湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三9月第一次月考地理试题 Word版含答案

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【名师解析】湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三上学期第四次月考数学(文)试题 Word版含解析

【名师解析】湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三上学期第四次月考数学(文)试题 Word版含解析

湖南省长沙市重点中学 2014届高三上学期第四次月考试卷文科数学 第Ⅰ卷(共45分)一、选择题:本大题共9个小题,每小题5分,共45分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项 是符合题目要求的.1.已知,,x y R i ∈为虚数单位,且1xi y i -=-+,则(1)x y i +-的值是 ( ).2A .2B i - .4C - .2D i2.已知集合1{|0,},A x x x R x=-=∈则满足{1,0,1}A B =-的集合B 个数是 ( ) .2A .3B .4C .8D3.1a =-是直线1:0l ax y +=与直线2:20l x ay ++=平行的( ).A 充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件 .C 充要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:直线1:0l ax y +=,易知其斜率为a -.直线2:20l x ay ++=,若0a ≠,则其斜率为1a-.当1a =-时,11a a -=-=,所以两直线平行.此外当1a =时,11a a-=-=-,两直线也平行.故1a =-可推出直线1:0l ax y +=与直线2:20l x ay ++=平行,但直线1:0l ax y +=与直线2:20l x ay ++=平行不一定能推出1a =-.所以1a =-是直线1:0l ax y +=与直线2:20l x ay ++=平行的充分不必要条件. 考点:充分条件与必要条件、直线平行的判定4.若非零向量,,a b c 满足a //b ,且0b c ⋅=,则a b c +⋅=()( ).4A .3B .2C .0D【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:非零向量a //b ,若所以存在实数λ使得a b λ=.又 0b c ⋅=,所以()(1)0a b c b c λ+⋅=+⋅=. 考点:共线向量基本定理、向量的数量积5.函数()sin(),()(0,||)2f x x x R πωϕωϕ=+∈><的部分图像如图所示,如果12,(,)63x x ππ∈-,且12()()f x f x =,则12()2x x f += ( )1.2A .2B .2C .1D6.已知下列四个命题,其中真命题的序号是 ( ) ① 若一条直线垂直于一个平面内无数条直线,则这条直线与这个平面垂直; ② 若一条直线平行于一个平面,则垂直于这条直线的直线必垂直于这个平面; ③ 若一条直线平行一个平面,另一条直线垂直这个平面,则这两条直线垂直; ④ 若两条直线垂直,则过其中一条直线有唯一一个平面与另外一条直线垂直;.A ①② .B ②③ .C ②④ .D ③④7.函数 2()4x f x x e =- 零点的个数 ( ).A 不存在 .B 有一个 .C 有两个 .D 有三个8.设函数(2),2()1()1,22x k x x f x x -≥⎧⎪=⎨-<⎪⎩,()n a f n =,若数列{}n a 是单调递减数列,则实数k 的取值范围为( ).(,2)A -∞ 13.(,]8B -∞ 7.(,)4C -∞ 13.[28D ,) 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:依题意,(2),2()1()1,22n n k n n a f n n -≥⎧⎪==⎨-<⎪⎩,所以111122a =-=-,22(2)a k =-.若数列{}n a 是单调递减数列,则20k -<,且12a a >.由2012(2)2k k -<⎧⎪⎨->-⎪⎩得27744k k k <⎧⎪⇒<⎨<⎪⎩,即则实数k 的取值范围为7(,)4-∞.考点:数列、单调性9.函数()y f x =是定义在R 上的增函数,函数(2014)y f x =-的图象关于点(2014,0)对称.若实数,x y 满足不等式22(6)(824)0f x x f y y -+-+<,则22x y +的取值范围是 ( ).A (0,16) .B (0,36) .C (16,36) .D (0,)+∞第Ⅱ卷(共105分)二、填空题(每题5分,满分30分,将答案填在答题纸上)10.在极坐标系中,曲线2sin 4cos ρθθ=的焦点的极坐标 . 【答案】(1,0)11.如图1所示的流程图,输出的结果为 .12.若正三棱柱的三视图如图2所示,该三棱柱的体积是 .13.已知抛物线24(0)y px p =>与椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>有相同的焦点F ,点A 是两曲线的交点,且AF x ⊥轴,则椭圆的离心率为.14.已知A ,O 是原点,点(,)P x y的坐标满足0200y x y -≤-+≥⎨⎪≥⎪⎩,则||OA 的最大值为 ;的取值范围为 .则点(,)P x y 在图中阴影区域内(含边界),易知图中点C 坐标为.令目标函数为z y =+,即y z =+.则由图知当直线y z =+过点C 时,z 可取最大值为最大值||OA (Ⅱ)cos OA OP OA AOP AOP OP⋅=∠=∠.易知图中3AOB π∠=,6BOC π∠=,所以6AOC π∠=,56AOD π∠=.所以5[,]66AOP ππ∠∈,即cos [AOP ∠∈,33AOP -≤∠≤.||OP 的取值范围为[3,3]-. 考点:线性规划、平面向量的数量积15.在等差数列{}n a 中,52=a ,216=a ,记数列1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和为n S ,(Ⅰ)数列{}n a 的通项n a = ; (Ⅱ)若1512m S S n n ≤-+对*n N ∈恒成立,则正整数m 的最小值为 .三、解答题 (本大题共6小题,共75分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)16.在ABC ∆中,角A,B,C 的对边分别为,,a b c cos 1B B -=,且1b =. (Ⅰ)若5A=12π,求边c ; (Ⅱ)若2a c =,求ABC ∆的面积.【答案】(Ⅰ)c =;(Ⅱ)因为2222cos ,2,3b ac ac B a c B π=+-==,所以22221442b c c c =+-⨯,解得b =. ……(10分) 由此得222a b c =+,故ABC ∆为直角三角形,2A c π==.其面积126s bc ==. ……(12分) 考点:1.两角和差公式;2.正弦定理;3.余弦定理.17.2013年4月14日,CCTV 财经频道报道了某地建筑市场存在违规使用未经淡化海砂的现象.为了研究使用淡化海砂与混凝土耐久性是否达标有关,某大学实验室随机抽取了60个样本,得到了相关数据如下表:(Ⅰ)根据表中数据,求出s,t的值,利用独立性检验的方法判断,能否在犯错误的概率不超过1%的前提下,认为使用淡化海砂与混凝土耐久性是否达标有关?(Ⅱ)若用分层抽样的方法在使用淡化海砂的样本中抽取了6个,现从这6个样本中任取2个,则取出的2个样本混凝土耐久性都达标的概率是多少?参考数据:参考公式:22()()()()()n ad bcka b c d a c b d-=++++18.如图,四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 为矩形,且1PA AD ==,2AB =,120PAB ∠=, 90PBC ∠=,(Ⅰ)平面PAD 与平面PAB 是否垂直?并说明理由;(Ⅱ)求直线PC 与平面ABCD 所成角的正弦值.【答案】(Ⅰ)垂直;【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)由90PBC ∠=得BC PB ⊥,由底面ABCD 为矩形得BC AB ⊥,从而有BC ⊥平面PAB .而AD ∥BC ,所以AD ⊥平面PAB ,再由线面垂直的性质得平面PAD ⊥平面PAB ;(Ⅱ)过点P 作BA 延长线的垂线PH ,垂足为H ,连接CH .然后可以证明AD ⊥平面PAB ,从而PCH ∠为PC 与底面(Ⅱ)如图,过点P 作BA 延长线的垂线PH ,垂足为H ,连接CH .由(Ⅰ)可知AD ⊥平面PAB∵AD ⊂平面ABCD∴平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD∵PH ⊂平面PAB ,平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD ,平面PAB ∩平面ABCD =AB∴PH ⊥平面ABCD∴CH 为PC 在平面ABCD 内的射影.∴PCH ∠为PC 与底面ABCD 所成的角.……(9分) 00120,60PAB PAH ∠=∴∠=,1PA =,∴在直角三角形PAH 中,001sin 60cos602PH PA AH PA =⨯==⨯=19.某产品具有一定的时效性,在这个时效期内,由市场调查可知,在不做广告宣传且每件获利a 元的前提下,可卖出b 件;若做广告宣传,广告费为n 千元比广告费为(1)n -千元时多卖出*()2n b n N ∈件. (Ⅰ)试写出销售量n S 与n 的函数关系式;(Ⅱ)当10,4000a b ==时,厂家应生产多少件这种产品,做几千元的广告,才能获利最大?20.已知圆锥曲线E的两个焦点坐标是12(F F,且离心率为e =(Ⅰ)求曲线E 的方程;(Ⅱ)设曲线E '表示曲线E 的y 轴左边部分,若直线1y kx =-与曲线E '相交于,A B 两点,求k 的取值范围; (Ⅲ)在条件(Ⅱ)下,如果63AB =,且曲线E '上存在点C ,使OA OB mOC +=,求m 的值.从而有:2212212210(2)802101201k k k k k x x k x x k ⎧-≠⎪∆=+>⎪⎪-⇒<-⎨+=<-⎪⎪-⋅=>⎪-⎩为所求. ……(8分)21.已知曲线C :32()3()y f x x px p R ==-∈. (Ⅰ)当13p =时,求曲线C 的斜率为1的切线方程; (Ⅱ)设斜率为m 的两条直线与曲线C 相切于,A B 两点,求证:AB 中点M 在曲线C 上;(Ⅲ)在(Ⅱ)的条件下,又已知直线AB 的方程为:1y x =--,求,p m 的值.【答案】(Ⅰ)51,27y x y x =-=+;(Ⅱ)详见解析;(Ⅲ)1,3p m ==. 【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)当13p =时,先求导,通过斜率为1得到切点.然后利用点斜式得到所求切线方程;(Ⅱ)先将,A B 两点的坐标设出,其中纵坐标用相应点的横坐标表示.再由导数的几何意义,得到,A B 两点横坐标满足122x x p +=.从而得到AB 中点3(,2)M p p -,又AB 中点M 在曲线C 上33223p p p p ⇔-=-⋅,显然成立.得证;(Ⅲ)由AB 中点在直线1y x =--,又在曲线C ,从而得1p =,再反代如直线与曲线联立得方程,得到,A B 两点的坐标,代入导函数中得到斜率,从而得到3m =. 试题解析:(Ⅰ)当13p =时,322()()32y f x x x y f x x x ''==-⇒==-, 设切点为00(,)x y ,由20000011()321,3f x x x x x '==-⇒==-,切点为14(1,0),(,)327-- 故51,27y x y x =-=+为所求. ……(4分)(Ⅲ)由(Ⅱ)知,AB 中点M 的横坐标为p ,且M 在AB 上,(,1)M p p ⇒--,又M 在曲线C 上,323213210(1)(221)0p p p p p p p p p ⇒--=-⋅⇒--=⇒-++=, 所以1p =.由323233101y x x x x x y x ⎧=-⇒-++=⎨=--⎩,3222()(22)10(1)(21)0x x x x x x x x ⇒----+=⇒---=由于12122,11x x x x +=∴==故2211363(16(13m x x =-=-=.综上,1,3p m ==为所求. ……(13分)考点:1.导数的几何意义;2.直线的方程;3.直线与曲线的位置关系.。

湖南省师大附中2014届高三物理上学期第一次月考试题(含解析)新人教版

湖南省师大附中2014届高三物理上学期第一次月考试题(含解析)新人教版

湖南师大附中2014届高三第一次月考物理试题〔考试范围:运动学、相互作用、牛顿运动定律〕本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两局部,时量90分钟,总分为110分。

第1卷选择题〔共48分〕一、选择题〔本大题共l2小题,每一小题4分,总分为48分。

有的小题只有一个选项符合题意,有的小题有几选项符合题意,请将符合题意的选项的序号填入答题表格中〕1.一个作自由落体运动的物体,从开始运动起通过连续三段距离的时间分别是t、2t、3t,这三段距离之比为A.1:23:33B.1:22:33C.1:2:3 D.1:3:5 2.物体静止于倾角为θ的斜面上,当斜面倾角θ缓缓减小时,物体所受力的变化情况是A.重力、支持力、静摩擦力均增大B.重力不变,支持力减小,静摩擦力不变C.重力不变,支持力、静摩擦力增大D.重力不变,支持力增大,静摩擦力减小3.物体在几个共点力作用下处于平衡状态,当其中的一个力撤掉后〔其它的力不变〕,物体的运动情况是A.一定做匀加速直线运动B.一定做匀变速曲线运动C.可能做匀速运动D.可能做曲线运动4.运动的升降机的顶板上有一个螺丝脱落到它的地板上,当升降机的运动分别处于加速上升、匀速上升、匀速下降和加速下降这四种情况下,螺丝从脱落到落到地板上的时间分别为t1、t2、t3和t4,比拟这四种情况下的落地时间,正确的表达式是A.t1<t2<t3<t4 B.t1<t2=t3<t4 C.t1=t2=t3=t4 D.t1>t2>t3>t4 5.如下列图,倾角为θ的斜面体C置于水平面上,B置于斜面上,通过细绳跨过光滑的定滑轮与A相连接,连接B的一段绳与斜面平行,C处于静止状态,B沿斜面匀速上滑,在A落地前,如下说法中正确的答案是A.B受到C的摩擦力一定不为零B.C受到水平面的摩擦力一定为零C.为论B、C间摩擦力大小、方向如何,水平面对C的摩擦力方向一定水平向左D.水平面对C的支持力与A、B、C的总重力大小相等6.一步行者以6.0m/s2的速度跑去追赶被红灯阻停的公共汽车,在跑到距离公共汽车25m 处时,绿灯亮了,汽车以1.0m/s2的加速度匀加速启动前进,如此A.人能追上公共汽车,追赶过程中人跑了36mB.人不能追上公共汽车,人、车最近距离是7mC.人能追上公共汽车,追上车前人共跑了43mD.人不能追上公共汽车,且车子开动后人和车相距越来越远7.如下列图,质量分别为m1=2kg,m2=3kg的两个物体置于光滑的水平面上,中间用一轻弹簧秤连接。

湖南省长沙市2014届高三5月模拟考试地理试题 Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市2014届高三5月模拟考试地理试题 Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市2014届高三5月模拟考试文综地理试题农业生产具有地域性、季节性和周期性的特征。

回答1—2题1.二十四节气可以指导农业生产。

如在山东、河南一带种植冬小麦是“秋分早,霜降迟,寒露种麦正当时”,但向北到北京一带是“白露早,寒露迟,秋分种麦正当时”,那么向南到江苏、安徽等江淮地区“种麦正当时”是()A.秋分 B.霜降 C.寒露 D.白露2.从5月20日开始,1万多台收割机陆续赶赴麦田进行一年的夏粮抢收,金黄的麦田与青山绿水相辉映,成为一道独特的风景线。

这道风景最有可能出现在()A.吉林 B.山东 C.北京郊外 D.安徽2013年11月12日,第十八届三中全会《决定》提出:坚持计划生育的基本国策,启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策。

图1是我国某省从建国初期至今及以后的人口自然增长轨迹示意图,其中Ⅲ阶段为预测段。

完成3—4题。

3.关于图中人口变化的描述正确的是()A.I阶段人口数量大于Ⅱ阶段人口数量B.Ⅱ阶段会出现劳动力严重短缺C.②和③拐点的出现主要是受政策因素影响D.Ⅲ阶段不会出现人口老龄化问题4.该省实施单独二胎政策以后,十年内不会对以下各项中产生明显影响的是()A.劳动力的规模 B.人口老龄化速度C.婴幼儿用品消费市场及相关产业D.医疗教育等公共资源图2是某四个地区的城市和农村人口增长趋势图,读图完成5~6题5.图示期间,城市化水平变化最小的地区是()A.甲 B.乙C.丙 D.丁6.图示期间,总人口增长最缓慢的地区是()A.甲 B.乙 C.丙 D.丁读某大陆沿西海岸线降水量空间变化图(图3),回答7~9题。

7.该大陆是()A.亚欧大陆 B.澳大利亚大陆 C.非洲大陆 D.南美大陆8.图中纬度10°~20°地区降水少的主要原因是()A.纬度低,蒸发旺盛B.终年盛行东北信风,水汽含量少C.受副热带高压控制,盛行下沉气流D.沿岸有势力很强的寒流流经,降温减湿明显9.关于图示区域的叙述正确的是()A.纬度10°~30°地区流水侵蚀地貌广布B.纬度30°~40°地区冬季水循环更强烈C.纬度40°~60°地区植被为常绿阔叶林D.降水量空间变化主要受地形和洋流的影响中国南极第四个考察站——泰山站于2014年2月建成。

2025届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三上学期第一次月考语文试题 Word版含解析

2025届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三上学期第一次月考语文试题 Word版含解析

大联考长郡中学2025届高三月考试卷(一)语文本试卷共四道大题,23道小题。

时量150分钟,满分150分。

得分:一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。

不管是要找出第二次世界大战的原因,还是查明天花板上水印的来由,我们通常都要考察可能的解释。

比如说天花板上的水印,是屋顶漏水了?还是管子漏水了?我们可能会这样推理:“这个水印在厨房天花板上,正好是在浴室的下面,所以很可能是管子漏水。

”现在到楼上去检查一下,如果发现了漏水的管子,那么就可以合理地得出结论,对于水印的最佳解释是管子漏水,当然,也可能屋顶和管子同时漏水。

这个简单而实际的例子展示了科学研究的推理过程:提出各种假说,一个一个地排除,直到得出最佳解释。

地质学的历史为科学研究如何运用这样的推理过程提供了一个清楚的例子。

地球已经有上亿年的历史、大陆在漂移,这些都是非常惊人的发现。

它们被接受的过程是漫长而复杂的,要求仔细的观察、改良的技术、大量的集体努力以及在很多学科中共享知识。

地质学最近的发展历史就展现了这样的过程。

1912年,德国科学家阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳提出了板块漂移理论来解释这个明显的事实——非洲大陆和南美洲大陆看上去好像很吻合。

但是在他之前的理论家,通过观察过去的地图,也推测这些大陆原本是连在一起的。

魏格纳对这一理论的补充是,在两个大陆相对应的边缘,岩石的形成和动植物化石都非常相似。

因为他不能提出一个解释或者模型来说明像板块这样巨大的东西是如何“漂移”的,他的理论遭到了普遍的拒绝,甚至被嘲笑。

虽然他的理论解释了一些观察到的现象,但是并没有被采信,因为它与当时人们所相信的关于大洋和大陆的物理结构方面的观点不一致。

拥有可接受的解释模型是科学断言能被接受的重要标准。

魏格纳的理论在20世纪60年代被美国地质学家哈雷·赫斯复兴。

赫斯提出,最近发现洋中脊在延伸,而大陆居于板块之上,因此板块应是由底层的地幔缓慢运动的“环流”所推动的。

专题01 地球与地球运动(第02期)-2014年高考总复习地理选择题百题精练 Word版含解析

专题01 地球与地球运动(第02期)-2014年高考总复习地理选择题百题精练 Word版含解析

2014年高考总复习地理选择题百题精练专题1 地球与地球运动(福建省2014届高三厦门市三月质检)如图7所示,2014年2月28日北京时间11时,某地(105o E)花坛呈现“一半亮、一半暗”。

读图完成11~12题。

11.图8中能正确表示该日北京时间15时花坛受阳光照射情况为12.若不考虑天气状况,该地能再看到图7所示情景的日期大致为A .4月12日B .7月13日 C.8月28日 D .10月14日月22日——2月28日。

故选D。

考点:本题考查光照图的综合判读。

(北京市东城区2014届高三3月质量调研)北京时间2014年2月12日17时19分,位于昆仑山北麓的新疆于田县(36.1°N,82.5°E)发生7.3级地震,震源深度12千米,没有造成人员伤亡。

据此回答9~11题。

9.此次地震的震源位于A.地壳 B.软流层 C.上地幔顶部 D.下地幔10.此次地震未造成人员伤亡的主要原因是A.震级小 B.震源深 C.人口密度小 D.抗灾能力强11.此次地震发生一个月以来A.地球公转速度越来越快B.广州正午太阳高度越来越大C.北京昼长时间越来越短D.北极圈内的极昼范围越来越大(广东省深圳市2014届高三第一次调研试题)3.当海口(110°E,20°N)日出时间为北京时间 6 点时,此日A.海口昼长为 12 小时B.海口的白昼比北京长C.海口正午太阳高度角达全年最小值D.南极圈内有极夜现象【答案】D【解析】试题分析:当北京时间6点时,110°E经线的地方时是5:20,海口日出时间在6点前,北半球此时是夏半年,太阳(贵州省六校联盟2014届高三第二次联考)4. 除夕下午(2014年1月30日)“央视网络春晚”进行到16时58分(8E),某双胞胎美丽小姊妹畅言:“不管你是谁?群发短信我不回……”。

此时刻与美国纽约(5W)不在同一日期的范围约占全球()A.1/2B.1/3C. 1/6D. 1/8(湖北省八校2014届高三第二次联考)11.图7为甲地与乙地正午太阳高度差年变化示意图,下列说法不正确的是A.甲、乙两地一年中均有两次直射B.甲、乙两地纬度相差20°C.M、N两日太阳直射点与甲乙两地纬度差相等D.乙地位于南半球【答案】11、D【解析】试题分析:(湖南省十三校2014届高三3月第一次联考)下图为我国某地利用新能源的路灯,据此完成19--20题。

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024届高三上学期第一次月考试题+语文+Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024届高三上学期第一次月考试题+语文+Word版含答案

英才大联考雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷(一)语文得分: 本试卷共四道大题,23道小题,满分150分。

时量150分钟。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5 小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。

①谢赫提出的“气韵生动,骨法用笔,应物象形,经营位置,传移模写,随类赋彩”成为指导中国绘画技法理论的经典。

其中对“随类赋彩”,理论家、画家有不同理解,但把“类”字解释为“物象的固有色”者,使“随类赋彩”成了幼稚的、简单的色彩赋色方法;把“类”字解释为“类型”“类似”者,让“随类赋彩”成为当今中国绘画色彩理论的经典训条。

也有学者在解释“随类赋彩”时模棱两可,含糊推诿过去。

因此弄清其真正含义,既是对上千年中国绘画色彩理论的正本清源,也对当下中国绘画色彩理论的发展与实践具有指导意义。

②我们对“随类赋彩”的理解要完整、客观。

谢赫“六法”是一个有机整体,“气韵生动”是品画的最高美学原则,谢赫把它视为“六法”之本,其他“五法”是达到“气龄生动”的必要条件。

③“气韵生动”指的是一幅画面给人的整体感觉,要感人、生动。

“骨法用笔”即中国画笔法、线条的运用。

它是表达画家思想、个性、意念的手段,不是客观事物的复制和翻版。

“应物象形”以“骨法用笔”的线条为依托,筑就中国画的气色容貌。

“经营位置”是指构图需要画家有强烈的主观意识来取舍、布局、调置。

“传移模写”就是师法自然,自自然取得灵感。

在“六法”指导思想下的“随类赋彩”作为一个完整而带有指导地位的法则被提出来之后,它的内涵就不仅仅是写实意义和描摹自然物象的外在色彩,更是主张画家主观意念与客观相结合,从属于“气韵生动”的一种表现方法。

这样,中国绘画减弱了对自然色彩的依附,渐渐出现了从重彩到淡彩、浅绛直至水墨画的重墨轻色。

④另外,古代中国画的颜料受当时生产技术和条件的局限及交通运输的不便,颜料的获取只能因陋就简。

画家只能用简单的、接近的、类似于物象色彩的颜料去表现他们眼中所看到的物象色彩,有时找不到或调不出眼中所见到的色彩,只好凭主观情感去用色。

炎德 英才大联考湖南师范大学附属中学2025届高三上学期月考地理试卷(二) Word版含解析

炎德 英才大联考湖南师范大学附属中学2025届高三上学期月考地理试卷(二)  Word版含解析

炎德·英才大联考湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)地理本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共8页。

时量75分钟,满分100分。

第I 卷选择题(共48分)一、选择题(本大题共16小题,每小题3分,共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求)宁夏西海固是国家重点扶贫区域,该区域生态环境差,贫困人口多,扶贫措施以生态移民为主,北部闽宁镇成为移民首选地。

通过生态移民,西海固成功实现脱贫,闽宁产业也实现了多元化,主要以菌类、葡萄酒、光伏、电子装配等为主。

下图是西海固、闽宁镇区位略图。

据此完成下面小题。

1. 生态移民对西海固的积极意义是( )A. 优化居住条件B. 改善人口结构C. 减轻生态压力D. 增加劳务收入2. 闽宁成为移民首选地的自然因素是( )A 地形和水源 B. 地形和降水 C. 气温和水源 D. 气温和降水3. 闽宁实现产业多元化的有利条件是( )①自然环境优美②劳动力数量多③产业协作基础好④银川辐射作用强A. ①③B. ①④C. ②③D. ②④【答案】1. C2. A3. D 【解析】【1题详解】生态移民是将生态环境严重破坏地区的部分人口迁出,从而减轻生态压力,C 项正确;生态移民可以改善迁移者的居住条件,但不是能改善西海固的居住条件,A错误;生态移民为整体搬迁,对人口结构影响较.小,B错误;不会增加西海固的劳务收入,D错误。

所以选C。

【2题详解】闽宁地形平坦,有黄河经过,因此闽宁成为移民首选地的自然因素是地形和水源,A正确;该地降水较少,B错误;区域气温差异较小,气温不是影响移民的主要因素,CD错误。

所以选A。

【3题详解】自然环境不是影响产业多元化的主要因素,①错误;闽宁接收生态移民,获得大量劳动力,②正确;闽宁经济发展水平较低,产业协作基础较差,③错误;距离银川较近,受银川的辐射作用较强,④正确。

所以选D。

【点睛】生态移民亦称环境移民系指原居住在自然保护区、生态环境严重破坏地区、生态脆弱区以及自然环境条件恶劣、基本不具备人类生存条件的地区的人口,搬离原来的居住地,在另外的地方定居并重建家园的人口迁移。

湖南省长沙县实验中学2014届高三上学期第二次月考地理试题 word版含答案

湖南省长沙县实验中学2014届高三上学期第二次月考地理试题 word版含答案

一、单选题(每小题2分,共60分)北京时间2012年8月6日13时31分,美国航天局发射的“好奇”号探测车登陆火星表面。

据此回答1~2题。

1、当好奇号探测车登陆火星表面时,美国肯尼迪航天中心(28030′N,80042′W)的区时是()A、8月5日13时31分B、8月6日0时31分C、8月7日2时31分D、8月7日13时31分2、右图是“好奇号”登陆火星时地球表面的昼半球侧视图。

下列说法正确的是A、a是北极B、b在赤道上C、c是太阳直射点D、d在南回归线上下图所示甲、乙、丙三国均为世界某种矿产资源重要出口国,读图完成3~4题。

3.该矿产资源是A.铜矿B.石油C.煤炭D.铁矿4.矿石运输船从丙国沿较短航线驶往意大利,沿途依次经过的海域为A.马六甲海峡、曼德海峡、苏伊士运河、直布罗陀海峡B.阿拉伯海、曼德海峡、红海、地中海C.红海、亚丁湾、阿拉伯海、苏伊士运河D.亚丁湾、霍尔木兹海峡、红海、苏伊士运河2014年冬奥会计划于当年的2月7日至23日在俄罗斯黑海之滨的索契举行。

读“索契区域示意图”(图1)和“索契气候资料图”(图2),回答5—6题。

5. 索契1月气温高于0°C的原因是A. 纬度低,气温高B. 大高加索山对冷空气的阻挡和黑海的增温作用C. 北大西洋暧流的影响D. 地势比四周低,起保温作用6. 索契作为冬奧会举办地的优势条件主要是①冬季晴天多,阳光充足②冬季降水多③河网密布,便于开展水上项目④附近有高山,积雪多,利于冰雪项目A.①②B.②③C.①③D.②④读我国东南某地等高线图(单位:m),回答7-8题7、图中湖泊的○1○2○3○4四地地形最为平坦的是()A、○1B、○2C、○3D、○48、关于图示区域的说法正确的是()A、甲处能欣赏到瀑布景观B、乙处位于分水岭C、6月份湖水补给河水D、图中最高处海拔为550~600米下图甲是非洲马达加斯加岛示意图。

图10是海洋表层海水温度与洋流关系示意图,图中a、b、c为等温线,a>b>c,箭头表示洋流流向。

湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考(五)化学试卷Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考(五)化学试卷Word版含答案

长沙市一中2023届高三月考试卷(五)化学第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共46分)一、选择题(本题共10个小题,每小题3分,共30分。

每小题只有一项符合题目要求) 1.古诗词、谚语等都是我国传统文化的瑰宝。

下列有关解读错误的是( ) A .“煤饼烧蛎房成灰”中的“蛎房”主要成分为3CaCOB .“九秋风露越窑开,夺得千峰翠色来”中的“翠色”来自氧化亚铜C .“司南之杓(勺),投之于地,其柢(勺柄)指南”中“杓”的主要成分为34Fe OD .“至于矾现五色之形,硫为群石之将,皆变化于烈火”中“矾”是带结晶水的硫酸盐 2.下列表示正确的是( ) A .2MgH 的电子式:22Mg [:H]+-B .2,2-二甲基戊烷的键线式:C .中子数为18的氯原子:1817ClD .的实验式:59C H3.设A N 为阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列说法正确的是( ) A .120g 由4NaHSO 和4MgSO 组成的混合固体中24SO -数目为A N B .2623gC H O 分子中含有碳氧键的数目一定为A 0.5N C .25.6gFe+中未成对电子数为A 0.6ND .1622.0gD O 和143ND 的混合物中含有的电子数为A N4.某羧酸酯的分子式为11214C H O ,1mol 该酯完全水解可得到1mol 羧酸和2mol 丙醇,该羧酸的结构有( ) A .4种B .5种C .6种D .7种5.为探究3FeCl 的性质,进行了如下实验(3FeCl 和23Na SO 溶液浓度均为10.1mol L -⋅)。

A .实验①说明加热促进3Fe +水解反应B .实验②说明3Fe +既发生了水解反应,又发生了还原反应 C .实验③说明3Fe +发生了水解反应,但没有发生还原反应D .整个实验说明23SO -对3Fe +的水解反应无影响,但对还原反应有影响 6.下列离子方程式书写错误的是( ) A.丙烯醛与足量溴水反应:2222CH CHCHO 2Br H O CH BrCHBrCOOH 2H 2Br +-++−−→++B .1L1mol /L 的硫酸铝铵溶液中滴加1L4mol /L 的氢氧化钠溶液:34332NH Al 4OH Al(OH)NH H O ++-++↓+⋅C .往亚磷酸()33H PO 溶液中滴加足量的烧碱溶液:33332H PO 3OH PO 3H O --++D .用碳酸钠溶液处理锅炉水垢:224334CaSO (s)CO (aq)CaCO (s)SO (aq)--++7.磷酸氯喹在细胞水平上能有效抑制新型冠状病毒的感染,其结构如图所示。

高三高考模拟信息卷(四)文综地理试题 Word版含答案

高三高考模拟信息卷(四)文综地理试题 Word版含答案

注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

写在试卷上无效。

3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案填写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题。

每小题4分,共140分。

在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

风速廓线是风速随高度的变化曲线。

风速通常随离地面高度增大而增加。

增加程度主要与地面粗糙度和温度梯度有关。

达到一定高度后,地面的摩擦影响可忽略不计,该高度称为梯度风高度。

梯度风是不受地表影响能够在气压梯度下自由流动的风。

右图为不同粗糙度情况下的风廓线比较示意图,据此完成1~3题。

1.同一海拔高度上城市风速小是因为A.城市建筑物密度大增加地表摩擦力B.乡村和郊区气压差大C.城市植被覆盖率低,地表摩擦力小D.乡村和郊区植被覆盖率高2.城市风速慢会导致A.城市热岛效应减弱B.污染物扩散速度减慢C.乡村和郊区污染加重D.乡村和郊区风速加快3.针对城市大气污染从根本上应当A.建设城市风道B.减小与乡村地区建筑物差异C.控制污染源D.将污染企业布局在卫星城下面分别是1984~中国经济重心、人口重心演变轨迹示意图,据此完成4~6题。

4.关于1984~中国经济重心、人口重心变化的描述,正确的是A.东西向移动幅度经济重心大于人口重心B.东西向移动幅度人口重心与经济重心相近C.南北向移动幅度人口重心大于经济重心D.南北向移动幅度人口重心与经济重心相近5.1984~1988年、~中国经济重心变化的主要影响因素分别是A.科技、劳动力B.政策、政策C.市场、劳动力D.政策、资源6.推动经济重心向人口重心靠近的可行性措施有A.发达地区劳动密集型工业全部搬迁到落后地区B.落后地区大力开发资源,重点发展重化工业C.发展教育,提升落后地区人口素质D.落后地区人口大量迁移到发达地区中泰铁路合作项目原计划全长900km,纵贯泰国中部,在其东北部的廊开与中老铁路对接,经老挝磨丁和中国磨憨抵达昆明,共同构成泛亚铁路中线。

重庆市乌江新高考协作体2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考试题 地理 Word版含解析

重庆市乌江新高考协作体2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考试题 地理 Word版含解析

重庆乌江新高考协作体2025届高考质量调研(一)地理试题(分数:100分,时间:75分钟)一、选择题(共15小题,每小题3分,满分45分)读“竖版世界地图示意图”。

据此完成下面小题。

1.下列有关图中的内容描述,正确的是()A.PQ所在经线大致为25°E B.乙地位于东半球的中纬度地区C.PQ长度是MN的2倍D.先MN北侧陆地与海洋面积相等2.从甲地沿着最短距离飞往P地,飞行方向是()A.一直往西B.先向东北再转为东南C.一直往东D.先向西北再转为西南2020年12月17日,“嫦娥五号”返回舱在距地面高度约120km处高速进入地球大气层,实施初次气动减速。

下降至预定高度后,返回器向上跃出大气层。

之后,返回舱再次进入大气层,实施二次气动减速,在距地表50km的高度返回舱与大气层激烈摩擦。

下图示意“嫦娥五号”探测器返回路径。

据此完成下面小题。

3.“嫦娥五号”初次进入大气层进行减速时位于()A.对流层B.平流层C.臭氧层D.高层大气4.“嫦娥五号”在距地表50km降落至地面的过程中气温变化是()A.持续降低B.先降低,后升高C.持续增高D.先升高,后降低5.下列关于平流层的叙述,正确的是()A.能反射无线电短波B.大气运动以垂直运动为主C.臭氧吸收紫外线而增温D.气温随高度升高而降低鄂霍次克海是太平洋西北部的边缘海,位于千岛群岛和亚洲大陆之间,通过鞑靼海峡和宗谷海峡与日本海相连。

11月,在两大气压中心相互作用的驱动下,强烈的北风将北极冷空气携带至鄂霍次克海,影响其海冰生成和海表温度。

下图示意鄂霍次克海地理位置和表层洋流系统。

据此完成下面小题。

6.影响鄂霍次克海的海冰生成和海表温度的两大气压中心是()A.亚洲高压印度低压B.亚洲高压阿留申低压C.夏威夷高压印度低压D.夏威夷高压阿留申低压7.通过宗谷海峡流入鄂霍次克海的海水性质为()A.温暖高盐B.高温低盐C.低温高盐D.低温低盐8.每年3月,鄂霍次克海海冰扩张范围达到最大,主导因素有()A.风、气温B.气温、海陆轮廓C.风、洋流D.洋流、海陆轮廓太湖石是我国观赏名石之一,形状各异,多有孔洞,其孔洞形成机制与喀斯特溶洞相似。

湖南省桑植一中皇仓中学2014届高三第一次联考(9月)地理试题 word版含答案

湖南省桑植一中皇仓中学2014届高三第一次联考(9月)地理试题 word版含答案

湖南省桑植一中皇仓中学2014届高三第一次联考(9月)地理试卷考试范围:区域地理、地球地图、地球运动。

一、选择题(25小题,每题2分。

每题中只有一个正确选项,共50分)读某区域经纬网分布示意图,回答1-2题1、下列有关甲乙两地的叙述正确的是:A:甲地区属于亚热带季风气候,水热充足。

B:甲地区是世界上商品谷物农业的主要分布区C:乙地区生产规模大,机械化程度高D:乙地区人口众多,市场需求量大。

2、当出现图示气压中心时,甲地区容易出现的气象灾害是A:沙尘暴B:寒潮C:洪涝D:干旱读下图,回答3-5题3、若此图表示某个国家的人口资源环境状况,则该国最有可能位于:A:非洲B:西欧C:大洋洲D:北美4、此图反映的人口、资源、环境关系的说法,错误的是:A:人类与环境之间相互影响、相互制约B:图中反映的问题,发展中国家比发达国家严重C:只要注意治理,环境会恢复到污染前的原来状况D:有些环境问题可能会影响其它国家甚至全球5、有关图中反映20世纪后半期人口、资源、污染的变化,解释正确的是A:人口过快增长主要是城市化的结果B:资源递减是因为资源为非可再生资源C:污染加剧与人类片面追求经济增长有关D:人口过快增长是环境污染加剧的唯一原因。

读下面经纬网图,回答6~7题。

6、从A地到B地,若不考虑地形因素,最近的走法是A.一直向东走B、先向正北,再向正南C、先向东北,再向东,最后向东南走D、先向东南,再向东,最后向东北走7、读经纬网图,纬线AB约是DE长度的A、一半B、等长 C 、1.5倍D、2倍右图中阴影区域为夜半球,①③两点的地方时相同且所在的弧线两侧的日期不同,②③两点永远昼夜等长,且两点的经度差90°,④为②③的中点。

据此回答8-9题8、此时北京时间为A、8;00 B:9:00C、20:00 D:0:009、该日,图中④点的正午太阳高度为A、66°34′B、90°C、0°D、23°26′图中大圆表示昼半球范围,N表示北极点,B为北京市,OB距离约为2220Km,据此回答10一12题10、图中A点坐标为A.70°N 64°W B.70°N 116°EC.20°S 64°W D.20°S 116°E11、此刻,下列地点将会迎来日出的是A.麦加B.珀斯C.中山站D开普敦12、这一天,可能出现在A.5月底B.6月初C.7月底 D 8月初下图为我国西南某地区1月平均气温等温线图(比例尺为1/20万,数字单位:0C),据图回答13~14题13、图中所示地区较适宜种植A.甜菜B.天然橡胶C.青稞D.茶树14、甲乙两地的相对高度有可能是A.800m B.1500mC.1800m D.2500m下图为某地区太阳高度的等值线图,ad为经线。

湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三10月第二次月考语文试题 Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三10月第二次月考语文试题 Word版含答案

长沙市重点中学2014届高三第二次月考语文一、语言文字运用(12分。

每小题3分)1.下列词语的字形和加点字的读音全都正确的一组是A.癖.好pǐ本末倒.置dǎo 一拥而入拨款B.沉闷.mēn 搂.头盖脸lōu 冬夏长青舶来品C.矫.饰jiǎo 少.安毋躁shǎo 绿草如茵爆冷门D.撇.开piĕ靡靡..之音mǐ仗义执言钓竿答案:C2.下列各句中,加点词语使用正确的一项是A.九十岁的老母亲开始往墓地走。

我紧跟着亦步亦趋....,一只手搭着她的肩膀,防她跌倒。

B.在塞外草长莺飞....的早春时节,独处异乡的诗人怎会不向往“十里荷花,三秋桂子”的江南,怎会不思念远方的亲人。

C.一些不纯洁的想法,将事物的本质层层遮蔽,使人误以为云遮雾罩方可包罗万象....,人为地把一切都弄得很复杂。

D.参加过长征的红军老战士们在纪念活动中回顾那段蹉跎..,感慨于新时代中国社..岁月会的全面发展。

答案:C3.下列各句中,有语病的一句是A.所谓真忙,如写情书,如种自己的地,如发现九尾彗星,如在灵感下学诗作画。

虽废寝忘食,亦无所害。

B.经典虽然属于每一个人,但永远不属于大众。

如果有一天你也陶醉于阅读经典这种美妙的消遣,你就发现,你已经距离一切大众娱乐性质的消遣多么遥远。

C.十年枯寂的山上生活,形成了唐明修类似于禅宗意义上的文化修行,以他特殊的东方大儒的禅修方式游弋于都市之巅。

D.英国过去的贵族因为拥有自己的庄园,社交聚会不愁去处。

新兴的小资产阶级——尤其是职业分工较细后日渐增多的专业人士——却不是人人都有这种方便,绅士俱乐部因此应运而生。

答案:C4.下列语句排序最恰当的一项是①也许是山边小餐馆的笑眯眯老板,或是恒河畔凝视落日的独眼老妇。

②毕竟,再怎么风光明媚的自家山川,总会有看腻的时候。

③旅行,是从固体的生活中抽离去异地寻觅另一个自己的活动吧!④另一个自己是什么样呢?⑤旅行迷人之处正在这里,扛着不轻不重的今生,到处浏览自己的前生与来世。

湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三第三次月考 英语 Word版含答案

湖南省长沙市重点中学2014届高三第三次月考 英语 Word版含答案

2014届高三上学期第三次月考试卷英语试题本试卷分为四个部分,包括听力理解、语言知识运用、阅读和书面表达。

考试结束后,将答题卷和答题卡一并交回。

时量120分钟。

满分150分。

PARTⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 marks)PART ONE LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION ADirections: In this section you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed be three choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by making the corresponding letter (A, B, or C) on the question booklet.You will hear each conversation TWICE.EXAMPLE:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. WednesdayB. ThursdayC. FridayThe answer is B.Questions 1 and 2 are based on Conversation 1. You now have 10 seconds to read the questions. Conversation 11. Where is Eric now?A. WashingtonB. ChinaC. France2. According to the conversation, what is Eric’s aunt?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.C. A manager.Conversation 23. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. In a flower shop.C. In a gift shop4. What does the woman buy at last?A. A postcard.B. A hat.C. Some food.Conversation 35. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Policeman and driver.B. Salesman and customer.C. Employer and employee.6. How much was the woman made to pay in all?A. $35.B. $50.C. $65.Conversation 47.What time does the train leave and arrive?A. It leaves at 5: 15 and arrives at 7: 20 tomorrowB. It leaves at 5: 00 and arrives at 7: 10 tomorrow.C. It leaves at 5: 00 and arrives at 7: 10 at night.8. What is she going there for?A. To spend her holiday.B. To see her friends.C. To meet her parents.9. Which of the three can be TRUE?A. Lucy’s parents will arrive in Beijing at 7: 10 a.m.B. Lucy’s parents aren’t going with her to the station.C. Lucy’s parents are going to see her off.Conversation 510. What is the man looking for?A. The police station.B. A drugstore.C. The nearest post office.11. Where is the nearest post office?A. Across townB. Next to a drugstore.C. About 4 blocks away.12. What does the woman suggest that the man buy?A. A police report.B. A guidebook.C. Anything at a drugstore.Conversation 613. Which museum will they go to?A. The art museum.B. The children’s museum.C. The history museum.14. Who is Henry?A. Jim’s brother.B. The woman’s husband.C. The woman’s father.15. How will they go to the museum?A. On foot.B. By bus.C. By carSECTION BDirections: in this section, you will hear a mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS.You will hear the mini-talk TWICE.PARTⅡLAGUAGE KNOWLEDGE (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.21. The women carrying babies and luggage, come in first, ________?A. will youB. will theyC. don’t theyD. don’t you22. One more week, ________ we will accomplish the task.A. orB. andC. ifD. so that23. The farm as well as its neighboring hills we once spent so much time on ________ on a new look as recently as last year.A. having takenB. is takenC. takingD. has taken24. The rich, for ________ money was not a problem, wanted to buy the whole building in this area if possible.A. theirB. hisC. whomD. whose25. There were two rooms in the house, _________ served as a kitchen.A. the smaller one of whichB. the smaller oneC. the smaller of themD. and the smaller one of which26. You can use a large plastic bottle, with its top________, as a pot to grow young plants in.A. cutting offB. cut offC. to cut offD. being cut off27. The only criterion for including a paper in this kind of books ________ its high quotability(引用). We don't want anything that few experts lay their eyes on.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are28. No sooner ________ finished watching that programme about those extinct species, than she decided to join the Wildlife Conservation Organization.A. he finishedB. has he finishedC. did he finishD. had he finished29. ________ the extraordinary beauty of Changling is the Ling’en Palace, known for its simple design and painted ceiling.A. AddingB. Adding toC. AddedD. Added to30. During the game, the coach looked ________ he had eaten a lemon, probably because he knew his team was playing poorly.A. in thatB. in caseC. as thoughD. even though31. When the Americans objected to this, the British would not compromise, but ________ control over their American colonies instead, taking away many of their rights, and ________soldiers there in order to make sure that the people would obey them.A. increase; stationingB. increasing; stationC. increased; stationingD. increased; stationed32. The students invited to the Halloween party may dress________ they please.A. whateverB. whereverC. wheneverD. however33. In the experiment, we are often waken up twice a night and asked what we ________.A. have been dreamingB. had dreamtC. are dreamingD. will dream34. I________ no to his conditions, and I________ such trouble now.A. could say;wouldn't be inB. could have said;wouldn't be inC. could say;wouldn't have been inD. could have said;wouldn't have been in35. Did you take enough money with you? —No, I needed ________ I thought I would.A. no so much asB. as much asC. much more thanD. much less thanSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In June 2008, when looking at my appointment book, I found I had only two customers all month. Starting my speech pathology (病理学) practice in 2000, I gradually grew the business to 13 employees. However, by last year, people weren’t paying for 36 treatment the way they had been, for the insurance companies were tightening their belts. Therefore, I 37 my own pay by 20% in order not to let anyone go. My husband Brian, who had been working in military intelligence for 20 years 38 staying home with our kids, tried to rejoin the workforce.We’ve always been interested in food safety and in 39 the kids where their food comes from. We prefer fresh vegetables from small farms. I had 40 chickens while growing up in nearby Little Rock city. So we wondered 41 we began developing farming.We started with two pigs. When a local farmer 42 we breed laying hens because there was a market for fresh eggs, we finally reached an agreement. Brian built cages with wheels so that we could move our chickens around on fresh grass 43 our seven acres of land, and we bought more animals. It was scary and 44 . What should we do if no one bought anything?But people did purchase. The local farmer took 45 to sell to his costumers, and today he buys about 30 dozen a week from us. At farmers’ market, we sell out completely, earning $300 to $500 a day. In the following year, the farm should gross about $40,000. To my 46 , the children assisted us, which is 47 because we have to take care of 570 laying hens and 300 chickens. On the farm, we not only enjoy happy life but also experience physically well-pleasing work, which I’m grateful for.36. A. expression B. body C. behavior D. speech37. A. cut B. gave C. lost D. sat38. A. as B. until C. before D. after39. A. praising B. encouraging C. educating D. understanding40. A. bought B. cooked C. observed D. raised41. A. as if B. even if C. only if D. what if42. A. asked B. insisted C. ordered D. complained43. A. through B. across C. over D. above44. A. cheerful B. stressful C. powerful D. hopeful45. A. hens B. pigs C. vegetables D. eggs46. A. satisfaction B. sadness C. regret D. anger47. A enjoyable B. important C. skillful D. difficultSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.From October 1 to 3, around 3.8 million out-of-town tourists flooded to Shanghai over the 48 three days of the National Day holiday. Nanjing Road and the Bund remained 49 most popular spots with locals and tourists alike. Nanjing Road Pedestrian Street attracted 5.8 million tourists, 50 3.2 million were recorded at the Bund.The city is expected to receive 8 million tourists by Monday, the last day of the weeklong holiday break. 51 ensure the safety of pedestrians crossing streets to reach the Bund, 4, 000 police officers were sent to the area. From 4:30pm to 11pm, 52 stood in line at the sides of zebra crossings, keeping vehicles and pedestrians 53 . Across the Huangpu River, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower took measures to limit numbers. Even so, visitors 54 wanted to get to the top of the city landmark had to queue for four hours. 55 can imagine what it will be like in this city next year.PART ⅢREADI NG COMPREHENTION (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AThe 1800s saw many firsts, including the invention of the bicycle and ready-to-eat cereal. Another interesting event also debuted(首次登场)in the 1800s. In 1888, the world’s first beauty contest was held in Spa, Belgium. Though little is known about that first competition, the idea caught on. Today, beauty contests can be found in countries from Argentina to Zambia.Most people agree that the business of beauty contests began in America. In 1921, local businessmen in Atlantic City, New Jersey, wanted summer tourists to stay longer. So they came up with the idea of beauty pageant. The pageant was successful, and 100,000 tourists stayed to see the first “Miss America”crowned.After a few years, the annual event no longer focused only on girl’s beauty. A talent competition was added in 1938. And not long after that, college scholarships became the official contest prize. These were just the beginning of the changes for the beauty contest industry.From the mid-to late-20th century, beauty contests began popping up everywhere. In 1951, the Miss World Pageant got its start in London. Over time, this contest has changed its focus from beauty alone to beauty and intelligence. Miss Universe began in 1952, Miss International in 1960 and Miss Earth in 2001. Today, these still are considered the four most famous international beauty contests.Through the years, controversy has surrounded beauty contests. Many people have objected to women competing in swimsuits as it only calls attention to one’s looks. Outside pressure and changes in society, therefore, brought about changes in the beauty contest world. Today, women are judged on areas other than just appearance. These include intelligence, speaking ability, poise and talent.The women who compete in the pageants are often asked why they do it. Many say it’s because the contests build their confidence and public speaking skills and offer scholarships. Today, millions of women worldwide compete for these very reasons.56. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The origin of beauty contestsB. A look at beauty contestsC. Famous international beauty contestsD. The success of beauty contests57. Where was the first beauty contest in the world held?A. In BelgiumB. In AmericaC. In EnglandD. In Argentina58. According to the passage, the beauty contest in New Jersey in 1921 was held to ________.A. find out who was the most beautiful girlB. promote local tourism developmentC. attract tourists to settle in Atlantic CityD. spread the idea of Miss America59. The underlined phrase “popping up” in the fourth paragraph probably means _________.A. succeedingB. holdingC. appearingD. forming60. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?A. Argument about beauty contestsB. Changes in women’s clothesC. What women compete forD. How women are judgedBHidden Valley and a handful of other "culture camps" serving families with children from overseas reflect the huge rise in the number of foreign adoptions, from 7,093 in 1990 to 15,774 last year. After cutting through many troublesome procedures, due to different customs and cultures, parents often come home to find a new dilemma(进退两难的窘境). "At first you think, 'I need a child'," says Sandy Lachter of Washington, D.C., who with her husband, Steve, adopted Amelia, 5, from China in 1995. "Then you think, 'What does the child need?'"The culture camps give families a place to find answers to those kinds of questions. Most grew out of local support groups; Hidden Valley was started last year by the Boston chapter of Families with Children from China, which includes 650 families. While parents address weighty issues like how to raise kids in a mixed-race family, their children just have fun riding horses, singing Chinese songs or making scallion pancakes.The camp is a continuation of language and dance classes many of the kids attend during the year. "When we rented out a theater for 'Mulan,' it was packed," says Stephen Chen of Boston, whose adopted daughter Lindsay is 4. Classes in Chinese language, art and calligraphy are taught by experts, like Renne Lu of the Greater Boston Chinese Cultural Center. "Our mission is to preserve the heritage," Lu says.Kids who are veteran(经验丰富的)campers say the experience helps them understand their complex heritage. Sixteen-year-old Alex was born in India and adopted by Kathy and David Brinton of Boulder, Colo., when he was 7. "I went through a stage where I hated India, hated everything about it," he says. "You just couldn't mention India to me." But after six sessions at the East India Colorado Heritage Camp, held at Snow Mountain Ranch in Estes Park, Colo., he hopes to travel to India after he graduates from high school next year.Camp can be a learning experience for the whole family. Whitney Ning, 23, a counselor for four years, says the Korea Heritage Camp helped her become closer to her parents. "They were hesitant at first," she says, "but when they saw how much it meant to me, they became very supportive." Sometimes the most direct route around the world is across a campfire.61. Why do American parents come to Hidden Valley?A. It has a large gathering of adopted children.B. Parents want to find a place to exchange their ideas.C. It can ensure the adopted kids as well as their parents a learning experience.D. It is a very good place for relaxation.62. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the culture camp?A. It well reflects the increasing foreign adoptions.B. Parents can find the answers to their questions in raising the adopted children.C. Children can learn a lot in culture camp.D. It helps the adopted children have a better understanding of their complex heritage.63. What is Alex's attitude toward India now?A. Strong disapproval.B. Much interest.C. Slight dislike.D. Enthusiastic support.64. The underlined sentence of the last paragraph most probably means _________.A. Through this camp the adopted kids knew better about American culture .B. If the adopted kids want to travel around the world, camping is the best choice.C. Through the camp the adopted kids can know better about Chinese culture.D. The camp helped adopted kids know more about their original culture, thus making the mixed-race family closer.65. What can we infer from the passage?A. Foreign adoption is a common phenomenon in America.B. Children can do whatever they want to do in the culture camp.C. Both parents and their adopted children can benefit from the culture camp.D. Children can receive best education in the culture camp.CAgricultural scientists are working to develop crop plants that use less water than those now grown. Almost sixty percent of the world's freshwater withdrawals from rivers, lakes and other water resources go towards irrigating fields. Scientists are using biotechnology as well as traditional breeding(繁殖)methods to develop water-saving crops to feed a growing world.Thomas Tommy Carter is a plant scientist in North Carolina working for the Agricultural Research Service in the United States Department of Agriculture. He leads Team Drought, a group of researchers at five universities. They have been using conventional breeding methods to develop soybeans that can grow well under dry conditions. Tommy started working on drought- resistant soybeans in 1981.His research has taken him as far as China, where soybeans have been grown for thousands of years.“Farmers in the United States, however, have grown soybeans for only about a century”Tommy Carter says, “the soybeans they grow are for the most part genetically similar.”More differences could better protect crops against climate changes that can reduce production. Those changes include water shortages which could result from global warming. The Agriculture Department has a soybean germplasm(胚种)collection, a collection of genetic material passed from one generation to the next. Members of Team Drought studied more than 2,500 examples from the collection. They looked at those from Asia and searched for germplasms that could keep plants from weakening and wilting during hot, dry summers in the United States.Tommy says they found only five, but these slow wilting lines can produce more than normal soybeans under drought conditions; the team is now doing field tests. The first breeding line is expected to be released next year for use by private seed companies and public soybean breeders.Scientists are also working on other plants that either use less water or use it better or both.66. Why can the soybeans in Asia do better under drought conditions?A. soybeans have been grown in Asia for thousands of yearsB. the germplasms are different from those in American soybeansC. Americans have been growing soybeans for a centuryD. the water shortage in Asia is much more serious than that in the US67. What are farming scientists doing to ensure feeding a growing world?A. they are using latest irrigating technology to increase the production.B. They are planting soybean germplasms in other countries.C. They are importing more drought-resistant soybeans from China.D. They are combining different ways to produce anti-drought crops.68. What can we learn from the passage?A. Team Drought is a group of scientists at five universities.B. Soybeans have been grown for a much longer time in China than in the United States.C. Germplasms have been found to keep 2,500 plants from weakening an d wilting during hot, dry summers.D. The first breeding line has produced more than normal soybeans under drought conditions.69. What will the writer most probably write about next?A. Other crop plants that use less water.B. The conclusion that less water is needed for soybeans.C. More information about Tommy Carter's new soybeans.D. The reasons why climate changes have taken place.70. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Conventional methods of plants breedingB. Efforts to develop crops which use less waterC. The history of soybean growing in ChinaD. What some scientists are doing to change the climatePART ⅣWRITING (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blankets by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Sister-city relationship is the relationship between different communities from different countries, which is beneficial to both sides. Often these partnerships are based on special projects or exchanges. People share their knowledge in areas like education, government, business or technology.Under this relationship, people can learn from each other and then solve problems together. They can also share an interest in other cultures as well as increase international understanding and friendship through educational, cultural and humanitarian activities. Citizen diplomats(外交官) could help build peace, too.Building sister-city relationships was one of the ideas put forward by President Eisenhower. On September 11 and 12, 1956, he established the program, the “People-to-People” program, at a White House conference.Soon, establishing sister-city relationship became very popular. Today, it is involved with programs in 134 countries. 700 American communities have partnerships with almost 1,800communities in other countries. Atlanta, Georgia, for example, has 18 sister-city partnerships. One is with Brussels, Belgium. Another is with Lagos, Nigeria. These two relationships have existed for more than thirty years. The areas they involve include economic development and trade. Within the past fifteen years, more American cities have created partnerships in developing countries. Projects have involved water quality, health care and good government. In Africa, projects might also deal with AIDS and HIV.Some sister-city relationships are fifty years old. And now th ere are even “cyber sister cities”—partnerships created over the Internet. They mainly develop their economy and culture. There are more than 100 cities developing this kind of relationship.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.As a young man, Al was a skilled artist, a potter. He had a wife and two fine sons. One night, his older son developed a severe stomachache. Thinking it was only some common intestinal(肠的)disorder, neither Al nor his wife took the condition very seriously. But the disease was actually acute appendicitis (阑尾炎), and the boy died suddenly that night.Knowing the death could have been prevented if he had only realized the seriousness of the situation, Al's emotional health declined under the enormous burden of his guilt. To make matters worse his wife left him a short time later, leaving him alone with his six-year-old younger son. The hurt and pain of the two situations were more than Al could handle, and he became an alcoholic.As the alcoholism progressed, Al began to lose everything he possessed —his home, his land, his art objects, everything. Eventually Al died alone in a San Francisco motel room.When I heard of Al's death, I thought, “What a complete failure!” “What a totally wasted life”.As time went by, I began to re-evaluate my earlier harsh judgment. You see, I knew Al's now adult son, Ernie. He is one of the kindest, most caring, most loving men I have ever known. I watched Ernie with his children and saw the free flow of love between them. I knew that kindness and caring had to come from somewhere.I hadn't heard Ernie talk much about his father. One day I worked up my courage to ask him. "I'm really puzzled by something," I said. "I know your father was basically the only one to raise you. What on earth did he do so that you became such a special person?"Ernie sat quietly and reflected for a few moments. Then he said, "From my earliest memories as a child until I left home at 18, Al came into my room every night, gave me a kiss and said, 'I love you, son.'"Tears came to my eyes as I realized what a fool I had been to judge Al as a failure. He had not left any material possessions behind, but he had been a kind loving father, and he left behind one of the finest, most giving man I have ever known.81. Why was Al in guilt? (no more than 12 words)_____________________________________________________________________ 82. Where did Al die? (no more than 5words)_____________________________________________________________________ 83. What made Al addicted to alcohol? (no more than 10 words)_____________________________________________________________________ 84. What did Al’s son Ernie learn from his father? (no more than 11 words)_____________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是李华。

湘豫名校联考2024届高三上学期9月一轮复习诊断考试(一)地理+Word版无答案

湘豫名校联考2024届高三上学期9月一轮复习诊断考试(一)地理+Word版无答案

河南省湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期9月月考地理试题注意事项:1.本试卷共8页。

时间90分钟,满分100分。

答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷指定位置,并将姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上,然后认真核对条形码上的信息,并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

作答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并收回。

一、选择题:共22小题,每小题2分,共44分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

台湾岛是我国最大的岛屿,下面为圣赫勒拿岛和台湾岛区域图。

据此完成1~2题。

1.圣赫勒拿岛面积最接近A.1.2 平方千米B.12 平方千米C.120 平方千米D.1200 平方千米2.由台湾岛到圣赫勒拿岛最短航线的飞行方向是A. 一直向东北飞B.先东北,后西南C. 一直向西南飞D. 先西北,后东南潮汐是海水的周期性涨落现象,同一海域每天有2次高潮位和2次低潮位。

下图显示2023年3月某日8时50分30°N 纬线不同经度海域的潮位(由东向西涌动)高度(单位:cm)。

据此完成3~4题。

3. 目前甲海域不适合A. 赶海活动B. 船舶进港C. 观潮活动D. 海水垂钓4.丁海域最近一次最高潮位发生的时间约为A.7:30B.8:00C.8:50D.9:40拉格朗日点是重力稳定点,在这里航天器或多或少可以“停留”,并且可以在不消耗过多燃料的情况下保持同样的相对位置。

2022年1月24日,美国发射的韦伯太空望远镜顺利进入围绕日地系统第二拉格朗日点的运行轨道,韦伯太空望远镜在此点运行时其镜面和传感器始终背向太阳,与地球同步绕太阳运行。

上面为韦伯太空望远镜位置示意图(图中的L1、L2、L3、L4、L5均为拉格朗日点)。

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2014届高三年级第一次月考地理试题命题:高三地理备课组(考试范围:世界地理、中国地理、地图、地球运动)本试卷分选择题卷和非选择题卷,时量90分钟,满分100分。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共50分)一、单项选择题:(25×2=50分) 读某地等高线图,完成1~2题1.图示区域内D 悬崖最大相对高差可能为A .200米B .399米C .400米D .599米 2.对图中各点的叙述正确的是A. 在C 处可观测到A 、F 点的地理事物B.B 处不可能有河流发育C. E 处的海拔可能为550米D.C 处宜建居民区 【答案】1.B 2.C读下图 “某区域年降水量和年平均等温线图”回答3-4题3.下列关于甲处降水小于200mm 的原因说法错误的是 A.夏季受寒流影响,降温减湿而降水少 B.纬度较低,终年高温,蒸发旺盛C.夏季风风向与海岸线平行,不易登陆抬升致雨D.全年受副热带高气压带控制,高温少雨4.结合气温和降水判断,③处的农业地域类型主要为A.商品谷物农业B. 大牧场放牧业C.水稻种植业D.热带种植园农业【答案】3.D 4.D下图为沿某大陆 80°经线 7 月气温分布曲线图。

读图回答第5题。

F甲5.有关④ 地所在国家的叙述,正确的是 ( )A.煤矿、铁矿主要分布在国土的西北部 B.气候干旱,以种植玉米为主C.畜牧业和工矿业发达 D.旱涝灾害频繁,对农业影响大【答案】D读下图为世界某区域示意图,完成第6题。

6.甲、乙两地相隔不远,但降水差异大,其主要原因是A.甲处于西风迎风坡,降水多,乙处于背风坡,降水少B.甲处于赤道低气压控制,降水多,乙处于信风带,降水少C.甲沿岸有寒流通过,降水少,乙处于暖流影响,降水多D.甲处于信风背风坡,降水少,乙处于迎风坡,降水多【答案】D中国网6月11日讯:2013年6月11日17时37分59秒,长征二号F火箭搭载神舟十号飞船,从酒泉卫星发射中心起飞升空。

将神舟十号飞船成功送入太空预定轨道。

这次成功发射,标志着我国空间探索又迈出了重要一步。

读图回答7-8题。

7.神舟十号的发射中心与所在省区组合正确的是()A.①--晋B.②--蜀C.③--甘D.④--琼8.相比①②③发射基地,④发射基地具有的优势是()A.海南属于热带气候,天气条件更有利于发射B.可以借此进一步发展旅游业C.四周环海,有利于飞船的安全返回D.有利于通过轮船运输大型火箭且发射时初始助推力更大,节省燃料答案7.C 8.D北京时间2013年4月20日08时02分四川省雅安市芦山县(北纬30.3度,东经103.0度)发生7.0级地震。

震源深度13千米。

截至23日12时,全市死亡人数已达173人、失踪22人,受伤人数已达10974人,其中重伤968人。

据此回答9-10题。

9.造成此次地震人员伤亡巨大的主要原因有()①震级大,能量大②灾区经济发展水平相对较低,一些房屋抗震性能偏弱。

③灾区多为山区地形,山高坡陡,容易引发次生地质灾害。

④导致核电站发生严重的核泄漏⑤人口稠密⑥当地经济发达,损失大A.①②④⑤B.②③⑤⑥C.①②⑤⑥D.①②③⑤10.据当地自然环境特点,此次地震可能诱发的其他地质灾害有()A.滑坡、泥石流B.火山喷发、台风C.洪涝、海啸D.泥石流、火灾答案:9.D10.A读我国某地区示意图,回答11~12题。

11.图示地区发展农业生产的主要限制性因素有()①旱涝②台风③凌汛④风沙⑤寒潮⑥盐碱化⑦缺水⑧低温A.①②③④B.①④⑥⑦C.③④⑤⑦D.②③④⑧12.适宜在图示平原地区大面积种植的农作物有()A.水稻、油菜、茶叶B.春小麦、亚麻、甜菜C.棉花、玉米、甘蔗D.冬小麦、棉花、花生答案:11.B12.D下表为昆明市多年热岛强度(热岛强度=城区气温-郊区气温)日变化统计表,其值高低反映了热岛强度的大小。

据表完成13~14题。

13.14A.春季B.夏季C.秋季D.冬季14.该地区冬季多晴暖天气的原因是()A.受单一气团影响B.受锋面影响C.气旋活动频繁D.冷空气活动频繁13.D14.A第13题,从表中可知14时热岛强度最大的季节为冬季。

第14题,冬季晴暖天气与受单一暖气团控制有关。

2004年3月,中共中央正式提出“促进中部地区崛起”的重要战略构想,并指出“加快中部地区发展是区域协调发展的重要方面”。

下图为中部各省粮食产量占全国的比重结构图,读图回答15~16题。

15.中部六省发展农业的共同优势自然条件是()A.地形平坦,耕地集中连片B.光热水条件较充足,雨热同期C.土质疏松,土壤肥沃,土层深厚D.河网密布,灌溉水源充足16.河南和山西两省粮食产量占全国比重差异大,主要原因是()A.农业发展水平不同B.工业基础差异C.市场需求差异D.耕地多少不同答案:15.B16.D下表为适宜四种农作物生产的气候条件。

读表回答17~18题。

17.四种农作物中,适宜在江汉平原种植的有()A.③④B.②④C.①②D.①③18.②作物在成都平原没有分布的主要原因是()A.热量不足B.水分缺乏C.水热配合差D.光照不足答案:17.C18.D珠江三角洲是我国著名的经济发达地区,为了进一步加快其经济的引领作用,带动周边经济的发展,又划分了一个新的区域——泛珠江三角洲区域(即粤、桂、闽、赣、湘、滇、贵、川、琼、香港、澳门),下图是“该区域的局部地区图”。

读图完成19~20题。

19.有关城市②的叙述正确的是()A.在地形单元上属于珠江三角洲B.在我国三大经济地带中属于西部经济地带C.京广高速铁路和沪昆高速铁路在此交汇D.该地所在省份有我国面积最大的淡水湖20.珠江三角洲地区有著名的“基塘农业”,该农业形成的自然区位因素是()①地势低平、河网密布②降水丰沛、水源充足③土地成片、土壤肥沃④高温多雨、雨热同期A.①②B.①③C.②④D.②③答案:19.C20.A下图中①为晨线和昏线的交点并向北移,P1、P2、P3、P4中有一条是正确的晨线或昏线。

此刻北京时间是14:40。

据此回答21-22题。

21.图中甲、乙、丙、丁正确的是A.P1 B.P2 C.P3 D.P422.长沙市下一次与该日昼长相等的日期大约是A.6月2日前后 B.7月12日前后C.12月2日前后 D.1月12日前后【答案】 21.C 22.A下图中,AB为晨昏线的一段,A是晨昏线与70°N的切点,B是晨昏线与北纬X°的交点,该日X°纬线圈上的昼弧和夜弧之比为7:5,B点太阳高度最大时,北京时间为10点,据此完成23—24题。

23.下列说法正确的是A.福州昼长夜短,且昼在变短B.全球极昼、极夜范围在增大C.X纬度上的人们看到日出东北方D.此时A地吹东南风24.图示时刻,太阳直射点的地理坐标为()A.20°S,45°E B.20°N,150°WC.20°N,45°E D.20°S,150°W【答案】23.C 24.C下图为“不同纬度四地正午太阳高度季节变化玫瑰图”。

读图回答25题。

25.图示四地纬度由高到低的顺序是A.①③④②B.④②①③C.②①③④D.③④②①【答案】25.C第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共50分)二、综合题:26.读下图,回答下列问题(16分)(1)图中河流②南北跨纬度约15º,河流的汛期主要出现在春季,且时间由南向北推迟,试分析原因。

(4分)该河流流经海洋性较强的海带大陆性气候区,冬季积雪量大,河流以积雪融水补给为主。

春季气温回升,出现汛期。

(2分)由于南北跨纬度大,南部纬度低,更高,气温上升慢,积雪后融化,汛期出现推迟。

(2分)(2)与②地区西部接壤的国家乌克兰商品谷物农业发达,素有“欧洲粮仓”之称,试分析其发展商品谷物农业的优势条件。

(6分)自然条件:离大西洋较近,降水较充足;地处东欧,为温带大陆性气候,日照时间长,昼夜温差大,利于粮食作物高产稳产;地形平坦,耕地面积广;土壤肥沃;河流众多,水源充足。

(3分,答对3点给满分)社会经济条件:地处东西欧交界,有广阔的市场;交通便利;劳动力充足;农业发展历史悠久。

(3分,答对3点即给满分)(3)里海北部沿海有乌拉尔河、伏尔加河注入,但却有沙漠分布,试分析原因。

(6分)里海北部沿岸地区虽距海较近,但因地势低平,大多为平原和低地,西风受地形抬升作用不明显而降水量较少;(2分)因地势低而气温高,导致蒸发量较大(2分);河流上中游的用水量大,造成下游缺水;(2分)27.读青藏地区简图,回答下列问题。

16分把日平均气温稳定上升到10ºC以上持续期内的日平均气温累加起来,得到的温度总和,叫做≥10ºC积温。

我国东北和内蒙古大部分、新疆北部地区≥10ºC积温为1600~3400ºC,作物熟制为一年一熟。

雅鲁藏布江河谷地区是西藏自治区最主要的农业区,粮食单产高,其≥10ºC积温约2000ºC,年降水量300~600毫米。

(1)青藏地区湖泊众多,是世界上最大的高原湖泊群分布区。

试分析青藏地区湖泊众多的自然原因。

4分(2)简述青藏地区交通运输的发展和分布的主要特点。

4分(3)雅鲁藏布江谷地自然条件优越,是青藏地区河谷农业的主要分布区之一,被称为“西藏江南”。

试描述该地农业发展的主要自然区位因素。

4分(4)简要说明青藏地区实现可持续发展的具体措施。

4分答案:(1)高山冰雪融水多;海拔高,气温低,蒸发弱;有冻土,不易下渗;多谷地地形,地表低洼处易积水成湖。

4分(2)发展:青藏地区过去交通原始落后,以羊肠小道和溜索为主;现代交通方式多样,有公路、铁路、航空等,以公路为主。

2分特点:运输网以拉萨为中心。

交通网络较稀疏且分布不均,主要分布在南部和东部地区,西北地区少。

2分(3)河谷地带地形较平缓开阔;光热资源充足,昼夜温差大,降水较丰富,适合农作物一年一熟的生长;耕地较多,土壤肥沃。

雅鲁藏布江提供丰富的灌溉水源。

4分(4)合理载畜,科学发展畜牧业;农畜产品较丰富,发展农畜产品加工业;能源、矿产等资源丰富,加强资源合理开发,把资源优势转变为经济优势;利用丰富而有特色的旅游资源发展旅游业;邻国多(陆疆长),发展边境贸易;发展教育科研,提高科技水平;交通不够发达,进一步改善交通运输条件;注意恢复和保护脆弱的生态环境。

(任答4点得4分)16.读“我国南方部分地区冬季气温分布图”和“海南某地气候资料图”,回答下列问题。

18分(1)昆明和台北纬度位置十分相近,但冬季气温差异大,主要原因是什么?6分(2)海南岛被称为我国冬季的“菜篮子”,据图分析,冬季影响该岛蔬菜生产的限制性因素是什么?原因是什么?3分(3) 近50年来洞庭湖与青海湖水域面积均大幅度减小,分别说明其减少的人为原因。

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