大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷261(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷261(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading Comprehension
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
Once they decided to have children, MiShel and Carl Meissner tackled the next big issue: Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShel’s brother had become blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a【C1】______passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 per cent chance of having the condition. A girl would be【C2】______. The British couple’s inquiries about gender selection led them in 1999 to Virginia, US where a new sperm (精子)-separation technique, called MicroSort, was under【C3】______. When MiShel became pregnant, she gave birth to a daughter. They will try to have a second daughter using the technique later this year. The technique separates sperm into two groups—those that carry the X-chromosome (producing a female baby) and those that carry the Y-chromosome (producing a male baby). The technology was developed in 1990s, but last month’s opening of a laboratory in California【C4】______the company’s first expansion. “We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have【C5】______to it,”said Keith L. Blauer, the company’s clinical director. This is not only a【C6】______effective way to select a child’s gender. It also brings a host of ethical (伦理的) and practical considerations—especially for the majority of families who use the technique for【C7】______reasons. The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a gender-linked【C8】______disease and to allow those who already have a child to ‘balance”their family by having a baby of the opposite sex The technology is still【C9】______. However, Blauer says the company has an impressive success rate: 91 per cent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 per cent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful. The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X-chromosome is larger than the Y-chromosome. A machine is used to【C10】______the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly. The result is then checked using another type of DNA analysis to ensure that it contains mostly X-or Y-bearing sperm. The desired sample is then used for artificial insemination (授精) or test tube fertilization. A. genetic B. overlapped C. marked D. unaffected E. perpetually F. investigation G. access H. feat I. disorder J. gropes K. experimental L. seemingly M. elicit N. nonmedical O. distinguish
1．【C1】
正确答案：I
解析：此处应为单数名词。

根据该句中的blind一词可以知道句中提到的condition其实是一种“疾病”，“不正常的情况”，显然disorder为本题答案。

知识模块：词汇理解
2．【C2】
正确答案：D
解析：此处应为动词的分词形式或形容词，表示女孩的状态。

根据该段对这种遗传病的描述可以知道生女孩可以避免遗传到这种病，因此，空白处的单词应该表明“没事”、“不受影响”等，因此本题答案为unaffected。

知识模块：词汇理解
3．【C3】
正确答案：F
解析：此处应为名词，可与under搭配，表明精子分离技术的现状。

在名词词库中，investigation是最适合本题的词，under investigation表明这种技术正处于发展研究当中。

知识模块：词汇理解
4．【C4】
正确答案：C
解析：此处应为动词过去式。

本句的内容表明实验室的启动“标志”着该公司的第一次扩张，因此答案为marked。

知识模块：词汇理解
5．【C5】
正确答案：G
解析：此处应为名词，可与have和to搭配成have n．to sth．的词组。

根据搭配的要求在名词词库中寻找，可以发现access为本题答案。

have access to…意为“有权／能够使用”。

知识模块：词汇理解
6．【C6】
正确答案：L
解析：此处应为副词，形容这种新技术有效使用的程度或范围。

根据上文描述的个案，可以知道这种技术“看起来”很有用，而在副词词库中，seemingly 具有与此相同的意思，因此本题答案为seemingly。

知识模块：词汇理解
7．【C7】
正确答案：N
解析：此处应为修饰成分，可为名词、形容词或动词的分词。

从破折号前的
ethical and practical considerations可以知道空白处提到的原因可能有悖伦理标准，即并非处于医学上的需要而使用了这种技术，由此可见，nonmedical是本题答案。

知识模块：词汇理解
8．【C8】
正确答案：A
解析：此处应为修饰成分，可为名词、形容词或动词的分词。

从本文首段提到的个案和本句提到的gender-linked可以推断空白处的单词应表明“遗传性”疾病，因此genetic为本题答案。

知识模块：词汇理解
9．【C9】
正确答案：K
解析：此处应为形容词或动词的分词，作句子的表语。

从本句中的still和下句However引出的内容可以知道，这种技术虽然成功率很高，但研究仍没有定论，因此本题答案应为experimental，表明技术仍处于“试验阶段”。

在形容词词库中，nonmedical也可用于形容technology，但很明显，本文提到的技术就是与医学有关的，所以不选。

知识模块：词汇理解
10．【C10】
正确答案：O
解析：空白处应为原形动词。

该句中的size differences和sort都表明机器起到“筛选”、“分辨”的作用，因此本题答案为distinguish。

知识模块：词汇理解
The greenhouse effect causes trouble by raising the temperature of the planet. The【C1】______rise is not very much, but the Earth’s ecosystem is very weak, and small changes can have large effects. It has been believed that this【C2】______of one degree will happen by the year 2025. This could probably【C3】______the North American corn belt, which produces much of the world’s grain,【C4】______to much higher food prices, and even less food for the Third World than they already have. However, it would also mean that some countries which are further north would be able to【C5】______crops they had never been able to before, although there is less land as you move north from the corn belt. The other serious worry is that rising sea levels from the melting of the polar ice could【C6】______flood many countries. A rise in sea levels of one meter, which many experts are【C7】______by the year 2100 (and some as soon as 2030), would flood 15 percent of Egypt, and 12 percent of Bangladesh. The Maldives in the Indian Ocean would almost【C8】______disappear. Most of the countries which would suffer most from a rise in sea levels are the poor【C9】______states, so the islands in the Caribbean, South Pacific, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean have formed the Alliance of Small Island States, AOSIS, so they have a【C10】______voice in international politics and can make the
richer developed world listen to their problems. A. severely B. damage C. island D. critical E. grow F. mainland G. louder H. predicting I. rise J. completely K. geometry L. actual M. extending N. leading O. develop
11．【C1】
正确答案：L
解析：此处应为形容词，修饰rise。

原句but后面的信息表示现实中，虽然温度的变化很小，但还是会对地球生态造成严重的影响，由此可以推断，空白处应为表明“现实的”或“真实的”等意思，因此本题答案为actual。

知识模块：词汇理解
12．【C2】
正确答案：I
解析：此处应为名词。

空白处前的this一词表明空白处说的内容在上一段提到过，而从后面的degree一词可以推断空白处说的与温度有关，对比上一段，只有rise合适。

知识模块：词汇理解
13．【C3】
正确答案：B
解析：此处应为动词，且是及物动词的原形。

上文提到温度的变化会对地球生态造成负面的影响，由此可以推断，空白处动词应具有消极意义(贬义)，因此答案为damage。

知识模块：词汇理解
14．【C4】
正确答案：N
解析：此处应为动词的分词，与to搭配构成句子的状语，表明玉米带被破坏后带来的粮食价格上涨的后果，因此答案为leading。

知识模块：词汇理解
15．【C5】
正确答案：E
解析：此处应为动词，且为及物动词的原形，宾语是crops。

从本句中的however一词可以知道，本句说的与上文相反。

上文说到有些地区因为天气变化而导致农作物歉收，而本句应该说一些北部的国家可以种植一些以前不能种植的农作物，因此空白处的动词应表明“种植”、“成长”等意思，词库中grow和develop 都有“成长”之义，但是只有grow可与crops搭配，表明“种植”农作物，因此本题答案为grow。

知识模块：词汇理解
16．【C6】
正确答案：A
解析：此处应为副词。

词库中两个副词在词义上都适合原文，但下一句提到15％和12％，这表明那些国家并不会被完全淹没，因此此处应为severely，而不是completely。

知识模块：词汇理解
17．【C7】
正确答案：H
解析：此处应为动词，且为现在分词，与are构成本句的谓语。

从本句提到的时间by the year 2100等可以推断空白处的动词表明对将来的“猜测”，因此答案为predicting。

知识模块：词汇理解
18．【C8】
正确答案：J
解析：此处应为副词。

从空白处前的almost与其后的disappear可以推断，本句表明马尔代夫诸岛将会被几乎完全淹没，因此本题答案为completely。

知识模块：词汇理解
19．【C9】
正确答案：C
解析：此处应为形容词或名词，修饰states。

根据本句语义，可以推断海平面上升影响最大的是贫穷的岛国，另外，本句中的结果分句(由so引出)中的主语islands一词也起到了提示的作用，因此空白处应为island一词。

知识模块：词汇理解
20．【C10】
正确答案：G
解析：此处应为形容词，修饰voice。

词库中适合修饰voice的形容词只有louder，表明贫穷的岛国联合起来就能在国际上发出更强的声音。

知识模块：词汇理解
Many people wonder why some men want to live on the moon It is【C1】______not the kind of place where most men would choose to live. But man has always moved to new areas. Some scientists hope that continued work will be done on the moon. Many experiments will be done there more【C2】______. Some large【C3】______are very easy to do in a place without air. Matter can be heated to very high temperatures without【C4】______change when it is in such a place. Air, dust, and clouds cannot【C5】______man’s view of space from the moon. The very high or very low temperatures and low gravity on the moon will be used for many experiments. One very important use of the moon will be to【C6】______spaceship.
Man might be able to learn much about his own body by living on the moon. He would be living in a habitat that he made for himself. Man would be in control of the 【C7】______of life in which he lives.【C8】______could be removed from the air in this community. Gravity is the one thing that would not be under man’s control. Some scientists believe the low gravity of the moon would be【C9】______for man. The heart would not have to work so hard. The body would need less energy to move than it does on the earth However, the human body might change during long stays on the moon Much exercise would probably be needed to keep the body in good【C10】______. A. community B. condition C. launch D. insight E. chemical F. mysterious G. experiments H. probably I. healthful J. easily K. extend L. render M. promptly N. block O. bacteria
21．【C1】
正确答案：H
解析：此处应为副词。

根据下一句的But，可知此句要与“人们总是向新的区域迁移”形成转折关系。

结合从句中的would，再对比词库中的副词，只有probably最合适。

知识模块：词汇理解
22．【C2】
正确答案：J
解析：此处应为副词。

联系下一句中的very easy to do in a place without air，可以推断该副词为easily。

知识模块：词汇理解
23．【C3】
正确答案：G
解析：由该句谓语are可知此处应为名词复数。

对比上一句中的many experiments will be done及本句are very easy to do的结构，可知该词与上一句中的experiments为同一类别，因此experiments为本题答案。

知识模块：词汇理解
24．【C4】
正确答案：E
解析：此处应为形容词。

根据上下文提到的experiments，matter，temperatures 等词，可以推断该句提到的变化是与物理或化学有关的，词库中最合适的是chemical。

知识模块：词汇理解
25．【C5】
正确答案：N
解析：此处应为动词原形。

结合上下文的内容，block最合适，block man’s view of space意为“挡住人们观看太空的视线”。

知识模块：词汇理解
26．【C6】
正确答案：C
解析：由前面的to可知此处应为及物动词的原形，spaceship是其宾语。

结合本段内容，可以推断此处说的是发射宇宙飞船，即launch spaceship。

知识模块：词汇理解
27．【C7】
正确答案：A
解析：由前面的the可知此处应为名词，作in control of的宾语。

根据其后的定语从句in which he lives，以及下一句中的this community，可知答案为community。

知识模块：词汇理解
28．【C8】
正确答案：O
解析：此处应为名词。

根据本句中的be removed from the air，可以推断该名词应表消极意义，且是空气中的某种物质，因此bacteria最合适。

知识模块：词汇理解
29．【C9】
正确答案：I
解析：此处应为可与for搭配的形容词或动词分词，与would be构成从句的谓语。

根据后面两句所述心脏负荷减轻，身体消耗更少能量，可知此词应表积极意义，因此答案为healthful。

知识模块：词汇理解
30．【C10】
正确答案：B
解析：此处应为名词，与in good构成搭配。

根据上一句的内容，及本句中的much exercise等词，可以推断本句表明如何保持身体健康，即keep the body in good condition。

知识模块：词汇理解。