplete period, but with the past simple tense, we use time expressions which a fixed point in the past.
▪ Tom has rung up three times this morning.(Now it is still in the morning.)
▪ Tom rang up three times this morning.(Now it is not still in the morning.)
▪ 2 They moved to the south in 1990 and have lived there since then.
▪ 3 Eric left home last year and has just come back. ▪ 4 Justin has been away from home for several
The present perfect tense and the past simple tense
▪ 1 ‘ Have you seen my pen?’ ‘Yes, I saw it on your desk just now.’(see)
▪ 2 ‘ Have you had dinner?’ ‘Yes, I had it with Mary.’(have)
Complete the following sentences with the proper tense.
▪ 1 We have studied (study) English for about
five years.
▪ 2 They have lived (live) in the south since
▪ Look at the following sentences and point out what tense or tenses are used in them and the reasons why they are used.
▪ 1 We have studied English for about five years. We began to study it five years ago .
▪ (2) saw (3) has visited (4) loves (5) hasn’t visited (6) has swum (7) has never met (8) has dived (9) has found (10) hasn’t found (11) Has, been
▪ Present perfect continuous tense
▪ 3 Have the postman come yet this morning? Did the postman come this morning?(come)
5 I have known him for a long time. Hello! I didn’t know (not)you were here in Nanjing. How long have you been here?(know) ▪
▪ We use for + a period of time and since + a point in time.
▪ He has just gone out.(=He went out a few minutes ago.)
▪ We use the present perfect tense here to tell others that he isn’t here now.
The uses of the present perfect tense
▪ The disappearance of
Justin
(make)Kelly very unhaphpays. made
• We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.
▪ We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions, that is, we use the present perfect tense with the time expressions once/twice/three times…
▪ I have just heard the news.(Now I know the news.)
We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago. In this case, just is used. Pay attention to the position of just.
long?
▪ We sometimes use the Present perfect
continuous tense to talk about actions that
started in the past and are still continuing, or
have just finished but are still connected to the
▪ Actions occurring in an incomplete period might be indicated by today or this morning /afternoon/evening/week/month/year/century or all day/night/week, all the time, always etc.
The lift broke down.( But it’s probably working again now.)
▪ Read the diary entry and then complete it using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
present in some way.
▪ Go over Points 1 and 2 on page 9.
The form of the Present perfect continuous tense
▪ We form the present perfect continuous tense with have/has been and the present participle of the verb.
▪ 6 The police have just finished
finish)searching the area.
(just
▪ We use the present perfect tense when the exact time of an action is not clear or important. We use it with time expressions such as:
already ever for just lately never recently since yet
already,yet;for,since
▪ We use already for affirmative statements and yet for negative statements.
▪ On meeting someone, you may say: I haven’t seen you for ages.(But I see you now.)
▪ For a past action whose time is not definite and often has a result in the Байду номын сангаасresent.
▪I
(not see)Justin since last
Fhraidveanyont isgehent
.
▪ We also use the present perfect tense to
talk about something that started in the
past, and is still happening now.
days. He disappeared last Friday. ▪ 5 They bought this house three years ago and they
have lived here since then.
6 My brother went to see my grandpa last week. He has visited him three times this month.
▪ He smoked for six months.(It means that he stopped smoking then.
▪ Sometimes, however, the action finishes at the time of speaking.
▪ It has been very cold lately but it’s just beginning to get warmer.
▪ Answers: (2) have been talking (3)
Unit 3 Grammar
Present perfect tense
▪ Go over the news story on Page 2 and find the sentences using the present perfect tense.
▪ Please explain why the tense is used in these sentences.
▪ c.f.
▪ We haven’t seen Justin for a week.(He is still missing.)
▪ Justin disappeared last week.(It may mean that this week Justin is here.)
▪ He has smoked since he left school.(He still smokes.)
their daughter was born.
▪ 3 I have read (read) your article three times.
It’s well written.
▪ 4 The student has finished
homework already.
(finish) her
▪ 5 Eric has gone (go) back to his hometown
1 Tom has had a bad car crash.(He’s probably still in hospital now.)
Tom had a bad car crash.(But he’s probably out of hospital now.)
2 The lift has broken down.(We have to use the stairs.)
The uses of the Present perfect continuous tense
▪ 1I
have been waitingfor an hour and he still
hasn’t turned up.(wait)
▪ 2 I’m so sorry I’m laHtaev.e been waitingyou
▪ The present perfect tense is normally used for an action which lasts throughout an incomplete period, but with the past simple tense, we use time expressions which a fixed point in the past.
▪ Tom has rung up three times this morning.(Now it is still in the morning.)
▪ Tom rang up three times this morning.(Now it is not still in the morning.)
▪ 2 They moved to the south in 1990 and have lived there since then.
▪ 3 Eric left home last year and has just come back. ▪ 4 Justin has been away from home for several
The present perfect tense and the past simple tense
▪ 1 ‘ Have you seen my pen?’ ‘Yes, I saw it on your desk just now.’(see)
▪ 2 ‘ Have you had dinner?’ ‘Yes, I had it with Mary.’(have)
Complete the following sentences with the proper tense.
▪ 1 We have studied (study) English for about
five years.
▪ 2 They have lived (live) in the south since
▪ Look at the following sentences and point out what tense or tenses are used in them and the reasons why they are used.
▪ 1 We have studied English for about five years. We began to study it five years ago .
▪ (2) saw (3) has visited (4) loves (5) hasn’t visited (6) has swum (7) has never met (8) has dived (9) has found (10) hasn’t found (11) Has, been
▪ Present perfect continuous tense
▪ 3 Have the postman come yet this morning? Did the postman come this morning?(come)
5 I have known him for a long time. Hello! I didn’t know (not)you were here in Nanjing. How long have you been here?(know) ▪
▪ We use for + a period of time and since + a point in time.
▪ He has just gone out.(=He went out a few minutes ago.)
▪ We use the present perfect tense here to tell others that he isn’t here now.
The uses of the present perfect tense
▪ The disappearance of
Justin
(make)Kelly very unhaphpays. made
• We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.
▪ We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions, that is, we use the present perfect tense with the time expressions once/twice/three times…
▪ I have just heard the news.(Now I know the news.)
We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago. In this case, just is used. Pay attention to the position of just.
long?
▪ We sometimes use the Present perfect
continuous tense to talk about actions that
started in the past and are still continuing, or
have just finished but are still connected to the
▪ Actions occurring in an incomplete period might be indicated by today or this morning /afternoon/evening/week/month/year/century or all day/night/week, all the time, always etc.
The lift broke down.( But it’s probably working again now.)
▪ Read the diary entry and then complete it using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
present in some way.
▪ Go over Points 1 and 2 on page 9.
The form of the Present perfect continuous tense
▪ We form the present perfect continuous tense with have/has been and the present participle of the verb.