高中英语Unit4SectionIReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版选择性第四册

Section ⅠReading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解。

A
Helping and supporting others may be key to living a longer and healthier life, according to new research from the University of Basel in Switzerland. The findings published in the journal Evolution and Human Behaviour, show that grandparents who care for their grandchildren enjoy longer lifespans. So do old people who care for others within their social networks.
Using data from the Berlin Aging Study, the researchers analysed the longevity(寿命) and caregiving habits of more than 500 old people between the ages of 70 and 103. The study compared grandparents who acted as occasional caregivers with those who did not. It also compared these grandparents with old adults who did not have grandchildren but cared for people within their social networks.
Those grandparents who did not play the role of attending to grandchildren were more likely to have died within just five years of the testing period. While those old adults who provided support to their family lived for an extra seven years on average and those provided support to their social networks lived for an extra four years on average.
Although the new study only focused on old adults, it’s safe to assume that the health benefits of helping and taking care of others also reach those of all ages. However, it’s important to note that too much caregiving often has just the opposite effect. There’s a clear link between too much caregiving and a number of negative physical and mental health consequences.
1. How many groups of old people are involved in the study?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
解析:细节理解题。

根据第二段最后两句可知有三组老年人参与了这项研究。

故选B。

答案:B
2. What does the research show?
A. Old people are more likely to support others.
B. Grandparents live longer than childless old adults.
C. Supporting others prevents diseases of old patients.
D. Helping others properly has a good effect on health.
解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段首句“Although the new study only focused on old adults, it’s safe to assume that the health benefits of helping and taking care of others also reach those of all ages.”可推知,正确地帮助别人对健康有很好的影响。

故选D。

答案:D
3. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Reducing caregiving can avoid bad health.
B. It’s a good quality of all ages to be helpful.
C. Caregiving is not always beneficial to health.
D. Mental disorder is often caused by much caregiving.
解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“However, it’s important to note that too much caregiving often has just the opposite effect. There’s a clear link between too much caregiving and a number of ne gative physical and mental health consequences.”可推知,照料别人并不总是有益于健康。

故选C。

答案:C
B
Anyone who has ever volunteered for any cause can tell you that in the end, they felt that they gained more from the experience than they gave. This is true for most examples of reaching out to help others. We find that we gain new understanding about not only those we help, but ourselves as well. Stressing the importance of helping others in martial arts, students will benefit themselves both inside and outside of the class.
Helping others strengthens families. Families that practise the belief of working together and helping each other prepare their children for the concept of teamwork outside of the home environment. By learning to help around the house through activities such as household jobs, baby-sitting and keeping a tidy bedroom,
children learn valuable lessons that they carry with them to their future relationships.
By helping others outside of the home environment, valuable friendships can be developed. When we learn to reach out to others and give off our time and talents we find that our friendships grow, which in turn is a benefit to our lives. Martial arts training supports this by exposing students to people of various backgrounds and beliefs that gather for a common goal and to help each other. Any time a group of people are working towards a common goal, team spirit surely forms. When we help each other in the martial arts setting and in every area of our lives, a friendship is formed that promotes teamwork.
The most important thing to realise is that it does not take a lot to make a lot happen. Little things can make a big difference in the area of helping others. Simple gestures of kindness and support given frequently can build a strong base for the growth and development of each individual which leads to the success of all.
4. Why will any volunteer benefit from the experience?
A. They will be admitted to a martial arts class for free.
B. They can also have a better understanding of themselves.
C. They can understand the importance of martial arts better.
D. They will be paid back by those who are helped sooner or later.
解析:细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“We find that we gain new understanding about not only those we help, but ourselves as well.”可知,任何志愿者都可以在这个活动中受益,因为他们可以更好地了解自己。

故选B。

答案:B
5. Why is martial arts training valuable according to the author?
A. It promotes students’ team spirit.
B. It develops students’ talents.
C. It benefits students’ lives.
D. It exposes students’ backgrounds.
解析:细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Martial arts training ... to help each other. Any time a group of people are working towards a common goal, team spirit surely forms.”
可知,作者认为武术训练是有价值的,因为它可以提升孩子们的团队精神。

故选A。

答案:A
6. Which of the following proverbs can be used to summarise the last paragraph?
A. Many drops make a shower.
B. Strike the iron(铁) while it is hot.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Two heads are better than one.
解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段前两句“The most important thing to realise is that it does not take a lot to make a lot happen. Little things can make a big difference in the area of helping others.”可知,在帮助别人的时候, 一些小的事情可以产生很大的影响。

“Many drops make a shower.”意为“涓涓清泉汇成流,滴滴水珠聚成雨”。

故选A。

答案:A
C
Have you ever considered volunteering? It gives you a chance to make contributions. You’ll feel a sense of pride that you are volunteering your time, and a local organisation will benefit, too. But how to volunteer?Follow the three steps before you enjoy it.
Pick an organisation. 7. You’re likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organisation that supports a cause you care about. For example, if you’re interested in animal welfare, maybe you want to volunteer at an animal shelter. Much like job search sites, you can also use volunteer websites like Volunteer Match to help you find volunteer opportunities in your area. If you still can’t narrow down where you want to volunteer, start asking people you know where they volunteer. 8.
Be clear what you can offer. First identify your skills. For example, maybe you could write brochures for local nonprofits if writing is your style. 9. You need to be sure how much time you can give to an organisation based on your other commitment s. If you try to do too much, you’re more likely to give up.
10. Treat the application like a job. Spend some time preparing for the
interview, much as you would for a job interview. 11. Ask what’s expected of volunteers. For instance, volunteers at a museum may be expected to learn parts of the galleries to give tours. Start volunteering slowly. That is, it’s better to commit to just a little bit of time at first to see if you like volunteering at the organisation.
A. Apply and get started.
B. Volunteer in person or online.
C. Then don’t forget to review your weekly schedule.
D. You’d better focus on the causes you like very much.
E. You may find one of them has the perfect opportunity for you.
F. It is also a time for you to judge whether the organisation is fit for you.
G. First find an organisation that’s a good fit for you, and then decide what you have to offer.
7. 解析:根据下文“You’re likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organisation that supports a cause you care about.”可知,空处表示“你最好关注一下你非常喜欢的事业”。

故选D。

答案:D
8. 解析:根据上文“If you still can’t narrow down where you want to volunteer, start asking people you know where they volunteer.”可知,空处表示“你可能会发现其中一个对你来说绝好的机会”。

故选E。

答案:E
9. 解析:根据下文“You need to be sure how much time you can give to an organisation based on your other commitments.”可知,空处表示“然后不要忘记回顾你的每周计划”。

故选C。

答案:C
10. 解析:根据下文“Treat the application like a job.”可知,本段中心句是“申请并开始行动”。

故选A。

答案:A
11. 解析:根据上文“Spend some time preparing for the interview, much as you would
for a job interview.”可知,空处表示“它也是你评估这个组织是否适合你的时候”。

F 项中的it是指上文的做准备。

故选F。

答案:F
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。

1. A child usually goes to (second) school at about age of twelve.
2. There was a chorus agreement from the committee.
3. There are many creams available from the (chemical) which should clear the infection.
4. An economic boom followed, especially in (house) and construction.
5. I’m (die) to get over my shyness.
6. I have been (privilege) to work with the pioneers of silicon technology.
7. There can be little doubt he will make the mistake again.
8. She doubted the accident could be avoided.
9. I’m waiting for the apples to (ripe).
10. The book looked faded, (dust) and unused.
答案:1. secondary 2. of 3. chemist 4. housing 5. dying
6. privileged
7. that
8. whether/if
9. ripen 10. dusty
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。

adapt oneself to, not to mention, be dying for,
up to, be made of, be relevant to, stick out,
make a difference, participate in, dry up
1. He has two big houses in this country, his villa in France.
2. The taps appeared to solid gold.
3. The good thing about children is that they new environment very easily.
4. I a cup of green tea after the exhausting work.
5. I can take four people in my car.
6. How can they and work for a tobacco-free world?
7. The photo showed Edward with very short hair and his ears
.
8. I will have to a sporting activity that day.
9. Over the centuries of drought, the water .
10. Topics for conversation should the experience and interests of
the students.
答案:1. not to mention 2. be made of 3. adapt themselves to
4. am dying for
5. up to
6. make a difference
7. sticking out
8. participate in 9. dried up 10. be relevant to
Ⅲ. 语法填空。

Jo was an Australian 1. (voluntary) teacher who was 2.
(die) to help the children in Papua New Guinea. The high school 3. she worked
was a bush school, whose classrooms were made of bamboo and grass. The other day
when Jo was showing the boys a 4. (chemist) experiment, the mixture was
bubbling before she knew it. The boys who had never come 5. anything like
that before were so frightened that they started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes Jo wondered if chemistry was relevant 6. the kids and doubted
whether she’s making any 7. (different) to the boys’ lives.
Last weekend Jo and another teacher visited a remote village which was the home
of one of the boys, Tombe. When they arrived, Tombe’s father led them to his house,
a low bamboo hut with grass 8. (stick) out of the roof. Without windows, the hut was so dark inside that it took time for their eyes 9. (adjust). After dinner, Jo listened to the family talking softly to each other though
she couldn’t participate much in their conversation. She thought it was a 10. (privileged) to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
答案:1. volunteer 2. dying 3. where
4. chemistry
5. across
6. to
7. difference
8. sticking 9. to adjust 10. privilege
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解。

There is no doubt that teens today are extremely busy. Homework piles up and extracurricular(课外的) activities are time-consuming. Often, teens have to take part in a sport or activity after school, and they are up until 10:00 or later doing homework. Getting teenagers involved in volunteer opportunities can give them a sense of accomplishment that is not connected with sports or school.
Teenagers are often in their own little world. Helping them get involved in volunteer opportunities is the perfect way for them to open up that world and give their time to a good cause.
The key to getting teens involved in volunteer work is to find an opportunity that will fit into their schedule and find something that interests them. Also, keep i t close to home. If they have to travel a long distance to volunteer, it’s less likely to be accomplished.
My son has helped with the local library’s reading programme for two summers. It is close to home and the schedule is very elastic. We go in and choose days that work with his schedule and he volunteers for about 2 hours at a time. He is responsible for helping kids get signed up for the summer reading programme and helping them record the hours they read. It is only a one-week time commitment, but it is very rewarding.
When teens do volunteer work, they often see that there are others more needy than themselves. They also learn time management. Your teen will become a more rounded, less self-centred individual.
Colleges see thousands of students applying for admission every year. If your teen has shown the devotion to volunteer in the community, it can give him or her the advantage for college admission or scholarship opportunities. So, volunteering is good for their present and their future!
1. What is the text mainly about?
A. The heavy loads faced by teens toady.
B. The benefits of volunteering for teens.
C. The author’s son’s volunteer experience.
D. The requirements of volunteering.
解析:主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知,让年轻人做志愿工作可以让他们获得学习之外的成就感,并开阔他们的眼界;再根据最后一段最后两句可知,志愿工作可以让年轻人获得更多进入大学的机会,对孩子的现在和未来都有很大的好处。

故选B。

答案:B
2. What’s the author’s attitude towards his son’s volunteering?
A. He never thought his son would volunteer.
B. He tries to limit his son’s volunteer time.
C. He supports his son in volunteering.
D. He isn’t concerned about his son’s volunteering.
解析:推理判断题。

根据第四段中“We go in and choose days that work with his schedule ...”可知,作者陪同儿子去图书馆选择适合他的课程安排的日期。

由此可知,作者是支持自己的儿子去参加志愿工作的。

故选C。

答案:C
3. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “elastic” in the fourth paragraph?
A. Independent.
B. Tight.
C. Precious.
D. Flexible.
解析:词义猜测题。

根据画线词的后一句“We go in and choose days that work with his schedule and he volunteers for about 2 hours at a time.”可知,作者和儿子根据自己的时间安排选择去参加志愿工作的时间,这说明这项志愿工作的时间是比较灵活的。

故选D。

答案:D
Ⅴ. 完形填空。

Mother’s action sometimes really touched me. Many years ago I joined her in 1 some money to build small houses for six poor families. After their houses were completed, with 2 in their hearts, we were invited for their house-warming ceremonies. We felt satisfied after seeing them with 3 over their heads. This was the time when I was still 4 .
Several years later, my parents passed away and I also left my work because of age. In order to 5 the change of my life, I took a meditation(冥想) trip to Thailand. Every year plenty of 6 meditators
go to the meditation centres there and are given separate living areas, where two people 7 a single room with a bath and toilet, 8 the
local meditators stay together in a large hall.
That year, the meditation centre was completely full. 9 , many meditators had to share the cottages nearby. But, to my surprise, I was allowed to have a cottage only for myself. How 10 !
In the night when I was in bed, I began to think about why I had been treated
11 . In a flash, I remembered the happy faces of the people to whom my mother and
I had gifted homes, which included 12
six pieces of my mother’s land from her parents. To me this was a tiny village.
That 13 struck me so much that I realised the effects of kind acts ripen in this life itself. I am grateful to my mother and her ancestors and theirs, etc. for their life style. I am sure it will 14 from our generation.
When you give, give with a pure heart—don’t expect anything in return 15 the possibility that someone may repay your kindness one day.
1. A. lending B. raising
C. spending
D. donating
解析:lend借出;raise养育;spend花费;donate捐赠。

根据后文为了六个贫困的家庭建房子可知是捐赠的善心活动。

故选D。

答案:D
2. A. kindness B. faith
C. appreciation
D. satisfaction
解析:kindness 善心;faith信仰;appreciation感激;satisfaction满意。

根据语境可知,贫困家庭的人是感激的。

故选C。

答案:C
3. A. roofs B. stairs
C. curtains
D. lights
解析:roof 屋顶;stair 楼梯;curtain窗帘;light灯。

根据语境可知,看到他们有房子住作者他们很满足,此处应该是“头上有房顶”。

故选A。

答案:A
4. A. optimistic B. employed
C. ambitious
D. confused
解析:optimistic乐观的;employed 被雇用的;ambitious 有野心的;confused混乱的。

根据语境可知,那时候作者还在工作。

下一段中的“... my parents passed away and I also left my work”也是提示。

故选B。

答案:B
5. A. stick to B. adjust to
C. turn to
D. contribute to
解析:stick to坚持;adjust to适应;turn to求助于;contribute to贡献。

根据句意可知,此处表示为了适应生活的变故。

故选B。

答案:B
6. A. foreign B. new
C. regular
D. famous
解析:foreign外国的;new新的;regular有规律的;famous著名的。

根据句意可知,每年都有大量的外国沉思者去那里的冥想中心,并有单独的生活区。

故选A。

答案:A
7. A. rent B. book
C. share
D. buy
解析:rent租赁;book预订;share分享;buy买。

根据句意可知应该是两个人共用一个房间。

故选C。

答案:C
8. A. unless B. while
C. once
D. for
解析:unless除非;while 然而;once一旦;for因为。

根据语境可知,和外国人相比,当地的沉思者一起住在一个大厅里。

故选B。

答案:B
9. A. Therefore B. However
C. Instead
D. Anyhow
解析:therefore 因此;however然而;instead而不是;anyhow无论如何。

根据前文可知,冥想中心完全住满了,因此很多人不得不共享附近的小屋。

故选A。

答案:A
10. A. funny B. guilty
C. fortunate
D. disappointed
解析:funny 滑稽的;guilty有罪的;fortunate 幸运的;disappointed失望的。

结合语境可知,能有一个独立空间应该是多么的幸运。

故选C。

答案:C
11. A. unfairly B. rudely
C. differently
D. equally
解析:unfairly不公平地;rudely粗鲁地;differently不同地;equally公平地。

联系上下文可知,作者开始思考为什么她会有不同的待遇。

故选C。

答案:C
12. A. taking back B. giving back
C. taking away
D. giving away
解析:take back 拿回来;give back 还给;take away拿走;give away散发,分发。

根据句意可知,那些送出去的家包括六块来自作者的祖母的土地。

故选D。

答案:D
13. A. experience B. knowledge
C. relationship
D. education
解析:experience经历;knowledge知识;relationship关系;education教育。

结合上文可知,这次经历让她感触很深。

故选A。

答案:A
14. A. break off B. hold up
C. turn over
D. go down
解析:break off打断;hold up 举起;turn over 翻转;go down 延续。

根据句意可知,他们的生活方式会从“我们”这一代延续下去。

故选D。

答案:D
15. A. in terms of B. in spite of
C. in view of
D. in case of
解析:in terms of 就……而言;in spite of尽管;in view of鉴于;in case of如果,万一。

根据句意可知,我们应用一颗单纯的心给予,不图回报,尽管有一天有人可能会报答你的好意。

故选B。

答案:B。