九年级英语全一册同步必背知识清单 Unit 10 (人教版)

Unit10You are supposed to shake hands.
九年级英语上册必备知识清单
一、词汇知识清单
I、课标词汇[注意英译汉]
custom n.风俗；习俗bow v.&n鞠躬
kiss v.亲吻
greet v.打招呼relaxed adj.放松的value v.珍视&n.价值capital n.首都moon n.月亮
mad adj.生气的effort n.努力passport n.护照chalk n.粉笔blackboard n.黑板coast n.海岸season n.季节northern adj.北方的knock v.敲eastern adj.东方的worth adj.值得的elbow n.肘manner n.方式；礼仪empty adj.空的basic adj.基本的exchange v.&n.交换teenage n.青少年granddaughter n.孙女behave v.表现；举止except prep.除了gradually adv.逐渐地suggestion n.建议
II、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化]
greet v.和......打招呼;迎接----greeting n.问候；招呼；祝贺
relaxed adj.放松的；--relaxing adj.令人感到放松的--relax v.放松；休息--relaxation n.放松；消遣
value v.重视；珍视；n.价值----valuable adj.有价值的；贵重的----valueless adj.无价值的；不值钱的----invaluable adj.无价的；非常贵重的----unvalued adj.不受重视的；无价值的
capital n.首都；国都；资金；大写字母----capitalize v.用大写字母写
effort n.努力；尽力----effortful adj.需要努力的；显示努力的；充满努力的----effortless adj.不费力的，容易的；天生的
northern adj.北方的；北部的-----north n.北方----northerner n.北方人coast n.海岸；海滨----coastal adj.沿海的；海岸的
eastern adj.东方的；东部的----east n.东方----easterner n.东方人
worth adj.值得的；有......价值的----worthy adj.值得的；有价值的----worthless adj.无价值的；不值钱的
manner n.方式；方法；（pl.）礼貌；礼仪----mannered adj.矫揉造作的；守规矩的
empty adj.空的；空洞的----emptiness n.空洞
basic adj.基本的；基础的----base n.基础；基本成分v.以……作基础；将……的活动中心设在某地----basis n.基础；底部；主要成分----basement n.地下室；地窖----basically adv.主要地；基本地
teenage adj.十几岁的；青少年的----teenager n.青少年
behave v.表现；举止----behavio(u)r n.行为；举止；表现
gradually adv.逐步的；逐渐的----gradual adj.逐渐的
suggestion n.建议-----suggest v.建议
1.be relaxed about对...自由/放松
2.drop by拜访
3.after all毕竟
4.get mad生气
5.make...feel at home使...宾至如归
6.clean...off把...擦掉
7.go out of one’s way格外努力
8.make an effort作出努力9.be expected to do理应做...
10.be supposed to do应该做...
11.to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是
12.take off起飞
13.get used to习惯
14.make mistakes犯错误
15.be comfortable doing sth轻松自如地做某事
IV、核心单词知用法[注意固定短语、句型和词块]
1.greet V.打招呼=say hello to sb.
【短语】greet sb with..用...和某人打招呼
2.relaxed adj.轻松的；自在的
【短语】be relaxed about对...宽松/随意relaxed&relaxing
3.value n.价值&v.珍视/重视
【拓展】valuable贵重的;有价值的valueless无价的
4.mad adj.生气的
【短语】be/get mad at/with sth/sb=be angry with sb/sth生某人的气be mad about sth因某事而生气
5.Northern adj.北方的north n.北方
【拓展】eastern东方的east东方western西方的
west西方southern南方的south南方
6.knock
【短语】knock into与...相撞knock down撞倒knock at敲
7.Worth
【短语】be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”
【拓展】be worth+名词be worth the time/money/trouble/effort费时间、金III、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]
钱、费力、麻烦也是值得的
8.empty adj.空的v.倒空；清空
8.Exchange n.&v.
【短语】in exchange for交换exchange A for B用A换B
9.suggestion
名词动词搭配互换短语
suggest suggestion可数
名词(a
suggestion一条
建议)suggest doing sth建议做某事
suggest(that)sb.do sth建议某
人做某事
give some advice/
suggestions提建议
follow one’s
advice/
suggestions听从意
见
advise advice不可数名
词(a piece of
advice一条建
议)advise sb.to do sth建议做某事advise(that)sb.do sth建议某人做某事
10.behave v.表现；举止
【拓展】behavior n.行为behave oneself表现好自己
11.manner通常用复数形式表示“礼貌；礼仪”；table manners餐桌礼仪
【拓展】还可以意为“方法；方式”
短语赏析：
1.关于drop的短语
drop by+(地点/人物)顺便拜访；随便进入drop in at+地点：拜访某地drop in on+sb：拜访某人
2.关于all的短语
first of all首先all in all总之after all毕竟not...at all一点也不
all the time一直all of a sudden突然
3.关于take的短语
take care of照顾take off起飞；脱；成功take place发生
take a break休息take notes记笔记
take a message捎口信take after像take away拿走
take up从事;占据take down写下;摧毁
take in吸收；欺骗;理解take it easy take over接管
4.关于way的常用短语
on one’s way(to)在去...路上by the way顺便说一下
in a way在某种程度上in this way用这种方式
get in the way of妨碍lose one’s way迷路
go out of one’s way格外努力
5.区别besides/except/but
三者都可表示“除外”，但besides表示一种累加关系，意指“除了什么之外，还有”；而except或but则表示一种排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有”All students went to park besides Tom.(Tom也去了)。

All students went to park except/but Tom.(Tom没去)
V、高级结构会变通[注意高级在写作中的仿写]
经典句型
1.You are supposed to shake hands.你们应该握手。

2.In the United States,they’re expected to shake hands.在美国，他们应该握手。

3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato,and as soon as I held out my hands,he bowed.我遇到了一个叫佐藤的日本男孩，我刚一伸出手，他就鞠躬了。

4.We often just drop by our friends’homes if we have time.我们经常一有时间就顺便到朋友家拜访。

5.It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
但是如果你想了解另一种文化，即使麻烦也是值得的。

6.I’m very comfortable speaking French now.我现在讲法语轻松自如。

7.I was a bit nervous before I arrived here,but there was no reason to be.
我来这里之前还有点紧张，但是没有理由那样。

8.I held out my hands and to my surprise,she kissed me on both sides of my face!我伸出手，可令我吃惊的是，她亲吻了我的双颊。

句型解读：
1.You are supposed to shake hands.
【点拨】be supposed to do意为“应该做某事”，用于表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于should do sth=ought to do sth；shake hands with sb意为“与...握手”
2.In the United States,they’re expected to shake hands.
【点拨】expect sb to do sth意为“希望某人做某事”，经常用于被动语态，其结构“sb be expected to do sth”
3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato,and as soon as I held out my hands,he bowed.【点拨】as soon as意为“一...就”，引导时间状语从句。

如果主句用一般将来时、含情态动词或祈使句，从句应用一般现在时。

held out意为“伸出；递出”
4.I held out my hands and to my surprise,she kissed me on both sides of my face!【点拨】to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”
【拓展】in/with surprise惊奇地be surprised at/about对...感到be surprised to do sth
5.We often just drop by our friends’homes if we have time.
【点拨】drop by意为“顺便拜访；随便进入”
【拓展】drop in at+地点：拜访某地drop in on+sb：拜访某人
6.It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
【点拨】be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”
【拓展】be worth+名词be worth the time/money/trouble/effort费时间、金钱、费力、麻烦也是值得的
7.I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
【点拨】be comfortable doing意为“做某事自信、自如”=feel good about doing 8.I was a bit nervous before I arrived here,but there was no reason to be.
【点拨】there is/was(no)reason to do sth意为“（没）有理由做某事”=have no reason to do
【拓展】there is/was(no)need to do sth意为“（没）有必要做某事”
9.I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because it’s impolite to keep others waiting.
【点拨】keep用法 1.keep+adj 2.keep+doing
3.keep+宾语+宾语补足语
二、语法知识清单
1.be supposed to do表示应该做某事
①当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该/被期望...”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于should。

②当be supposed to的主语是“物”时，意为“本应该”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。

③was/were supposed to do sth相当于should have done,表示（过去）本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。

④be supposed to还可以表示“被认为，被相信是...”
2.be expected to do表示“预计，预料，有望...”
3.It is+形容词+for/of sb.+不定式
It is+形容词+for sb.+不定式句型中的形容词为描述事物特征的词:It is important for us to learn English.
It is+形容词+of sb.+不定式句型中的形容词为描述人物品质及性格特征的词:It is kind of you to help me.
三、语篇知识清单
一、话题分析
本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。

要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。

最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。

二、写作方法
“三步法”写“介绍风俗类”作文
第一步：总体介绍
第二步：分细节介绍
第三步：以祝福或期待收尾
三、素材积累
“介绍风俗类”作文常用语块：
见面礼仪
custom,meet,visit,should,be different from,shake hands,be(not)supposed to, be expected to,first,second.then,finally smile and say“nihao",not kiss or hug,·introduce younger ones to older ones,introduce men to women
餐桌礼仪
start to eat until everyone is at the table,not start eating first if there are older people at the table,not stick your chopsticks into your food,lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl,not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not make any noise when you eat your soup,not speak with your mouth full of food,not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks,accept it when the host
待客与做客礼仪
serve some fruit,offer some tea,receive the gift/present with two hands,not open the gift/present until the guests leave,use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend,knock on the door before entering the room,not leave without saying goodbye,arrive on time,bring some gifts/presents,express your thanks to the hosts when you leave
“介绍风俗类”作文常用句型:
1.It's polite to...
2.It's impolite/rude to.....
3.You should/shouldn't...
4.You're(not)supposed to...
5.You're(not)expected to...
6.It's important to...
7.Don't...
8.Never...
9.Remember(not)to...
10.You'd better(not)...
11.One important thing is that…
12.Another example is that…
13.Also,…/What’s more,/besides,/for example,if,when,althouth,so…“介绍风俗类”作文常用常用习语
When in Rome,do as Romans do.入乡随俗。

“After you”is good manners.“您先请”是礼貌。

Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。

Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。

写作训练
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Dale发来电子邮件，想了解中国人的一些社交习俗。

请你根据以下要点提示给他回复一封电子邮件，从四个方面进行介绍。

要点提示：1.与他人初次见面时； 2.客人来访时；3.接受礼物时；4.赴宴时。

要求：1.词数90左右，电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Dale,
Glad to hear from you.Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________
Anyhow,different cultures have different customs.Could you please tell me some customs in your country?
ours,
i Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Dale,
Glad to hear from you.Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.
In China,when we meet others for the first time,we usually say“Hello”and
shake hands.We don’t hug or kiss each other.When visitors come to our homes,
we always serve some fruit and offer some tea.But it’s not polite to pour too
much or too little tea into the cup.When we accept gifts,we must use both hands
to take them.And we usually say“It’s unnecessary”before finally accepting a
gift to show politeness.If we are invited to a party,we are supposed to arrive on
time.
Anyhow,different cultures have different customs.Could you please tell me some customs in your country?
Y ours,
i Hua。