初中英语词汇辨析30组

There are some new books on the desk. 桌子上有一些新书。 Would you like some water? (表征求、询问) 您来点儿水吗？
Are there any new books on desk? 桌子上有新书吗？
There isn’t any milk in the glass. 杯子里没有牛奶了。
词汇
用法
long before 很早以前；在……以前很久
before long 不久以后
8．alone / lonely
例句
He retired long before the war. 他在战争之前早就退休了。 Long before morning, all was done again. 天还没亮，一切又重新开始。 It won't be long before you regret what you have done. 过不了多久，你就会后悔你做的事。 Before long, we were deep in conversation. 我们很快就进入深谈。 I'll be seeing you before long. 不久，我就会见到你。 We'll see why before long. 我们不久后将看到为什么。
When did you get home / there / here?
12．agree with / agree on(upon) / agree to
词汇 agree with agree on (agree upon)
agree to
用法
例句
agree with sb. agree with sth.
正：We do not yet know the answer. (正式)
误：We don’t know yet the answer.
It's a small car, yet it's surprisingly spacious. 这辆汽车不大，然而却出奇地宽敞。
conj. 但是，然而
He has a good job, and yet he never seems to have any money. 他有份好工作，然而他却好像总也没 有钱。
事。②否定句中可放在句尾， We have yet to decide what action to take
yet
放在句中要紧跟否定词。
= We have not decided what action to take. 我们尚未决定采取the answer yet. (口语或非正式)
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11．arrive in / arrive at / reach / get to
词汇
用法
例句
arrive in
动词短语，arrive in 通常是到 达较大的地方，如城市、国家
She'll arrive in New York at noon. 她将在正午抵达纽约。
When did William arrive in England? William 什么时候到达英国的？
a bridge over the river. 横跨河面的桥
She put a blanket over the sleeping child. 她给熟睡的孩子盖上毯子。
a picture on a wall 墙上的画 “在…上面”，物体表面要接触 Put it down on the table.
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5．at all / after all
词汇
用法
at all
根本；究竟。用于否定句。
after all
毕竟；终究
6．ago / before
例句
He doesn't understand women at all. 他根本就不了解女性。 Robin never really liked him at all. 罗宾根本从来没有真正喜欢过他。 So you made it after all! 你毕竟成功了！ He could not, after all, stop all the evil in the world. 他毕竟不能阻止世上所有的恶行。
穿过
他们穿过森林。
3．in front of / in the front of
词汇 in front of in the front of
4．some / any
用法
例句
“在某人或某物的前面”， 在某个范围以外 “在……的前部”，在某个 范围以内。
There are some tall trees in front of the building. 大楼前有一些高大的树。
He is a little (a bit) better today. 他今天的情况有轻微好转。
①a bit 表示稍微、有点儿。作副词， 表达“程度”时，修饰动词、形容词、
组成短语：a little (of，可以省略) = a bit of
副词、介词短语或比较级。②a little I want to drink a little (of) water.
式用语。③a bit 常可与 a little 换 用，但 a bit 较口语化，且从表示的 程度上讲，a bit 稍弱于 a little。故 有时为了加强语气，在 a bit 中间加 上 little。④但是 Not a little 表达 “很，非常”，而 not a bit 的意思是 “一点也没有，一点也不”。
13．a little / a bit / a little bit
词汇 a little a bit
a little bit
用法
例句
a bit, a little bit, a bit of 都表示“一点 做状语：a little = a bit
点，有点儿”的意思，但是用法不同， 具体区别如下：
词汇 alone lonely
用法
例句
adj. 独自的；单独的，不表示 He doesn’t feel lonely when he is alone.
寂寞、孤独，句中只作表语。 他一个人时不感到寂寞。
adv. 独自，单独
I want to be alone with Mary.
adj. 孤单的，寂寞的
把它放在桌子上。
2．across / through
词汇
用法
例句
across through
“横穿、横过”，与被穿过的物 The boy swam across the river.
体呈交叉状。
那男孩游过河。（横着游过）
“穿过，通过”，从物体的空间 They walked through the forest.
10．answer / reply / response / respond
词汇 answer reply response respond
用法 vt. & n. 回答，答复 vi & n. 回答，答复 n. 回复，答复 vi. 回答，回应
例句
①作名词，“答复、回复”, 意思相同，用法相同。 She made no answer / reply / response. 她没作任何回答。 in answer to / in reply to / in response to ②answer 是及物动词，可接宾语；reply 是不及物 动词，需要组成动词短语 reply to，方可接宾语； response 是名词；respond 是不及物动词，需要组 成动词短语 respond to，才可接宾语。
I agree with you. 我同意你的意见。 I agree with what you say. 我同意你的意见。
agree on sth.
We agree on this price. 我们同意这个价格。
agree on doing sth.
They agree on painting the room. 他们同意粉刷房屋。
agree to sth. (to 为介词) agree to do sth.(动词不定式)
He has agreed to our proposal. 他已经同意了我们的建议。
You must not agree to do it. Don't weaken. 你们一定不能同意做这件事。别心软。
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他们到现在还是没有赚更多的钱。
I haven't received a letter from him yet. 我还没有收到他的信呢。
I didn't receive a letter from him yet.
adv. 仍然，还 ①用于否定句和疑问句，谈 论尚未发生但可能发生的
我还没有收到过他的信。 —Are you ready yet? 你准备好了吗？ —No, not yet. 还没有。
我想与玛丽单独在一起。
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9．still / yet
词汇
用法
例句
Mum, I'm still hungry!
妈，我还饿！
adv. 还，依旧
still
用于肯定句、疑问句和否定 Do you still live at the same address? 你还住在原地址吗？
句。
They still haven't got more money.
She'll get to New York at noon. 她将在正午抵达纽约。
When did William get to England? William 什么时候到达英国的？
I like to get to airports in good time. 我喜欢提前到机场。
注意：arrive in / arrive at / get to 这个三个动词短语，在后面接地点副词 home, there, here 等时， 需要省略后面的介词 in / at / to. 如：
和 a bit 均可构成短语 a little of 和
I want to drink a bit of water. 我想喝少量的水。
a bit of，用于修饰不可数名词。但 a little of 中的 of 可以省略；a bit of 的 of 不可以省略。a bit of，为非正
可以说 a little water，但不可以说 a bit water, 而要说 a bit of water.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom. 老师坐在教室前面。
词汇 some any
用法
例句
①some 多用于肯定句中，后 接复数可数或不可数名词。 ②在表示征求、询问的疑问 句也用 some.
any 与不可数或复数名词连 用，用于否定句和疑问句。
reach
及物动词，直接接宾语，reach 到达的地方部分大小。
She'll reach New York at noon. 她将在正午抵达纽约。
When did William reach England? William 什么时候到达英国的？
get to
动词短语，get to 接宾语，到 达的地方部分大小。
arrive at
动词短语，arrive at 通常是到
He'll arrive at the office in about half an hour. 他大约半小时后会到办公室。
达一个较小的地方，如超市、
银行、酒店等。
I arrive at school at 7 o'clock. 我七点钟到学校。
初中英语词汇辨析 30 组
1．above / over / on
词汇
用法
例句
above over on
“在…上方”，不一定是垂直上 We were flying above the clouds.
方，反义词为 below.
我们在云层上面飞行。
“在…上面”，一般指垂直上 方。反义词为 under.
The lamp hung over the table. 灯挂在桌子上方。
词汇
用法
ago
以前，adv.
before
在…以前，在…面前，prep.
7．long before / before long
例句
The letter came a few days ago. 这封信是几天前寄来的。 She was here just a minute ago. 刚才她还在这儿。 before lunch 午餐之前 the day before yesterday 前天