2020年人教版英语必修三课时作业Unit 2 Section 2

Unit 2SectionⅡ
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．—I didn't go to work yesterday because my car broke down.
—You could have borrowed mine.I wasn't using it then.
解析：考查情态动词＋have done。

句意：——由于我的车坏了，昨天我没有去上班。

——你本来能够用我的车，当时我并不用车。

事情发生在过去，could have done“本来能够做……”，暗含实际上没有做。

2．Sometimes his present job can be boring，and he has to work for long hours a day.
解析：句意：有时他现在的工作有可能很没趣，并且他一天中还必须工作很长时间。

can 表示事情一时的可能性。

3．We are given a special holiday，so we needn't go to work tomorrow.
解析：句意：我们有个特别的假期，所以我们明天不必去上班。

needn't“不必”；shouldn't“不应该”。

4．—Sorry，Professor Smith.I didn't finish the paper yesterday.
—Oh，you should have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
解析：答语句意：哦，你本该做完的，因为昨天就是最后期限。

此处用should have done 表示“本该做某事而实际上未做”。

5．Tom had(have)to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
解析：句意：汤姆上周末不得不拒绝了去派对的邀请，因为他当时很忙。

本句使用have to表示“不得不”，这里用提示动词的一般过去时叙述过去发生的动作。

6．I will_have(have)to write a report about“Jane Eyre”next week，but I haven't got the book yet.
解析：句意：我下个星期就要写关于《简·爱》这本书的读书报告，但我还没弄到这本书。

语境的时间状语表明这里说的是将来的动作，用提示词的一般将来时will have to do sth.。

7．Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you had told me，I could have_helped(help)．
解析：句意：你上周为什么不告诉我你的麻烦呢？要是告诉我了，我本可以帮你的。

语境叙述过去的动作，if条件句表明，这个主从复合句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时主句谓语用could have done表示“本来可以做某事”。

8．George can't have_gone(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.
解析：句意：乔治肯定没有走太远，他的咖啡还是热的呢。

这里用can't have done表示对延续到现在的情况的否定推测。

9．Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He must_have_drunk(drink) too much at the party last night.
解析：考查情态动词的用法。

句意：Harry感到不舒服。

他一定是在昨晚的聚会上喝了太多的酒。

由第一句中的“uncomfortable”及第二句中的时间状语“last night”提示，此处强调对过去发生动作的推测。

用must have done。

10．—Why are your eyes so red? Youcan'thave slept well last night.
—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.
解析：考查情态动词的用法。

句意：——你的眼为什么那么红？昨晚你肯定没睡好。

——是的，我熬夜写一篇报道了。

can't have done表示对过去的否定推测。

由句中的“so red”及时间状语“last night”提示，此处强调对过去发生动作的否定推测。

11．Mark needn't have hurried.After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.
解析：考查情态动词。

句意：马克本来不必那么匆忙的。

在高速驾驶之后，他提前半个小时到达了。

根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用needn't have done结构，表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”。

12．They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。

句意：他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。

should have done“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。

but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达。

13．We've had a good start，but next，more work needsto_be_done/doing(do) to achieve the final success.
解析：考查情态动词的用法。

句意：我们有了好的开端，但接下来，为获得最终的成功，
更多的工作需要做。

need既可用作情态动词也可用作实义动词，在本句中用作实义动词，need doing＝need to be done。

14．I needn't use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
解析：本题考查情态动词。

句意：我没有必要用闹钟来叫醒自己因为每天早上六点火车从我家旁边经过。

needn't意为“不必”，符合语境。

15．(2019·江苏卷)But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the decline.
解析：句意：但是在他们得到保证之前，还必须付出更多的努力，因为野生鹤的数量正在减少。

由句意可知，must表示主观上的必须。

故填must。

Ⅱ.选词填空
1．You mustn't go there alone；it's too dangerous.(mustn't/needn't)
2．It's so near；weshouldn't have taken a taxi.(shouldn't/can't)
3．You oughtn't_to have spent so much time playing computer games.(mustn't/oughtn't to) 4．—Shall I leave the room so that you two can talk?
—No，you needn't.(mustn't/needn't)
5．He can't have missed the train；he arrived at the train station two hours early.(can't/mustn't) 6．We'll be very glad if you can join us in going camping.(can/may)
7．They had_to stay in the office last night because of the snowstorm.(have to/must)
8．We should have helped him；in that case，he would have been able to finish the work.(should/can)
9．From what you said，she must have told you all about it.(can/must)
10．Immediate action ought_to be taken，like stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment.(may/ought to)
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ，B)
Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries，strawberries are highest in vitamin C，although，because of their seeds，raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质)，iron and zinc(not that fruits have much protein)．Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质)．The yellow and orange
stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries(樱桃)，they are so delicious who cares？However，they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits，frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick，cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”．For this purpose，select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter.Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.Frozen bananas will last several weeks，depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a_juicer，you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert，to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children's party；they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，并告诉我们它们富含的营养和可以制成的美食。

1．What does the author seem to like about cherries？C
A．They contain protein.
B．They are high in vitamin A.
C．They have a pleasant taste.
D．They are rich in antioxidants.
解析：细节理解题。

由第二段中的“As for cherries, they are so delicious who cares？(至于樱桃，它们味道甜美，(至于其他方面)谁会在乎呢？)”可知，C项陈述与之吻合。

2．Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？B
A．To make them smell better.
B．To keep their colour.
C．To speed up their ripening.
D．To improve their nutrition.
解析：细节理解题。

根据题干中的fresh lemon juice可以定位到第三段最后部分。

由“If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.”可知，往香蕉上挤一些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。

3．What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph？D
A．A dessert.B．A drink.
C．A container. D．A machine.
解析：词义猜测题。

最后一段中画线词处的语境提到“喂食”(feed in)，“吐出”(out comes)，“放进机器的顶部” (into the top of the machine)，从这些信息词判断画线词指的是一种机器，因此选D。

4．From which is the text probably taken？B
A．A biology textbook. B．A health magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.
解析：推理判断题。

本题考查文章的出处。

从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的果实，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。

因此本文应该摘选自健康类的杂志。

故选B项。

Ⅳ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”1.E According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
2．A If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈)．3.G In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.4.C It gives us a great feeling of peace.
5.D While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D．
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G．All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。

1．解析：关联逻辑法解题。

空格前一句说我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格后一句说答案是肯定的。

由此可判断E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。

本设空类型属于细节理解类。

2．解析：设题位置法解题。

根据空格后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。

如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。

所以本段主要说的是呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺。

”符合语境。

本设空类型属于段落主题句类。

3．解析：词汇锁定法解题。

空格后的“these places”与G项中的recovery centers相呼应，因此G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园。

”符合语境。

本设空类型属于细节理解类。

4．解析：关联逻辑法解题。

空格前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的康复有益，空格后一句说“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉。

”由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处，故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发。

”本设空类型为细节理解类。

5．解析：设题位置法解题。

空格后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。

这应该是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光。

”符合语境，D项中的sunlight与空格后的“the sun's rays”相呼应。

本设空类型属于段落主题句类。

Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

One doctor became the greatest surgeon in the country and became the president of the。