Unit 4 He said I was hard-working

Unit 4He said I was hard-working
Unit 4He said I as hard-ring
【单元目标】
1．单词与短语
ever ad anre sna
essage suppse hard-ring nervus
seester rst true disappinting lu p hers deisin
start influene peae brder
danger
first f all 首先
pass n 传递
be suppsed t 被期望或被要求
d better in 在方面做得更好
be in gd health 身体健康
reprt ard 成绩单
get ver克服；恢复；原谅
pen up 打开
are fr照料；照顾
have a part fr sb为某人举行一次聚会
be ad at sb
2．目标句型：
转述他人话语
hat did sb sa?
He said I …
She said she…
The said…
3．语法
直接引语和间接引语
【重难点分析】
直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。

间接引语一般构成宾语从句。

直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。

直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，ased等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。

例如：
T said t e,“ brther is ding his her”
→T said t e that his brther as ding hi s her
2 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。

例如：
She ased a,“here have u been?”
→She ased a here he had been
He said,“These bs are ine”
→He said that thse bs ere his
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

1陈述句的间接引语
陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，通常由that引导，可以省略。

“I ant the blue ne” he tld us “我想要兰色的。

” 他说。

→He tld us that he anted the blue ne他说他想要兰色的。

She said t e, “u an’t settle anthing n”她对我说：“此刻你无法解决任何事情。

”
→She tld e that I uldn’t settle anthing then她对我说那时侯我无法解决任何事。

2 疑问句的间接引语
直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。

间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。

引述动词常用as, nder, ant t n, inquire。

间接疑问句一般有三种：
(1)．一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由hether或if 引导。

如：
“Has he ever red in Shanghai?”i ased
“他在上海工作过吗？”吉姆问。

→i ased hether/if he had ever red in Shanghai
吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。

“an u tell e the a t the hspital?” The ld an ased
那个老人问：“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
→The ld an ased hether I uld tell hi the a t the hspital
那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路。

(2) 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原的疑问词引导。

如：
“hih r d u live in?” He ased “你住哪个房间？”他问我。

→He ased e hih r I lived in 他问我住哪个房间。

“hat d u thin f the fil?” She ased 她问“你怎么看这部电影？”
→She ased her friend hat she thught f the fil她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影。

(3) 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由hether/if …r引导。

如：
“Is it ur bie r T’s? u ased
妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？”
→u ased hether/if it as bie r T’s
妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。

“Des ur sister lie blue dresses r green nes?” ate ased
“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？”凯特问。

→ate ased hether/if sister lied blue dresses r green nes
凯特问我的妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的。

3 祈使句的间接引语
当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，as，rder，beg，request，rder等，而把直接祈使句变成带t的不定式短语。

如：
a said, “Please e t huse trr, ar”杰克说：“玛丽，明天请到我家。

”
→a ase d ar t g t his huse the next da杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。

The teaher said t the students, ”Stp taling”老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。

”
→The teaher tld the students t stp taling老师让学生们不要说话了。

“Dn’t tuh anthing” He said“不要碰任何东西。

”他说。

→He tld us nt t tuh anthing他对我们说不要碰任何东西。

4 动词时态和代词等的变动
(1) 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间
接引语中的变化规则如下：
直接引语间接引语
tda that da
n then, at that ent
esterda the da befre
the da befre esterda t das befre
trr the next da / the flling da
the da after trr t das after, / in t das
next ee/ nth et the next ee/nth et
last ee/ nth et the ee / nth et befre
here there
this that
these thse
e g
bring tae
(2) 如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。

而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。

变化情况如下：
现在时间推移到过去的时间，即一般现在时变为一般过去时；
“I feel better tda” He said
“我今天感觉好多了。

”他说。

→He said that he felt better that da
他说他那天感觉好多了。

现在进行时变为过去进行时；
“Xia ing is ding se ashing” u said
“小明正在洗衣服。

”妈妈说。

→u said that Xia ing as ding se ashing
妈妈说小明正在洗衣服。

练习
I Put the flling int reprted speeh
1 “In st untries red stands fr danger” Said r asn
2 “u ust leave a essage fr ur ther” Said T
3 “Are u being attended t, sir?” He ased
4 “Shall I arr ur bag fr u?” ar ased
“D u n her nae?” friend a ased e
6 “here is the nearest hspital?” hn ased
7 “Dn’t l ut f the ind hen u have lasses” ur teaher tld us
8 “ae gd use f ur tie” r Li advised
9 He ased Li ing “ere u athing TV at this tie esterda?”
10 He ased e, “hen did u see the fil?”
II Please hange the flling sentenes fr indiret speeh int diret speeh 11 Bett ased e if I had been at he the da befre
Bett ased e，“___ ___ at he ___?”
12 She said that she had been ba fr a ee
She said，“___ ___ ___ fr a ee”
13 r Sith said that hn had tld hi all abut it three ees befre
r Sith said，”hn ___ ___ all abut it three ees ___”
14 The teaher ased his student h she had ade s an istaes in the test that tie
The teaher ased his student，“h __ __ __ s an istaes in the test __ tie?”
1 The teaher ased us hether e ere read
The teaher ased us，“___ ___ ___?”
16 The teaher tld her nt t be late an re
The teaher ___ ___ her，“___ ___ late an re!”
17 dtr tld e nt t read in bed
dtr ___ ___ e，“___ ___ in bed”
18 Liu ing tld e that she uld help e ith English
Liu ing said t e，“___ ___ help ___ ith ___ English”
19 D u n hat fatr his father rs in?
hat fatr ___ his father ___ in? D u n?
20 The nitr tld us that e ere ging t have a eeting the next da
The nitr said, “e ___ ___ t have a eeting ___”
III Reading
an has alas anted t fl Se f the greatest en in histr have thught abut the prble ne f these, fr exaple, as the great Italian artist, Lenard da Vini In the
sixteenth entur he ade designs fr ahines that uld fl Ang these designs there as atuall ne fr a helipter There as als anther ne fr a parahute (降落伞) But these things ere all designs The ere never built
Thrughut histr, ther less faus en have anted t fl A tpial exaple s a an in England 800 ears ag He ade a pair f ings fr hien feathers Then he fixed the t his shulders and uped int the air fr a tall building He did nt fl ver far Instead, he fell t the grund and bre ever bne in his bd,
The first real steps t plae in Frane, in 1783 T brthers, the ntglfiers, ade a ver large “ht air balln” The ne that ht air rises h nt fill a balln ith it? The balln as ade f lth and paper In Septeber f that ear, the ing and Queen f Frane ae t see the balln The athed it arr the ver first air passengers int the s The passengers ere a sheep, a hien and a du e d nt n h the felt abut the trip But e d n that the trip lasted eight inutes and that the anials landed safel T nths later, t en did the sae thing n 21 Nveber, Pilatre de Rzier and the arquis a Arlande rse abve Paris in a siilar balln Their trip lasted tent-five inutes and the traveled abut eight ileters
21 In the sixteenth entur, __________ as built t help fl in the s
A a helipter
B parahute
designs fr ahines
D nthing
22 The an ith a pair f ings fr hien feathers _________
A fle ver far
B fle a shrt distane
realized his drea
D fell t the grund and died
23 The “ht air balln”uld fl beause __________
A ht air rises
B it is ade f lth and paper
there’s a balln ith it
D it’s ver large
24 n 21 Nveber, Pilatre de Rzier and the arquis a Arlande rse abve Paris _______
A in the sae balln as a sheep，a hien and a du ere ne in
B in a pletel different balln
in anther “ht air balln”
D in a helipter
2 The best title fr this passage is “_____________”
A T Brthers，The ntglgiers
B Ht Air Ballns And ings ade Fr hien Feathers
Designs Fr ahines That uld Fl
D Trip In Ht Air Balln
e
I
1 r asn said that in st untries red std fr danger
2 T said that I ust leave a essage fr ther
3 He ased if/ hether I as being attended t
4 ar ased e hether / if I shuld arr her bag fr her
friend a ased e if I ne her nae
6 hn ased e here the nearest hspital as
7 ur teaher tld us nt t l ut f the ind hen e have lasses
8 r Li advised us t ae gd use f ur tie
9 He ased Li ing if she as athing TV at that tie esterda
10 He ased e hen I sa the fil 此句涉及到某一具体时间，不必转换成过去完成时。

II
11 ere u, esterda
12 I’ve been ba
13 tld e, ag
14 did u ae/ have u ade
1 Are u read?
16 said t, Dn’t be
17 said t, Dn’t read
18 I ill, u , ur
19 des, r
20 are ging, trr
III
21-2 DDAB。