浩海学校高中英语第一单元单词总结知识点分析一

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涝酒州涉消市浩海学校New words
1.honest
adj.(形容词)
1) 正直的:显示正直的;老实的:
an honest lawyer. 一个正直的律师
2) 真实的:非欺骗性的;真实的:
honest weight. 真实重量
3) 公正的:等量的公平的:
honest wages for an honest day's work.. 一天的诚实劳动所获的公平报酬
4) 真正:以事实为特点的,真的:
honest reporting. 真实报道
5) 真诚的,坦率的:
an honest critique. 坦率的批评
6) 可信的,可靠的:信誉良好的;可尊敬的
7) 不做作的;朴实的:
honest folk. 淳朴的乡亲
2.brave adj. 勇敢的
a brave fireman 一个勇敢的消防队员
brave vt. braved, braving 勇敢面对
St George braved the dragon. 圣乔治勇敢面对那条龙。

The headmaster wanted to see little Tom about his mistake; so he had to brave it out.
校长要找小汤姆谈谈他所犯的错误,于是他不得不硬着头皮去了。

高级参考:brave, courageous, bold, dauntless, intrepid, valiant, audacious
这组同义词的一般含义为“勇敢的”
1) brave 意味着面临可怕的局面时仍然意志坚定而且有自制能力,并不包含不畏危险的一时冲动。

It was brave of him to enter the burning building.
他进了那个失火的大楼,真有勇气。

Next came a horse, swimming bravely,…
接着过来一匹马,勇敢地游着……。

2) courageous 强调气质刚毅和坚决,因此它的含义包含两个方面:在面临可以考验一个人的意志或精神的危险或困难时,表现出感情的冲动;或者在应付这种危险的局面和困难的处境时,表现出了某种能力。

例如,一个人要勇于说实话,这层意义上的“勇”是courageous而不是brave.
The pioneers are courageous indeed, overcoming one difficulty after another.
这些开拓者的确有勇气,他们克服了一个又一个的困难。

3) bold 包含着一时冲动,肯去招惹危险,在紧要关头勇于探索或勇于应付成败未定、吉凶未卜之事。

因此,这个词的内涵是“毫不迟疑”.
Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.
现在,战俘身穿蓝色服装,肩扛来福枪,在营前大胆地走来走去。

In learning English, one should be bold to talk in the language with his friends.
在学习英语时,应当大胆地用英语和同学交谈。

4) dauntless 的含义是勇敢而且无畏,不被慑服,就象坚贞的革命者那样。

He is a dauntless aviator. 他是一位勇敢的飞行家;
5) intrepid 的含义是“完全不怕”,被这个形容词修饰的人,不论会发生什么事都能表现出无所谓地应
付险情的能力,如果他能刚毅地继续探索,他就是一位 intrepid person.
No really satisfactory photograph has ever been taken of one in a wild state, no zoologist, however intrepid, has been able to keep the animal under close and constant observation in the dark jungle in which he lives.
没有谁拍摄过一张真正令人满意的野生状态下的大猩猩的照片,至今还没有任何一位动物学家,不管他多么勇敢,能够在大猩猩所生活的黑暗丛林里对这种动物进行过细致而持久的观察。

6) valiant 的原义是指英雄的显著的体质和超凡的气力,现在常用于表示在遭到危险时或为达成自己的目的所表现的英勇的气质和坚定、刚毅的意志。

Cowards die many times before their death; the valiant never taste of death but once. (Shakespeare)懦夫在死去之前饱尝死亡的苦楚;而勇士除了一次之外,不懂死亡的滋味。

(—莎士比亚)。

audacious和bold正好成为一个鲜明的对照,因为audacious在表示勇敢的时候,总包含着“鲁莽”、“不谨慎”,有时这个词所表示的胆大包含着厚颜无耻。

It was audacious of him to tell me a downright lie.
他真有勇气,敢向我撒了个弥天大谎。

3. loyal adj.
(常与to连用)忠诚的,忠实的
The people stayed loyal to their country. 人民忠于他们的国家。

4. wise adj.
有智慧的;聪明的
wise advice 明智的建议
知情的,了解的 get wise to
ph.明白…的诡计 (= be wise to)
none the wiser 还是不明白
put wise(与to连用)使…明白过来
5. handsome adj.
1) 漂亮的,英俊的(男人)
Handsome is that handsome does.(谚) 行为漂亮才是漂亮。

2) 慷慨的;大方的
a handsome present 大方的礼物
6. smart adj.
1) 迅速的;有力的;活跃的;朝气蓬勃的
to go for a smart walk 做轻松的散步
2) 聪敏的,才思敏捷的
He's a smart businessman. 他是个精明的商人。

3) 衣冠楚楚的;时髦的
My sister always looks smart. 我妹妹看上去总是很时髦。

She always wears smart clothes. 她总穿漂亮的衣服。

7. argue vt., vi. argued, arguing
1) 辩论
argue a case 辩论一个案子
They argued their actions had nothing to do with the riot, but I think that's debatable.他们辩解道,他们的行为与这次骚乱没有关系,但我认为这话未必正确。

2) 表明;显示出
The way he spends money argues him to be a rich man. 他的花钱方式表明他是个有钱人。

3) 列举理由证明
Others argue that more bus routes should be opened up because buses can accommodate more passengers. 另外一些人认为应该开辟更多的公交路线,因为公共汽车载客多。

4) 争论;争吵
He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday. 他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。

8. solution n.
解决;解答
What is the solution to your trouble?
你解决困难的办法是什么?
This is the only practicable solution imaginable.
这是唯一想得出的切实可行的解决办法。

溶液
溶解;分解
9. classical adj.
简单而典雅的;受古典主义影响的;合乎古希腊罗马的
Both Bach and Beethoven wrote classical music.
巴赫与贝多芬谱写的都是古典音乐。

古典的(音乐)
依据一定形式、内容与韵律的(音乐)
传统的;权威的
classical scientific ideas
传统科学观念
Einstein's new theory on optics changed classical scientific ideas about light.
爱因斯坦新的光学理论改变了人们对光的传统科学概念。

人文科学的;文科的
a classical education
人文科学教育
第一流的;经典的;的
10. fond adj.
(与of连用)特别喜爱的
I am not fond of eating meat.
我不喜欢吃肉。

"Because she's fond of books and anxious for knowledge, she frequents the library." "因为她喜欢读书,渴求知识,所以经常去图书馆。

"
"Jack's too fond of fun, so the boss doesn't like him much."
杰克太喜欢闹着玩了所以老板不太喜欢他。

"The old lady likes all her grandchildren, but she's especially fond of Helen." "老太太喜欢所有的孙儿女,不过她特别喜欢海伦。

"
深情的
She has fond parents.
她有慈祥的父母。

He signed the letter, With fondest love, Cyril.
他在信上签:“以最深情的爱,西里尔”。

溺爱的;痴爱的
a fond husband
一个溺爱(妻子)的丈夫
A fond mother may spoil her child.
溺爱孩子的母亲会把孩子宠坏。

盲目轻信的
He has a fond belief in his own cleverness.
他盲目相信自己的聪明。

11. match vt., vi.
相等;发现(找到)相等物
They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese.
他们在中文的造诣上相等。

This hotel can't be matched for friendliness.
这家旅馆良好的服务态度是无与伦比的。

相似;相配
These shoes do not match;one is large and the other is small.这双鞋不相配,一只大,一只小。

找相似物或相配之物
使比赛;使较量
match n.火柴
It is dangerous to play with matches.
玩火柴很危险。

12. mirror n.镜子
She looked at herself in the mirror.
她照镜子。

The driver saw the police car following him in his side mirror.驾驶员从旁镜中看到了警车在跟踪他。

(忠实的)写照
the mirror of public opinion
民意的忠实代表
mirror vt. 映出;反射出
The election results mirror public opinion quite well. (喻)
选举结果比较充分地反映了公众的意见。

13. fry vt., vi.
fried, frying
油煎,油炸
She fried the eggs in a frying-pan.
她在平底锅里煎鸡蛋。

The eggs were frying in the pan.
蛋在油锅里煎。

灼伤
We shall fry in this hot sun.
在酷热的阳光下我们会灼伤的。

fry n. 油煎食品,油炸食品
14.saw n.锯子
saw vt., vi.
sawed, sawn 或 sawed, sawing

He sawed the wood into three pieces.
他把木头锯成三块。

可用锯子锯
15. cast vt,vi.
cast, casting
投;掷;抛
As soon as they reached the fishing area, the fishermen cast their nets into the sea.渔民们一到捕鱼区就把渔网撒进了大海。

cast a net
撒网
cast the fishing-line into the water
把钓鱼线抛入水中
舍弃;脱落
Every year the snake casts (off) its skin.
蛇每年都要蜕皮。

As soon as he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.他一富起来就抛弃了所有曾经给过他帮助的老朋友。

给;记录
to cast a vote
投票
Many senators cast their votes against the new tax law.
许多参议员都投票反对新税法。

(常与as连用)分配角色;派定演员
The director cast me as a mad priest.
导演派我扮演一个发了疯的神父。

He was cast for the part of a handicapped youth.; He was cast as a handicaped youth.他扮演一个残疾青年。

The part was cast to him.
这个角色分派给他演。

(与in, into连用)铸造;铸成
安排;计划
cast
n.
抛;掷
演员
He was in the cast of the school play.
他在学校演的剧里扮演角色。

The cast is ready to start the play.; The cast are ready to start the play.
演员们都已作好准备,即将演出。

石膏(模子)
铸件;铸型
形状;表情;特性
斜视;斜看
(蚯蚓等翻到地面上的)泥土堆
cast away
遭遇海难而流落某地
We were cast away by the storm on an island without food or water.我们被风暴丢弃在小岛上,没有食物,也没有淡水。

cast down
使心烦意乱;气馁;沮丧
cast off
解缆放船;解缆
抛弃
(编织衣物时的)收针
cast on
(编织毛衣等)起针;编织成第一行针脚
16.survive vt., vi.
-vived, -viving
大难不死;死里逃生
在…之后还活着
Few survived after the flood.
洪水过后,生还者极少。

The man was very ill, but he survived.
这个人病得很厉害,可是他活下来了。

17. deserted adj.
荒芜的, 荒废的, 为人所弃的
18. hunt vt., vi.
打猎,狩猎
骑马猎狐;追捕
(与after, for连用)搜索;追寻
I hunted for my book everywhere.
我到处找我的书。

Wolves hunt in packs.
狼是成群猎食的。

We've been hunting for the lost boy all over.
我们一直在到处找那失踪的男孩。

(发动机)运转时快时慢
hunt
n.
狩猎,打猎
猎狐;猎狐的人
追寻;搜索 hunt down 追捕到;搜索到 (= hunt out)
Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at last at an end.我们想寻找一幢便宜些但要大些的房子的事终于有了结果。

hunt out
仔细寻找 (= hunt up)
19. in order to
in order that
为了;目的在于…
in order to
为了…起见;以便
In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work.为了赶火车,她匆匆做完了她的工作。

of the order of
大约,左右;约与…相同,约与…相似 (= in the order of) 20. share n.
(属于或由某人做的)部分,一份
We gave each of the five children an equal share.
我们给了这五个孩子每人均等的一份。

股份;股票
Do not part with the shares on any account.
无论如何不要放弃这些股票。

They sell shares in companies at the stock exchange.
他们在证券交易所出售公司股票。

(pl) (以股票形式买卖的)股权
go shares
share
vt., vi.
shared, sharing
(常与in连用)共用;分摊;共有
We shared the sweets.
我们分吃了糖果。

They share their joys and sorrows.
他们同甘共苦。

Bill and Bob shared the work equally between them.比尔和鲍勃两人把工作平分了。

(与in连用)参与
(常与out连用)分配
告诉别人
He shared the story with us.
他给我们讲了这个故事。

同意(某人意见或观点)
share and share alike
平均分配;有相同的等份
21. sorrow n.
悲哀;忧伤;悔恨
He told me with sorrow that his mother was very ill.
他悲伤地告诉我,他的母亲病得很厉害。

22. care about
23. feeling n.
感触,感觉
a feeling of discomfort
不舒服的感觉
相信
I have a feeling he'll come.
我觉得他要来了。

知觉
He had lost all feeling in the left leg.他的左腿完全失去了知觉。

激情
He played the piano with feeling.
他弹钢琴时充满激情。

feeling
adj.
多情的
a feeling look
多情的一眼
feeling
feel感觉+-ing名词后缀
feeling,affection,emotion,sentiment,passion这组名词的一般含义是“感情”。

feeling所表示的“感情”可以是愉快的或痛苦的,也可以是喜爱的或厌恶的,而且这种反应既可能是精神的也可能是肉体的。

除非根据上下文或者修饰语,一般看不出feeling的心理反应的性质
The Algerian landing had been viewed with mixed feelings in a politically divided France,…在政治分歧的法国,各派怀着不同的感情来看待在阿尔及利亚登陆一事,……
affection的含义也是感情,主要用于表示“爱好”或“倾向于喜爱”,通常包含“愿望”的意思Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do, and are capable of a considerable degree of personal affection.
大象正象狗一样,喜欢专一的主人,而且能够有相当程度的个人感情。

emotion 也具有feeling的含义,但是它的“感情”却多了一层“激动”的意义。

A gifted American psychologist has said,"Worry is a spasm of emotion…"
一位有天赋的心理学家说过:“焦急是感情的一阵发作……”
…;the violent thief is usually at the mercy of an instant emotion.
行凶的强盗通常受一时感情冲动的支配。

sentiment表示的“感情”包含着较强的理智因素,通常用来表示优雅的感情,即所谓“情操”、“情趣”,有时也表示浪漫的感情,比如“情调”
A statesman should be animated by lofty sentiments.
政治家应当焕发出崇高的情操。

passion表示强烈的“激情”。

这种感情可以是占有或报复的欲望,而且较少或根本不受理智的制约Notice how the cold, colourless men, without ideas and with no other passion but craving for success, get on in this society,…
看看那些冷酷无情、毫无个性特色、无见地和除了渴望飞黄腾达别无任何激情的人是怎样在此社会里青云
直上的……
24. lie vi.
lay, lain, lying
躺,卧
He was lying in the shade of the tree.他正躺在树荫下。

She lay down on her bed.
她躺在床上。

保持;处于(某一位置)
The factory lies to the west of town.工厂在小镇的西边。

The plates lay on the table.
盘子在桌上。

lie in state
(尸体)供人瞻仰
lie low
躲藏
lie 2
[laI]
vi.
lied, lying
说谎
I'm sorry I lied to you.
我很抱歉向你撒了谎。

lie
n.
谎言
Why did you tell me a lie?
你为什么对我撒谎?
25. adventure n.
奇遇
adventures in the mountains
山中的奇遇
冒险
All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention.孩子们注意力十分集中地听他讲他的冒险经历。

26. scared v.(动词)
scared, scar.ing, scares
v.tr.(及物动词)
To strike with sudden fear; alarm.See Synonyms at frighten
惊吓,使恐慌:使…突然害怕;惊恐参见 frighten
v.intr.(不及物动词)
To become frightened:
受惊:
a child who scares easily.
一个容易受惊的孩子
n.(名词)
A condition or sensation of sudden fear.
害怕:突然害怕的状态或感觉
A general state of alarm; a panic:
惊恐:惊恐的一般状态;惊慌:
a bom
b scare that necessitated evacuating the building.对炸弹的恐惧使撤离这座建筑物成为必要
adj.(形容词)
Serving or intended to frighten people:
的:用作或意欲使人感到害怕的:
scare stories; scare tactics.
故事;恐吓战术
27. drop sb. a line
28. formal adj.(形容词)
Relating to or involving outward form or structure.
外形的,形式的:关于或涉及事物外在形式或结构的
Being or relating to essential form or constitution:
形式的:属于事物的基本形式或构成的:
a formal principle.
形式原则
Following or being in accord with accepted forms, conventions, or regulations:正规的:遵循或符合规定的形式、惯例或规则的:
had little formal education; went to a formal party.
受过很少的正规教育;参加一个正规聚会
Executed, carried out, or done in proper or regular form:
正式的:以适当或常规形式进行的:
a formal reprimand; a formal document.
正式谴责;正式文件
Characterized by strict or meticulous observation of forms; methodical:
正式的,符合传统或习惯的:在形式上严格拘泥于细节的;有条理的:
very formal in their business transactions.
他们的商务议事很有条理
29. error n.
错误,过失
The accident was caused by human error.
这次事故是由人为过错造成的。

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