Book 5 unit 3 语法解析

语法：分词作状语和定语
1.-ing分词做定语时一般修饰正在进行的事。

即现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

单独的-ing分词做定语时通常前置，-ing分词短语做定语时通常后置。

He rushed into the burning house.
(1)The child _______(stand) over there is my brother.
(2)Please tell the children_______(play)outside not to make so much noise.
2.-ing分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语，且句子的主语为分词动作的发生者，它们之间的关系是主动关系。

(See)________ the house on fire, he dialed 119.
(Return)________to my house , I found my watch missing.
6.-ing分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在主句谓语的动作之前，它的主动语态的形式为“having + -ed分词”，被动语态的形式为“having bee n + -ed分词”。

(sell)___________ the million copies of his books, Ray is currently the best scientific fiction writer.(科幻小说作家)
(1)ed分词短语做定语时通常后置。

All books borrowed from the library must be returned before the end of the term.
(2)如果-ed分词所表示的动作此刻正在发生或与谓语动词同时发生，应用-ing分词的被动式，即“being + -ed分词”。

The bridge _____________(build)now will be completed next year.
(3)如果-ed分词所表示的将要发生的动作，应用不定式的被动式，即“to be + - ed分词”。

The novel ___________(publish)next month will be a good seller.
4. -ed分词做状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，句子的主语一般为分词动作的接受者，它们之间的关系是被动关系。

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
强化练习：
1.._____many times , but he still couldn't understand it .
2. _____many times , he still couldn't understand it .
A.Having been told
B. Told
C. He was told
D. Though he had been told
3. ______to the left , you'll find the post office .
4. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office .
5. ______to the left , and you'll find the post office .
A. Turning
B. To turn
C. Turn
D. Turned
6.______from space , the earth looks blue .
7.______from space , we can see the earth is blue .
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. To see
D. See
8.The building ______now will be a restaurant .
9. The building ______next year will be a restaurant .
10. The building ______last year is a restaurant.
A. having been built
B. to be built
C. being built
D. built
高考链接：
1.（安徽卷）30._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk.
B. Walking
C. Walked
D. Having walked
2（福建卷）22. ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.
A. Waiting
B. To wait
C. Having Waited
D. To have
3（福建卷）33. – Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?
A. seat
B. sit
C. seated
D. sat
4（湖南卷）26. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down
B. blown down
C. blowing down
D. to blow down
5（湖南卷）30. _____ the project as planned, we’ll ha ve to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing
B. Complete
C. Completed
D. To complete
6（陕西卷）14. _________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. Having shown
B. To be shown
C. Having been shown
D. To show
7(四川卷)14. We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the experiment.
A. wait
B. to be waiting
C. waited
D. waiting
8（北京卷）24. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.A. Seeing B. To see C. See D seen
9（天津卷）4. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw
B. Thrown
C. Throwing
D. Being thrown
10（09福建）6. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding
B. Reminded
C. To remind
D. Having reminded。