英语国家概况模拟试题(完成)

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[VIP专享]英语国家概况模拟试题（完成）

[VIP专享]英语国家概况模拟试题（完成）英语国家概况模拟试题1发布时间：[2008-10-9 11:31:32]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------英语国家概况模拟试题1Directions:I. There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the correct to each of the question and write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)1. The Tower of London was constructed bya) King Haroldb) Oliver Cromwellc) William the Conquerord) Robin Hood2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?a) Sinn Fein is the legal political party in Northern Ireland.b) Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.c) Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important political party in Britain.d) Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.3. Which of the following about the House of Commons in Britain is NOT true?a) Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.b) MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.c) MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.d) Most MPs belong to the major political parties.4. Which of the following descriptions about the Conservative Party is NOT true?a) It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.b) It prefers policies that protect individual’s rights.c) It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.d) It’s known as a party of high taxati on levels.5. Which company in Britain became an important aero-engine manufacturer after W.W.II?a) Boeingb) Rolls Roycec) McDonnel-Douglasd) Hawker-Siddeley6. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?a) Dr. Faustusb) Frankensteinc) Hamletd) Sense and Sensibility7. Which of the following was the first team sport to have organized rules?a) footballb) horse racingc) tennisd) cricket8. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkers Night?a) It’s celebrated by Scottish pe ople in Novemberb) It’s celebrated by English people in Novemberc) It’s celebrated by Scottish people in people in August.d) It’s celebrated by English people in people in August.9. Which of the following universities is privately funded in Britain?a) the university of Cambridgeb) the university of Oxfordc) the university of Buckinghamd) the university of Edingburgh10. Which of the following is not true about class system in UK?a) People of different classes tend to read different kind of newspaper.b) Class-division is only decided by people’s income.c) Though social advancement in possible, class affects person’s life-changes.d) The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Open University?a) It’s open to every body.b) It requires no formal educational qualifications.c) No university degree is rewarded.d) University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.12. Which of the following is a quality paper?a) The News of the World.b) The Guardian.c) The tabloidsd) All of the above.13. Which of the following is not true about life peers?a) They are not from the aristocratic families.b) They can not sit in the House of Lords.c) They earned their titles through their outstanding achievements.d) The title can not be inherited by their children.14. Which of the following countries in Australia’s largest trading partner”a) Chinab) ASEAN countiesc) Britaind) Japan15. Which of the following is the largest manufacturing sector in Australia?a) the ship-building industryb) the heavy engineering industryc) the Australian aerospace industryd) the Australian food-processing industry16. Which country/area in Australia’s largest export market for beef and veal?a) Singaporeb) The United Statesc) The Republic of Koread) The Middle East17. Which of the following is not a part of the Australian social security programs?a) Tertiary education systems.b) Age pensions.c) Pensions for war and defense widows.d) The child disability allowance.18. Who were the first settlers of New Zealand?a) voyagers from East Polynesiab) European navigatorsc) Sealers and whalersd) Christian missionaries19. Which of the following factors does not contribute to New Z ealand’s environmental?a) Favorable geographic feature.b) Low population.c) A late development of industry.d) The ozone hole over Antarctic20. Which of the following is not a function of Parliament of New Zealand?a) Enacting lawsb) Supervising the government’s administration.c) The redress of grievances by receiving petitions.d) Forming a government.II. Directions:There are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answers on the answer sheet. (30%) l The capital of Britain is 21__________, which has great influence on the UK in all fields including 22_____,23_____and 24_______.l In 1689, Parliament passed 25_______ to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.l 26______ was established by the Labour government in 1948, providing health care for all the people.l 27_______is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain while 28____ is a more gentle sport which owes its origin to the Church.l In Britain, people can go to the 29______ without having any formal educational qualifications.l Australia is one of the most highly 30_______ countries in theworld with only 15% of Australians live in rural areas.l Australia, as the world’s 31_____ of wool, exports most of its wool production. The high quality wool mainly comes from the 32______breed of sheep.l Major ethnic groups in New Zealand, in the order of population size are 33______, 34______,35______ Chinese and Indian people.III. Directions:There are 10 questions in this part. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write you answer on the answer sheet. (20%)36) Who is the prime Minister in Britain at present?37) Has the Queen alone the power to change the terms of the Constitution in Britain?38) What city is the capital of Australia?39) When did the first European navigators arrive in New Zealand?40) Who is the Head of State of New Zealand?41) What is the full name of Australia?42) What does NATO stand for?43) When did Britain join the European Economic Community?44) Which is the largest city in Scotland?45) Who invented the game of golf?IV. Directions:Explain each of the following 6 out 9 in no more than 5 sentences. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (30%)46) The “roundheads”47) Australia’s im port pattern48) Sino-Australia relationship49) the ABC in Australia50) the kiwi51) the functions of the British Parliament52) John Major53) Halloween54) Oxbridge英语国家概况模拟试题1答案I. (20%)1.c2.c3.a4.d5.b6.c7.d8.b9.c 10.b11.c 12.b 13.b 14.d 15.d 16.b 17.a 18.a 19.d 20.dII.(30%)21.London/doc/b4787785.html,ernment/politics23.economy24.culture 25. the Bill of Rights26.The National Health Service 27. football28.tennis 29.Open University30.urbanized 31. largest producer32.merino 33. New Zealanders with European ancestry.34.Maori 35.People from the Pacific IslandsIII.(20%)36. Tony Blair is the Prime Minister today.37. No.38. The Capital city of Australia is Canberra.39. The first European navigators arrived in New Zealand in 1642.40. The Head of State of New Zealand is the British Monarch41. The full name of Australia is the Commonwealth of Australia42. NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.43. Britain joined the European Economic community in 1972.44. Glasgow in the largest city in Scotland.45. The Scottish invented the game of golf.IV.(30%)46. The “roundheads”These refer to the group of people representing the interests of Parliament during the civil war. They were so called because they defied popular fashion and cut their hair very short. Led by Oliver Cromwell, they defeated the royalists in 1642, and executed the king in 1649.47.As a developed country, Australia’s import pattern in different from that of other developed country. It imports little food and raw materials, but comparative a lot of capital equipment. Two-fifths of its imports are from the United States and Japan. Britain’s share has declined from 40% in the late 1950s to about 5% today.48. Australia and China established diplomatic relationship. Since then the leaders of the twocountries have been visiting each other regularly. The two countries are working together in many fields including education, energy and so on.49. the ABC stands for the Australia BroadcastingCorporation, a noncommercial national radio and television service funded mostly by the Government. The ABC has domestic network of offices in all capital cities and major regional cities as well as international network of bureaus. In addition to the regular news and current affairs programs, it also provides a variety of programs on children and education, arts, sports and documentaries and other programs.50. the kiwi is the mane of one species of the native bird in New Zealand. It is flightless. When capitalized the word is also used to refer to the New Zealanders or things of New Zealand origin.51. The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.52. John Major was the leader of the Conservative Party and was the ex- Prime Minister of the UK. In 1990, he was elected the leader of the Conservative Party, replacing Mrs. Thatcher. After he came into power, he had continued to carry out Thatcher’s policies but in a mild way.53.Halloween in a Scottish festival celebrated on 31 October each year. Communion with the dead, mischief, fortune-telling and masquerades are common practices. Some of the other customs are “ turnip lanterns” for children and girls using magic spells to see into the future.54. Oxbridge refers to the two top universities in Britain: Oxford and Cambridge. These two universities not only offer good education, but also offer a network of connections. Graduates from these universities occupy a high proportion of the top level of many aspects of British society.英语国家概况模拟试题2发布时间：[2008-10-9 11:30:47]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------英语国家概况模拟试题2Directions:I. There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the correct to each of the question and write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)1. Which of the following countries has no nuclear weapon capabilities?a) Britain。

英语国家概况试题及答案

英语国家概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语作为官方语言的国家不包括以下哪个国家？A. 美国B. 澳大利亚C. 法国D. 英国答案：C2. 英语国家中，哪个国家的首都是渥太华？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：B3. 英语国家中，哪个国家的国旗是米字旗？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：C4. 英语国家中，哪个国家被称为“枫叶之国”？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚5. 英语国家中，哪个国家的人口数量最多？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：A6. 英语国家中，哪个国家是英联邦成员国？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：B7. 英语国家中，哪个国家是联合国安全理事会常任理事国之一？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：C8. 英语国家中，哪个国家的货币单位是美元？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：A9. 英语国家中，哪个国家的国歌是《天佑女王》？B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：C10. 英语国家中，哪个国家是世界面积第二大的国家？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 英国D. 澳大利亚答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语国家中，______的国花是玫瑰。

答案：英国2. 英语国家中，______的国鸟是鸸鹋。

答案：澳大利亚3. 英语国家中，______的国石是钻石。

答案：加拿大4. 英语国家中，______的国树是橡树。

答案：美国5. 英语国家中，______的国花是枫叶。

答案：加拿大6. 英语国家中，______的国花是玫瑰。

答案：英国7. 英语国家中，______的国鸟是鹰。

答案：美国8. 英语国家中，______的国石是蓝宝石。

答案：英国9. 英语国家中，______的国树是雪松。

答案：澳大利亚10. 英语国家中，______的国花是玫瑰。

答案：英国三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述英语国家中，美国的文化特点。

英语国家概况试题库

英语国家概况试题库Section 1: United Kingdom1. What is the capital city of the United Kingdom?2. Who is the current monarch of the United Kingdom?3. Name one famous landmark in London.4. Who wrote the plays Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet?Section 2: United States1. Name the capital city of the United States.2. Who is the current President of the United States?3. Which city is known as the "Big Apple"?4. Who invented the light bulb?Section 3: Australia1. What is the capital city of Australia?2. Who is the current Prime Minister of Australia?3. Name one famous natural landmark in Australia.4. Which animal is native to Australia and is known for its pouch? Section 4: Canada1. Name the capital city of Canada.2. Who is the current Prime Minister of Canada?3. Which city is known for its annual film festival?4. Which sport originated in Canada?Section 5: New Zealand1. What is the capital city of New Zealand?2. Who is the current Prime Minister of New Zealand?3. Name one famous film series that was filmed in New Zealand.4. Which tribe is indigenous to New Zealand?Section 6: Ireland1. Name the capital city of Ireland.2. Who is the current Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland?3. Which famous Irish writer is known for his works such as Dubliners and Ulysses?4. Which symbol is associated with Ireland?Section 7: South Africa1. What is the capital city of South Africa?2. Who is the current President of South Africa?3. Name one famous national park in South Africa.4. Which language is widely spoken in South Africa?Section 8: India1. Name the capital city of India.2. Who is the current Prime Minister of India?3. Which famous monument is located in Agra, India?4. Which religion is predominant in India?Section 9: Jamaica1. What is the capital city of Jamaica?2. Who is the current Prime Minister of Jamaica?3. Name one famous Jamaican reggae singer.4. Which sport is popular in Jamaica?Section 10: Singapore1. Name the capital city of Singapore.2. Who is the current Prime Minister of Singapore?3. Name one famous shopping district in Singapore.4. Which language is the official language of Singapore?Note: This article provides a trial question bank on the general knowledge of various English-speaking countries. The actual examination may contain more questions or variations in phrasing and content.。

英语国家概况模拟考试试题三

模拟试题三一、单项选择题1、The only surviving large mammals are _____.A、red deer and wolvesB、boars and wolvesC、roe deer and boarsD、red deer and roe deer2、The Anglo-Saxons brought ________ religion to Britain.A、DruidismB、Roman CatholicC、TeutonicD、Christian3、The Independent Labor Party was led by _____.A、Jeremy BenthamB、James CookC、Abel TasmanD、Keir Hardie4、On _____, Queen Elizabeth II approved a same-sex marriage bill..A、April 29, 2011B、July 7, 2012C、July 17, 2013D、August 17, 20125、The poverty line in the UK is commonly defined as being _____ of the median household income.A、50%B、65%C、55%D、60%6、______ prepare them for higher education.A、Grammar schoolsB、Secondary modern schoolsC、Private schoolsD、Higher schools7、The modern game of ______ is generally accepted to have originated in England.A、swimmingB、footballC、skiingD、diving8、In ______, figure skater Madge Cave Syers became the first female athlete to win a medal in the Winter Olympic Games.A、1896B、1908C、1948D、19209、The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is ______.A、the Daily MailB、the Daily TelegraphC、the Daily MirrorD、the Sun10、The rivers that descend from the eastern slopes of the Rockies flow into _____.A、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of MexicoB、the Gulf of California and the MississippiC、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of CaliforniaD、the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico11、Between 1980 and 1989, the South and West of the United States added ______ million people through net migration.A、8.8B、8.4C、8.9D、4.912、The ______ founded their first permanent settlement on the continent at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.A、EnglishB、SpanishC、DutchD、Portuguese13、State governments have the power to make laws for all citizens that are not granted to the federal government or denied to the states in the US Constitution. These include _____, and most crimes.A、education, family law, constitutionB、education, family law, contract lawC、education, constitution, contract lawD、family law, constitution, contract law14、In December ______, the Senate condemned McCarthy for certain improper, extreme behavior.A、1955B、1956C、1953D、195415、Vietnam got independence in ______.A、1945B、1944C、1943D、194616、By _____ Champlain had reached Quebec.A、1605B、1606C、1607D、160817、The Constitution Act assigns specific responsibilities to the provinces and reserves all others for _____.A、the federal governmentB、the presidentC、the representativeD、the monarch18、Pennsylvania was established by ______.A、Separatist CongregationalistsB、QuakersC、Roman CatholicsD、Puritans19、______ is a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for drama and the only American playwright to win the Nobel Prize for literature.A、O’NeillB、Henry JamesC、Walt WhitmanD、James Fenimore Cooper20、To a lesser degree in the early ______ century, film types that were previously considered to have only a minor presence in the mainstream movie market began to arise as more potent American box office draws.A、20tyB、19thC、18thD、21st21、______ is observed on the last Monday of May.A、Martin Luther King, Jr. DayB、Washington’s BirthdayC、Memorial DayD、Independence Day22、Canada covers about ______ of the North American continent.A、a halfB、a thirdC、a quarterD、two fifths23、______ is the floral symbol of Australia and is celebrated on National Wattle Day each year on September 1.A、Eucalyptus treesB、Maple treeC、Dahurian larchD、The golden wattle24、The average maximum temperature in _____ is 23℃ in summer, 14℃ in winter.A、DunedinB、AucklandC、ChristchurchD、Nelson25、The secondary school system comprises private schools that are predominantly owned by _____.A、the enterpriseB、the stateC、the armyD、religious communities26、Much of th e world’s wool comes from ______.A、IrelandB、AustraliaC、New ZealandD、Britain27、The cinema of ______, often generally referred to as Hollywood.A、ChinaB、JanpanC、the United StatesD、England28、The work of filmmakers and actors throughout the UK is supported by ______, a government board that helps fund productions and secure film-related services.A、Arts CouncilB、British Broadcasting CorporationC、Channel Four TelevisionD、Film Council29、In _____, Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community.A、January 1957B、January 1974C、January 1960D、January 197330、The ______ brought with them the art of pottery making, the ability to fashion bronze tools and the custom of individual burial.A、CeltsB、Beaker FolkC、IberiansD、Anglo-Saxons二、填空题1、Traditional farming involved _____, a system that dated back to the 5th century.2、Among several important social developments in the decades after World War II, the most evident was the rising standard of ______.3、International cricket matches, known as tests, began in 1877 with a match between ______ and ______.4、The Progressive Movement was a movement demanding government regulation of _____.5、On August 4, 1914, _____ issued an official statement proclaiming American neutrality.6、_____is the oldest written constitution in the world.7、Post-secondary education, better known as “______” in the United States, is generally governed separately from the elementary and high school system.8、The influential landscape painters known as ______ devoted themselves to developing a national style in the first decades of the 20th century.9、There are also more than ______ private primary and secondary schools, most of them Roman Catholic or run by other religious groups.10、_____has long been the backbone of Irish agriculture.三、名词解释1、black Thursday2、The Bill of Rights四、简答题1、What is the relation between the papers and the political party?2、How do the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky mountains run?3、What were the two weaknesses in the American economy in the 1920s?4、Which was a great turning point of the American War of Independence?5、What are the three branches of government?6、There are major differences between the political system of the United States and that of most other developed countries. What do these differences include?7、In what areas is Canada’s agriculture located?8、Why does New Zealand often have earthquakes?9、Which battle is considered one of the most important events in Australian history and why?10、What caused the fall in population in Ireland?五、论述题1、What are the two major political parties in New Zealand? How are they different from each other?答案部分一、单项选择题1、【正确答案】 D【答案解析】答案选D。

英语国家概况练习题

UKTrue or False1、The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe、2、The United Kingdom consists of four politicaldivisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland、3、England is one of the two large islands in the BritishIsles、4、The British Isles are made up of three large islandsand hundreds of small ones、5、Wales lies on the east coast of the island of GreatBritain、6、The Commonwealth of Nations is a free associationof independent countries that all used to be coloniesof Britain、7、In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, anddeep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautifulscenery in Europe、8、The longest river in Britain is the Thames、9、The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh innorthwest England、10、Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, awarm ocean current that sweeps up from theequator and flows past the British Isles、FFFFFFTFFT1、The British Isles are made up of _______、A、three large islands and hundreds of small onesB、three large islands and dozens of small onesC、two large islands and hundreds of small onesD、two large islands and dozens of small ones2、Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A、England、B、Scotland、C、Northern Ireland、D、Wales、3、Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east、A、eastB、southC、westD、north4、The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year _______、A、1920B、1945C、1918D、19495、The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ______、A、the HighlandsB、the Southern UplandsC、the Central LowlandsD、the Lake District6、The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________、A、1921B、1931C、1945D、19507、The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______、A、EnglandB、ScotlandC、Great BritainD、Ireland8、The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______、A、GlasgowB、EdinburghC、CardiffD、BelfastCCBDABADB1、The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts、2、London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population、3、People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain、4、Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people、5、The Welsh language is the official language in Wales、6、Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland、7、The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland、8、English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people、9、Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property、10、Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain、FTTFTFTFFT1、The English people and the English language were born from the union of ________、A、the Angles and the SaxonsB、Romans and the Norman FrenchC、Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD、Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2、The first known settlers of Britain were _______、A、the IberiansB、the Beaker FolkC、the CeltsD、the Romans3、About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________、A、Scottish languageB、English languageC、Irish languageD、Celtic language4、About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II、They are mainly from the West Indies, India and __________、A、IndonesiaB、SingaporeC、Hong KongD、Pakistan5、In Britain _______ of the population is urban and _______ is rural、A、90% ; 10%B、80% ; 20%C、70% ; 30%D、60% ; 40%6、The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________、A、CeltsB、RomansC、NormansD、Britons7、The average population density in Britain is ______ people per square kilometer、A、250B、370C、800D、5008、During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _________ invaded and conquered Britain、A、Angles and CeltsB、Angles and PictsC、Angles and BrythonsD、Angles and Saxons9、The upper class in Britain consists of the following except _________、A、peerageB、gentryC、landownersD、professionals10、“Britishness”can be reflected in the following except _________、A、Union JackB、conservativenessC、the BeatlesD、Thanksgiving DayDADDAAADDD1、The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar、2、The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries、3、The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue、4、The Black Death once ravaged England, carrying off three fourths ofthe population、5、During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the Hundred Years’War began、6、The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster、7、Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country8、James’son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given、9、The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration、FTTFTTFTT1、In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ________、A、LondonB、NormandyC、StandfordD、Hastings2、The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by _________、A、HenryB、Henry IIC、King JosephD、Count of Anjor3、English Reformation was carried out by _______ to change the religion in England from Catholicism to Protestantism、A、Edward VIB、Henry VIIIC、Mary ID、Elizabeth I4、King John was forced by the barons to sign the _______ which restricted the King’s power、A、Bill of RightsB、Petition of RightC、Provisions of OxfordD、Great Charter5、Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _______、A、parliamentB、cabinetC、constitutionD、liberty6、From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth、It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as _______、A、Lord ProtectorB、Lieutenant GeneralC、Commander of the New Model ArmyD、President7、William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _______ in 1689、A、Bill of RightsB、Petition of RightC、Provisions of OxfordD、Great Charter8、The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen _______’s husband Albert、A、MaryB、Elizabeth IC、VictoriaD、Anne9、The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is _______、A、ChurchillB、ChamberlainC、MacDonaldD、MacmillanDBBDA AACA1、Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence、2、Britain does not have a written constitution、3、Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life of a Parliament、4、The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made、5、The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition、6、Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister、7、The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party、8、Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time、TTTFFTFF1、The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ___________、A、Commonwealth lawB、statute lawC、common lawD、ancient documents2、The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___________ Members of Parliament、A、650B、660C、670D、6803、British Conservative Party was formerly called _______ Party in the 18th century、A、WhigB、ToryC、LiberalD、Nationalist4、The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ___________, by ___________、A、the King; the Prime MinisterB、the Queen; the Prime MinisterC、the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s GovernmentD、the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government5、________ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England、A、The monarchB、The Archbishop of YorkC、The Archbishop of CanterburyD、The Roman Pope6、In Britain the citizens aged ____________ or over have the right to vote、A、16B、18C、21D、307、By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ____________ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom、A、Prime MinisterB、Member of ParliamentC、Lord of AppealD、Speaker of the House8、The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _____________、A、the Conservative PartyB、the Labour PartyC、the Liberal PartyD、the Green Party9、Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ____________、A、making lawB、authorizing taxation and public expenditureC、declaring warD、examining the actions of the governmentAABDA BACC1、Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system、2、A Magistrates’Court sits with a jury、3、In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary、4、Officers in Great Brain do not normally carry firearms、5、London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor、6、The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the County Courts、7、House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law、8、Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain、9、Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day、10、If a person is charged with murder, and hasinsufficient means, he must be granted legal aidTFFTF TFFTT1、All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the _______ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt、A、guiltB、impartialityC、innocenceD、honesty2、In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of _________ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random、A、18B、19C、20D、213、The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___________ in Scotland、A、12B、13C、14D、154、Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by _________、A、the policemenB、the juryC、the judgeD、the sheriff5、The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is _________、A、the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB、the Court of AppealC、the High Court of JusticiaryD、the House of Lords6、In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of ________、A、the Lord ChancellorB、the Home SecretaryC、the Prime MinisterD、the Attorney General7、Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ____________、A、the Magistrates’CourtB、the Court of AppealC、the High CourtD、the Crown Court8、The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as _________A、Justices of the PeaceB、stipendiary magistratesC、Justices of LawD、part-time magistrates9、The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in __________、A、the District CourtB、the Sheriff CourtC、the High Court of JusticiaryD、the Crown CourtCADBA CCAC1、A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world、2、John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist、3、A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy、4、In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its grossdomestic product、5、The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”、6、Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly raw materials、7、Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other members of the European Union、8、The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports、9、Today, the City of London is the centre of Londonwhere government departments are located、10、The trade union movement in Britain is becomingstronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment、TFFTFFTFFF1、The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and1960s was based on the theory of _______、A、Adam SmithB、John Maynard KeynesC、Margaret ThatcherD、Karl Marx2、Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced ______、A、economic recessionB、economic expansionC、economic declineD、economic depression3、Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’sagriculture?A、British farming is highly mechanized、B、Agriculture in Britain is intensive、C、British farming is very efficient、D、Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for itspeople、4、In Britain less than ________ of the population are farmers、A、2%B、4%C、6%D、10%5、In the ______ Britain became a net exporter of oil、A、1960sB、1970sC、1980sD、1990s6、To stimulate economic recovery, the ThatcherGovernment carried out all the following policies but______、A、privatizationB、interventionismC、deregulationD、market liberalization7、Britain is the ____ largest trading nation in the world、A、thirdB、fourthC、fifthD、sixth8、British oil fields were discovered on the _______、A、English ChannelB、Irish SeaC、Norwegian SeaD、North Sea9、Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?A、Microprocessors、B、Computers、C、Biotechnology、D、Motor vehicles、BBDAC BDDD1、The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services、2、The National Health Service (NHS) is now a largely free service、3、Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems、4、Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percentage increases in retail prices、5、General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients、6、In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)、7、Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge、8、Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty、9、Most British people now live in detached houses、TTTFF FFFF1、The National Health Service (NHS) was established inthe United Kingdom in _________、A、1946B、1947C、1948D、19492、________ is directly responsible for the NHS、A、Local governmentB、Central governmentC、V oluntary organizationsD、Certain social boards3、In Britain, children up to the age of ______ canreceive family allowances for children、A、11B、12C、15D、164、In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirementbenefits, begin for women at the age of ________、A、50B、55C、60D、655、In England the NHS is managed by the ________、A、Department for Work and PensionsB、Department of HealthC、Social Security AgencyD、Social Services Department6、The National Health Service in Britain provides a fullrange of medical services for _______、A、employeesB、residents aged between 18-60C、every residentD、residents aged over 607、Social Security in the UK is the government’s mostexpensive program, costing _____ of public funding、A、20%B、25%C、30%D、35%8、A family doctor in Britain is also known as a ______、A、general doctorB、general pharmacistC、general practitionerD、family practitioner9、In 2001 people in marriage accounted for _______of the adult population in Britain、A、60%B、55%C、50%D、45%10、Houses have traditionally been divided intofollowing types EXCEPT ______、A、detached houseB、semi-detached houseC、terraced houseD、attached houseCBDCB CCCBD1、In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on a regular basis、2、Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century、3、Under the Act of Settlement 1701, the British monarch is required to be a member of the Church of England、4、The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury、5、Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs、6、In 1994 the first women were ordained as priests in the AnglicanChurch、7、The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control、8、The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the Free Churches in Britain、9、The UK has the second largest Jewish community in Western Europe、10、Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom without interference from the state or the community, religion in Britain is separated from politics、FFTF FTFF TF1.________ is the largest of the Free Churches、A、The BaptistsB、The Methodist ChurchC、The Roman Catholic ChurchD、The Church in Wales2、Established Churches in Britain are ___________、A、Church of England and Church of WalesB、Church of Wales and Church of ScotlandC、the Anglican ChurchesD、Church of England and Church of Scotland3、The Free Churches do NOT include _________、A、the Church of EnglandB、the Methodist ChurchC、the Baptist ChurchD、the United Reformed Church4、The principal non-Christian communities in Britainare _______、A、the MoslemsB、the BuddhistsC、the HindusD、the Jews5、The Church of Scotland is a ________ church、A、MethodistB、BaptistC、PresbyterianD、Catholic6、In Great Britain, the ___________ is uniquely relatedto the Crown、A、Church of EnglandB、Church of ScotlandC、Church of IrelandD、Church of Wales7、The members of _______ in Britain have also beenknown as dissenters or nonconformists、A、the Anglican ChurchB、the Church of EnglandC、the Roman Catholic ChurchD、the Free Churches8、The Church of England has two provinces、Theyare ________、A、Canterbury and YorkB、London and YorkC、Durham and CanterburyD、London and WinchesterBDADC ADA1、Parents are required by law to ensure that their children receive compulsory full-time education between the age of 5 and 16、2、Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attends comprehensive schools、3、Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universal and free state primary and secondary education、4、The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK、5、The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools、6、In the UK, public schools are publicly-funded schools、7、Universities and higher education colleges enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant、8、In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years to complete、9、The Open University was intended to give opportunities to adults who have been unable to take conventional higher education、10、More than 70 British citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science, second only to the United States、TTFFFFFTTT1、There are some _______ universities in Britain, including the Open University、A、70B、80C、90D、1002、The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _____________ centuries、A、12th and 13thB、13th and 14thC、14th and 15thD、15th and 16th3、The usual age for transfer from primary to secondary schools is _____________ in England, Wales and Northern Ireland、A、14B、13C、12D、114、In Britain, private schools are often called ______、A、comprehensive schoolsB、grammar schoolsC、secondary modern schoolsD、independent schools5、In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses ofa standard higher than ________ or equivalent、A、GCE O-LevelB、GCE A-LevelC、GCE AS-LevelD、GCSE6、In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes the following EXCEPT ____________、A、readingB、writingC、arithmeticD、science7、The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT _________、A、University of LeedsB、University of LiverpoolC、University of ManchesterD、University of Glasgow8、The leading scientific society in Britain is ________、A、the British Association for the Advancement ofScienceB、the Royal InstitutionC、the British AcademyD、the Royal SocietyCADDB DDD1、People in the UK spend most of their free time in the pub、2、The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeare’s birthplace、3、With the emergence of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who, British popular music led the world from the early 1980s、4、The British Library, the national library, is one of the world’s three largest、5、The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is The Times、6、The Channel 4 is state-owned, though it operates in a commercial way、7、The national sport of the UK is rugby、8、Cricket is popular in all the four home nations、9、Golf was born in Scotland、10、Tennis is the highest pro for the two weeks of the Wimbledon Championships、FFFTF TFFTT1、The largest and the most important museum in Britain is ____________、A、the British MuseumB、the Victoria and Albert MuseumC、the Imperial War MuseumD、the National Gallery2、Britain’s most popular pastime is ____________、A、reading newspaperB、watching TVC、playing footballD、horse racing3、The Times is a ____________ newspaper in Britain、A、quality dailyB、popular dailyC、quality SundayD、mid-market daily4、The Daily Mirror is a _________ newspaper in Britain、A、quality dailyB、popular dailyC、popular SundayD、mid-market daily5、Football has its traditional home in ___________、A、EnglandB、ScotlandC、FranceD、Italy6、_____________ is the most typical English sports、A、FootballB、RugbyC、CricketD、Horse racing7、Of the following four sports, _____________ has the longest history、A、cricketB、golfC、footballD、rugby8、The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from _________、A、ManchesterB、LiverpoolC、LondonD、EdinburghABABA CABUSA1、The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east、2、The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States、3、The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some of the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges、4、Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter、5、New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America、6、Washington D、C、is located in the Southern States Region、7、Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition、8、The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land thatcovers much of the center of the United States、9、Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries、10、Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas、FTFFT FTTTF1、The United States of America is the ____________ country in the world in size、A、largestB、second-largestC、third-largestD、fourth-largest2、____________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama、A、The Rocky MountainsB、The Appalachian HighlandsC、The Coast MountainsD、The Blue Mountains3、The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________、A、the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB、the Gulf of MexicoC、the Great LakesD、All of the above4、What is the leading commercial crop of the south?A、Cotton、B、Tobacco、C、Sugar cane、D、Rice、5、What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?A、Chicago、B、Detroit、C、Milwaukee、D、Cleveland、6、One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world、A、Lake SuperiorB、Lake MichiganC、Lake HuronD、Lake Ontario7、New England lies in __________ of the United States、A、the northern partB、the southern partC、the northeastern partD、the southeastern part8、The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ___________ climate、A、subtropicalB、continental desertC、maritimeD、Mediterranean9、The smallest state in the United States is ___________、A、WashingtonB、Rhode IslandC、HawaiiD、Maryland10、In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ___________、A、Los AngelesB、San FranciscoC、SeattleD、PortlandDBDBB ACDBA1、The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607、2、The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies、3、When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy、4、The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement, demanding government regulation of economy and social condition、5、The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States、6、The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s、7、Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned、8、The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992、TFFFF FFF1、The British established 13 colonies along _________、A、the west coast of North AmericaB、the west coast of South AmericaC、the east coast of North AmericaD、the east coast of South America2、In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because _________、A、whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB、the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC、the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD、the North wanted to put an end to slavery3、The Progressive Movement wanted to ________ in order to stop big business control、A、initiate strict government regulationB、have the government fix pricesC、break up all the big businessesD、do away with rebates4、The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of ____________ 、A、cultural revivalB、loss of purposeC、development in science and technologyD、material success and spiritual frustration5、The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s was first brought about by _____________、A、bank failures。

英语国家概况模拟试卷

英语国家概况模拟试卷英语专业《英语国家文化（I）》模拟练习卷1. European culture is made up of many elements, which have gone through changes over the centuries. Two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are: the Greco-Roman element, and the Judeo-Christian element.2. Around the 6th century AD, British Celts displaced from Glasgow and occupied the area around what is now Edinburgh.3. The island of Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland and Wales.4. The Good Friday Agreement assures that the Dublin government was able to make representations to the British government on matters affecting the northern Catholic minority.5. “Ulster”, referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom.6. As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute power.7. The term “parliament” was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and town.8. There are three major national parties in the UK: Labor, Conservatives, and Liberal Democrats.9. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.10. The southeast of England is the best agricultural land in Briatin.1. In the history of the UK, who is the hero against invaders by English people?A. King Arthur against Anglo-Saxons, the forefather of today’s English people.B. Alfred the Great against V ikings from Scandinavia in the Central Europe.C. William Wallace against King Edward the first.D. Llywelyn against King Edward the first.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Wales was invaded by the Romans.B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.C. Wales was threatened by the English.D. Wales was threatened by the Anglo-Saxons. 3. How many counties are there in Northern Ireland?A. 26B. 6C. 32D. 84. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came first ___.A. to protect CatholicsB. to maintain traffic order in Northern IrelandC. to protect ProtestantsD. to place the Royal Ulster since they were unable to keep social order5. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I6. Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A. UK constitution is unwritten.B. It is made up of Act of Parliament, Common laws, Equity laws and European Community legislation.C. Prime Minister summons and dissolves Parliament.D. Queen must assent to Bills passed by Parliament7. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?A. the Conservative governmentB. the Liberal governmentC. the Labor governmentD. the radical government8. Which of the following party adopts a “fatherly” sense of obligation to poorer people in the society?A. the Conservative PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. t he Party of WalesD. the Labor Party9. Which of the following about British economy is true?A. UK is still the world factory although it declined absolutely.B. British government did not elect to transit to Euro and instead retained the pound as its currency.C. Except for coal, natural gas, and oil, the UK has few natural resources.D. The best agricultural land in Britain is in the southwest of England.10. Which of the following is true about present UK’s schools?A. The minority of the students attend schools wholly or partly supported with public funds.B. Private school means good quality of education, better universities and better jobs for the wealthiermiddle class.C. “Public schools” in the UK are part of the national educational system and most of students attendthe public schools.D. In the UK those who pass the GNVQs exams will go to university.得分评卷人复核人I. Decide whether the following statements is true(T) or false (F). (1 point each, 10 points)得分评卷人复核人II. Choose the answer that best completes the statementor answers the question. (1 point each, 20 points)得分评卷人复核人III. Read the following statements and fill in theblanks. (1 point each, 20 points)1. In 1066, William Normandy crossed the English Channel and defeated an English army under _____. This marks the last time that an army from outside Britain succeeded in invading.2. In 1314, the Scots defeated English army under the leadership of Robert Bruce at the Battle of _____ and won the independence of Scotland for 300 years.3. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was of 1916, in which the rebels took over Dublin’s Post Office, forcing the British to retake it by military means.4. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in _____, but the process was overtaken by the WWI and was suspended for the duration of the war.5. The most important function of the Parliament is to ______.6._____, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, unitedEngland under his rule in 829.7. The Bill of Rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore _____.8. _____ was established by the Labor government in 1948, providing health care for all the people.9. The immigrants have problems of unemployment, under-representation in politics and unfair treatment by police and by the _____ system.10. Periodic national elections are very important in the western model of _____.1. The Provisional IRA2. The House of Lords3. V ote of No Confidence4. The Open UniversityDirections: Write a short essay after reading the following article. In the first part of your writing, you should summarize the characteristics of UK population. In the second part, you should explain some related concepts about it with the knowledge you learned in the Course.Britain’s predominant historical stock is called Anglo-Saxon. Germanic peoples from Europe—the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes—arrived in Britain in massive numbers between the 5th and 7th centuries AD. These people tended to be tall, blond, and blue-eyed. Their language became the foundation of the basic, short, everyday words in modern English. These groups invaded and overwhelmed Roman Britain, choosing to settle on the plains of England because of the mild climate and good soils. Native Britons fought the great flood of Germanic peoples, and many Britons who survived fled west to the hill country. These refugees and native Britons were Celts who had absorbed the earliestpeoples on the island, the prehistoric people known as Iberians. Celts tended to be shorter than Anglo-Saxons and have rounder heads. Most had darker hair, but a strikingly high percentage of Celts had red hair.After the Anglo-Saxon conquest, the Celts remained in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the West Country (the southwestern peninsula of Britain), where Celtic languages are still used to some extent and Celtic culture is still celebrated. This geographic separation between the Germanic Anglo-Saxons and the Celts has broken down over the centuries as people have migrated and intermarried.A substantial number of Scandinavians raided and settled in Great Britain and Ireland during the 9th century. By then the Anglo-Saxons had established agricultural and Christian communities, and eventually they succeeded in subduing and integrating the Scandinavians into their kingdoms. In 1066 the Normans, French-speaking invaders of Norse origin, conquered England, adding yet another ethnic component. Although the Normans were the last major group to add their stock to the British population, waves of other foreigners and refugees have immigrated to Britain for religious, political, and economic reasons. Protestant French sought refuge in the 17th century, sailors of African ancestry came in the 18th century, and Jews from central and Eastern Europe immigrated in the late 19th century and during the 1930s and late 1940s.Most British people attribute their origins to the early invaders, calling themselves English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, or Ulsterites. The Ulsterites are an ethnically controversial group—some claim they are Scottish and others identify themselves as Protestant Irish. The remaining share of the population areminorities who arrived, for the most part, in the decades following the end of World War II in 1945.These minorities—Chinese, Asian Indians, Pakistanis, Africans, and Caribbean people of African ancestry—came to Britain in substantial numbers after 1945. Immigration from the South Asian subcontinent (India and Pakistan) stabilized in the 1990s, but immigration from African countries continued to rise. By the late 1990s more than half of the people in these categories had been born in the United Kingdom. These newer ethnic groups tend to live in the more urban and industrial areas of England, especially in London, Birmingham, and Leeds. It is estimated that 60 percent of black Britons live in the London area, along with 41 percent of the Asian Indian population.得分评卷人复核人IV. Tell what you know about the following in yourown words. (5points each, 20 points)得分评卷人复核人V. Essay writing. (30 points)Although population censuses have been taken in the United Kingdom every decade since 1801, the 1991 census was the first to include a question on ethnic origin. More than 94 percent of the population is described as white. According to the most recent estimates, based on 1994 statistics, Asian Indians make up 1.5 percent of the British population; Pakistanis, 0.9 percent; Bangladeshis, 0.3 percent; Chinese, 0.3 percent; Caribbeans, 0.08 percent; and Africans, 0.03 percent.Irish immigration to Britain is unique. The Irish have migrated to Great Britain for centuries and continue to do so. If their descendants are included along with the 2.4 percent counted as ethnic Irish living in Great Britain today, they form a large component of the British population. Originally the Irishmigrated to Britain to perform hard labor, such as building the railroads, but in recent years college graduates with high-tech skills are making up a higher percentage of Irish immigrants. Some live in largely Irish communities and others are quickly and completely absorbed into mainstream society. All children born to Irish parents in Britain are called British. Any citizen of Ireland who settles in Britain automatically has British citizenship.The United Kingdom is generally a prosperous, well-educated, and tolerant society, and ethnic differences have sparked relatively little violence and hostility. Even so, black and Asian populations tend to cluster in certain urban neighborhoods, where economic and social disadvantages have become pronounced. There was significant rioting in the 1980s, which was attributed to several causes. One factor was tension between the predominantly white police force and the poorest ethnic communities. Another was competition between unskilled whites and unskilled workers from ethnic minorities. Still another factor was the resentment by white middle-class businesspeople, particularly smaller shopkeepers, of the keen competition presented by Asians, who tend to work long hours and have support from family members and members of their own ethnic community in running their businesses.Many individuals from ethnic minorities hold managerial and professional positions, and several sit in Parliament. Local and national government programs exist to seek fairness and justice for ethnic minorities. Educational programs and the law bolster equal opportunity. The Race Relations Act of 1976 makes it illegal to discriminate against any person because of race, color, nationality, or origin, and it is a criminal offense to incite racial hatred.From the 18th century until well into the 19th century, Britain’s population soared as the death rate dropped and the birth rate remained high. During this period the total population increased from approximately 6 million in the 1760s to 26 million in the 1870s. Toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century the birth rate stabilized and the death rate remained low. The population took on the characteristics of a modern, developed, and prosperous state. Family size decreased and the median age of the population rose. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of younger people and a higher percentage of older people, with 20.5 percent over the age of 60; those under the age of 15 years make up only 19.5 percent of the population. Life expectancy in 2005 was 76 years for men and 81 years for women. The British government has more strictly controlled immigration in recent decades, and emigration has continued steadily. Nevertheless, the population of the UK is expected to continue growing slowly.The United Kingdom has a population of 60,441,457 (2005 estimate), with an average population density of 250 persons per sq km (648 per sq mi). The population density of the United Kingdom is one of the highest in the world, exceeding most Asian and European nations. England is the most populated part of the United Kingdom, with 49,855,700 people (2003), which means more than four-fifths of the United Kingdom’s population resides in England. It is also the most densely populated portion of the United Kingdom, with a population density of 382 persons per sq km (990 per sq mi). Scotland possesses 5,057,400 people, and a population density of 64 persons per sq km (166 per sq mi). Wales has 2,938,000 people, with a population density of 142 persons per sq km (367 per sq mi). Northern Ireland’spopulation is 1,702,600, and it has 120 persons per sq k m (311 per sq mi).Britain’s population is overwhelmingly urban, with 88.9 percent living in urban areas and 11.1 percent living in rural areas. The Industrial Revolution built up major urban areas, and most of Britain’s people live in and around them to th is day. England’s population is densest in the London area, around Birmingham and Coventry in the Midlands, and in northern England near the old industrial centers of Leeds, Sheffield, Manchester, Liverpool, and Newcastle upon Tyne. In the 1980s and 1990s southern England, particularly the southeast, became a center of population growth, due in large part to the growth of the high-tech and service sectors of the economy.The population of Greater London is about 7 million (1995 estimate), making it by far the most populous city in the United Kingdom. It is the seat of government, center of business, and the heart of arts and culture. Birmingham is the second largest city, with 976,400 people. Other large cities in the United Kingdom include Leeds with 715,500, Glasgow with 578,700, and Sheffield with 513,100. Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, has a population of about 449,000; Cardiff, the capital of Wales, has 305,200 people; and Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, has a population of 277,200..。

自考00522英语国家概况模拟试题及答案8

自考00522英语国家概况模拟试题及答案8 一、单选题1．In the early 1850s,with the westward movement,the slavery issue became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because___.A．whether the future states formed as a result of the westward movement should be free or slave world affect the balance of power in the SenateB．the south insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC．the north refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD．the north wanted to put and end to slavery2．Higher education in the United States consists of___types of institutions.A．fourB．fiveC．sixD．seven3．It was___who first brought up the idea of containment.A．George MarshallB．Harry TrumanC．George KennanD．Franklin4．The"Lost Generation"refers to those who___.A．have no ambition in lifeB．are physically and spiritually impotentC．are homelessD．are expatriates5．Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of___.A．EasterB．ChristmasC．ValentineD．New Year’s Day6．Washington Irving’s most famous book The Sketch Book contains___.A．The Legend of Sleepy HollowB．Rip Van WinkleC．A History of New YorkD．Both A and B7．In the early 19th century,New York City was___.A．the capital of the United StatesB．the center of Harlem RenaissanceC．the center of knickerbockersD．None of the above8．The original inhabitants of New Zealand are called___.A．EskimosB．AboriginesC．IndiansD．Maoris9．___is the Maori name for New Zealand，meaning"land of the long，white cloud"．A．KiwiB．WaitangiC．MaoritangaD．Aotearoa10．In the 18th century,there appeared___in England,which owed a great deal to the invertion of machines. A．the Industrial RevolutionB．the Bourgeois ReformationC．the Wars of the RosesD．the Religious Reformation11．Northern Ireland，which takes up the northern fifth of Ireland，is a fourth political division of___. A．the United KingdomB．BritainC．the British IslesD．A or B12．Ireland is one of the most___countries of Europe.A．PuritanB．CatholicC．ChristianD．Protestant13．Which statement is NOT true about Ireland?A．Ireland is divided into two political unitsB．Northern Ireland is part of the United KingdomC．The Republic of Ireland is an independent countryD．Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds14．Why has Australia always been a continent with few people?A．Because Australia is too far away from EuropeB．Because Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continents C．Because Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasD．Because most of the continent is hot and dry15．In Australia___has the country’s richest farmland and best grazing land.A．the Great Western PlateauB．the Eastern HighlandsC．the Central Eastern LowlandsD．the Outback16．The Australian Constitution can only be changed by___.A．the Prime MinisterB．the Governor-GeneralC．the ParliamentD．referendum17．Which of the following is true？A．Canada is the world’s third largest country after Russia and ChinaB．Canada has a land area of about 10 million square KilometersC．Montreal is the largest city in CanadaD．Canada lies to the south of the United States18．It was___who established the settlement in Canada in 1608．A．Samuel de ChamplainB．John CabotC．Jacques CartierD．Henry Hudson19．Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal on the wrence River? A．John CabotB．Jacques CartierC．Samuel de ChamplainD．Henry Hudson20．What was the main cause of the Second World War?A．The main cause was big power struggle for control of the worldB．It was the world-wide economic crisisC．It was the military expansion of Japan,and GermanyD．Both B and C21．The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S.economy except___. A．the vast space and resources of the landB．the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC．English as its national languageD．hard work by the people22．The chief reason for early settlers to come to the New Continent was___.A．to seek better opportunityB．to escape religious persecutionC．to satisfy the urge for adventureD．A and B23．The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S.on the fourth Thursday of November is___. A．Independence DayB．Thanksgiving DayC．Washington’s BirthdayD．Halloween24．Which of the following may NOT be President Wilson’s achievements in his program of New Freedom? A．Making loans available to farmers at low ratesB．Adopting an income taxC．Regulating trusts by stating clearly the unfair business practicesD．Regulating railroad prices and their rebates25．When___,this was the beginning of American involvement in Vietnam.A．the United States decided to provide France with military aid in their fight in VietnamB．the United States started to provide aid for the South Vietnamese government after the Geneva Conference in 1954C．the United States sent more and more military advisers to South VietnamD．the United States began to Americanize the war in Vietnam26．In the 1900s with the development of industry and the extension of railroad network,there was a___in the United States.A．fast growth of populationB．rapid growth of military powerC．fast growth of labor unionsD．rapid growth of cities27．Traditionally，the mainstream Americans were called___.A．WASPsB．ChicanosC．New EnglandersD．Hispanics28．One of the important decisions at the Yalta Conference was___.A．the allied landing at NormandyB．the setting-up of a world organization,the United Nations,to manage peace and security after the war C．co-ordinated efforts in war against JapanD．None of the above29．New Freedom was the program of___.A．Henry TrumanB．Theodore RooseveltC．Woodrow WilsonD．Franklin Roosevelt30．The symbols that are associated with Valentine’s Day are the following except___.A．cards decorated with heartsB．Cupid armed with bow and arrowC．flowers tied with red ribbonsD．roast turkey31．According to the American Constitution,the United States has___.A．a federal system of governmentB．a unitary system of governmentC．a constitutional monarchD．three layers of rule32．In his inaugural speech___said that"the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."A．Woodrow WilsonB．Theodore RooseveltC．Franklin RooseveltD．George Washington33．No less than___nobles of royal blood were killed in the Wars of the Roses.A．80B．90C．100D．11034．Those who tried to destroy the hated machines during the English Industrial Revolution were called___. A．DestroyersB．BreakersC．UnionistsD．Luddites35．The modern games of tennis originated in___in the late 19th century.A．EnglandB．ScotlandC．WalesD．Ireland36．Which of the following statements is not true about the Bishop's courts?A．They could inflict corporal punishmentB．They could punish by means of censureC．They could punish by means of excommunicationsD．They could punish by means of penance37．Which of the following is NOT the non-Christian communities in Britain?A．JewsB．BuddhistsC．PentecostalistsD．Moslems38．In___each year the National Film Theatre hosts the London Film Festival,at which some 250 new films from all over the world are screened.A．SeptemberB．OctoberC．NovemberD．December39．Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth?A．Members of nations are joined together politicallyB．The Commonwealth has special powersC．The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by BritainD．It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.40．___became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.A．ComumbaC．St.AugustineD．Egbert41．There are three political divisions on the islands of great Britain.They are___. A．Britain,Scotland and WalesB．England,Scotland and WalesC．Britain,Scotland and IrelandD．England,Scotland and Ireland42．In___,the name Great Britain came into being.A．1689B．1702C．1701D．170743．The English Civil War is also called___.A．the Glorious RevolutionB．the Bloody RevolutionC．Wars of the RosesD．the Puritan Revolution44．In the Industrial Revolution，changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of___. A．potteryB．hardwareC．textilesD．chemicals45．The war of Roses ended with the failure of___.A．the House of LancasterB．the House of StuartC．the House of YorkD．the House of Plantagenet46．During the British Civil Wars(1642-1651),the supporters of Parliament were called___. A．CavaliersB．RoyalistsC．FederalistD．Roundheads47．In Britain police officers are not allowed to join___or to go on strike.B．a political partyC．a trade unionD．a club48．Which of the following statements in NOT true?A．Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653 by the Petition of Right B．Oliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion in IrelandC．Oliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers,a group within his own army who advocated total religious and social equalityD．Oliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen by himself49．Britain is the___largest trading nation in the world.A．fourthB．fifthC．sixthD．seventh50．Which of the following statements is NOT true?A．Elizabeth I broke Mary's ties with RomeB．Elizabeth I restored her father's independent Church of EnglandC．Elizabeth I's religious reform was a compromise of viewsD．Elizabeth I's religious settlement was acceptable to both extreme Protestants and ardent Catholics二、简答题1．What kind of the economic system does the United States have?2．What are the two special powers of the Senate?3．Why did the Civil War break out?4．What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?5．What does IRA stand for?6．What does ACT stand for in Australian political division?7．What kind of system of government does Canada have?8．Why is December 26th called“Boxing Day”?9．Why is King Alfred known as“the father of the British navy”?10．What’s the official name of Britain?三、名词解释题1．winner-take-all2．Separation of powers3．Constitutional Monarchy 4．Alfred the Great附：部分试卷答案一、单选题1．答案：a2．答案：c3．答案：c4．答案：b5．答案：a6．答案：d7．答案：c8．答案：d9．答案：d10．答案：a。

全国自考(英语国家概况)模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)

全国自考（英语国家概况）模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 简答题 3. 名词解释单项选择题1．The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones. The two large islands are ______and ______. ( )A．Great Britain; IrelandB．Great Britain; EnglandC．Scotland; WalesD．Great British; Northern Ireland正确答案：A解析：不列颠诸岛是由两个大岛和几百个小岛组成的。

两个大岛是不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛。

2．The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly ______and they pulled out in AD 4( )A．six centuriesB．the whole of the Middle AgesC．400 yearsD．a century正确答案：C解析：英国被罗马人占领了近400年。

3．The Great Charter of 1215 is also known as______. ( )A．People’s CharterB．Magna CartaC．King’s CharterD．the Declaration of Human Rights正确答案：B解析：1215年大宪章又叫Magna Carta，它的精神是限制王权，置王权于封建法律的约束下。

A项的人民宪章是1836—1848年宪章运动中起草的有关人民政治要求的宪章。

4．The 1381 peasant uprising in England was directed against the______. ( ) A．rich clergy and landownersB．rich merchants and industrialistsC．the Parliament and lordsD．the Hundred Years’ War正确答案：A解析：英国1381年的农民起义具有真正的社会性，把矛头直接对准了富有的教职人员、律师和地主。

(完整版)英语国家概况课程习题(附答案)

英语国家概况课程习题英语国家概况（1）模拟试题1I. Fill in the blanks:1.Britain consists of _4___ nations, including England,_Scotland____,_Wales______ and Northern Ireland______.2.The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in __5th______ century.3.The capital of Britain is ___London___ which has great influence on the UK inall fields including______government_, _finance______and __culture_____ 4.The capital of Scotland is _Edinburgh_____, which is well-known for itsnatural5._Egbert______, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth 11, united Englandunder his rule in 829.6.In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen_______ while the real centre ofpolitical life is in the House of Commoms______7.The British Constitution consists of _statute law______, __common law_____,and ___conventions____.8.The most important function of the Parliament is to ___pass laws____._______,9.Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen _______, theHouse of Lords_______and the House of Commons_______.10.Life peers should be nominated by _the Prime Minister______ and appointedby _the sovereign______.11.The UK is divided into __651_____ constituencies with each of themrepresented by a member in _the parliment________12.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _thegoverment______and its party leader becomes _prime minister________13.Normally, a government can be in power for __5_____ years, and then it has toresign and hold a general election.14.There are three major parties in the UK: _the Conservative__Party____ theLiberal ANDDemocratic party_______ and the LabourParty_______.15.From 1979 to 1997, ___the _Conservatuve Party___ won 4 consecutiveelections and was in power for quite a long time.16.The two oldest universities in Britain are__Cambridge_____ and _Oxford______.17.Australia, as the World's _SMALLEST______ continent and .largest_______island, has a population which is__small_____ in relation to its size.18.Geologically, Australia can be divided into three parts: _the Easternhighlands______ , which is also know as the_Great DividingRange______ , and which runs almost parallel to the eastern coast from northern Queens land to southern Tasmania; the Central Eaetern lowlands_______, which extends from the Gulf of Carpentries in the north to _Eastern SouthArstralia______ and the western Victorian coast; and the Great Western Plateau, which covers most of Western Australia_______, much of the Northern Territory_______ and South Australia, and part of __Western Queenlands_____.19.New Zealand is in the ____south-west Pacific___ Ocean. ___Australia____ is itsnearest neighbour. The __North Island_____ and the __South Island_____ are its two main land masses. They are separated by __Cook Strait_____20.The Head of State of New Zealand is _Queen Elizabeth 2______. She isrepresented in New Zealand by a __Covernor-General_____ whose most important task is to call upon the leader of the _majority_party_____ to form a government after an election.21.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of _1492_______22.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today'sVirginia_______ in the year of ___1607____23. A federal system is one in which _power______ is shared between __a centralauthority_____and its constituent parts _______with some rights reserved to each.24.The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: theexecutive_______, __the legislative_____ and __the judiciary_____25.The Congress is divided into the House of representatives_______ with_435______ members who serve two-year terms, _the senate_______ with_100_ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.26.Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are knownas __lobbies_____27.The Supreme Court is composed of _one______ chief justice and 8~ associatejustices.28."WASP, stands for _White Anglo Saxon__Protesant____.29.In area, Canada is the _second_______ country on earth.30.Canada consists of ___10_______ provinces and ____3____territories.第一卷选择题答案BDACA BBCDD ACBCB ADACA BAABA DCCBC BBDAD BCDCC BDABB D。

英语国家概况练习汇编(含答案)

1. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern D . western2. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Welsh3. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. SpeyD. Severn4. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. England5.The capital of Australia is______A.CanberraB.SydneyC.DarwinD.Melbourne6.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _______A. DenmarkB. BelgiumC. The NetherlandsD.France7. Australia’s National Day falls on______, the date of the first European settlement in AustraliA.A.January 26B.February 15C.July 4D.November 118. ______granted Canada full legislative authority in domestic and external affairs.A.Peace TreatyB.British American ActC.Act of UnionD.Statute of Westminster9. General elections are held about every______years in New Zealand with two main parties competing with each other.A.3B.4C.2D.510. Most of Canada’s French Canadians live in the Province of______A.QuebecB.OntarioC.Nova ScotiaD.Saskatchewan11. Education in Britain is generally supported by______.A.students themselvesB.private sourcesC.public fundsD.businesses12. Abraham Lincoln belonged to___________.A.the Federalist PartyB.the Republican PartyC.the Whig PartyD.the Democratic Party13. Among the following,___________does not belong to New England, the birthplace of AmericA.A.New HampshireB.SeattleC.VermontD.Rhode Island14. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William IID. James I15. The largest river in Ireland is the _____, which provides electric power for much of the Republic.A. Missouri RiverB. Shannon RiverC. Severn RiverD. Thames RiverCBBDA DADAA CBBAB1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times2. King Arthur was the king of _____.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex5. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts6. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B7. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 1035D. 11068. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 1784D.1778, 17899. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end10. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poetD. composer11. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish12. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon13. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval14. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryD. Statue of Westminster15. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America16. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland17. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock TowerD. the Queen18. Under ______, the feudal system in England was completely established.A. King AlfredB. Henry IIC. Edward ID. William the Conqueror19. The Hundred Years’ War broke out because of_________.A. economic conflictsB. territorial issuesC. both economic and territorial disputesD. both territorial and religious disputes20. ________was generally considered the transitional period between the Middle Ages and modern times, covering the years c.1350-c.1650A. The ReformationB. The RenaissanceC. The RestorationD. The Glorious Revolution BBBAB DBACB BABBC CBDCB1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditaryD. dictatorial2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15thD. 16th3. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. House of LordsD. House of Commons4. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.A. fourB. sixC. fiveD. seven5. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council6. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades MountainsD. the Appalachians;7. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. WyomingD.Alaska8. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. MichiganD. Ontario9. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. VirginiaD. Washington10. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The westernD.southeastern11. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. BostonD. Washington D.C.12. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. VictoriaD. Michigan13. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific C. Arctic14. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. AlaskaD. Texas15. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourthD. sixth16. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bambooD. cotton17. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San FranciscoD. Detroit18. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto RicansD. aborigines19. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropicalD. arctic20. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificD. the ArcticCABCA ACCAB AACCC ABBCC1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 1776D.17872. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New YorkD. Washington D.C.4. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 1714D. 1778, 17875 The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker HillD. Trenton6. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago7. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 1787D. 50, 17878. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James MadisonD. George Washington9. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. RichmondD. Saratoga10. In 1900, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth11. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. politicalD. racial12. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 1919D.1916, 192013. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, AlliesD. Axis, Central Powers14. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. CasablancaD. Potsdam15. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec16. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran TreatyD. Potsdam Proclamation17. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etC., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Cairo18. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman DoctrineD. McCarthyism19. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean WarD. World War II20. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet UnionD. China21. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194522. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New DealD. McCarthyism23. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. JapaneseD.German24. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson25. The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A. “Rip Van Winkle”B. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”C. “The Adventures of a German Student”D. “Cabbages and Kings”26. _____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A. Mark TwainB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Herman MelvilleD. Ernest Hemingway27. _____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Wilt WhitmanC. Tennessee WilliamsD. Washington Irving28. Thanksgiving Day is originated in _____.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada29. Most Americans are _____ from different countries.A. blacksB. IndiansC. emigrantsD. immigrants30. Valentine’s Day falls on _____.A. July 4thB. March 21stC. February 14thD. December 25th31. Halloween is a _____.A. summer festivalB. night-time festivalC. sweethearts’ holidayD. pilgrims holiday32. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. PresidentD. Parties33. The general election in America is held every _____ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 334. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.A. donkeyB. elephantC. eagleD. horse35. In the US,_____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress36. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____.A. tigerB. elephantC. donkeyD.eagle37. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____.A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitution and the rule of law38. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive39. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. the CongressC. the CabinetD. the president’s committee40. The Federal Government and the states governments are supposed to _____ each other.A. guideB. controlC. keep independence fromD. checkBDABB BBBBA CBCBC BABCC ACCCABABCC BABAB BBBBC1. The United States has _______ states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48 d. 352. The state of ______ is the largest in area of all the states in the US.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. Texas d. Florida3. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at _______.A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, Virginia d. Plymouth, Georgia4. ______ is the head of New Zealand government.A. The British monarchB. The Governor GeneralC. The Prime MinisterD. The President5. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in _______.A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17936. The terms for a Senator and Representative are _____ and ______ years.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two7. The National Day of the United States falls on _________ .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th8. On average, members of the House of Commons are elected for a maximum of _____ years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six9. Australia’s economy depends largely on _______.A. agricultureB. manufacturingC. foreign tradeD. tourism10. ____ were the first group of people who arrived on the islands of New Zealand.A. MaorisB. EuropeansC. AustraliansD. ChineseCACCB DBCCA。

英语国家概况自考试题及答案

英语国家概况自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语作为官方语言的国家数量是：A. 5个B. 6个C. 7个D. 8个答案：C2. 美国的首都是：A. 纽约B. 华盛顿特区C. 洛杉矶D. 芝加哥答案：B3. 英国的货币单位是：A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B4. 澳大利亚的国庆日是哪一天？A. 1月1日B. 7月4日C. 12月25日D. 1月26日答案：D5. 加拿大的官方语言包括：A. 英语和法语B. 英语和西班牙语C. 法语和德语D. 英语和德语答案：A6. 新西兰的首都是：A. 奥克兰B. 惠灵顿C. 基督城D. 但尼丁答案：B7. 英语中“Thanksgiving Day”指的是：A. 感恩节B. 圣诞节C. 万圣节D. 复活节答案：A8. 英国的哪个城市被称为“大学城”？A. 牛津B. 剑桥C. 爱丁堡D. 曼彻斯特答案：A9. 美国独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月17日D. 10月12日答案：A10. 英语中“Big Ben”是指：A. 一个著名的运动员B. 伦敦的一座钟楼C. 一个著名的电影D. 一个著名的乐队答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英语中“Black Friday”通常指的是感恩节之后的_________天，这一天标志着圣诞购物季的开始。

答案：第二天12. 英语中“Red Cross”是指国际性的志愿援助组织，其标志为_________十字。

答案：红13. 英语国家中，_________是唯一一个以英语为主要语言的亚洲国家。

答案：菲律宾14. 美国的自由女神像位于_________市。

答案：纽约15. 英语中“Easter”指的是_________节，是基督教的重要节日之一。

答案：复活16. 英语中“St. Patrick's Day”是_________的国庆日。

答案：爱尔兰17. 英语中“Commonwealth”指的是英联邦，它是一个由_________国家组成的国际组织。

英语国家概况试卷

石河子大学 2008-2009 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷注意：请将所有试题答案做在试卷二上，做在试卷一上不得分试卷一Part I Choose the correct answer. (1 ’×50=50’)1．The British Isles are made up of ________A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC.three large islands and hundreds of small onesD.three large islands and Northern Ireland2.There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.They are_____A. Britain, Scotland and WalesB. England, Scotland and WalesC. Britain, Scotland and IrelandD. England, Scotland and Ireland3.In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from ________A. northern EuropeB. northern GermanyC. southern EuropeD. southern Germany4.It was _________ who laid the foundations of the English state.A. the VikingsB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons5._________ is perhaps the best-known event in English history.A. The Norman Conquest of 1066B. The Great Charter of 1215C. The Hundred Years’War with FranceD. The English Renaissance6. In the reign of the Norman kings ___________ flowered on the English soil.A. the German cultureB. the British cultureC. the Danish cultureD. the Norman culture 7. Black Death, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas, spread through Europe in the ____centuryA.13thB. 14thC. 15thD. 16th8.The English Renaissance achieved its finest expression in __________A. Elizabethan dramaB. Leonardo Da Vinci’s work sC. Thomas Moor’s worksD. Thomas Wyatt’s poems9. The English Civil War had been seen as a conflict between ________A. the Commons and the LordsB. the King and the BaronsC. Parliament and the KingD. the Crown and the Church10.Two of the most famous literary works of late 17th century England were John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and _________A. William Shakespeare ’s HamletB. Francis Bacon’s Essay sC. John Milton’s Paradise LostD. Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine11. In Britain, ________ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A. the ToriesB. the PuritainsC. the WhigsD. the Anglo-Americans12. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Britain became ________A.“the shop of the world”B.“the workshop of the world ”C.“the centre of the world ”D.“the leader of the worl d”13.________is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the English languageA. Christopher MarloweB. William ShakespeareC. Edmund SpenserD. Charles Dickens14.In Britain,the prime minister is the leader of the party that holds the most seats in___A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the SenateD. the House of Representatives15. In Britain, private schools or independent schools are called __________A. grammar schoolsB. high schoolsC. public schoolsD. state schools16. In American, the first English colony was founded at _______ in 1607.A. Jamestown, VirginiaB. Plymouth, MassachusettsC. New AmsterdamD. Boston, Massachusetts17. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ and _________A. Ireland/FranceB. England / China命题组组长签字：第 1 页(本试卷共 5 页 ) I II IIIC. Scotland / EnglandD. England / the Netherlands18. The British established 13 colonies along ___________A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America 19. The American War of Independence began with ________A. the battles of TrentonB. the Boston Tea PartyC. the battles of Lexington and ConcordD. the battles of Gettysburg 20. The declaration of Independence was drafted by ________ A. Abraham Lincoln B. John Adams C. Benjamin Franklin D. Thomas Jefferson 21. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by _______ during the Civil War A. George Washington B. Abraham Lincoln C. Thomas Jefferson D. Franklin Roosevelt 22. The 1920s in the U.S. has been described as a period of __________ A. cultural revival B. loss of purpose C. development in science and technology D. material success and spiritual frustration23. McCarthyism refers to the anti-Communist hysteria whipped up by senator McCarthy ______ A. after world war I B. during world war II C. in the early 1950s D. in the 1960s24. The famous leader of black movements in the U.S. in the 60s is _________ A. Abraham Lincoln B. George Garrison C. Douglas Moor D. Martin Luther King 25. The functions of institutions of higher education in the U.S. are _______ A. research and teaching B. teaching and degree awardingC. professional training, teaching and public serviceD. teaching, research and public service 26. Walt Whitman’s masterpiece is ________B. Song of MyselfD. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer27. The_____, the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide. A. Appalachians B. Rockies C. Blue Ridge Mountains D. Great Smokies 28. The American Constitution was drawn up in 1787 when _________A. the War of Independence was startedB. the War of Independence was wonC. the American Civil War was startedD. the American Civil War was won 29. 2. The general election in America is held every _____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 330. Among the following authors, the one who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, is __ A. T. S. Eliot B. Emily Dickenson C. Walt Whitman D. Richard Wright31. The legal holiday observed annually in the U.S. on the fourth Thursday of November is _____ A. Independence Day B. Thanksgiving Day C. Washington ’s Birthday D. Halloween 32. The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ____________. A. friendship and happiness B. peace and plenty C. cooperation and rich reward D. love and happiness33. By long custom, nationally observed holidays in the U.S. include the following except ______ A. Christmas B. Valentine’s Day C. Lincoln’s Birthday D. Mid -Summer’s Day 34. In terms of area Canada is the ________ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest35. The first British settlers in Canada were _______ who refused to fight against the British army the War of American Independence.A. French refugeesB. British merchantsC. American refugeesD. French reformers 36. Australia was originally inhabited by ________.第 2 页(本试卷共 5 页 )A. Leaves of GrassC. A tramp AbroadA. IndiansB. EskimosC. MaorisD. Aborigines37._______is the oldest of the Australian states because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.A. VictoriaB. New South WalesC. South AustraliaD. Queensland38._________is an integral and pervasive influence on national life and culture of Ireland.A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. Calvinist doctrineD. Idealism39.In Ireland,the constitution provides for both________as official languages.A. Irish and EnglishB. English and FrenchC. Irish and FrenchD. English and Welsh40. The capital of New Zealand is __________.A. WellingtonB. ChristchurchC. HamiltonD. Auckland41. The original inhabitants of New Zealand are called ________.A. EskimosB. AboriginesC. IndiansD. Maoris42.The largest city in Australia is_______.A.CanberraB.MelbourneC.SydneyD.Perth43.The climate in New Zealand is ________.A.subtropicalB.arcticC.temperateD.tropical44._______is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia.A.Federal governmentB.State governmentC.Territory assembliesD.Municipal government45.Of the following,____ is not among the 3 major Australian Parties.A.The Labor PartyB.The National PartyC.The Liberal PartyD.The Australian Democrats46.The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ______.A.1847B.1885C.1900D.190147.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depressio n was called.A. ProgressivismB. laissez faireC. New FreedomD. New Deal48._______is celebrated as New Zealand‘s National Day.A.February 6B.July 4thC.June 14thD.June 4th49.The most well-known Irish writer is _____. He introduces the stream of consciousness technique.A. Mark TwainB.Emily DickinsonC. James JoyceD.Charles Dickens50.In Ireland the head of state is the______.A.Prime MinisterB.PresidentC.British monarchD.General GovernorPart II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ’×10=30’)1.What is the official name of Great Britain?2. In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain?3. In Britain, what does BBC stand for?4.What are the two major political parties in the United States?5.What is the principal river in the United States?6. Why is Australia a dry land?7.When did Ireland declare itself a republic?8. What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?9. How many large cities do you know in Canada ?10. In New Zealand what is the Treaty ofWaittangi ?PartIII Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ’×4=20’)1. The Industrial Revolution2. English Renaissance3. The Declaration of Independence4. Separation of powers第 3 页(本试卷共 5 页 )石河子大学 2007-2008 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷学院：专业：班级：姓名：学号：授课教师：试卷二Part I Choose the correct answer. (1 ×50=50)1．[A][B][C][D] 2．[A][B][C][D] 3．[A][B][C][D] 4．[A][B][C][D] 5．[A][B][C][D]6． [A][B][C][D] 7． [A][B][C][D] 8． [A][B][C][D] 9． [A][B][C][D] 10 [A][B][C][D]11. [A][B][C][D]12. [A][B][C][D]13. [A][B][C][D]14. [A][B][C][D]15 [A][B][C][D] 16. [A][B][C][D]17. [A][B][C][D]18. [A][B][C][D]19. [A][B][C][D]20. [A][B][C][D]21. [A][B][C][D]22. [A][B][C][D]23. [A][B][C][D]24. [A][B][C][D]25. [A][B][C][D]26. [A][B][C][D]27. [A][B][C][D]28. [A][B][C][D]29. [A][B][C][D]30. [A][B][C][D]31. [A][B][C][D]32. [A][B][C][D]33. [A][B][C][D]34. [A][B][C][D]35. [A][B][C][D]36. [A][B][C][D]37. [A][B][C][D]38. [A][B][C][D]39. [A][B][C][D]40. [A][B][C][D]41. [A][B][C][D]42. [A][B][C][D]43. [A][B][C][D]44. [A][B][C][D]45. [A][B][C][D]46. [A][B][C][D]47. [A][B][C][D]48. [A][B][C][D]49. [A][B][C][D]50. [A][B][C][D]Part II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ×10=30) 1.What is the official name of Great Britain?2. In the election of 1979, who became the first woman prime minister in Britain?3. In Britain, what does BBC stand for?4.What are the two major political parties in the United States?5.What is the principal river in the United States?6. Why is Australia a dry land?7.When did Ireland declare itself a republic?8. What animal is regarded as a national symbol of New Zealand?9. How many large cities do you know in Canada ?10. In New Zealand what is the Treaty ofWaittangiPartIII Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ×4=20) 1. The Industrial Revolution2. English Renaissance3. The Declaration of Independence4. Separation of powers第 4 页(本试卷共 5 页 )石河子大学 2007-2008 学年第二学期英语国家概况考试试卷 (答案)Part I: Choose the correct answer. (1 ×50=50)6-10: D B A C C 16- 20: A D C C D 26-30: A B B B A 36-40: D B B A A 46-50: D D A C BPart II Give one-sentence answer to the following questions. (3 ×10=30)1． The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2． Margaret Thatcher3． British Broadcasting Corporation4． The Republic Party and the Democratic Party. 5． The Mississippi6． Because more than half of Australia is covered by dry lands. 7． In 1949 8． The Kiwi.9． Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver .Part Ⅲ Explain the following items either in English or in Chinese. (5 ’×4=20’)1. The Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanizaton ofindustry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries.2. English Renaissance: Politically, the English Renaissance marks the end of the period ofcivil war among the old feudal aristocracy in mid-15th century, and the establishment of a modern, efficient, centralized state. Technically, the date is close to that of the introduction of printing into England. And culturally, the first important period in England was the reign of the second Tudor monarch, Henry VIII.3. It it an important document in the war of Independence. Thomas Jefferson drafted theDeclaration of Independence. On July 4,1776, the Congress adopted the declaration. It marked the indepencence of the United States.4. Separation of powers is the concept thought to be the safeguards of the U.S. government.The government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check or block the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called“caecks and balances ”10.It ’s an agreement between the chiefs of the Maori people and the Brithish Crown.第 5 页(本试卷共 5 页 )1-5: A B B D A 11- 15: A B B B C 21-25: B D C D D 31-35: B B D B C 41-45: B C C B D。

英语国家概况试题及答案

英语国家概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语是以下哪个国家的官方语言？A. 中国B. 法国C. 美国D. 巴西答案：C2. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 巴黎C. 柏林D. 罗马答案：A3. 英语国家中，哪个国家是英联邦的创始成员？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 澳大利亚D. 新西兰答案：B4. 英语中“Thank you”的意思是：A. 不客气B. 你好C. 谢谢D. 对不起答案：C5. 英语中“Good morning”通常用于：A. 晚上B. 早上C. 中午D. 下午答案：B6. 英语国家中，哪个国家以英语为第二语言？A. 印度B. 中国C. 法国D. 德国答案：A7. 英语中“Please”的意思是：A. 谢谢B. 请C. 对不起D. 再见答案：B8. 英语国家中，哪个国家位于南半球？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 澳大利亚D. 英国答案：C9. 英语中“Excuse me”通常用于：A. 问路B. 打招呼C. 道歉D. 道别答案：A10. 英语国家中，哪个国家以英语为母语？A. 美国B. 加拿大C. 澳大利亚D. 所有选项答案：D二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. 英语国家中，_______（美国）是最大的英语使用国。

2. 英语是_______（联合国）的工作语言之一。

3. 英语国家中，_______（英国）是英语的发源地。

4. 英语国家中，_______（加拿大）的官方语言包括英语和法语。

5. 英语中，表示“再见”的常用语是_______（Goodbye）。

6. 英语国家中，_______（澳大利亚）的首都是堪培拉。

7. 英语国家中，_______（新西兰）位于太平洋地区。

8. 英语中，表示“不用谢”的常用语是_______（You're welcome）。

9. 英语国家中，_______（南非）是非洲唯一以英语为官方语言的国家。

10. 英语中，表示“请稍等”的常用语是_______（Just a moment）。

英语国家概况试题及答案

英语国家概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英语作为官方语言的国家不包括以下哪一个？A. 美国B. 英国C. 法国D. 加拿大2. 以下哪个国家不是英语国家？A. 澳大利亚B. 新西兰C. 印度D. 巴西3. 英语的发源地是：A. 美国B. 英国C. 澳大利亚D. 加拿大4. 英语中“Hello”一词的意思是：A. 再见B. 你好C. 谢谢D. 对不起5. 英语国家中，哪个国家有“枫叶国”之称？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚6. 英语国家中，以下哪个国家是君主立宪制？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚7. 英语国家中，哪个国家是联邦制国家？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚8. 英语国家中，以下哪个国家是双语国家？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚9. 英语国家中，以下哪个国家是英联邦成员国？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 所有选项10. 英语国家中，以下哪个国家是联合国安全理事会常任理事国？A. 美国B. 英国C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1. 英语国家中，______是唯一一个以英语为官方语言的亚洲国家。

2. 英语国家中，______是唯一一个以英语为官方语言的南美国家。

3. 英语国家中，______是唯一一个以英语为官方语言的非洲国家。

4. 英语国家中，______是唯一一个以英语为官方语言的大洋洲国家。

5. 英语国家中，______是唯一一个以英语为官方语言的欧洲国家。

三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 请简述英语国家中，英国的地理位置及其主要特点。

2. 请简述英语国家中，美国的国家体制及其主要特点。

四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. 论述英语国家中，加拿大的多元文化政策及其对世界的影响。

2. 论述英语国家中，澳大利亚的自然环境和经济发展。

五、翻译题（每题5分，共10分）1. 请将以下英文句子翻译成中文：“English is the most widely spoken second language in the world.”2. 请将以下中文句子翻译成英文：“英语是世界使用最广泛的第二语言。

（完整版）英语国家概况试题库

（完整版）英语国家概况试题库英语国家概况试题库I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10%)1. The Constitution of the United States was framed in Philadelphia in _________.A. 1776B. 1783C. 1787D. 16202. In the United States, the Department of ______ advises the President on foreign relations.A. DefenseB. StateC. CommerceD. Labor3. Representatives in the Unites States are elected _________.A. annuallyB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years4. Which of the following has the power to make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president5. The New Deal was started by ________.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson6. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. IslamD. Judaism7. Which of the following is NOT a power of the President in the U.S.?A. To veto the bills passed by the CongressB. To appoint federal judges when vacancies occurC. To propose legislation to the CongressD. To make laws8. The first Catholic President in the U.S. was _______.A. John F. KennedyB. George WashingtonC. Abraham LincolnD. George W. Bush9. Due to his firm belief in non-violent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. Malcolm XB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. James Farmer10. In 1972, U.S. President _____ made a trip to China to improve relations with thePeople’s Republic of China.A. CarterB. TrumanC. BushD. Nixon11. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. The NormansC. The Danish VikingsD. The Romans12. ________ is the smallest of the four parts of Great Britain.A. EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland13. All of the following are major national parties in Great Britain except ________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal DemocratsD. the Republican Party14. In Britain, a “vote of no confidence” is decided by _________.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the two major partiesD. the Prime Minister15. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ___________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools16. Through the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to _____.A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools17. Which of the following is not involved in making the foreign policy in Britain?A. The QueenB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the CabinetD. The Ministry of Defence and the Treasury18. Which group of people CANNOT vote in the general election?A. Members in the House of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. The UK citizens above the age of 18D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic19. Halloween is celebrated on __________.A. October 31stB. November 5thC. March 17thD. December 25th20. All of the following was invented in Britain except ________.A. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricketII. Define terms1. Bill of Rights in the United States[The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. It was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.]2. Judicial review[Judicial review refers to the power of the Supreme Court to decide whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.]3. The strategy of preemption in U.S. foreign policy[It is also known as the Bush Doctrine. In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction or has the potential to have such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the US is attacked.]4. The House of Lords[The House of Lords consists of the Lord Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England; and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords whoeither have inherited the seat from their forefathers or have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.]5. Comprehensive schools (in Britain)[Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.]6. Constitutional monarchy (in Britain)[Constitutional monarchy is a monarchy in which the powers of the ruler are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. In Britain, the Queen is the official head of state, but her powers are largely traditional and symbolic. The constitution allocates the rest of the government’s power to the legislature and judiciary.]7. Federalism[A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.]8. Counterculture[In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the counterculture. It rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.The cou nterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriages, career and success.]9. Affirmative Action[It is a program that seeks to redress past discrimination through active measures to ensure equal opportunity, as in education and employment.]10. Blues (music)[Blues refers to a type of slow, sad music from the Southern US, from the city of New Orleans. It is derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual – a form of hymn singing prevalent in African American Christian churches. The tradition of the vocal ballad usually accompanied by a guitar also contributed to the form of Blues. The music of the Blues has a peculiar, poignant sadness. The lyrics of the blues pieces are sardonic filled with wry, self-deprecating humor.]11. Sep. 11 terrorist attack[On September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four American passenger planes, two smashing into the World Trade Towers, one into the Pentagon, and the fourth one smashing into the fields in Pennsylvania as a result of the struggle by the passengers. 3,000 innocent lives were lost in the terrorist attacks. The whole world was shocked, and anti-terrorism became a priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all over the world.]12. The House of Commons[The House of Commons is the real center of British political life because it it the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.]13. Grammar schools[It is a type of secondary schools in Britain. Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 through an examination called “11 plus”. Those children with the highest marks go to grammar schools, which lay emphasis on advanced academic subjects rather than the more general curriculum of the comprehensive schools and expect many of their pupils to go on to universities.]14. Puritanism[Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings are predestined by God before they are born. Some are God’s chosen people while others are damned to hell. Neither church nor good work can save people. The sign of being God’s elect is succ ess in his work or prosperity in his calling. They also argue that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs have produced a great impact upon American culture.]15. New Deal[The New Deal refers to the domestic reform program of the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is generally considered to consist of two phases. In the first phase (1933—1934), attempts were made to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression through programs of agricultural and business regulation, inflation and price stabilization. In the second phase (1935—1941), social and economic legislation was provided to benefit the mass of working people.]III. Answer questions briefly.1. What are the four basic requirements for secondary school students who want to apply for a respected university in the United States?[Four requirements for university applicants in the United States: high school records; recommendations from high school teachers; impression during interviews by the university; scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.]2. Describe briefly the three-tiered national court system of the U.S.[America federal court system consists of three levels: the Supreme Court, federal court of appeal, and federal district court.]3. Describe the four categories of institutions which comprise the system of higher education in the United States.[American higher education system is composed of four categories: the universitywhich can confer bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees; the four-year undergraduate institutions; the technical training institution; and the two-year college or community college.]4. List the roles of the monarchy in Britain today.[The role of the monarch today is primarily a symbol of tradition and the unity of the state. Besides, she is legally the head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, commander in chief of the armed forces, and supreme governor of the Church of England. She also acts as advisor of the Prime Minister.]5. What factors play an important role in the contemporary foreign policy of UK? [Answer: Contemporary foreign policy of UK is influenced mainly by three factors: its imperial history, its geopolitical traits, and its special relationship with the United States.]6. It is said that British history has been a history of invasions. What are the major invasions?[The major invasions in the history of Britain include the Roman invasion in 43 A.D., the invasion by the Angles and the Saxons, the invasion by the Vikings from Scandinavia, and the Norman Conquest.]7. Illustrate the principle of checks and balances with examples.[It is a principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power. Example of checks and balances: the president has the power to veto bills and suggest bills; the judges are appointed by the president; the Congress can impeach the president; the Supreme Court has the power to decide whether a law or directive is constitutional (judicial review).]8. What are the major functions of British Parliament?[The functions of British Parliament are: to pass laws; to vote for taxation; to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure; and to debate the major issues of the day.]9. What were the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?[The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the power of government came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of government was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.]10. What are the powers of the US president?[The president can propose legislation to Congress. He canveto any bill passed by Congress. But the veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote in both houses. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He has other broad authorities in running departments and handling foreign relations.]11. What are the two major concerns of many Americans about their political system? Why?[One concern is about the high cost of campaigning for public office, which may force candidates to spend more time raising money than dealing with important issues. The other concern is about the influence of the organized interest groups, which provide most of the money for political campaigns and thus pressurize the government officials to make policies in their favor.]12. What are the major features of American religion?[American religion is characterized by three major features. One is the harmonious co-existence of various religions. The second is the co-existence of strong religious beliefs and social progress. The Third is independence of church in terms of finance and building, and little concentration on doctrine or religious argument.]IV. Comment.1. Is American President directly elected by the people? Give reasons to support your idea.2. Describe the procedures of American presidential election.3. Discuss the factors which have contributed to the special relationship between Britain and the United States.4. Comment on the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s in America.5. Discuss the structure of British government today.6. Discuss the racial problems between black and white in the United States.7. How does the US Constitution divide power among the three branches of government? How do the branches check and balance each other?8. Make a comparison and contrast between British government and American government.9. Analyze the major principles of government in the Constitution of U.S.。

《英语国家概况》模拟试卷(二)

《英语国家概况》模拟试卷（二）(考试时间150分钟) (英语专业)I. Direction: Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A; B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet (25%)1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council7. Irish broadcasting began in ______ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 19368. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______.A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world’s grain and s upplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh13. Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.A. StateB. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington’sB. Thomas Jefferson’sC. Abraham Lincoln’sD. Franklin Roosevelt’s15. The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A. Arthur PhilipB. Mathew FlindersC. Port JacksonD. Peter Lalor16. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain’s lead and declared war on ________.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ______ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th18. Northern provinces and territories tale up _____ of Canada.A. halfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths19. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%D. 18%20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday.A. children’sB. men’sC. women’sD. old men’s21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.A. the Great Western PlateauB. the OutbackC. the Eastern HighlandsD. the Central Eastern Lowlands22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____.A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth23. New Zealand is the world’s largest exporters of ________.A. lambB. expertiseC. honeyD. potatoes24. Today _____ is Ireland’s most influential daily.A. the Irish PressB. the Irish IndependenceC. the Irish TimesD. the Irish Daily25. In the United States, _____ is a leading commercial crop in the South.A. cottonB. tobaccoC. peanutD. appleII. Directions Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true of false. Put T if you think it is true of F if you think it is false in the corresponding space on you answer sheet. (15%)1. ______ William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.2. ______ In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King’s opponents.3. ______ The Chartists could be roughly divided into two groups: the Moral Force Chartists andthe Physical Force Chartists.4. ______ In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. ______ The British criminal law presumes the innocence of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.6. ______ As committed to the goal of a united Ireland, Dublin refuses to negotiate a settlement of the problem of Northern Ireland with London.7. ______ After the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was never practiced against black Americans.8. ______ When the Korean War broke out in June, 1950, Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.9. ______ Canada possesses rich and vast natural resources which are significant in the Canadian economy.10. ______ The rich green mountains and valleys make New Brunswick Nova Scotia, Prince Edward island, and Newfoundland the most beautiful in Canada.11. ______ The minerals and energy industry is supplementary to the Australian economy.12. ______ Captain Matthew Flinder’s exploratory voyage to Australia between 1802 and 1803 brought a close to an era of European discovery.13. ______ In 1995, about 14% of the US population lived under the poverty line.14. ______ In 1948, Ireland voted itself out of the British Common wealth.15. ______ Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education.III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)1. The England Civil War not only overthrew _____ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.3. During the WW II, the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain met at ______, _______ and _______ conferences.4. The American War of Independence show that a ______ nation can defeat a _______ one.5. Canada’s early economic development was founded on a number of resource - based ______: fishing, forestry, _______ and mining.6. Britain is a welfare state which is funded out of ______ and ______.7. The government education departments _____ education policies and are also responsible for the ________ and training of teachers.8. The South’s lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials.9. The Senate serves a term of _____ years, and every two years, _______ of the Senators stands for re - election.10. Fianna Fail continues to demand that the British be withdrawn from ______ but it opposes the use of violence to achieve this goal.11. Australia’s two territories ar e Australian Capital Territory and ________.12. Australia’s rural children can learn their lessons through a radio educational system called _____.13. According to the Treaty of Waitangi, if Maori owners wanted to sell _______, only the Crown had the right to ______.14. Mrs. Thatcher’s government used both _____ and _______ policies to improve the efficiency of the British economy in the 1980’s.15. In 1885 ________ was completed and the country was linked from coast to coast.16. Ireland is a ______ republic and a unitary state under the 1937 Constitution.17. The highest peak of Britain is ______. It is about ________ meters high, located in the Highlands of Scotland.18. ________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.19. In the 1770s _______ visited New Zealand and claimed it for England.20. The New York Stock Market crash of 1929 marked the beginning of ________.21. By 1918 car _______ had reached 2.5 million, which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on ______.22. The Paris Conference ending the First World War was dominated by the Big Four: the United States, _______, France, and _______.23. Many of Canada’s earliest settlements were founde d by fur traders and _______.24. Besides the Great Lakes, Canada is also endowed with three “inland seas”, known as _______, Lake Winnipeg and ________.25. In the UK, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House becomes _______, with is one leader, and forms a ________.26. The Governor - General of a Commonwealth state is appointed by the Queen on the advice of ______ of the country concerned and completely independent of the British Government.27. In 1453 England was at last defeated in the ______ Years War. At that time power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ______ nobles.28. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.29. The legislative body in the province of Quebec is called the “National Assembly” while in Newfoundland it is called ________.30. Canadian law has its source in ______ and judicial _____, and also in British “common law”.31. During World War II, Australian women took over the _______ left vacant by men who were engaged in the _______ effort.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Thatcherism2. diversity of American education3. the Canadian Shield4. Australia’s service industries5. the New DealV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?4. Sinn FeinVI. Directions: Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?全国高等教育自学考试模拟试卷(二)英语国家概况参考答案I.1. C2. B3. B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. D9. D 10. B11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A21. B 22. D 23. A24. C 25. AII.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T10. T 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. TIII.1. the feudal system2. John Bunyon, John Milton3. Teheran; Yalta; Potsdam4. strong5. industry; agriculture6. contributions national insurance, taxation7. formulate; supply8. abundant; raw9. one, one third10. Northern Ireland11. Northern Territory12. School of the air13. land; buy14. macreconomic, microeconomic15. the Canadian Pacific Railway16. Parliamentary17. Ben Nevis; 1,300018. England19. Captain James Cook20. the Great Depression21. registration; wheels22. Britain; Italy23. trappers24. Great Bear Lake; Great Slave Lake25. the Opposition, Shadow cabinet26. the ministers27. Hundred, ambitious28. Cavaliers, Roundheads29. House of Assembly30. Acts; decisions31. jobs, warsIV.1. ThatcherismThe election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state - owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.3. the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, and tens of thousands of lakes and swamps.4. Australia’s service industriesService industries are also called “tertiary industy”. This sector now includes an additional “quaternary” level, which covers the research, processing and storage of information. Australia’s service sector is the fastestgrowing one. It has been growing in importance, due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by government of educational, health and welfare services.5. the New DealIn order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. TheNew Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.V.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.VI.1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the DemocraticParty was dominant, with short interruptions.Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.。

英语国家概况1模拟题(3套).doc

B Grain legume, wheat, and sugar-cane D wheat, sugar-cane and cotton B secondary education D private education (专科)英语国家概况1模拟题一I There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at thecorresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)1. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A in the HighlandsB in the LowlandsC in the UplandsD in the west of Scotland2. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for:A its most famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway"B its rich cultural lifeC its low living standardsD its endless political problems 3. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?A in the southeast of EnglandB in the northeast of EnglandC in the southeast of ScotlandD in the northeast of Scotland4. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?AD.H Lawrence B Robert L. StevensonC Charles DickensD Walter Scott5. The first European settlement on the continent Australia began inA1902 B 1788 C 1770 D 17876. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?A footballB tennisC archeryD cricket7. On which day is Halloween celebrated?A 5 NovemberB 31 OctoberC 17 MarchD 25 December8. Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?A They are not from the aristocratic families.B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.9. Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?A BritainB RussiaC ItalyD United Sates 10. Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia? A The smallest continentB the largest islandC the highest continentD the driest continent 11. Australia's three most important field crops are. A Cotton, barley, and sugar-caneC wheat, barley, and sugar-cane12. TAFE is a form of:A primary educationC post-secondary education 13.is theoldest newspaper in Australia. A The Sydney Morning HeraldB The AustralianC The MercuryD The Australian Financial Review14. The first settlers of New Zealand were.A voyagers from East PolynesiaB European navigatorsC sealers and whalersD Christian missionaries15.The largest state in terms of area is:A QueenslandB New South WalesC Western AustraliaD Victoria16.The largest manufacturing sector in Australia is.A The ship-building industryB The secondary industryC The tertiary industryD The food-processing industry17.The aim of the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse is:A to ban the use of legal and illegal drugsB to ban the use of illegal drugsC to ban the use of illegal drugs among young peopleD to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal and illegal drugs18.Which of the following organizations Australia is NOT a member of?A The European CommunityB The United NationsC The General Agreement on Tariffs and TradeD The Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement19.In its imperial prime, Britain ruled:A a fourth of the globeB a fifth of the worldC a third of the worldD two-thirds of the earth20.Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?A Dairy productsB FishC WoolD OilII There are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)*Strictly speaking, the parliament today consists of 21, the House of Lords and 22.*In 1689, Parliament passed The Bill of Rights to ensure that the king would never be able to ignore 23.*Shakespeare's plays fall into three categories. They are 24, 25 and historicalplays.*The early decades saw the great poets of the Romantic Movement, such as 26, Shelley and 27.*The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh, which is well-known for its natural 28.*Pupils from the age of (29)to 11 mainly attend state-run primary schools.*(30 )is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.III.Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31The Scottish people all over the world celebrate their most beloved national poet by holding a Bums Supper on the evening of his death.32Beowulf is one of the oldest of the early "Old English" literary works.33MSc stands for Master of Science.34The international tennis championships was held in Wimbledon.35John Le Carre wrote Smiley "s People".36GCSE stands for General Certificate of Secondary Education.37.Diplomatic relations between Australia and China established in the1970s.38 Most advertising in Britain is carried in newspapers.39. Australia have five states.40BHP is The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, which is the biggest and most important iron and steel products producer in Australia.IV.Questions and answers. Answer the following questions in detail. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (30 points, 10 points for each)41.How do the British celebrate the Queen's Birthday? What is the origin of this holiday?42.Please explain independent schools in UK.43.Please introduce Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).(专科)英语国家概况1模拟题二I There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)1Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A the Anglo-SaxonsB the NormansC the VikingsD the Romans2Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A the cultural centreB the business centreC the financial centreD the sports centre3By whom is a “vote of no confidence" decided?A the House of CommonsB the House of LordsC the two major partiesD the Prime Minister4Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A Dr. FaustusB FrankensteinC Sense and SensibilityD Romeo and Juliet5Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?A cricketB skiingC golfingD horse racing6Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter?A rabbitsB eggsC chicksD haggis7Which of the following is NOT true about the "flats”?A They are not considered as the most desirable home.B They are usually two-storey buildings.C They are often publicly owned.D All of them are of low status and are very cheap.8Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council?A France, China, Germany, Russia and BritainB the United States, France, Britain, Germany and RussiaC China, Russia, France, Britain and the United StatesD China, Britain, France, United States and Japan9In Britain most advertising is carried.A in newspapersB in magazinesC on televisionD on radio10Which of the following is the world's oldest national newspaper?A The TimesB The ObserverC The GuardianD The Financial Times11The Commonwealth of Australia, a federation of the six former colonies as states, came into being on:AJan.18, 1788 B Jan.26, 1788C Jan. 1,1901D April 25,191412Which country/area is Australia's largest export market for beef and veal?A SingaporeB The United SatesC The Republic of KoreaD The Middle East13Schooling in Australia between the ages of 6 and 15 is:A freeB expensiveC compulsoryD optional14The Maori word "Marae" means.A Maori cultureB non- Maori or EuropeanC protocolD meeting house15The largest state in terms of population is:A QueenslandB New South WalesC Western AustraliaD Victoria16Who was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote?A United StatesB New ZealandC BritianD Australia17Australia also has external territories in:A the Arctic Ocean and the Indian OceanB the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic OceanC the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic OceanD the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic18The sole parent pension is available to:A all single parentsB single people caring for children under 16 or recipients of the child disability allowanceC single parents divorced with children under 16.D divorced or widowed old women19The Head of State of New Zealand is.A the Prime MinisterB the Governor-GeneralC the British monarchD the Ombudsman20Since the early 1960s,has grown to be Australia's largest trading partner?A JapanB GermanyC BritianD FranceII There are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)* The major imports of New Zealand are Machinery (21)and Minerals fuels.大Australia's three most important field crops are (22), (23)and (24).大(25)is the British oldest daily newspaper.大Schooling in Australia between the ages of (26)and 15 is (27).大The media are also affected by (28), a legal act which demands that all government information is kept (29)unless the government agrees.大On (30) __ each year, Protestant "Orangemen" march through the streets, celebrating theirvictory over the Catholics.III Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31William the Conqueror built the Tower of London.32. Joseph Conrad is the author of the Heart of Darkness.33 Spanish is the official language in Australia.34 In 1888 the first immigrants transported from Britain to Australia.35.The first immigrants transported from Britain to Australia.36On 30th October Halloween is celebrated.37Eisteddfod is the largest popular festival of music making and poetry writing now in Europe. 38.BHP is The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, which is the biggest and most important iron and steel products producer in New Zealand.39.Aboriginal people were the first inhabitants of Australia.40.The first settlers of New Zealand were from East Polynesia.IV. Questions and answers. Explain the following items. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points,6 points for each)41comprehensive schools42The Bronte sisters43Boxing Day(专科)英语国家概况1模拟题三I There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)1Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A the Anglo-SaxonsB the NormansC the VikingsD the Romans2Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A the cultural centreB the business centreC the financial centreD the sports centre3By whom is a “vote of no confidence" decided?A the House of CommonsB the House of LordsC the two major partiesD the Prime Minister4Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A Dr. FaustusB FrankensteinC Sense and SensibilityD Romeo and Juliet5Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?A cricketB skiingC golfingD horse racing6.Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?A footballB tennisC archeryD cricket7.On which day is Halloween celebrated?A 5 NovemberB 31 OctoberC 17 MarchD 25 December8.Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?A They are not from the aristocratic families.B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.9.Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?A BritainB RussiaC ItalyD United Sates10.Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?A The smallest continentB the largest islandC the highest continentD the driest continent11. Australia's three most important field crops are.A Cotton, barley, and sugar-caneB Grain legume, wheat, and sugar-caneC wheat, barley, and sugar-caneD wheat, sugar-cane and cotton12.TAFE is a form of:A primary educationB secondary educationC post-secondary educationD private education13In 1787, Britain decided to colonize Australia becauseA Captain Cook's account of his discovery was not interestingB Britain wanted to control the gold mines in AustraliaC Australia was an attractive place to English peopleD Britain needed new places to transport its criminals14The state that had the first British settlement is.A QueenslandB New South WalesC Western AustraliaD Victoria15Radio Australia is.A a domestic radio service in AustraliaB an English-language international radio serviceC the overseas service of the ABCD the overseas service of the SBS16Who was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote?A United StatesB New ZealandC BritainD Australia17Which of the following statements is correct?A Australia is the world's largest producer and exporter of woolB Australia is the world's largest exporter of agricultural productsC Australia is the world's largest producer and exporter of sugarD Australia is the world's largest producer and exporter of dairy products18Which of the following is NOT true about St Patrick?A He was once made a slave in IrelandB He brought Christianity to IrelandC He drove snakes out of IrelandD He was a druid19Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A FruitB MachineryC VehiclesD Mineral fuels20 In 1769…visited New Zealand and claimed it for BritainA Abel TasmanB James CookC Christian missionariesD sealers and whalersII There are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)*The island of Great Britain is made up of 21, 22 and Wales.*The most important function of the parliament is to 23.*Two famous public schools in England are (24)and (25) .*The (26)were the first inhabitants of Australia They have lived on the continental for 40 000 to 60 000 years. They lived on (27)and (28). Their lives were strictly governed by laws and observances.*The Australia's government system and practices follow the Western political tradition,especially those of (29) ___ and (30 ).III Match the English with its corresponding Chinese meaning. Write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31Many British people like to participate in the popular sport of fishing. It is sometimes called Angling. 32The majority of people in Scotland live in the Highlands.33Three major national parties in Britain are The Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats.34The British parliament consist of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.35The largest city in Scotland is Moray.36There are 1000 newspapers in Britain.37The capital of Australia is Canberra.38The official languages in New Zealand are English and Maori.39The international tennis championships is held in Wimbledon.40The ABC in Australia stand for Australian Broadcasting Corporation.IV Questions and answers. Explain the following items. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points,6 points for each)41the Anglo-Saxons42The Liberal Democrats43Postmodernism。

自考英语国家概况模拟试题

⾃考英语国家概况模拟试题⾃考英语国家概况模拟试题I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statements or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statements or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points, 1 point each)1.Around which period of time did the Celts start to arrive in Britain?A.3000B.C.B.2000 B.C.C.700 B.C.D.500 B.C.2.Who gives their name to the English people?A.the JutesB.the SaxonsC.the AnglesD.the Celts3.“ The Danelaw” refers to the ________ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred’s time.A.south and westB.north and eastC.south and westD.north and west4.In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, fought King ________of England near Hastings and won the battle of Hastings.A.HenryB.AlbertC.JamesD.Harold5. Which of the following is not the content of the Domesday Book ?/doc/77a354e2a8114431b80dd8ad.html ndsB.tenantsC.possessionsD.churches6.Owing to the great genius of the 14th century poet_______ the British native literature was sufficiently vigorous and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them.A.ChaucerB.Ben JohnsonC.ShakespeareD.Marlow7.In Britain, the Puritan Revolution refers to __________A.The War of RosesB.The Hundred Years’ WarC.The Seven Years’ WarD.The Civil War8.When Oliver Cromwell became the ruler of the commonwealth, one of his first acts was to crush a rebellion in ________, killing all the inhabitants of the towns of Drogheda and Wexford.A.ScotlandB.IrelandC.WalesD.England9.The Parliament elected in 1660 asked the late King’s son to return from his long exile in France as King ________. This was the Restoration.A.Charles IB.Charles IIC.James ID.James II10.Which one of the following is not the content of the People’s Charter?A.voting by secret ballotB.equal electoral districtsC.vote for all adultsD.payment of members of Parliament11.English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _________in 1583.A.IndiaB.MassachusettsC.NewfoundlandD.New Zealand12.After the Seven Years’ War between Britain and France,_________ was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris.A.CanadaB.LouisianaC.FloridaD.California13.In 1940, _________ replaced Chamberlain as the British Prime Minister and finally led Britain to victory.A.AttleeB.MacmillanC.ChurchillD.Heath14.In _________, Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community.A.1972B.1973C.1975D.197615.What is not true about the functions of the British Prime Minister?A.He is appointed by the Queen;B.He is the First Lord of the Treasury and the Minister of the Civil Service;C.He always sits in the House of Lords;D.His official residence is No. 10 Downing Street in London.16.Which holiday is part of Scottish “Hogmanay” festival?A.New Year’s DayB.ChristmasC.EasterD.Halloween17.The origin of Guy Fawkes Day lies in the _________.A.Gunpowder Plot of 1605.B.Great FireC.Resurrection of ChristD.Crusades18.The School of Eton belongs to ___________./doc/77a354e2a8114431b80dd8ad.html prehensive schoolB.Secondary Modern SchoolC.Tertiary collegeD.Public school19.Of the four papers, which one is of quality paper?A.Daily MirrorB.The TimesC.The SunD.Daily Star20.________ is the most typical British sports.A.footballB.tennisC.golfD.cricket21.The first English colony in the Americas was founded in ________in 1607.A.VirginiaB.MassachusettsC.New YorkD.New Jersey22.On__________, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence.A.June 4B.July 4C.June 14D.July 1423.In 1791 ten amendments to the American constitution were ratified---- the Bill of Rights---- which were introduced by_________A.Thomas JeffersonB.George WashingtonC.James MadisonD.John Adams24.In 1865, the __________ Amendment which banned slavery was added to the Constitution.A.TenthB.TwelfthC.ThirteenthD.Fourteenth25.At the Peace Conference after the WWI, American President Wilson put forward a program of ___________.A.New DealB.New FreedomC.Fifteen pointsD.Fourteen Points答案：I.1.C2.C3.B4.D5.D6.A7.D8.B9.B 10.C11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15 C16 A 17 A 18.D 19. B 20. D21 A 22. B 23. C 24.C 25.D26.C 27.B 28. C 29.A 30.B31.A 32.B 33.C 34. A 35.B36.C 37. D 38. D 39 B 40. B41.C 42.B 43.B 44.C 45.D46 D 47.B 48.B 49. D 50.AII.51. The expulsion of the English from France is a blessing for both countries: the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered the development of a separate English national identity, while French national identity was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory.52. Generally speaking, Elizabeth was able to work with Parliament, but the relationship was often turbulent. (Parliament wished its customary right of free speech confirmed in writing; and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important questions at will, not by invitation. Elizabeth would not permit either thing.)53. It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.54. In 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as the Harlem Renaissance.55. They are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.56. The examples are: the Red Scare in 1919 and 1920, the death sentence of Sacco and Vanzetti, and the revival and growth of the Ku Klux Klan.57. It is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hundon Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It isa region of rounded hills, tens of thousands of lakes and swamp.58. It refers to an area with red-brown and tan soils in the heart of the country.59. They are the Waikato and the Wanganui.60. The weather of Ireland is described as “ mild, moist and changeable.”。