2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题

2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题
(五)
Interact use appears to cause a drop in psychological health, according to research at Carnegie Mellon University.
Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more bad feelings and loneliness than those who was online less frequently, the two-year study showed. Researchers are puzzling over the results, which were completely contrary to their expectations. They expected that the Net would prove socially healthier than television, since the Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.
The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may account for the drop in psychological health, researchers hypothesized (推测). Faceless, bodiless“virtual”(虚的) communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation, and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that exposure to the wider world
through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.
“But it' s important to remember this is not about the technology, it' s about how it is used,”says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel, one of the study' s sponsors (发起人). "It really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications and services for technology. "
1. What's the finding of the research undertaken at Carnegie Mellon University?
A) People spend more time on the Internet now.
B) People spend less time with their families and friends now.
C) The Net proves socially healthier than television.
D) Internet use may cause a drop in psychological health.
2. What had the researchers expected before the research?
A) The Net may account for the drop in psychological health.
B) Internet use may improve social health.
C) Internet use has nothing to do with social health.
D) Spending much time on the Internet makes people feel bad and lonely.
3. Which is not true according to the passage?
A) The Net allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others.
B) Internet communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation.
C) Undeveloped Internet technology causes the drop in psychological health.
D) The wider world through the Net makes users less satisfied with their lives.
4. What does Christine Riley, the psychologist, suggest?
A) It's necessary to take social factors into account in designing applications and services for technology.
B) It's important to tell the users how to design and apply the technology.
C) Compared with social factors, the technology itself has more influence on the Internet users.
D) No social factors should be considered in applications and services for technology.
5. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?
A) How to Use the Internet
B) Disadvantages of the Internet
C) Social Factors and the Internet
D) Internet May Cause Bad Feelings
正确答案：DBCAD
2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题
(四)
Martin Luther King Jr.
By the time the Montgomery Improvement Association chose the 26-year-old Martin Luther King Jr. as its leader, the hours-old bus boycott by the black citizens of Montgomery, Alabama, was already an overwhelming success. King would later write that his unanticipated call to leadership "happened so quickly that I did not have time to think in through." "It is probable that if I had, I would have declined the nomination."
Although press reports at the time focused on his inspiring oratory, King was actually a reluctant leader of a movement initiated by others.(The boycott began on Dec. 5 1955.) His subsequent writings and private correspondence reveal man whose inner doubts sharply contrast with his public persona. In the early days of his involvement, King was troubled by telephone threats, discord within the black community and Montgomery's "get tough" policy, to which king attributed his jailing on a minor traffic violation. One night, as he considered ways to "move out of the
picture without appearing a coward," he began to pray aloud
and, at that moment, "experienced the presence of the God as I had never experienced Him before."
He would later admit that when the boycott began, he was not yet firmly committed to Gandhian principles. Although he had been exposed to those teachings in college, he had remained skeptical. "I thought the only way we could solve our problem of segregation was an armed revolt," he recalled. "I felt that the Christian ethic of love was confined to individual relationships."
Only after his home was bombed in late January did king reconsider his views on violence. (At the time, he was seeking a gun permit and was protected by armed bodyguards.) Competing with each other to influence King were two ardent pacifists: Bayard Rustin, a black activist with the War Resisters League, and the Rev. Glenn E. Smiley, a white staff member of the Fellowship of Reconciliation. Rustin was shocked to discover a gun in King's house, while Smiley informed fellow pacifists that King's home was "an arsenal."
1. What did King think of his nomination as leader of the Montgomery Boycott?
A) He hadn't expected it.
B) He had to think about it carefully.
C) He would refuse to accept it.
D) He was prepared to accept it.
2. Why was King unwilling to lead the movement at
first?
A) Because he doubted if the boycott would be successful.
B) Because he was troubled with a traffic accident at that time.
C) Because he thought he was too young to be a leader.
D) Because he himself didn't start the boycott.
3. Which of the following is Not mentioned as something that happened at the beginning of the black people's movement?
A) King was put into prison.
B) Black people disagreed with each other.
C) King's armed revolt proposal was turned down.
D) Black people found it hard to accept the policy pursued in Montgomery.
4. Which of the following was the immediate cause that made King change his view on violence?
A) The education he received in college.
B) The attack of his home.
C) The influence of two active non-violence advocates.
D) The verdict of the Supreme Court.
5. In Paragraph 4, the last sentence "King's home was 'an arsenal'" means
A) King's home was a place where people got together.
B) King's home was a place where people tested bombs.
C) King's home was a place where weapons were stored.
D) King's home was a place where bombs exploded.
正确答案：ADCBC
2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题
(三)
Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone - far from it. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or
slightly positive effect on children's development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence
indicate that early care is reasonable for infants. 练习：
1. Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?
A) Statistical studies should be carried out to assess the positive effect of day care for children at the age of three or older.
B) Early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.
C) The first three years of one's life is extremely important to the later development of personality.
D) Children under three get used to the life at nursery schools more readily than children over three.
2. Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby's work?
A) mothers should not send their children to day care centers until they are three years or older.
B) Day care nurseries have positive effects on a
child's development.
C) A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.
D) Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable effects on a child's personality. 3. It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that
A) the parents-child relationship is more exclusive in modern societies.
B) a child more often grows up with his/her brothers or sisters in traditional societies. C) mother brings up
children with the help of her husband in traditional societies.
D) children in modern societies are more likely to develop mental illness in later years. 4. Which of the following statements is NOT an argument against Bowlby's theory?
A) many studies show that day care has a positive effect on children's development.
B) Day care is safe, otherwise there wouldn't be so many nursery schools.
C) Separation from parent for very young children is common in some traditional societies. D) Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.
5. Which of the following best expresses the writer's attitude towards early day care?
A) Children under three should stay with heir parents.
B) Early day care has positive effects on children's development.
C) The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.
D) The effects of early day care on children are
exaggerated and parents should ignore the issue.
正确答案：CAADC
2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题
(二)
Dining Custom
Every land has its own dining custom， and the United States is no exception. Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time. If a person is invited to dinner at 6：30， the hostess expects him to be there at 6：30 or not more than a few minutes after. Because she usually does her own cooking， she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come. If he is late， the food will not be so good， and the hostess will be disappointed. When the guest cannot come on time， he calls his host or hostess on the telephone， gives the reason，and tells at what time he thinks he can come.
As guests continue to arrive， the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she has found a chair. A man always rises when he is being
introduced to a woman. A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.
When the guests sit down at a dinner table， it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.
Even an American may be confused by the number of knives， forks， and spoons beside his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner. The rule is simple， however， use them in the order in which they lie， beginning from the outside. Or watch the hostess and do what she does. The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad， which is often served with the soup. The spoon on the outside at the right is for soup， and so on. Sometimes there is a separate little knife， called a butter spreader， on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left. As the bread is passed， each guest puts his piece on the bread-and-butter plate.
1. As a country of immigrants， the U.S. does not have its own dining customs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. At a dinner table， it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. At formal American dinner， the knives， forks， and spoons beside the plate are placed in a certain order.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The right order to use the knives， forks and spoons at a formal dinner is from the left to the right.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. At a formal dinner， bread is usually served together with salad and soup.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
KEY： BABCABC
2021年成人英语三级学位英语阅读理解练习题
(一)
Plants and Mankind
Botany， the study of pants， occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We don't know what our stone Age ancestors knew about plants， but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist， a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things， even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people， not only for food， but also for clothing， weapon， tools， dyes， medicines， shelter，
and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is
probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all.
Unfortunately， the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants， and the less distinct out knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge， and few people will fail to recognize a rose an apple or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors， living in the Middle East about 10，000 years ago， discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season，the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture： cultivated crops. From then on， humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants， rather than getting a little here and a little there from many
varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade
1. It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. People cannot survive without plants.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10，000 years ago.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. Once mankind began farming， they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
Key： AABBBAB。