2023届高考英语 时文阅读 航天航空

2022届高考英语时文阅读航天航空
“It will be marvelous. It will be spiritual.” This is the ____1____ tagline that Virgin Galactic used in 2004 to attract potential customers to its planned space tourism services. It promised that, within five years, it would take a total of over 3,000 passengers on life-changing trips in its spaceships. On July 11, 2021, after a last 90-minute delay, Virgin Galactic finally began its fulfillment of that original ____2____. For four minutes, its six temporarily weightless passengers, including the firm’s British co-founder, Sir Richard Branson, saw the planet against the blackness of outer space.
Back on the ground, Sir Richard called the experience “magical”. He may have ____3____ the fact that he was able to reach space earlier than Jeff Bezos, a fellow billionaire but much wealthier. On July 20, Bezos would go slightly higher, for slightly less time, in a vehicle that had been built by his own spacefaring company, Blue Origin.
The two tycoons (大亨) are among a growing number of ____4____ who believe that space tourism’s time has come. Suborbital (亚轨道的) tourism is part of a broader space economy that has rapidly grown over the past decade ____5____ technological advances. However, it is highly ____6____ that this will be true.
For now, Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic will offer ____7____ suborbital flights to paying
customers. Blue Origin is focusing much more on the development of a large new rocket that will be used for the launching of satellites, on selling advanced rocket engines to other companies, and on bidding (投标) on NASA contracts such as the recently announced plan to send humans back to the moon. ____8____, Bezos doesn’t see Blue Origin as a provider of services to adventure-seekers.
Even this 4-minute suborbital travels have a(n) ____9____, apparently. A major survey found that nearly two in five people with a net worth of over five million dollars would consider paying $250,000, Virgin Galactic’s current price, for a ticket. The business could be ____10____, once regular flights begin to offset (抵消)the rockets’ development costs. But how fast and by how much is ____11____. Without tourist-friendly destinations to visit (the capacity of the International Space Station is strictly limited), orbital tourism, with its far higher ticket prices, will not be a huge earner.
Another challenge —and the industry’s biggest remaining uncertainty — relates to ____12____. History has shown that a disaster, ____13____ in the early stages of an industry, can set progress back by years. NASA ____14____ its plan to send the untrained to orbit in 1986 after a school teacher was killed along with the rest of the crew in the Challenger tragedy. It was another 15 years before the next untrained person would ____15____ the journey on a Russian craft.
1．A．modest B．demanding C．motivational D．unclear 2．A．obligation B．commitment C．requirement D．survey 3．A．felt ashamed of B．kept an eye on C．felt content with D．got upset with 4．A．optimists B．opponents C．experts D．objectors 5．A．thanks to B．but for C．apart from D．in spite of
6．A．impossible B．undoubted C．probable
D．favorable7．A．long-lasting B．inexpensive
C．automatic D．brief
8．A．On the contrary B．What’s more C．In the long run D．Above all
9．A．shortcoming B．limitation C．advantage D．appeal
10．A．profitable B．uneconomic C．eco-friendly D．globalized
11．A．predictable B．essential C．irrelevant D．uncertain
12．A．development B．security C．stability D．novelty 13．A．particularly B．critically C．precisely D．unforeseeably 14．A．initiated B．drafted C．modified D．suspended 15．A．brave B．abandon C．steer D．pause
02
After circling Earth for six months, the three crew members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission have departed from the Tiangong space station and returned to the mother planet on Saturday morning, finishing the nation’s longest manned spaceflight.
Zhai Zhigang, who was the mission commander, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu breathed fresh air for the first time after the half-year space journey as ground recovery staff opened the door of their reentry capsule (返回舱) at 10: 03 am.
Medical service workers on the site told China Central Television that the astronauts are in good condition. Carrying the mission crew, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft left from the Tiangong station at 12: 44 am. In the last hours of their stay inside the Tiangong, the astronauts worked with ground controllers to adjust the station, sending some experimental data back to Earth and sorting out materials.
The crew has set a new record for China’s longest spaceflight, almost doubling the previous record of 92 days created by their colleagues in the Shenzhou XII mission who travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year.
During the Shenzhou XIII mission, the astronauts carried out two spacewalks that totaled more than 12 hours. They tested components on the station’s robotic arm and used it to practice spacewalk. Wang took part in the first spacewalk on Nov 7, becoming the first female Chinese spacewalker.
The crew members also carried out two science lectures from the space station for Chinese students. In one experiment, Wang used a Bing Dwen Dwen toy, the popular mascot (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, to display how objects fly in weightless environment. The space-based lessons marked the start of the Tiangong Class series, China’s first space lecture series that aims to popularize space science and inspire youngsters to pursu e their “science and space dreams”, according to the manned space agency.
1．What mission did the crew members accomplish?
A．Living in space for half a year.
B．Controlling the space station on their own.
C．Opening the door of the reentry capsule.
D．Departing from the planet on Saturday morning.
2．Which was the achievement of the astronauts?
A．They completed a 12-hour spacewalk.
B．They conducted two science experiments.
C．They became the first Chinese spacewalkers.
D．They checked parts on the station’s roboti c arm.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Teenagers will be sent into space station to explore.
B．There will definitely be more space lectures in the future.C．“Science and space dreams” will be the top aim among teenagers.
D．Astronauts will use more Bing Dwen Dwen toys to do experiments.
4．Which is the best title of the text?
A．Inspire Youngsters to Pursue Space Dreams
B．The Mission Commander of Tiangong Station
C．Space-based Lessons Marked the Start of the Tiangong Class
D．Crew Members of the Shenzhou XIII Mission Returned to Earth
03
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wu Yanhua, deputy director of China National Space Administration, ___1___ (tell) China’s CCTV News on April 24th that China would start to build a monitoring and warning system of NEA (近地小行星) in order to ensure the safe, stable and orderly operation of spacecraft. “We
hope to approach an NEA and observe it at a much ____2____ (close) distance before hitting it to change ____3__ orbit. ____4____ the project works, we will prevent NEAs from ____5____ (danger) our planet in the future,” said Wu.
___6__ (devote) to the peaceful use of outer space, China is in the spirit of promoting the wellbeing of all humanity. The defense system, ____7___ is developed by China, aims at dealing with the impact of small near-Earth objects, ____8___ common risk faced by mankind. China will continue to cooperate with other countries to contribute our strength ____9___ protecting the ____10___ (safe) of Earth and all humanity.
04
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Chinese first Mars rover (火星车) was named Zhurong in last month. Zhurong is a god of fire in Chinese mythology, which echoes the Chinese name of the red planet, Huoxing.
Fire brought warm and brightness to the ancestors of humankind and the usage of fire is of great significant for human civilization. Naming the first Mars rover after the god of fire indicate Chinesese people’s blessing for the rover light the flame of China’s space exploration, CGTN reported. Literal, zhu expresse s the good wishes for humankind’s exploration of the universe. Rong meant integration and cooperation reflects China’s vision of the peaceful use of space and the building of a community with a sharing future for humanity.
05
Interesting Space Facts
As time goes by, technological advancements have made us learn more facts about space in the past century than in all time before that. We’ve already searched the universe for the most amazing space facts, including facts about the planets in our solar system, moons, the Milky Way
and beyond! __1___
The highest mountain discovered is the Olympus Mons, which is located on Mars. It is 16 miles high, making it nearly 3 times higher than Mount Everest.___2___ That’s the size of Arizona !
The sun weighs about 330,000 times more than Earth.___3___ In fact, the sun is so huge that it contains 99.85% of all mass in our solar system.
Footprints left on the moon won’t disappear as there is no wind. But wait a minute.
___4___Well, it actually wasn’t blowing. That blow ing you see is because of a telescopic horizontal rod (望远镜水平杆) that the astronauts were struggling to remove from the flag’s top.
_5__ This is due to the lack of gravity in space causing the vertebrae (椎骨) to expand a little. However, this extra height is lost when they re-enter the earth’s atmosphere and are affected by the earth’s gravity again.
A．We’re pretty sure they will make you interested!
B．New discoveries will no longer be made in the future.
C．It is so large that it can contain about 1,300,000 Earths!
D．Not only is it tall, but it’s 114,000 square meters as well.
E．All these space facts may not be true at the time of writing.
F．Astronauts can grow about two inches in height when in space.
G．If there’s no wind to blow them away, then why is the f lag blowing?。