五年级英语阅读题型及解题技巧

部编五年级英语阅读题型及解题技巧
小学英语阅读理解一般分选择填空、判断、回答问题、完形填空四类。

①做任何阅读理解首先要通读全文，弄懂句意，千万不得马虎。

②做好选择填空最好用排除法，首先排除语法、词法上的错误，再根据短文内容逐一排除每一个选项。

在排除每一个选项的过程中要细心，要明白排除每一项的原因，如果有几项看似都对，那就要考虑生活实际，排除不符合的。

如果实在排除不了其它选项，先要考虑自己有没有看错短文中的细节，只要题目不错，肯定有正确答案的。

③做判断题更加需要细心，先要明白需要判断的语句主要讲的意思，然后再在文中找与此相关的语句，逐一对比，一旦发现哪有明显的不同，立刻做标记（×）。

④回答问题要怎么问，怎么答，尽量用原文的句子回答，不要把单词抄错，回答后也要通读一遍，检查是否与原文相符，有没有语法、词法上的错误。

⑤完形填空也要用排除法，如果出现一个单词的多种形态，要利用语法常识逐一排除；出现几个意义相近的单词，要考虑每个单词的用法；
若出现几个不同意义的单词，就考虑每个单词放在文中是否合理。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
I'm Jane. My birthday is on the seventh of May. Last week, I had a birthday party. Many friends went to my house. They gave me lots of presents. Tom gave a new bag to me. Mary gave me a pet dog. I liked them very much.
（1）Jane's birthday is on the seventh of March.
（2）Jane had a birthday party last week.
（3）Many friends went to Jane's house.
（4）Tom gave a new bag to Jane.
（5）Mary gave a pet dog to Jane.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了简的生日是五月七日，在聚会中，许多朋友给了她很多礼物。

（1）句意：简的生日是在3月7日。

根据 I'm Jane. My birthday is on the seventh of May. 可知简的生日是五月七日，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：简上星期有一个生日聚会。

根据 Last week, I had a birthday party. 可知上周简举行了一个生日聚会，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：许多朋友去了简家。

根据 Many friends went to my house. 可知许多朋友去了简
家，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：汤姆给了简一个新包。

根据 Tom gave a new bag to me. 可知汤姆给了简一个新包，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：玛丽把一只宠物狗给了简。

根据 Mary gave me a pet dog. 可知玛丽把一只宠物狗给了简，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
Today is Sunday. It's Betty's birthday. She is twelve years old. She is at home with her parents now. They're going to have a birthday party. Her father is decorating the house. Her mother is making the birthday cake. Betty is washing some apples, pears and grapes. All of them are very busy. The party will start at seven o'clock in the evening. Betty's friends, Kate, Joan, Mike, Tom, Rose and Jack will come to the party. They will give Betty some presents. The children are going to sing and dance at the party. Betty's mother will play the piano for them. Betty's father will take photos of them. I think they will have a good time at the party.
（1）Today is Betty's birthday.
（2）Betty's father is making the birthday cake now.
（3）The party will start at 8:00 in the evening.
（4）Betty's friends are going to come to her birthday party.
（5）Betty's mother is going to play the piano at the party.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了今天是贝蒂的生日，父母正在为聚会做准备
（1）句意：今天是贝蒂的生日。

根据 Today is Sunday. It's Betty's birthday. 可知今天是贝蒂的生日，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：贝蒂的父亲正在做生日蛋糕。

根据 Her father is decorating the house. 可知贝蒂的父亲正在装修房子，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：晚会晚上八点开始。

根据 The party will start at seven o'clock in the evening. 可知晚会晚上七点开始，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：贝蒂的朋友们要来参加她的生日聚会。

根据Betty's friends, Kate, Joan, Mike, Tom, Rose and Jack will come to the party. 可知贝蒂的朋友们要来参加她的生日聚会，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：贝蒂的母亲要在晚会上弹钢琴。

根据 Betty's mother will play the piano for them. 可知贝蒂的母亲要在晚会上弹钢琴，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解根据表格中所提供的信息，判断句子正误。

（2）Books are on Shelf A.
（3）Fish is on Shelf C, but vegetables aren't on Shelf C.
（4）Fruit and fish are on Shelf D, but meat is on Shelf E.
（5）Milk and vegetables are on Shelf F.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：描述A到F架子上摆放的食物和物品。

（1）句意是水果，鱼肉和蔬菜摆放在B架上。

根据表格B行√提示内容可知，只有鱼肉fish和水果fruit在B架上。

故选错误。

（2）句意是书本在A架上。

根据表格A行√内容可知，书本确实在A架上。

故选正确。

（3）句意是鱼肉在C架上，但是蔬菜没在C架上。

根据表格C行√内容可知，只有蔬菜在C架上。

鱼肉没在C架上。

故选错误。

（4）句意是水果和鱼肉在D架上，但是肉摆放在E架上。

根据表格D行和E行√可知，事实确实如此。

故选正确。

（5）句意是牛奶和蔬菜在F架上。

根据表格F行√可知，牛奶和蔬菜确实摆放在F架上。

故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

注意根据表格提示信息进行题意的判断。

5．阅读理解阅读小短文，判断对错
Mike is new at school, but he has many friends at school. He likes playing football with his classmates. He likes talking with Lily on the phone. He often gets emails from his friends. They email him photos, too. He often reads books in the library. Books are his friends, too.
（1）Mike likes playing basketball.
（2）He often calls Mary.
（3）He often email photos to his friends.
（4）He often gets emails from his classmates.
（5）Mike often reads books in the library.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了迈克在学校是新来的，在学校有许多朋友，他经常和同学们踢足球，和莉莉通电话，他们经常收到朋友的电子邮件和照片，经常在图书馆看书。

（1）句意：迈克喜欢打篮球。

根据He likes playing football with his classmates. 可知迈克喜欢和同学们踢足球。

故答案为错误。

（2）句意：他经常打电话给玛丽。

根据He likes talking with Lily on the phone. 可知他经常打电话给莉莉。

故答案为错误。

（3）句意：他经常给朋友发照片。

根据He often gets emails from his friends. They email him photos, too. 可知他经常收到朋友的电子邮件。

故答案为错误。

（4）句意：他经常收到同学的电子邮件。

根据He often gets emails from his friends. 可知他经常收到朋友的电子邮件。

故答案为错误。

（5）句意：迈克经常在图书馆看书。

根据 He often reads books in the library. 可知迈克经常在图书馆看书。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解读短文，选择正确答案。

Hello, I'm Mike. I am ten years old. My favourite food is salad. It's healthy. I often play football on the weekend. I have two good friends.
They're Sarah and John, Sarah is helpful at home. She often washes her clothes on the weekend. She likes ice cream. She thinks it's sweet, John is a funny boy. His favourite food is sandwiches. They're delicious. What does he do on the weekend? Oh! He often does his homework.
（1）Mike likes __________.
A. salad
B. ice cream
C. hamburgers.
（2）Mike often __________ on the weekend.
A. does homework
B. plays football
C. washes clothes
（3）Sarah is a __________ girl.
A. helpful
B. shy
C. quiet
（4）John is a __________ boy.
A. friendly
B. funny
C. quiet
（5）Are Mike and John good friends?
A. I don't know.
B. No, they aren't.
C. Yes, they are.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了迈克和他的两个好朋友莎拉和约翰。

（1）根据 My favourite food is salad. 可知迈克最喜欢的食物是沙拉。

故答案为A.
（2）根据 I often play football on the weekend. 可知迈克经常在周末踢足球。

故答案为B.（3）根据 They're Sarah and John, Sarah is helpful at home. 可知莎拉在家里很有帮助。

故答案为A.
（4）根据 John is a funny boy. 可知约翰是个有趣的男孩。

故答案为B.
（5）根据 I have two good friends. They're Sarah and John .可知肯定回答。

故答案为C.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。