状语从句(10).doc.
U10语法--条件状语从句
Grammar for Unit 10条件状语从句一、定义:状语从句:在复合句中,由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句,在句子中起副词作用。
条件状语从句:由引导词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句,条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生。
注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态(或表示将来含义的),从句要用一般现在时、祈使句或情态动词[主将从现原则]。
二、类型:1.由if引导的条件状语从句:表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
如:If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面If it rains, we will stop playing. / We will stop playing if it rains.如果天下雨,我们就不玩了。
2.unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
3.as / so long as 只要So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.只要你保持书的清洁,你就可以把我的书借去。
*4. in case 万一、以防、如果Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。
初中英语语法大全:10 状语从句
初中英语语法大全:状语从句1状语从句在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。
状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等类。
1.时间状语从句引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after ,before ,as soon asThe bus won’t start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After I went to church, I went shopping.2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。
有志者事竟成。
Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。
留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
v3.原因状语从句引导连词有because,as, since。
He didn′t see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They couldn’t get on the train,for it was too crowed.比较:because, since, as和for1)because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
2020年高考英语短文改错高频考点10:状语从句(含答案解析)
专题10 短文改错高频考点TOP 10 状语从句考点一So...that...和such...that之间误用such…that…与so…that…都可以用来引导结果状语从句,意为“如此…以致…”。
(1)such是形容词,它所修饰的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可以不带。
如果其后是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。
因此,such…that…的句型结构可分为以下三种:①such+a(n)(+adj.)+单数可数名词+that从句。
如:She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.她是一位很好的老师,我们都敬爱她。
Table tennis is such an interesting game that people all over the world play it.乒乓球是一项很有趣的运动,以致全世界的人都参加这项运动。
②such(+adj.)+复数可数名词+that从句。
如:They are such interesting books that I want to read them once more.这些书非常有趣,我想再读一遍。
③such(adj.)+不可数名词+that从句。
如:It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.天气太坏,以致我不得不呆在家里。
(2)so是副词,与形容词或副词连用,其结构是:so+adj.(adv.)+that从句。
如:He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得那么快,我赶不上他。
I am so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.我太瞌睡了,眼睛几乎睁不开了。
注意:①当名词前面有many,much,few,little等表示数量多少的限定词时,应该用so,而不能用such。
完整版)状语从句(9种全)
完整版)状语从句(9种全)状语从句在复合句中起到修饰主句的作用,分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等种类。
1.时间状语从句时间状语从句的连接词包括when。
as。
while。
after。
before。
since。
ever since。
as soon as。
once。
till。
until。
whenever。
no sooner…than。
hardly/scarcely。
when。
the moment/minute/instant/second。
every time。
each time。
any time。
the first time。
next time。
last time。
all the time。
by the time。
directly。
immediately。
instantly等。
例如,“一···就···”的句型可以用as soon as或once引导,其中as soon as侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧,而once侧重条件,表示“一旦。
”;on doing sth/on one's + n.作时间状语,例如On arriving at the n。
the thief was arrested.意为“一到达车站,这个小偷就被逮捕了。
”2.地点状语从句地点状语从句的连接词包括where。
wherever。
anywhere。
everywhere等。
例如,I'll go wherever you go.意为“你去哪儿,我就跟你去哪儿。
”3.原因状语从句原因状语从句的连接词包括because。
since。
as。
now that。
seeing that。
considering that等。
例如,Since it's raining。
we'll stay indoors.意为“因为下雨,我们将待在室内。
状语从句 英语
状语从句英语英语中的状语从句(AdverbialClauses)是一种复合句,语法上可以分为状语性从句和从句状语。
前者是由状语来引导的从句,其句子结构是“主句+状语从句”,而后者则指状语从句中的状语作用。
状语从句在英语中的使用非常普遍,它们可以用来描述时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、让步、比较和强调等。
一般来说,英语中主要有八种语法结构可以用来构成状语从句,它们分别是when, while, since, if, unless, after, although, as。
其中,when状语从句用来表示时间,while状语从句表示转折或对比,since状语从句表示原因,if状语从句表示条件,unless状语从句则是将if状语从句的否定意义变成肯定意义,after状语从句表示时间先后,although状语从句表示转折,as状语从句可以表示时间、原因、结果等各种状语作用。
状语从句中的关键词(例如when, while, if)称为状语从句的关联词,它们可以给状语从句定义特定的意思,因此在英语句子中状语从句的关键词(关联词)也是至关重要的。
例如:He called me as soon as he arrived.这句话中,as soon as是一个状语从句,它表示到达后不久就打来了电话,因此,其中的关键词as soon as是这个句子的关联词,它起到了定义这个句子的意思的重要作用。
除了关键词(关联词)之外,状语从句中的动词也同样起着重要的作用。
根据句法规律,状语从句中的动词主要分为持续性动词(如be, stay, live)和瞬时性动词(如come, do, get)。
持续性动词则指表示某种状态或结果的动词,它们在状语从句中表示永久性的描述;而瞬时性动词则指表示某种动作的动词,它们在状语从句中表示一次性的动作或行为。
例如:He went to school while it was raining.这句话中,while it was raining是一个状语从句,它表示的意思是“下着雨的时候他去上学了”,而其中的动词was raining是一个持续性动词,它表示的是下着雨的情况持续到了他去上学的那一刻。
状语从句及练习附答案
状语从句(adverbial clause)复习要点:掌握句法功能,记住连接词语法意义:状语从句是复合句中的一种,整个从句作主句的状语,修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词、或副词。
置于句首时,状语从句后面一般要有逗号隔开;如果状语从句置于句尾,则从句一般不用逗号。
按照所作的状语和意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式和比较等九种状语从句。
具体如下:一、时间状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Time)时间状语从句通常由when,whenever,as,while,before,after,assoon as,since,once,no sooner...then,hardly/scarcely...when,tiLl/until 以及the moment,directly,immediately,the second,thefirst time,next time,every time,等引导。
1.由when,as,while 引导的状语从句:1)when 引导时间状语从句,表示当···,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,其作用最广泛。
When spring comes,trees turn green,When it rains,I usually go to work by taxi.When we were having lunch,the light went out.I will ring you up when I return.When she pressed the button,the lift stopped.He was eating his breakfast when the doorbell rang.be about to do...when...“就在那/这时,(突然)另一个动作发生了,在这儿只能用when。
状语从句
定义:在复合句中,用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句。
功能:它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等,有时修饰整个句子。
位置:状语从句的位置较活:可以放在主句之前,用逗号与主句隔开;也可以放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。
由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况,所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。
各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。
一、时间状语从句:1、引导词:A: 常用连词有:when, while, as, before, after, since, once, till, untilB: 特殊引导词:as soon as, the moment ,hardly…when…, scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…,by the time, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, every time等。
When they heard the news,they all jumped with joy.While I was reading,he came in.Once you remember it,you’ll never forget it.The moment I heard the voice,We had no sooner arrivedI had hardly got home when it began to rain.I hadn’t understood the problem until he explained it.Every/Each time I was in trouble,Next time you come,do remember to bring your son here.Please remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom.I have worked here since I graduated from the university.After he had left school, he joined the army.They always sing as we walk.By the time he gets there, his father has already gone.2、在时间状语从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
(完整版)状语从句(完整归纳)
状语从句一.分类:when (当……的时候) while (在……期间) as (当……的时候, 一边……一边……)before (在……之前) since (自从……以来) till/until (直到) hardly…when… (刚……就) as soon as (一……就……)after (在……之后) not…till/until(直到……才)no sooner…than…(刚……就)地点状语从句:where (在那里) wherever(无论哪里)原因状语从句:because (因为) since (因为,既然) as (由于) for (为了) now that(既然)目的状语从句:(so)that=in order that(以便)so as (not)to (以便[不])in case(以免)lest(以免)结果状语从句:so+adj./adv.+that(如此……以致)so that(结果……)such+n.+that(如果……以致)that(所以,因此)让步状语从句:though/although不可同but连用。
though/although (虽然)however (可是)even though(即使)even if (即使)no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever(不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时)比较状语从句:as (正如)as…as(和……一样)not as/so … as (不如……)than(比……更)the+比较级…+the+比较级(越……越……)条件状语从句:if(假设)unless(如果不)so long as(只要)on condition that (如果)方式状语从句:as(像……那样地)just as(正像)as if(好像)as though(好像)二.各种状语从句的简化方法:1例:After she sang,she left the rich man's house.= After singing,she left the rich man's house.2.以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为非延续性动词。
状语从句英语
状语从句英语状语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,也是英语学习中的难点之一。
状语从句是指在句子中起状语作用的从句,它可以修饰动词、形容词、副词等,从而增强句子的表达力和语言的逻辑性。
本文将从状语从句的定义、类型、用法和注意事项等方面进行详细介绍,以帮助英语学习者更好地掌握状语从句的使用。
一、状语从句的定义状语从句是指在句子中作状语的从句,它可以修饰整个句子、主句的谓语动词、主句的主语、主句的宾语、主句的表语、主句的宾补、主句的定语、主句的状语等。
状语从句通常由连词引导,常见的连词有:when, while, as, since, until, before, after, if, unless, though, although, even if, as if, as though等。
二、状语从句的类型状语从句根据其含义和用法不同,可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句等。
1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句指表示时间关系的从句,常用的引导词有:when, while, as, since, until, before, after等。
例如:When I arrived at the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时,火车已经开走了。
I was watching TV while my mother was cooking. 我在看电视,妈妈在做饭。
As I was walking down the street, I met an old friend. 当我走在街上时,遇到了一位老朋友。
2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句指表示条件关系的从句,常用的引导词有:if, unless等。
例如:If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我会呆在家里。
(十)状语从句
专题一 单项填空(十)状语从句【考题研究·归纳整合】高考命题点一 状语从句连接词的正确选用windows _____his attention was caught by a bird. A. when B. if C.and D. till【思路点拨】选A 。
此处考查了be about to do sth. when的结构,此结构表示“正要做某事……就在这时”。
句意为:汤姆正要关窗子,就在这时一只小鸟吸引了他的注意力。
1. 用作从属连词,意为“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句。
例如:They learned a lot from the peasants when they stayed inthe village.他们住在那个村子时,从农民那里学到了许多东西。
2.. 用作从属连词,意为“倘若,如果”,表示条件。
例如:He will be likely to recover when he is operated on. 如果动手术,他有可能康复。
3.. 用作从属连词,意为“既然”。
例如:Why use metal when you can use plastic? 既然能用塑料,为什么用金属呢?4.. 用作并列连词,意为“在那时,届时”,表示时间。
这时主句中可以用过去进行时,过去完成时或“ was/wereabout to do sth. 或be on the point of”结构。
例如:Last night I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.昨天晚上我正要上床睡觉时,电话铃响了。
I was cooking in the kitchen when someone knocked atthe door. 我正在厨房做饭,这时有人敲门。
例 2. (2010·陕西卷·20) John thinks it won’t belong_____he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 【思路点拨】选C 。
冲刺高考英语专题训练:专题10 状语从句 (解析版)
专题10 状语从句距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s.1.until【解析】考查状语从句。
句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。
根据句意可知,此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。
故填until。
2.(2021天津卷)We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.2.whether【解析】考查状语从句。
状语从句
状语从句一、概念在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句(Adverbial Clause),一般可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句。
二、知识网络结构图时间状语从句在句子中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句,可放在句首、句中和句尾.●when、while和as的用法三个词都可引导时间状语从句,意为"在......时候",但具体用法不尽相同.1. When既可引导一个持续动作,也可引导一个短暂动作,可用于主、从句动作同时发生,也可用于从句动作先于主句动作.I saw Mary when I was walking along the street 我沿大街走时看见玛丽了.1'11 phone you again when 1 get home.我到家后再给你打电话。
2. while引导的从句动词必须是延续性的,作并列连词,意思是"而,却"表对比、对照关系.考例:(1)—1'm going to the post office.—_______ you're there, can you get me some stamps?A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If答案:B (2) (2004全国Ⅱ) 1 do every single bit of housework_________ My husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. as答案:B. 3. as引导一个持续性动作,强调主从句动作同时进行;表示“一边。
一边。
”考例: Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ________father was away in France.A. asB. thatC. during D .itAs he was reading , he was shaking his head. 他一边读书,一边摇头.4.when还可用作并列连词,相当于and then, and at this/that time常用于下列句式:①Somebody was doing sth. when.. .②Somebody was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth ... when. . .考例: He was about to tell me the secret__________ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whileD. when答案:D●till、until和not…until的用法1.肯定句:谓语动词用延续性动词,表示主句到此时才结束。
状语从句
状语从句状语从句有九大类,分别可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。
尽管数目较多,但理解起来并不难。
从本质上讲,状语从句就是用不同的连词讲几个分句连接起来,以表达分句之间特定的逻辑关系。
一、时间状语从句从本质上讲,时间状语从句就是用来说明主句动作与从句动作发生时间上的先后关系。
要注意两点:1.注意主句、从句的时态搭配关系。
对于不同时间状语从句的连接词,这种搭配关系是不同的。
2.注意主句、从句的谓语动词的延续性和短暂性。
翻译下面两个句子:1.I was telephoning Harry when shearrived2.I telephoned Harry when she arrived.分析:句1中telephoning 先发生,arrived后发生。
此时,telephoning是一个延续性动作,arrived是一个短暂性动作。
句2中telephoned变成了短暂性动作,这里telephoned后发生,而arrived 先发生。
译文:1.她到的时候,我正在给哈利打电话。
2.她到了以后,我给哈利打了一个电话。
英语状语从句的用法归纳1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。
(一)时间连接词when, while, as 的用法when,while,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。
一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
①Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?②Sorry,I was out when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了。
目的状语从句例句10句【状语从句的用法】
目的状语从句例句10句【状语从句的用法】状语从句 (Adverbial Clause),在复合句中作状语的从句,叫做状语从句。
句子用作状语时,起副词作用。
下面就给大家介绍状语从句的用法。
状语从句的用法1. 时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when,scarcely … whenI didn’t realize how special my mother was untilI became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2. 地点状语从句常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3. 原因状语从句常用引导词:because, since, as, for特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4. 目的状语从句常用引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5. 结果状语从句常用引导词:so … that, so… that, such … that,特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6. 条件状语从句常用引导词:if, unless,特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if,providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWe’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7. 让步状语从句常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though 特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议。
(完整版)状语从句(完整归纳)
状语从句一.分类:when (当……的时候) while (在……期间) as (当……的时候,一边……一边……)before (在……之前) since (自从……以来) till/until (直到)hardly…when… (刚……就)as soon as (一……就……) a fter (在……之后) not…till/until(直到……才)no sooner…than…(刚……就)地点状语从句: where (在那里) wherever(无论哪里)原因状语从句:because (因为) since (因为,既然) as (由于) for (为了) now that(既然)目的状语从句: (so)that=in order that(以便) so as (not) to (以便[不]) in case(以免) lest(以免)结果状语从句:so+adj./adv.+that(如此……以致) so that(结果……)such+n。
+that(如果……以致) that(所以,因此)让步状语从句:though/although不可同but连用。
though/although (虽然) however (可是) even though(即使) even if (即使)no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever(不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时)比较状语从句:as (正如) as…as(和……一样)not as/so … as (不如……) than(比……更)the+比较级…+the+比较级(越……越……)条件状语从句:if(假设) unless(如果不) so long as(只要) on condition that (如果)方式状语从句:as(像……那样地) just as(正像) as if(好像) as though(好像)二.各种状语从句的简化方法:1.sth.作状语。
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状语从句状语从句主要有表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式等类型的从句。
他们分别由不同的从属连词或起从属连词作用的词或短语来引导。
掌握状语从句主要掌握引导各类状语从句的连词与短语。
时间状语从句主要关联词:when, whenever, while, as, before, after, (ever) since, until, till, once, as soon as, hardly/scarcely barely…when/before, no sooner…than, the first time, the next time, every/each time, by the time, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment(that), the instant(that), the minute, etc.1. She left school when she was eleven.她在11岁时辍学。
2. What were you doing while he was getting the drinks? 他取饮料的时候你在做什么?谈到两个同时进行的,延续时间较长的动作时,一般用while, 动词可以是过去进行时或简单过去时。
3. I had hardly sat down when/before he stepped in. 我刚坐下,他就进来了。
=Hardly had I sat down when/before he stepped in.4. We had no sooner set out than a storm broke. 我们刚一出发,就下起了暴雨。
= No sooner had we set out than a storm broke.5. I haven’t seen him (ever) since he left school. 他从学校毕业以后我一直没有见到过他。
(since引出的从句,从句动词用一般过去时,主句动词用现在完成时)6. When you come tomorrow, I’ll tell you about it. (在时间状语从中,用一般现在时表示将来的情况)地点状语从句主要关联词:where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, etc.1. Put it where we can see it.把它放在我们能看见的地方。
2. Where they went, they were warmlywelcomed.他们所到之处都受到了热烈欢迎.3. Wherever there is injustice, we try to help.凡有不公正的地地方,我们都竭力相助。
原因状语从句主要关联词:because, as, since, now (that), in that, seeing (that), considering (that), for the reason that, by reason that, not that …but that, etc.1. He got the job because he was the best candidate. 他得到了那份工作,因为他是最佳人选。
2. As rain has fallen, the air is cooler.由于下了雨,空气比较凉爽了。
3. Now that you mention it, I do remember the incident.经你一提,我想起那件事来了。
4. Seeing (that)/Considering (that) he’s ill, he’s unlikely to come.他病了,不可能会来。
5. I prefer his plan to yours in that I think his is more practical. 我看他的计划比你的好,因为我觉得他的计划更实际。
目的状语从句主要关联词:so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case, so that, etc.1. He left early in order that he might arrive on time. 他早早动身好准时赶到。
(主句动词若为现在时,从句中通常用情态动词can, may或shall ,will。
主句动词若为过去时,从句中通常用情态动词could, might 或should, will。
2. I’ll wash this shirt so that you can wear tomorrow.我来把这件衬衫洗了,你明天好穿。
(so that 也可引出结果状语从句,注意它们在用法上的一些区别: 作目的状语从句时通常要用can, could, may, might或should, would等情态动词,作结果状语从句多不用情态动词。
)3. We spoke in whispers for fear that we might wake Father.我们轻声谈话,生怕吵醒父亲。
for fear that引导的从句表示反面的目的,有“惟恐,以免”等意思,从句中常用may, might 或should等情态动词。
从句中的that 有时可省略。
4. He ran away lest he might be caught.他怕被抓住而逃跑了。
(在书面语中,可用lest表示类似的意思,但这一用法较正式而且已显得陈旧。
)5. He was scared lest (that) he should fail his exam. (他惶恐不安,生怕考试不及格.)在afraid, anxious, scared, worried等词后,有时可用lest来替代that, 这种用法较正式。
结果状语从句主要关联词:so, so…that, such…that, with the result that, etc.1. She was so angry that she couldn’t speak. 她气得说不出话来。
2. Jack has so many friends that he can’t remember all of their names. 杰克有那么多朋友,他都记不全他们的名字了。
3. So tired was I that I could hardly keep my eyes open. 我累得几乎睁不开眼睛。
1) 通常so后接一个形容词或副词,再接that从句,that有时可以省略。
2) so…that结构中,so后面一般不跟名词,但在so many, so much, so little 等短语后可以接名词。
(例2)3) 为了加强语气,可将so及形容词或副词转移到句首,此时其后的主语和动词要倒装。
4. It was such a foggy day (that) we could hardly see the road.那天雾特别大,我们几乎看不清路面。
5. Such was the force of the explosion that all windows were broken. 爆炸的威力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。
(that与such连用引出结果状语从句时,such后通常接名词短语。
如果名词带有不定冠词或形容词,它们应置于such之后。
6. It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气寒冷,河水都结冰了。
so that引出的结果状语从句只能位于主语之后,多用逗号与主句分开。
条件状语从句主要关联词:if, unless, as/so long as, provided (that), on condition that, suppose/supposing (that), if only, in case, etc.1. They’ll be delighted if you go and see them. 要是你去看望他们,他们会高兴的。
2. Unless you try, you’ll never succeed.你若不常试,就决不会成功。
3. Suppose/Supposing(t hat) the train’s late, what shall we do?假如火车晚点,我们怎么办?4. Only if the red light comes on is there any danger ahead. 只要红灯一亮,就表示前方有险情。
5. You should insure your house in case there’s a fire.你应当给房子保险,以防发生火灾。
1) 与时间状语从句一样,涉及将来的情况时,if 从句的动词要用一般现在时。
2) provided 与providing表示在满足指定条件下才可以做某事。
provided比providing更常用,从句中的that可省略。
让步状语从句主要关联词:although, though, as, while, whereas, even if, even though, no matter how/when/where, etc.1. Although he is poor, he is honest.虽然他穷,他却诚实。
2. Angry as he was, he had to smile.他虽然愤怒,但还得面带微笑。
3. Child as he is, he knows a lot of things.他虽是个孩子,知道的东西可不少。
4. Try as we might, we could not make him change his mind. 尽管我们做了多少努力,也未能使他改变主意。
5. Don’t open the door, no matter who comes.不管谁来都别开门。
注意:1) 用了although和though从句后,主句前从来不带but或yet.2) 用了even though 和even if从句后,主句前不能带but或yet, 不过主句中可以有still.3) 在正式文体中,可以用带as的倒装结构表示让步意义,它表示强烈的对照。
(补语+ as + 代词和系动词。
副词+ as + 代词和行为动词。
动词+ as + 主语和情态动词。
4. no matter 后接wh-词可替代however, whatever, whichever等,引导让步状语从句,意思不变。