初二英语科学发现过程曲折练习题40题(带答案)

初二英语科学发现过程曲折练习题40题(带答案)
1.Scientists need patience and ______ to make scientific discoveries.
A.curiosity
B.boredom
ziness
D.happiness
答案解析：A。

选项A“curiosity”意为“好奇心”，科学家进行科学发现需要耐心和好奇心。

选项B“boredom”是“无聊”，选项C“laziness”是“懒惰”，选项D“happiness”是“幸福”，这三个选项都不符合科学发现所需要的品质。

2.The process of scientific discovery is often full of ______.
A.easiness
B.difficulties
C.simplicity
D.certainty
答案解析：B。

选项B“difficulties”意为“困难”，科学发现的过程通常充满困难。

选项A“easiness”是“容易”，选项C“simplicity”是“简单”，选项D“certainty”是“确定性”，这三个选项与科学发现的实际过程不符。

3.Scientists face many ______ when conducting experiments.
A.challenges
B.advantages
C.opportunities
D.pleasures
答案解析：A。

选项A“challenges”意为“挑战”，科学家在做实验时会面临很多挑战。

选项B“advantages”是“优势”，选项C“opportunities”是“机会”，选项D“pleasures”是“快乐”，这三个选项不太符合科学家做实验时的情况。

4.Scientific discoveries require a lot of ______ and hard work.
A.intelligence
B.luck
C.creativity
D.beauty
答案解析：C。

选项C“creativity”意为“创造力”，科学发现需要很多创造力和努力工作。

选项A“intelligence”是“智力”，选项B“luck”是“运气”，选项D“beauty”是“美丽”，这三个选项不是科学发现最主要的要求。

5.In the process of scientific discovery, scientists must be ______ and careful.
A.careless
B.hasty
C.patient
D.impatient
答案解析：C。

选项C“patient”意为“耐心的”，在科学发现的过程
中，科学家必须耐心且细心。

选项A“careless”是“粗心的”，选项B“hasty”是“匆忙的”，选项D“impatient”是“不耐烦的”，这三个选项与科学家应有的品质相反。

6.Scientific research often involves a lot of ______ data.
eless
B.valuable
C.harmful
D.meaningless
答案解析：B。

选项B“valuable”意为“有价值的”，科学研究经常涉及很多有价值的数据。

选项A“useless”是“无用的”，选项C“harmful”是“有害的”，选项D“meaningless”是“无意义的”，这三个选项不符合科学研究的数据特点。

7.Scientists use different ______ to conduct experiments.
A.methods
B.games
C.stories
D.jokes
答案解析：A。

选项A“methods”意为“方法”，科学家用不同的方法进行实验。

选项B“games”是“游戏”，选项C“stories”是“故事”，选项D“jokes”是“笑话”，这三个选项与进行实验无关。

8.The results of scientific experiments need to be ______ and accurate.
A.wrong
B.correct
C.vague
D.uncertain
答案解析：B。

选项B“correct”意为“正确的”，科学实验的结果需要可靠且准确。

选项A“wrong”是“错误的”，选项C“vague”是“模糊的”，选项D“uncertain”是“不确定的”，这三个选项不符合实验结果的要求。

9.Scientific discoveries can bring great ______ to human society.
A.harm
B.trouble
C.benefit
D.loss
答案解析：C。

选项C“benefit”意为“益处”，科学发现能给人类社会带来巨大的益处。

选项A“harm”是“伤害”，选项B“trouble”是“麻烦”，选项D“loss”是“损失”，这三个选项与科学发现的积极作用不符。

10.Scientists need to have a strong sense of ______ to pursue the truth.
A.pride
B.modesty
C.curiosity
D.responsibility
答案解析：D。

选项D“responsibility”意为“责任感”，科学家需要有强烈的责任感去追求真理。

选项A“pride”是“骄傲”，选项
B“modesty”是“谦虚”，选项C“curiosity”是“好奇心”，这三个选项虽然
11.Scientists ______ many experiments before they made the important discovery.
A.have done
B.had done
C.do
D.did
答案解析：B。

本题考查过去完成时。

句子中“before they made the important discovery”表明在做出重要发现之前科学家们已经做了很多实验，“做实验”这个动作发生在“做出重要发现”之前，过去的过去要用过去完成时。

12.The theory ______ by many famous scientists in the past few years.
A.has been discussed
B.was discussed
C.is discussed
D.discusses
答案解析：A。

本题考查现在完成时的被动语态。

“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，且“theory”是被讨论，要用被动语态。

13.If more efforts ______, the scientific research will be more successful.
A.are made
B.will be made
C.make
D.made
答案解析：A。

本题考查条件状语从句中的时态和语态。

if 引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时表将来，且“efforts”是被做出，要用被动语态。

14.The experiment which ______ last week was very successful.
A.was carried out
B.carried out
C.is carried out
D.carries out
答案解析：A。

本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。

“last week”表明是过去的时间，“experiment”是被进行，要用被动语态。

15.Scientists are still working hard although they ______ a lot of difficulties.
A.meet
B.met
C.have met
D.will meet
答案解析：C。

本题考查现在完成时。

“although”引导的让步状语从句中，“科学家们一直在努力工作”说明他们已经遇到了很多困难，用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。

16.The discovery ______ great influence on people's lives in the
future.
A.will have
B.has
C.had
D.is having
答案解析：A。

本题考查一般将来时。

“in the future”是一般将来时的标志词。

17.When the scientist entered the lab, he found that the experiment ______ already.
A.had started
B.started
C.starts
D.is starting
答案解析：A。

本题考查过去完成时。

“When the scientist entered the lab”是过去的时间，“发现实验已经开始”，“开始”这个动作发生在“进入实验室”之前，过去的过去要用过去完成时。

18.The scientific research ______ unless more funds are provided.
A.will stop
B.stops
C.stopped
D.is stopping
答案解析：A。

本题考查一般将来时。

“unless”引导的条件状语从
句中，“除非有更多的资金提供”，否则科研将会停止，用一般将来时。

19.The results of the experiment ______ by the end of next month.
A.will be announced
B.are announced
C.were announced
D.have been announced
答案解析：A。

本题考查一般将来时的被动语态。

“by the end of next month”是一般将来时的标志词，且“results”是被宣布，要用被动语态。

20.The scientist said that the theory ______ further tested in the coming months.
A.would be
B.is
C.was
D.will be
答案解析：A。

本题考查过去将来时的被动语态。

“said”表明是过去时，“在接下来的几个月里理论将被进一步测试”是从过去看将来的动作，要用过去将来时，且“theory”是被测试，要用被动语态。

21.Scientists have to work hard to make new discoveries. They are always on the lookout for new ideas and information. The phrase “on the lookout for” means _____.
A.looking for
B.finding
C.searching for
D.hunting for
答案解析：A。

“on the lookout for”的意思是“寻找”，与“looking for”意思相同。

“finding”强调找到的结果；“searching for”和“hunting for”更强调费力地搜寻。

22.The scientist spent months on end doing research. The phrase “on end” means _____.
A.continuously
B.in a row
C.without stopping
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“on end”可以表示“连续地”“一个接着一个地”“不停地”，所以选项A、B、C 的意思都对，答案是D。

23.The discovery was a breakthrough in the field of science. The phrase “breakthrough” means _____.
A.advance
B.progress
C.improvement
D.leap forward
答案解析：D。

“breakthrough”意为“重大突破”，“leap forward”也有“飞跃、重大进步”之意，较为接近。

“advance”“progress”“improvement”
意思比较宽泛，没有“breakthrough”那么强烈。

24.The team of scientists was determined to succeed. They were bent on making a great discovery. The phrase “bent on” means _____.
A.determined to
B.set on
C.intent on
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“bent on”表示“决心做某事”，“determined to”“set on”“intent on”都有这个意思。

25.The experiment was carried out with great precision. The phrase “carried out” means _____.
A.performed
B.done
C.conducted
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“carried out”可以表示“进行、执行”，“performed”“done”“conducted”都有类似的意思。

26.The discovery opened up new avenues for research. The phrase “opened up” means _____.
A.created
B.uncovered
C.discovered
D.opened
答案解析：A。

“opened up”在这里表示“开辟、开创”，“created”有创造、开创之意，比较接近。

“uncovered”和“discovered”更强调发现已有的东西，“opened”意思较窄。

27.The scientist was deeply engrossed in his work. The phrase “engrossed in” means _____.
A.absorbed in
B.occupied with
C.focused on
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“engrossed in”表示“全神贯注于”，“absorbed in”“occupied with”“focused on”都有这个意思。

28.The discovery was a result of years of painstaking research. The phrase “painstaking research” means _____.
A.careful research
B.diligent research
C.thorough research
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“painstaking research”意为“艰苦的、精心的研究”，“careful research”“diligent research”“thorough research”都有类似的意思。

29.The scientist was persistent in his pursuit of knowledge. The phrase “persistent in” means _____.
A.steadfast in
B.determined in
C.insistent in
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“persistent in”表示“坚持不懈地”，“steadfast in”“determined in”“insistent in”都有这个意思。

30.The discovery had a profound impact on the scientific community. The phrase “profound impact” means _____.
A.deep influence
B.significant effect
C.strong impression
D.all of the above
答案解析：D。

“profound impact”意为“深刻的影响”，“deep influence”“significant effect”“strong impression”都有类似的意思。

31. The passage mainly talks about _____.
A. the importance of science
B. the difficulties in scientific discoveries
C. famous scientists
D. different scientific fields
答案：B。

解析：短文主要讲述了科学发现过程中的曲折，即科学发现面临的困难。

32. According to the passage, scientific discoveries are often _____.
A. easy and quick
B. difficult and time-consuming
C. simple and straightforward
D. predictable and certain
答案：B。

解析：文中提到科学发现过程曲折，所以科学发现通常是困难且耗时的。

33. The author uses examples in the passage to show that _____.
A. science is boring
B. science is useless
C. scientific discoveries are full of challenges
D. scientific discoveries are not important
答案：C。

解析：作者用例子是为了说明科学发现充满挑战。

34. What can we learn from the passage?
A. We should give up when facing difficulties.
B. Scientific discoveries are only for experts.
C. We should keep trying in the face of difficulties.
D. Science is not interesting.
答案：C。

解析：从文中科学发现的曲折可以得出面对困难我们应该不断尝试。

35. The tone of the passage is _____.
A. pessimistic
B. optimistic
C. neutral
D. angry
答案：C。

解析：文章只是客观地讲述科学发现的曲折，语气是中立的。

36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. The challenges of scientific discoveries.
B. The importance of perseverance in science.
C. The history of science.
D. The role of scientists in discoveries.
答案：C。

解析：文中提到了科学发现的挑战、坚持的重要性以及科学家在发现中的作用，没有提到科学的历史。

37. The main idea of the second paragraph is _____.
A. a specific scientific discovery
B. the difficulties in a certain field of science
C. the importance of a scientific method
D. the role of technology in science
答案：B。

解析：第二段主要讲述了某一科学领域的困难。

38. The word "triumph" in the passage means _____.
A. failure
B. success
C. effort
D. challenge
答案：B。

解析：结合上下文可知“triumph”在文中表示成功。

39. What is the author's attitude towards scientific discoveries?
A. Doubtful
B. Negative
C. Positive
D. Indifferent
答案：C。

解析：虽然文中讲述科学发现过程曲折，但整体态度是积极的，认为科学发现很重要且值得努力。

40. The passage is likely to be from _____.
A. a science fiction novel
B. a scientific research paper
C. a history book
D. an educational magazine
答案：D。

解析：文章讲述科学发现过程曲折，具有教育意义，所以可能来自教育杂志。